WO2012121579A1 - Arbuscular-mycorrhizae-forming endomycorrhizal inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings - Google Patents
Arbuscular-mycorrhizae-forming endomycorrhizal inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012121579A1 WO2012121579A1 PCT/MX2011/000040 MX2011000040W WO2012121579A1 WO 2012121579 A1 WO2012121579 A1 WO 2012121579A1 MX 2011000040 W MX2011000040 W MX 2011000040W WO 2012121579 A1 WO2012121579 A1 WO 2012121579A1
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- inoculant
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- arbuscular
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations
Definitions
- the present invention provides a symbiotic inoculant of biological origin that does not damage the environment and that contains spores of endomicorrhizal fungi that rapidly colonize the roots of a wide variety of vegetable and fruit species, providing tolerance to pests and diseases, favoring the exchange of Water and nutrients
- the intra-radicle fungi of Glomus intraradices contained in the endomicorric inoculant penetrate into the roots of young plants, forming arbuscular structures and develop their filaments in the soil, which favors the exchange of water and nutrients.
- energy moves from the plant to the fungus and inorganic resources and some organics move from the fungus to the plant. Some physiological reactions of the fungus induce the root to remain active for longer.
- Mycorrhizal fungi are symbiosis between a fungus (mycos) and the roots (rhizos) of a plant.
- the most common are the arbuscular ones, which provide great economic benefits thanks to their beneficial effect on the growth and stress tolerance of a large part of crops. It is estimated that between 90 and 95% of the upper plants present mycorrhizae regularly. It is possible that the same fungus forms the mycorrhizae with more than one plant at a time; This facilitates the existence of parasitic plants, which extract everything they need from the fungus mycobiont and the other plants with which it also establishes symbiosis.
- the plant is able to explore more volume of soil than it reaches with its roots, by adding to this work the hyphae of the fungus; it also more easily captures certain elements (phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium and potassium) and soil water.
- the protection provided by the fungus makes, in addition, the plant more resistant to changes in temperature and acidification of the soil derived from the presence of sulfur, magnesium and aluminum. Some physiological reactions of the fungus induce the root to remain active for longer than if it were not mycorrhized.
- the endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings influences greater growth and plant yield, which guarantees that mycorrhizae apart from agronomic advantages, considerable moisture savings, fungicidal treatments are deduced and fertilizers.
- the present invention describes an endomicorric inoculant which has as an active principle the fungus of the genus Glomus belonging to Superuk Eukaryota, (Metazoa / Fungi group), Fungi Kingdom, Phylum Glomeromycota, Glomeromycetes Class, Glomeral Order, Glomeraceae Family (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus) that It is native to Mexico and for this reason it has a greater affinity for the crops of our country, feasible to replace international synthetic products, due to the properties it presents, such as being environmentally friendly, non-toxic and more economical.
- This species has been taxonomically characterized by a combination of morphological and molecular techniques.
- the object of the present invention is an inoculant which has the only active ingredient to mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in high concentrations, said inoculant has the advantage of being conveniently applied to the seed or seedlings shortly before sowing. , improves crop development, influences root development, facilitating plant growth, increasing its yield at reduced doses and without the use of chemical fertilizers. It is a technological product whose active ingredient are intraradic Glomus strains with high effectiveness, pure, without contaminants, stabilized and with optimal behavior in the field.
- the patent ES 2 343 235 Al uses a species of mycorrhizal fungus combined with any other microorganisms, in formulations for its application as biofertilizers, inoculants, soil recuperators, phyto-fortifiers, etc., reason that limits its effectiveness when wanting to cover a large number of needs, and also have a greater number of microorganisms that make it a higher priced product and with greater ease of contamination.
- the inoculant object of the invention is composed of the mycorrhizal fungus (spore or hypha) in addition to inert additives, biological nutrients, organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters, which provide nutrition and protection to plants;
- the application of said inoculant is not limited to certain areas of the plant or soil, opening the possibility of a greater spectrum of area of action and better effects than those analyzed in previous patents.
