WO2012121579A1 - Inoculant endomycorhizique formant des mycorhizes arbusculaires appliqué à des plantules de légumes et de fruits - Google Patents

Inoculant endomycorhizique formant des mycorhizes arbusculaires appliqué à des plantules de légumes et de fruits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012121579A1
WO2012121579A1 PCT/MX2011/000040 MX2011000040W WO2012121579A1 WO 2012121579 A1 WO2012121579 A1 WO 2012121579A1 MX 2011000040 W MX2011000040 W MX 2011000040W WO 2012121579 A1 WO2012121579 A1 WO 2012121579A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inoculant
vegetable
endomicorric
arbuscular
fruit seedlings
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2011/000040
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Antonio MUÑOZ SANTIAGO
Original Assignee
Munoz Santiago Antonio
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Munoz Santiago Antonio filed Critical Munoz Santiago Antonio
Publication of WO2012121579A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012121579A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations

Definitions

  • the present invention provides a symbiotic inoculant of biological origin that does not damage the environment and that contains spores of endomicorrhizal fungi that rapidly colonize the roots of a wide variety of vegetable and fruit species, providing tolerance to pests and diseases, favoring the exchange of Water and nutrients
  • the intra-radicle fungi of Glomus intraradices contained in the endomicorric inoculant penetrate into the roots of young plants, forming arbuscular structures and develop their filaments in the soil, which favors the exchange of water and nutrients.
  • energy moves from the plant to the fungus and inorganic resources and some organics move from the fungus to the plant. Some physiological reactions of the fungus induce the root to remain active for longer.
  • Mycorrhizal fungi are symbiosis between a fungus (mycos) and the roots (rhizos) of a plant.
  • the most common are the arbuscular ones, which provide great economic benefits thanks to their beneficial effect on the growth and stress tolerance of a large part of crops. It is estimated that between 90 and 95% of the upper plants present mycorrhizae regularly. It is possible that the same fungus forms the mycorrhizae with more than one plant at a time; This facilitates the existence of parasitic plants, which extract everything they need from the fungus mycobiont and the other plants with which it also establishes symbiosis.
  • the plant is able to explore more volume of soil than it reaches with its roots, by adding to this work the hyphae of the fungus; it also more easily captures certain elements (phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium and potassium) and soil water.
  • the protection provided by the fungus makes, in addition, the plant more resistant to changes in temperature and acidification of the soil derived from the presence of sulfur, magnesium and aluminum. Some physiological reactions of the fungus induce the root to remain active for longer than if it were not mycorrhized.
  • the endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings influences greater growth and plant yield, which guarantees that mycorrhizae apart from agronomic advantages, considerable moisture savings, fungicidal treatments are deduced and fertilizers.
  • the present invention describes an endomicorric inoculant which has as an active principle the fungus of the genus Glomus belonging to Superuk Eukaryota, (Metazoa / Fungi group), Fungi Kingdom, Phylum Glomeromycota, Glomeromycetes Class, Glomeral Order, Glomeraceae Family (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus) that It is native to Mexico and for this reason it has a greater affinity for the crops of our country, feasible to replace international synthetic products, due to the properties it presents, such as being environmentally friendly, non-toxic and more economical.
  • This species has been taxonomically characterized by a combination of morphological and molecular techniques.
  • the object of the present invention is an inoculant which has the only active ingredient to mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in high concentrations, said inoculant has the advantage of being conveniently applied to the seed or seedlings shortly before sowing. , improves crop development, influences root development, facilitating plant growth, increasing its yield at reduced doses and without the use of chemical fertilizers. It is a technological product whose active ingredient are intraradic Glomus strains with high effectiveness, pure, without contaminants, stabilized and with optimal behavior in the field.
  • the patent ES 2 343 235 Al uses a species of mycorrhizal fungus combined with any other microorganisms, in formulations for its application as biofertilizers, inoculants, soil recuperators, phyto-fortifiers, etc., reason that limits its effectiveness when wanting to cover a large number of needs, and also have a greater number of microorganisms that make it a higher priced product and with greater ease of contamination.
  • the inoculant object of the invention is composed of the mycorrhizal fungus (spore or hypha) in addition to inert additives, biological nutrients, organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters, which provide nutrition and protection to plants;
  • the application of said inoculant is not limited to certain areas of the plant or soil, opening the possibility of a greater spectrum of area of action and better effects than those analyzed in previous patents.
  • the presentation of the inoculant can be liquid, solid or semi-solid according to the required needs. It is cheaper than those on the market, it can replace international products, because it has an efficiency of 100% after its application in crops of national importance, the endomicorrhizal microorganism used is native to our country and therefore effective for our horticultural and fruit crops.
