WO2012122811A1 - 卧式机床 - Google Patents

卧式机床 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012122811A1
WO2012122811A1 PCT/CN2011/081945 CN2011081945W WO2012122811A1 WO 2012122811 A1 WO2012122811 A1 WO 2012122811A1 CN 2011081945 W CN2011081945 W CN 2011081945W WO 2012122811 A1 WO2012122811 A1 WO 2012122811A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slide
working
work
machine tool
spindle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/081945
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王华权
Original Assignee
深圳大学
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳大学 filed Critical 深圳大学
Publication of WO2012122811A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012122811A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/58—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
    • B23Q5/34—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission
    • B23Q5/38—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously
    • B23Q5/40—Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission feeding continuously by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a horizontal machine tool.
  • the existing horizontal machine tools have a single function and a large driving power consumption.
  • the spindle device of the conventional horizontal milling machine is arranged horizontally, and the work table carrying the workpiece is horizontally arranged, and the workpiece is moved in two orthogonal directions of the horizontal plane, and the spindle rotation center line is parallel to the two work surfaces.
  • a horizontal milling machine the spindle device is arranged on a set of vertical lifting slides, cooperates with a workbench carrying workpieces, realizes three-dimensional movement of the tool relative to the workpiece, and completes the space cutting operation. If the sum of the weight of the workpiece and the weight of the table carrying the workpiece is less than the sum of the weight of the spindle and the weight of the slide that drives the spindle movement, especially when machining some plastic, graphite or light metal small workpieces, the horizontal milling machine is driven vertically. The power layout is not reasonable.
  • the spindle of the horizontal milling machine is fixed on the frame, and the workpiece is fixed to the table.
  • the vertical movement of the workpiece relative to the tool in the vertical direction requires the lifting slide mechanism perpendicular to the table. Therefore, in addition to the frictional resistance, inertial force and cutting resistance, the power to drive the machine tool needs to provide the power to overcome gravity for the vertically moving components. Since the weight of the work table carrying the workpiece is generally large, the power required to drive it up and down is also large.
  • the present invention provides a horizontal machine tool structure having a small size, a small volume, and a small vertical driving power.
  • a horizontal machine tool including a machine base, a work slide, and a spindle device.
  • the work slide includes a first work slide, a second work slide and a third work slide mounted on the base; the third work slide is disposed on the second work slide, the third work slide a slider for supporting the workpiece and moving together with the workpiece, the movement direction of the third work slide is substantially vertically disposed and moves together with the slider of the second slide; the movement of the second work slide
  • the direction is perpendicular to the moving direction of the third working slide, the third working slide is disposed on the second working sliding table and moves together with the second working sliding table, and the moving direction of the first working sliding table is perpendicular to the second working
  • the spindle device is horizontally disposed on the first work slide, the spindle device is provided with a spindle, and the spindle is provided with a tool chuck, and the spindle rotates
  • the center line is parallel to the moving direction of the first working slide, and the
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
  • the horizontal machine tool of the present invention drives the first work slide, the second work slide
  • the table and the third work slide enable three-dimensional movement of the tool relative to the workpiece.
  • the third working slide supporting the workpiece is set to a vertical direction, so that the movement quality in the vertical direction is small, and the required driving power in the vertical direction is small.
  • the structure of the invention is advantageous for light weight, and can even be made into a portable machine tool, which is convenient for teaching demonstration and can also be applied to industrial applications.
  • the horizontal machine tool of the present invention can be equipped with a milling cutter and a drill bit, so that the horizontal machine tool can realize functions such as milling and drilling.
  • the invention reduces the power requirement for overcoming the vertical direction load, optimizes the driving power layout, reduces the redundant weight, adjusts, transforms, and is convenient to use, has large potential for function expansion, and has wide applicability.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a horizontal machine tool of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a linear motor 3-4;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the spindle device 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing another modification of the first working slide table 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing another modification of the second work slide table 3.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing another modification of the third work slide table 6.
  • Figure ⁇ is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the horizontal machine tool of the present invention.
  • the horizontal machine tool of the present invention comprises a machine base 1, a first working slide table 2, a second work slide table 3 and a spindle device 4, and the first work slide table 2 and the second work slide table 3 are horizontally arranged. .
  • the horizontal machine tool of the present invention is also provided with a third work slide 6 .