- the presentation of the inoculant can be liquid, solid or semi-solid according to the required needs. It is cheaper than those on the market, it can replace international products, because it has an efficiency of 100% after its application in crops of national importance, the endomicorrhizal microorganism used is native to our country and therefore effective for our horticultural and fruit crops.
- Figure 1 shows the process diagram of the endomicorrhizal inoculant. It consists of 9 steps that are named below: 1- Vegetative propagation, 2- Dispersion of material, 3- Sifting, 4- Drying and aeration, 5- Obtaining spores, 6- Adding inerts, 7- Mixing, 8- Bagging and sealed, 9- Labeling.
- Figure 2 shows an aerial photograph of a seedling of pepper chili plants in in vivo laboratory-level culture with the endomicorrhizal inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus intrar adices).
- Figure 3 shows an aerial frontal photograph of the intraradical colonization of chili pepper roots in in vivo culture with the endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus ⁇ Glomus intrar adices).
- This new endomicorric inoculant whose active ingredient is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus ⁇ Glomus intrar adices), in addition to containing some of the following components in its fomiulation: inert additives such as inorganic materials among which can be used, are peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talcum powder, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite.
- inert additives such as inorganic materials among which can be used, are peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talcum powder, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite.
- the biological nutrients that were used are wheat flour, corn, sorghum, rice, fossilized algae; organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters, which together provide nutrition and protection to plants, when applied (non-limiting example) to vegetable and fruit seedlings.
- Said inoculant is obtained through a process of invention within the research areas of our company, firstly the (1) vegetative propagation is carried out on a pilot scale through an aeroponic culture system whose characteristic is the growth of roots constantly exposed to a chamber of defined moisture of nutrients and water as a substrate; This system has shown promise for the multiplication of spores and root production that grow in the absence of soil and represent clean seedbeds of contamination by nematodes and insects.
- the (2) dispersion of material in HMC (modified hydroxymethyl cellulose) is carried out; not limiting the use of material such as peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talc, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite and clay aggregates that can range from 1 to 15%, preferably to 10% so that the inoculum increases, where roots of inoculated plants are bathed with a thin film of the polysaccharide which acts as an aggregator and slider, then proceeds to a (3) sieving process that provides a high production of fungal spores free of contaminants and a high amount of fragments of roots that remain infective for up to 23 months.
- HMC modified hydroxymethyl cellulose
- the formulation of the inoculant contains strains of high selection and low specificity, which quickly colonize the roots of the new transplants providing the best possible conditions for them and reach a beneficial relationship during the period of establishment.
- sterile inerts which can be from 50 to 85%, preferably 70% with non-contaminating properties and that do not react with the biological material in addition to helping to retain water while maintaining hydration, decrease Transplant stress, as well as release all soluble components.
- a nutrient material is added which can be from 5 to 25%, preferably 20%, said material can be fossilized algae, not limiting to other nutrients.
- Example 1 The endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings influences greater growth and plant yield.
- This inoculant is designed to treat problems (non-limiting explanatory example) in horticultural and fruit seedlings; such as safflower, sunflower, lettuce, melon, cucumber, watermelon, eggplant, chili, tomato, among others; obtaining in some of the tests the following beneficial results with this new formulation:
- the best substrate for seedling growth was peat moss.
- the best dose for seedling growth was found within the range of 300 to 1000 g of Glomus inoculant intraradices, formulated according to the needs of each seedling.
- the inoculant of Glomus intraradices promoted the growth of any of the seedlings evaluated (figures 2 and 3) efficiently compared to the controls, because it allows a greater contact and use of available nutrients. Limiting the use of polluting chemicals.