  • Figure 1 shows the process diagram of the endomicorrhizal inoculant. It consists of 9 steps that are named below: 1- Vegetative propagation, 2- Dispersion of material, 3- Sifting, 4- Drying and aeration, 5- Obtaining spores, 6- Adding inerts, 7- Mixing, 8- Bagging and sealed, 9- Labeling.
  • Figure 2 shows an aerial photograph of a seedling of pepper chili plants in in vivo laboratory-level culture with the endomicorrhizal inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus intrar adices).
  • Figure 3 shows an aerial frontal photograph of the intraradical colonization of chili pepper roots in in vivo culture with the endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus ⁇ Glomus intrar adices).
  • This new endomicorric inoculant whose active ingredient is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus ⁇ Glomus intrar adices), in addition to containing some of the following components in its fomiulation: inert additives such as inorganic materials among which can be used, are peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talcum powder, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite.
  • inert additives such as inorganic materials among which can be used, are peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talcum powder, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite.
  • the biological nutrients that were used are wheat flour, corn, sorghum, rice, fossilized algae; organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters, which together provide nutrition and protection to plants, when applied (non-limiting example) to vegetable and fruit seedlings.
  • Said inoculant is obtained through a process of invention within the research areas of our company, firstly the (1) vegetative propagation is carried out on a pilot scale through an aeroponic culture system whose characteristic is the growth of roots constantly exposed to a chamber of defined moisture of nutrients and water as a substrate; This system has shown promise for the multiplication of spores and root production that grow in the absence of soil and represent clean seedbeds of contamination by nematodes and insects.
  • the (2) dispersion of material in HMC (modified hydroxymethyl cellulose) is carried out; not limiting the use of material such as peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talc, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite and clay aggregates that can range from 1 to 15%, preferably to 10% so that the inoculum increases, where roots of inoculated plants are bathed with a thin film of the polysaccharide which acts as an aggregator and slider, then proceeds to a (3) sieving process that provides a high production of fungal spores free of contaminants and a high amount of fragments of roots that remain infective for up to 23 months.
  • HMC modified hydroxymethyl cellulose
  • the formulation of the inoculant contains strains of high selection and low specificity, which quickly colonize the roots of the new transplants providing the best possible conditions for them and reach a beneficial relationship during the period of establishment.
  • sterile inerts which can be from 50 to 85%, preferably 70% with non-contaminating properties and that do not react with the biological material in addition to helping to retain water while maintaining hydration, decrease Transplant stress, as well as release all soluble components.
  • a nutrient material is added which can be from 5 to 25%, preferably 20%, said material can be fossilized algae, not limiting to other nutrients.
  • Example 1 The endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings influences greater growth and plant yield.
  • This inoculant is designed to treat problems (non-limiting explanatory example) in horticultural and fruit seedlings; such as safflower, sunflower, lettuce, melon, cucumber, watermelon, eggplant, chili, tomato, among others; obtaining in some of the tests the following beneficial results with this new formulation:
  • the best substrate for seedling growth was peat moss.
  • the best dose for seedling growth was found within the range of 300 to 1000 g of Glomus inoculant intraradices, formulated according to the needs of each seedling.
  • the inoculant of Glomus intraradices promoted the growth of any of the seedlings evaluated (figures 2 and 3) efficiently compared to the controls, because it allows a greater contact and use of available nutrients. Limiting the use of polluting chemicals.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un inoculant symbiotique d'origine biologique qui ne détériore pas l'environnement et contient des spores vivantes et actives de champignons endomycorhiziques qui colonisent rapidement les racines d'une grande variété d'espèces de légumes et de fruits, sans limites à l'égard d'autres cultures, l'inoculant assurant une tolérance contre les organismes nuisibles et les maladies, favorisant l'échange d'eau et de nutriments tels que le phosphore, le calcium, le potassium et autres, assurant une meilleure tolérance au stress hydrique et une meilleure résistance aux maladies des racines, ce qui provoque une meilleure croissance et un rendement plus élevé des plantes cultivées. Les champignons formant les mycorhizes arbusculaires (Glomus intraradices) contenues dans l'inoculant endomycorhizique sont obtenus au moyen d'un processus de propagation végétative par un système de culture aéroponique qui favorise la multiplication des spores et la production de racines qui poussent en l'absence de sol et représentent des pépinières de multiplication exemptes de contamination par les nématodes et les insectes.
PCT/MX2011/000040 2011-03-10 2011-04-01 Inoculant endomycorhizique formant des mycorhizes arbusculaires appliqué à des plantules de légumes et de fruits WO2012121579A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MXMX/A/2011/002598 2011-03-10
MX2011002598A MX2011002598A (es) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012121579A1 true WO2012121579A1 (fr) 2012-09-13