  • the third work slide 6 is disposed on the second work slide 3 for supporting the workpiece.
  • the third working slide table 6 is vertically disposed, and its moving plane is perpendicular to the rotation center line of the spindle unit 4.
  • the direction of movement of the second work slide 3 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the third work slide 6.
  • the first work slide 2 is supported by a rolling guide 2-2 and driven by a linear motor 2-3.
  • the second work slide 3 is supported by a rolling guide 3-3 and driven by a linear motor 3-4.
  • the spindle unit 4 is disposed on the first work slide 2 in a horizontal arrangement.
  • the direction of movement of the first working slide 2 is simultaneously perpendicular to the direction of movement of the second working slide 3 and the third working slide 6.
  • the upper end surface of the base of the horizontal machine tool is horizontally disposed
  • the third working slide 6 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane
  • the moving planes of the first working slide 2 and the second working slide 3 are parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the spindle device 4 is an electric spindle, and the spindle device 4 includes a spindle 5 having a rotation center line and the spindle 5 is rotated about the rotation center line, and the rotation center line of the spindle 5 is parallel to the moving direction of the first work slide 2.
  • the center line of rotation is the axis of the main shaft 5.
  • the first working slide 2 is horizontally disposed, and its moving direction is parallel to the rotation center line of the main shaft 5, and the second working slide 3 is horizontally disposed.
  • the first working slide 2 drives the spindle device 4 to perform the infeed and retracting operations along the direction of the center line of rotation of the main shaft 5.
  • the first work slide 2 includes a slider 2-1, a rolling guide 2-2, and a linear motor 2-3.
  • the slider 2-1 is supported on the base 1 by the rolling guide 2-2, and the linear motor 2-3 drives the slider 2-1 to reciprocate linearly with respect to the base 1, and the moving direction of the slider 2-1 is The direction of motion of a working slide 2.
  • the second work slide 3 includes a slide base 3-1, a slider 3-2, a rolling guide 3-3, and a linear motor 3-4.
  • the slide base 3-1 is disposed on the base 1, and the slider 3-2 is supported on the slide base 3-1 by the rolling guide 3-3, and a straight line is mounted on the side perpendicular to the moving direction of the slider 3-2.
  • the linear motor 3-4 drives the slider 3-2.
  • the moving direction of the slider 3-2 is the moving direction of the second working slide 3.
  • the structure of the linear motor 3-4 including the motor 3-4-1, the mast 3-4-2 and the nut 3-4-3, the screw 3-4- 2 Machining on the extension of the motor 3-4-1 shaft.
  • the linear motor 2-3 has the same structure as the linear motor 3-4.
  • the third work slide 6 includes a slide base 6-1, a slider 6-2, a rolling guide 6-3, and a linear motor 6-4, and the linear motor 6-4 has the same structure as the linear motor 3-4.
  • the slider 6-2 is supported by the slide base 6-3 on the slide base 6-1, and a linear motor 6-4 is attached to the side perpendicular to the moving direction of the slider 6-2.
  • the linear motor 6-4 drives the slider 6-2 to reciprocate linearly with respect to the slide base 6-1, and the moving direction of the slider 6-2 is the moving direction of the third working slide 6.
  • the slide base 6-1 of the third work slide 6 is disposed on the slide 3-2 of the second work slide 3.
  • the third work slide 6 is moved by the slider 3-2 of the second work slide 3.
  • the spindle unit 4 is provided with a collet 7 which can be used to clamp a milling cutter or a drill bit.
  • the spindle device 4 can use a split spindle.
  • the spindle device 4 includes a housing 4-1, a spindle motor 4-2, a spindle motor bracket 4-3, a pulley 4-4, a belt 4-5, a pulley 4-6, and a spindle 5.
  • the main shaft motor bracket 4-3 is provided on the cabinet 4-1, and the spindle motor bracket 4-3 is equipped with a spindle motor 4-2.
  • the spindle 5 penetrates the housing 4-1, and the rotation center line of the output shaft of the spindle motor 4-2 is set in parallel with the rotation center line of the spindle 5.
  • the pulley 4-6 disposed on the main shaft 5 and the pulley 4-4 disposed on the output shaft of the main shaft motor 4-2 are coupled via the belt 4-5, and the rotary motion of the main shaft 5 around the center line of rotation thereof passes through the spindle motor 4-2. Drive to achieve.