Abstract
The present invention is a symbiotic inoculant of biological origin that does not harm the environment and contains live, active spores of endomycorrhizal fungi that rapidly colonize the roots of a wide variety of vegetable and fruit species, without limiting other plant crops, providing tolerance against pests and diseases and promoting the exchange of water and nutrients such as phosphorous, calcium, potassium and the like, providing greater tolerance to hydric stress and resistance to root diseases, a process that generates greater growth and crop yield. The arbuscular-mycorrhizae-forming-fungi (Glomus intraradices) contained in the endomycorrhizal inoculant are obtained by means of a vegetative propagation process using an aeroponic growing system that promotes spore multiplication and the production of roOTs that grow in the absence of soil and provide nurseries free from contamination by nematodes and insects.
Description
INOCULANTE ENDOMICORRICICO FORMADOR DE MICORRIZAS ARBUSCULARES APLICADO A PLÁNTULAS DE HORTALIZAS Y FRUTALES INOCULANT ENDOMICORRICICO TRAINER OF ARBUSCULAR MICORRIZES APPLIED TO VEGETABLES OF VEGETABLES AND FRUITS
DESCRIPCIÓN DESCRIPTION
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención provee de un inoculante simbiótico de origen biológico que no daña el ambiente y que contiene esporas de hongos endomicorrícicos que colonizan rápidamente las raíces de una amplia variedad de especies de hortalizas y frutales, proporcionando tolerancia a plagas y enfermedades, favoreciendo el intercambio de agua y nutrientes. Los hongos endomicorrícicos de Glomus intraradices contenidos en el inoculante endomicorricico penetran al interior de las raíces de plantas jóvenes, formando estructuras arbusculares y desarrollan sus filamentos en el suelo, lo que favorece el intercambio de agua y nutrientes. En la simbiosis, la energía se mueve desde la planta hasta el hongo y los recursos inorgánicos y algunos orgánicos se desplazan desde el hongo hacia la planta. Algunas reacciones fisiológicas del hongo, inducen a la raíz a mantenerse activa por más tiempo. The present invention provides a symbiotic inoculant of biological origin that does not damage the environment and that contains spores of endomicorrhizal fungi that rapidly colonize the roots of a wide variety of vegetable and fruit species, providing tolerance to pests and diseases, favoring the exchange of Water and nutrients The intra-radicle fungi of Glomus intraradices contained in the endomicorric inoculant penetrate into the roots of young plants, forming arbuscular structures and develop their filaments in the soil, which favors the exchange of water and nutrients. In symbiosis, energy moves from the plant to the fungus and inorganic resources and some organics move from the fungus to the plant. Some physiological reactions of the fungus induce the root to remain active for longer.
ANTECEDENTES BACKGROUND
Los hongos micorrizas, son simbiosis entre un hongo (mycos) y las raíces (rhizos) de una planta. Las más comunes son los arbusculares, que proporcionan grandes beneficios económicos gracias a su efecto benéfico sobre el crecimiento y la tolerancia al estrés de una gran parte de cultivos. Se estima que entre el 90 y el 95 % de las plantas superiores presentan micorrizas de forma habitual. Es posible que un mismo hongo forme la micorriza con más de una planta a la vez; esto facilita la existencia de plantas parásitas, que extraen todo lo que necesitan del hongo micobionte y las otras plantas con las que éste también establece simbiosis. Gracias a la micorrización, la planta es capaz de explorar más volumen de suelo del que alcanza con sus raíces, al sumársele en esta labor las hifas del hongo; también capta con mayor facilidad ciertos elementos (fósforo, nitrógeno, calcio y potasio) y agua del suelo. La protección brindada por el hongo hace que, además, la planta sea más resistente a los cambios de temperatura y la acidificación del suelo derivada de la presencia de azufre, magnesio y aluminio. Algunas reacciones fisiológicas del hongo inducen a la raíz a mantenerse activa durante más tiempo que si no estuviese micorrizada. En resumen, con esta