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MX (1) MX2011002598A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012121579A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2996727A1 (fr) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-18 Fabre Pierre Dermo Cosmetique Utilisation d'un produit comprenant un inoculum de trichoderma atroviride et de glomus spp pour augmenter la teneur en principes actifs dans les plantes cerealieres
RU2699518C2 (ru) * 2013-07-02 2019-09-05 Сумборг С.Л. Штамм glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum var. nov. и его использование в качестве бионематоцида
WO2021049927A1 (fr) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Biokrone S.A. De C.V. Fortifiant végétal à base de mycorhizes à vésicules et arbuscules, extraits et nutriments végétaux

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HEALD, C. M. ET AL.: "Influence of Glomus intraradices and soil phosphorus on Meloidogyne incognita infecting Cucumis melo.", JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY., vol. 21, no. 1, January 1989 (1989-01-01), pages 69 - 73 *
HUNG, L.-L. L. ET AL.: "Production of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum in aeroponic culture.", APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY., vol. 54, no. 2, February 1988 (1988-02-01), pages 353 - 357 *
MELGARES DE AGUILAR, J. ET AL.: "Efectos del hongo endomicorricico Glomus intraradices en el cultivo ecologico de lechuga tipo Iceberg.", VI CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE AGRICULTURA ECOLOGICA., September 2004 (2004-09-01), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.terra.es/personal8/ocamurcia/lechumico.pdf> [retrieved on 20111122] *
MOHAMMAD, A. ET AL.: "C. Improved aeroponic culture of inocula of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.", MYCORRHIZA, vol. 9, no. 6, April 2000 (2000-04-01), pages 337 - 339 *
PLENCHETTE, C. ET AL.: "Long-term viability and infectivity of intraradical forms of Glomus intraradices vesicles encapsulated in alginate beads.", MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH., vol. 107, no. 5, May 2003 (2003-05-01), pages 614 - 616 *
ST-ARNAUD, M. ET AL.: "Enhanced hyphal growth and spore production of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in an in vitro system in the absence of host roots.", MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH., vol. 100, no. 3, March 1996 (1996-03-01), pages 328 - 332 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2996727A1 (fr) * 2012-10-11 2014-04-18 Fabre Pierre Dermo Cosmetique Utilisation d'un produit comprenant un inoculum de trichoderma atroviride et de glomus spp pour augmenter la teneur en principes actifs dans les plantes cerealieres
RU2699518C2 (ru) * 2013-07-02 2019-09-05 Сумборг С.Л. Штамм glomus iranicum var. tenuihypharum var. nov. и его использование в качестве бионематоцида
WO2021049927A1 (fr) * 2019-09-12 2021-03-18 Biokrone S.A. De C.V. Fortifiant végétal à base de mycorhizes à vésicules et arbuscules, extraits et nutriments végétaux

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