  • the first working slide table 2 is also provided with a hand wheel 2-4.
  • the hand wheel 2-4 is set on the motor 2-3 axis, and the hand wheel 2-4 rotates to drive the linear reciprocating motion of the slider 2-1.
  • the second work slide 3 also has a hand wheel 3-5.
  • the hand wheel 3-5 is set on the motor 3-4-1 axis, and the hand wheel 3-5 rotates to drive the linear reciprocating motion of the slider 3-2.
  • the third working slide 6 is also provided with a hand wheel 6-5.
  • the hand wheel 6-5 is set on the motor 6-4-1 shaft, and the hand wheel 6-5 is rotated to drive the linear reciprocating motion of the slider 6-2.
  • the rotary table 10 is driven by a motor 10-1, and the hand wheel 10-2 is disposed on the shaft of the motor 10-1, and the hand wheel 10-2 is rotated to drive the rotation of the rotary table 10.
  • FIG. 7 Please refer to FIG. 7 for another embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment has substantially the same structure as the previous embodiment, and its area
  • the upper end surface of the base 1 has a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane
  • the movement planes of the first working slide 2 and the second working slide 3 are rotated by a certain angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the main axis of the main shaft.
  • the moving direction of the working slide 2 and the second working slide 3 has an angle with the horizontal plane
  • the moving direction of the third working slide 6 is slightly deviated from the vertical direction.
  • the moving directions of the first working slide 2, the second working slide 3, and the third working slide 6 are still in an orthogonal relationship.
  • the second working slide 3 having a larger moving mass than the third working slide 6 is The driving force in the vertical direction is also required to move.
  • the driving force demand of the second working slide table 3 is increased, and the driving force demand of the third working slide table 6 in the vertical direction is slightly. There is a reduction, and the driving force required for the whole machine in the vertical direction is still maintained at a relatively high level.
  • the horizontal machine tool of the invention can install multiple different machining tools such as milling cutters, drill bits or engraving knives according to actual machining conditions, thereby realizing functions such as milling, drilling and carving, and is multi-purpose for one machine. Since the spindle device is arranged in a horizontal position, when the machine tool is in the working state of the milling machine, only the third working slide that holds the workpiece moves up and down, and the vertical direction movement is formed by the sum of the weight of the workpiece and the third working slide.
  • the weight is lighter than that of the other two work slides, so the vertical direction drive power required for this structural layout is small. Because the machine has the above structural features, it is easy to be lightweight, and even becomes a portable machine tool, which is convenient for teaching demonstration and can also be applied to industrial applications. It will be appreciated that the horizontal machine of the present invention can be driven using motors of other configurations.
  • the moving direction of the third working slide of the horizontal machine tool of the present invention is set to be substantially vertical, and the movement direction of the first sliding table and the second sliding table are adjusted accordingly.
  • the orthogonal relationship with the moving direction of the first sliding table can also significantly reduce the driving power of the whole machine in the vertical direction.