invención el inoculante endomicorricico a base de un hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales influye en un mayor crecimiento y rendimiento vegetal, que garantiza que las micorrizas aparte de las ventajas agronómicas, se deduce un ahorro considerable de humedad, tratamientos fungicidas y fertilizantes. Mycorrhizal fungi are symbiosis between a fungus (mycos) and the roots (rhizos) of a plant. The most common are the arbuscular ones, which provide great economic benefits thanks to their beneficial effect on the growth and stress tolerance of a large part of crops. It is estimated that between 90 and 95% of the upper plants present mycorrhizae regularly. It is possible that the same fungus forms the mycorrhizae with more than one plant at a time; This facilitates the existence of parasitic plants, which extract everything they need from the fungus mycobiont and the other plants with which it also establishes symbiosis. Thanks to mycorrhization, the plant is able to explore more volume of soil than it reaches with its roots, by adding to this work the hyphae of the fungus; it also more easily captures certain elements (phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium and potassium) and soil water. The protection provided by the fungus makes, in addition, the plant more resistant to changes in temperature and acidification of the soil derived from the presence of sulfur, magnesium and aluminum. Some physiological reactions of the fungus induce the root to remain active for longer than if it were not mycorrhized. In summary, with this invention the endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings influences greater growth and plant yield, which guarantees that mycorrhizae apart from agronomic advantages, considerable moisture savings, fungicidal treatments are deduced and fertilizers.
La presente invención describe un inoculante endomicorricico que posee como principio activo al hongo del género Glomus que pertenece al Superreino Eukaryota, (grupo Metazoa/Fungi), Reino Fungi, Phylum Glomeromycota, Clase Glomeromycetes, Orden Glomerales, Familia Glomeraceae (hongo micorrícico arbuscular) que es autóctono de México y que por este motivo posee mayor afinidad por los cultivos de nuestro país, factible a sustituir productos sintéticos internacionales, debido a las propiedades que presenta, tales como, ser amigable con el medio ambiente, no toxico y más económico. Esta especie ha sido caracterizada taxonómicamente por una combinación de técnicas morfológicas y moleculares. A diferencia del estado del arte, el objeto de la presente invención es un inoculante que tiene como único activo al hongo micorriza Glomus intraradices en altas concentraciones, dicho inoculante tiene la ventaja de ser aplicado convenientemente a la semilla o a las plántulas poco antes de su sembrado, mejora el desarrollo del cultivo, influye en el desarrollo radicular, facilitando el crecimiento vegetal, aumentando su rendimiento a dosis reducidas y sin necesidad del uso de fertilizantes químicos. Es un producto tecnológico cuyo principio activo son cepas de Glomus intraradices con alta efectividad, puro, sin contaminantes, estabilizado y de óptimo comportamiento en el campo. Existen otros productos y métodos que mencionan múltiples beneficios y que pueden ser considerados sustitutos de este producto, pero las características que poseen cada uno de ellos; varían de nuestro producto el cual presenta como principio activo cepas microbianas autóctonas de México que le confieren al producto propiedades muy especificas que difícilmente pueden llegar a ser sustituidos. The present invention describes an endomicorric inoculant which has as an active principle the fungus of the genus Glomus belonging to Superuk Eukaryota, (Metazoa / Fungi group), Fungi Kingdom, Phylum Glomeromycota, Glomeromycetes Class, Glomeral Order, Glomeraceae Family (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus) that It is native to Mexico and for this reason it has a greater affinity for the crops of our country, feasible to replace international synthetic products, due to the properties it presents, such as being environmentally friendly, non-toxic and more economical. This species has been taxonomically characterized by a combination of morphological and molecular techniques. In contrast to the state of the art, the object of the present invention is an inoculant which has the only active ingredient to mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in high concentrations, said inoculant has the advantage of being conveniently applied to the seed or seedlings shortly before sowing. , improves crop development, influences root development, facilitating plant growth, increasing its yield at reduced doses and without the use of chemical fertilizers. It is a technological product whose active ingredient are intraradic Glomus strains with high effectiveness, pure, without contaminants, stabilized and with optimal behavior in the field. There are other products and methods that mention multiple benefits and that can be considered substitutes for this product, but the characteristics that each of them possess; They vary from our product which presents as an active ingredient native microbial strains from Mexico that give the product very specific properties that can hardly be substituted.