Description

卧式机床 技术领域
本发明涉及一种卧式机床。
背景扶术
现有的卧式机床， 功能均较为单一且驱动功率消耗较大。 例如习知卧式铣床的 主轴装置呈水平布置， 承载工件的工作台呈水平设置， 且带动工件在水平面的两个 正交方向运动， 其主轴旋转中心线与两个工作台面平行。
一种卧式铣床， 其主轴装置设置在一套竖直的升降滑台上， 配合承载工件的工 作台， 实现刀具相对于工件的三维运动， 完成空间切削作业。 如果工件的重量与承 载工件的工作台的重量之和小于主轴重量与带动主轴运动的滑台重量之和， 尤其是 加工一些塑料、 石墨或轻金属小工件的场合， 此种卧式铣床在垂直驱动功率布局上 就显得不尽合理。
还有一种卧式铣床，其设有主轴及工作台。该种卧式铣床的主轴固定在机架上， 工件固定于工作台， 工件相对于刀具沿竖直方向的上下移动进给运动需要依靠与工 作台垂直的升降滑台机构来实现。 因此驱动机床的动力除需要克服摩擦阻力、 惯性 力和切削阻力之外， 对于垂直运动的部件还需要提供克服重力的动力。 由于承载工 件的工作台的重量一般都较大， 因此驱动其上下移动所需的功率也较大。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足， 本发明提供一种结构尺寸小， 体积小， 垂直方 向驱动功率较小的卧式机床结构。
一种卧式机床， 包括机座， 工作滑台以及主轴装置。 工作滑台包括安装于机座 的第一工作滑台、 第二工作滑台及第三工作滑台； 所述第三工作滑台设置于第二工 作滑台上， 所述第三工作滑台的滑块用于支撑工件并带着工件一起运动， 所述第三 工作滑台运动方向大致呈铅垂设置并随着第二滑台的滑块一起运动； 所述第二工作 滑台的运动方向垂直于第三工作滑台的运动方向， 第三工作滑台设置于第二工作滑 台并随第二工作滑台一起运动， 所述第一工作滑台的运动方向同时垂直于第二工作 滑台及第三工作滑台的运动方向， 所述主轴装置卧式设置于所述第一工作滑台， 所 述主轴装置上设置有主轴， 主轴上设置有刀具夹头， 所述主轴的旋转中心线平行于 第一工作滑台的运动方向， 所述第一工作滑台带动主轴装置沿主轴的旋转中心线方 向实现进刀、 退刀作业。
本发明的有益效果是： 本发明的卧式机床通过驱动第一工作滑台、 第二工作滑 台和第三工作滑台， 可实现刀具相对于工件的三维运动。 当工件的重量小于主轴的 重量时，将支撑工件的第三工作滑台设置成竖直方向，致使铅垂方向的运动质量小， 所需的铅垂方向驱动功率较小。 本发明结构有利于轻量化， 甚至可做成可携带的机 床， 便于教学示范， 也可应用于工业用途。 且本发明的卧式机床可装夹铣刀、钻头， 使该卧式机床能够实现铣、 钻等功能。 本发明减少了用于克服铅垂方向载荷的动力 需求， 优化了驱动功率布局， 减少了冗余重量， 调整、 变换、 使用方便， 功能扩展 潜力大， 适用性广。
附图说明
图 1是本发明卧式机床的结构示意图；
图 2是直线电机 3-4的结构示意图；
图 3是本发明的主轴装置 4的结构示意图；
图 4是第一工作滑台 2另一种改进的结构示意图；
图 5是第二工作滑台 3另一种改进的结构示意图。
图 6是第三工作滑台 6另一种改进的结构示意图。
图 Ί是本发明卧式机床的另一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明及具体实施方式对本发明进一步说明。
请参见图 1 , 本发明卧式机床包括机座 1， 第一工作滑台 2, 第二工作滑台 3以 及主轴装置 4, 第一工作滑台 2, 第二工作滑台 3均呈水平布置。本发明的卧式机床 还设有第三工作滑台 6。 第三工作滑台 6设置在第二工作滑台 3上用于支撑工件。 第三工作滑台 6运动方向呈铅垂设置，其运动平面垂直于主轴装置 4的旋转中心线。 第二工作滑台 3的运动方向垂直于第三工作滑台 6的运动方向。 第一工作滑台 2采 用滚动导轨 2-2支撑并釆用直线电机 2-3驱动。 第二工作滑台 3采用滚动导轨 3-3 支撑并采用直线电机 3- 4驱动。主轴装置 4设置在第一工作滑台 2上， 呈卧式布置。 第一工作滑台 2的运动方向同时垂直于第二工作滑台 3及第三工作滑台 6的运动方 向。 本实施例中， 卧式机床的机座的上端面水平设置， 第三工作滑台 6垂直于水平 面， 第一工作滑台 2及第二工作滑台 3的运动平面平行于水平面。
主轴装置 4是电主轴，主轴装置 4包括主轴 5 ,主轴 5设有旋转中心线且主轴 5 绕所述旋转中心线转动， 主轴 5旋转中心线与第一工作滑台 2的运动方向平行。 在 本实施例中， 旋转中心线为主轴 5的轴线。 所述第一工作滑台 2水平设置， 其运动 方向与所述主轴 5的旋转中心线平行， 所述第二工作滑台 3水平设置。 第一工作滑 台 2带动主轴装置 4沿主轴 5的旋转中心线方向实现进刀、 退刀作业。 第一工作滑台 2包括滑块 2-1 , 滚动导轨 2-2， 直线电机 2-3。 滑块 2-1通过滚 动导轨 2-2支撑在机座 1上，直线电机 2-3驱动滑块 2-1相对于机座 1作直线往复运 动， 滑块 2-1的运动方向即为第一工作滑台 2的运动方向。
第二工作滑台 3包括滑台基座 3-1， 滑块 3-2, 滚动导轨 3-3以及直线电机 3-4。 滑台基座 3-1设置在机座 1上， 滑块 3-2通过滚动导轨 3-3支撑在滑台基座 3-1上， 与滑块 3-2运动方向垂直的侧面安装有直线电机 3-4。 直线电机 3-4驱动滑块 3-2相 对于滑台基座 3-1作直线往复运动， 滑块 3-2的运动方向即为第二工作滑台 3的运 动方向。
请一并参见图 2,如图 2所示为直线电机 3-4的结构，包括电机 3-4-1，ϋ杆 3-4-2 和螺母 3-4-3 , 丝杆 3-4-2加工在电机 3-4-1轴的外伸部位。 直线电机 2-3与直线电 机 3-4具有相同的结构。
第三工作滑台 6包括滑台基座 6-1 , 滑块 6-2, 滚动导轨 6-3以及直线电机 6-4, 直线电机 6-4与直线电机 3-4具有相同的结构。滑块 6-2通过滚动导轨 6-3支撑在滑 台基座 6-1上， 与滑块 6-2运动方向垂直的侧面安装有直线电机 6-4。 直线电机 6-4 驱动滑块 6-2相对于滑台基座 6-1作直线往复运动，滑块 6-2的运动方向即为第三工 作滑台 6的运动方向。 第三工作滑台 6的滑台基座 6-1设置于第二工作滑台 3的滑 块 3-2。 第三工作滑台 6在第二工作滑台 3的滑块 3-2带动下运动。
主轴装置 4上设置有夹头 7 , 可以用于夹持铣刀或钻头。
请参照图 3, 可以理解的是， 所述的主轴装置 4能够使用分体式主轴。 所述的 主轴装置 4包括箱体 4-1 , 主轴电机 4-2, 主轴电机支架 4-3, 皮带轮 4-4, 皮带 4-5 , 皮带轮 4-6以及主轴 5。 箱体 4-1上设有主轴电机支架 4-3， 主轴电机支架 4-3上安 装有主轴电机 4-2。 主轴 5贯通箱体 4-1 , 主轴电机 4-2的输出轴的旋转中心线与主 轴 5的旋转中心线平行设置。 设置在主轴 5上的皮带轮 4-6与设置在主轴电机 4-2 输出轴上的皮带轮 4-4通过皮带 4- 5联接， 主轴 5绕自身旋转中心线的回转运动通 过主轴电机 4-2的带动来实现。
请一并参见图 4、 图 5及图 6, 第一工作滑台 2还设有手轮 2-4。 手轮 2-4设置 在电机 2-3轴上， 手轮 2-4转动从而带动滑块 2-1的直线往复运动。 第二工作滑台 3 还设有手轮 3-5。 手轮 3-5设置在电机 3-4-1轴上， 手轮 3-5转动从而带动滑块 3-2 的直线往复运动。第三工作滑台 6还设有手轮 6-5。手轮 6-5设置在电机 6-4-1轴上， 手轮 6-5转动从而带动滑块 6-2的直线往复运动。 旋转工作台 10由电机 10-1驱动， 手轮 10-2设置在电机 10-1轴上， 手轮 10-2转动从而带动旋转工作台 10的转动。
请参照图 7本发明的另一实施例。 该实施例与前一实施例结构大致相同， 其区 别在于在本实施例中机座 1的上端面与水平面具有一定倾角， 第一工作滑台 2、 第 二工作滑台 3的运动平面相对于水平面绕主轴的中心线旋转了一定角度， 第一工作 滑台 2及第二工作滑台 3的运动方向与水平面之间具有夹角， 第三工作滑台 6的运 动方向略偏离铅垂方向。但第一工作滑台 2、 第二工作滑台 3、 第三工作滑台 6的运 动方向仍保持正交关系， 此时， 运动质量比第三工作滑台 6大的第二工作滑台 3， 也需要铅垂方向的驱动力才能运动， 当倾角较小时， 第二工作滑台 3新增加的铅垂 方向驱动力需求较小， 第三工作滑台 6沿铅垂方向的驱动力需求略有减少， 整机沿 铅垂方向所需驱动力仍然维持较 、的水平。
可以理解的是， 为了减轻整机的重量， 一种较优的设计是将第二工作滑台 3和 第三工作滑台 6釆用交叉滚子导轨。 可以理解的是， 本发明的卧式机床可根据实际 加工情况安装铣刀、 钻头或雕刻刀等多重不同加工刀具， 从而实现铣、 钻、 雕等功 能， 一机多用。 由于主轴装置釆用卧式布置， 当机床处于铣床工作状态时， 仅由夹 持工件的第三工作滑台作上下运动， 且因由工件和第三工作滑台自重之和构成的铅 垂方向运动重量比另外两个工作滑台的运动重量轻， 因此这种结构布局所需的铅垂 方向驱动功率较小。 由于该机床具有以上结构特征， 易于轻量化， 甚至^ t成可携带 的机床， 便于教学示范， 也可应用于工业用途。 可以理解的是， 本发明的卧式机可 使用其他结构形式的电机进行驱动。
可以理解的是， 本发明的卧式机床的第三工作滑台的运动方向设置成大致铅垂 的状态， 同时将第一滑台和第二滑台的运动方向 #支相应的调整， 使之与第一滑台的 运动方向构成正交关系， 也可明显减小整机在铅垂方向的驱动功率。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不能认 定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员 来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干简单推演或替换， 都应当视 为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1.一种卧式机床， 包括机座， 工作滑台以及主轴装置， 其特征在于： 所述工作 滑台包括安装于机座的第一工作滑台、 第二工作滑台及第三工作滑台； 所述第三工 作滑台设置于第二工作滑台上， 所述第三工作滑台的滑块用于支撑工件并带着工件 一起运动， 所述第三工作滑台运动方向大致呈铅垂设置并随着第二滑台的滑块一起 运动； 所述第二工作滑台的运动方向垂直于第三工作滑台的运动方向， 第三工作滑 台设置于第二工作滑台并随第二工作滑台一起运动， 所述第一工作滑台的运动方向 同时垂直于第二工作滑台及第三工作滑台的运动方向， 所述主轴装置卧式设置于所 述第一工作滑台， 所述主轴装置上设置有主轴， 主轴上设置有刀具夹头， 所述主轴 的旋转中心线平行于第一工作滑台的运动方向， 所述第一工作滑台带动主轴装置沿 主轴的旋转中心线方向实现进刀、 退刀作业。
2.根据权利要求 1所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述第一工作滑台、 第二工作 滑台及第三工作滑台采用滚动导轨支撑并采用直线电机驱动。
3.根据权利要求 1或 2所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述第二工作滑台包括滑 台基座、 滑块、 滚动导轨、 直线电机， 所述直线电机由电机和丝杆螺母副组成， 所 述第二工作滑台基座设置在机座上， 所述滑块通过滚动导轨支撑在滑台基座上， 与 滑块运动方向垂直的侧面安装有直线电机。
4.根据权利要求 1或 2所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述第三工作滑台运动方 向垂直于水平面， 第一工作滑台、 第二工作滑台的运动方向平行于水平面， 第一工 作滑台、 第二工作滑台、 第三工作滑台的运动方向相互垂直， 第三工作滑台的运动 平面与主轴的旋转中心线垂直。
5.根据权利要求 4所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述的第三工作滑台包括滑台 基座、 滑块、 滚动导轨、 直线电机， 直线电机由电机和丝杆螺母副组成， 丝杆加工 在电机轴的外伸部位， 所述的滑块通过交叉滚子导轨支撑在滑台基座上， 与滑块运 动方向垂直的侧面安装有直线电机。
6.根据权利要求 1所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述主轴装置是电主轴或者是 主釉与电机各自独立的分体式主轴。
7.根据权利要求 1所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述第一工作滑台、 第二工作 滑台及第三工作滑台均设有手轮， 所述的手轮分别设置在每个工作滑台及旋转工作 台的电机轴上。
8.根据权利要求 2所述卧式机床， 其特征在于： 所述第一工作滑台、 第二工作 滑台的导轨平面大致呈水平设置。
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