En este sentido se puede citar que muy pocos de los casos se acoplan a las condiciones apropiadas para los cultivos de nuestro país, como se puede observar en algunas patentes, por ejemplo: WO 2004/080920 Al , cuyo producto requiere de un balance de pH a través de un kit con nutrientes hidropónicos para cultivos de plantas internas y de casas verdes. Otro ejemplo es el caso de WO/2006/017361, WO0067581 , WO2004080920, que son patentes que hablan de formulaciones y métodos para el control o supresión de bacterias u hongos patógenos para plantas, incluyendo
Envina amylovora, pero esto implica un mayor conocimiento y práctica para su aplicación. Por otra parte la patente ES 2 343 235 Al , utiliza una especie de hongo micorricico combinado con otros microorganismos cualesquiera, en formulaciones para su aplicación como biofertilizantes, inoculantes, recuperadores de suelos, fítofortifícantes, etc., motivo que limita su efectividad al querer abarcar un gran número de necesidades, y poseer, además un mayor número de microorganismos que lo hacen un producto de precio más alto y con una mayor facilidad de contaminación. In this sense, it can be mentioned that very few of the cases fit the appropriate conditions for the crops of our country, as can be observed in some patents, for example: WO 2004/080920 Al, whose product requires a pH balance through a kit with hydroponic nutrients for crops of internal plants and green houses. Another example is the case of WO / 2006/017361, WO0067581, WO2004080920, which are patents that speak of formulations and methods for the control or suppression of pathogenic bacteria or fungi for plants, including Envy amylovora, but this implies greater knowledge and practice for its application. On the other hand, the patent ES 2 343 235 Al, uses a species of mycorrhizal fungus combined with any other microorganisms, in formulations for its application as biofertilizers, inoculants, soil recuperators, phyto-fortifiers, etc., reason that limits its effectiveness when wanting to cover a large number of needs, and also have a greater number of microorganisms that make it a higher priced product and with greater ease of contamination.
El inoculante objeto de la invención se encuentra compuesto por el hongo (espora o hifa) micorricico además de aditivos inertes, nutrientes biológicos, estabilizadores orgánicos y/o promotores de crecimiento, los cuales proporcionan nutrición y protección a las plantas; la aplicación de dicho inoculante no se limita a ciertas áreas de la planta o suelo, abriendo la posibilidad de mayor espectro de área de acción y mejores efectos que los analizados en las patentes anteriores. La presentación del inoculante puede ser líquida, sólida o semisólida según las necesidades requeridas. Es más económico que los existentes en el mercado, puede llegar a sustituir los productos internacionales, debido a que posee una eficiencia del 100% después de su aplicación en cultivos de importancia nacional, el microorganismo endomicorrícico utilizado es autóctono de nuestro país y por consiguiente eficaz para nuestros cultivos hortícolas y frutales. The inoculant object of the invention is composed of the mycorrhizal fungus (spore or hypha) in addition to inert additives, biological nutrients, organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters, which provide nutrition and protection to plants; The application of said inoculant is not limited to certain areas of the plant or soil, opening the possibility of a greater spectrum of area of action and better effects than those analyzed in previous patents. The presentation of the inoculant can be liquid, solid or semi-solid according to the required needs. It is cheaper than those on the market, it can replace international products, because it has an efficiency of 100% after its application in crops of national importance, the endomicorrhizal microorganism used is native to our country and therefore effective for our horticultural and fruit crops.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La Figura 1 muestra el diagrama de proceso del inoculante endomicorrícico. Consta de 9 pasos que se nombran a continuación: 1- Propagación vegetativa, 2- Dispersión de material, 3- Tamizado, 4- Secado y aireación, 5- Obtención de esporas, 6- Adición de inertes, 7- Mezclado, 8- Embolsado y sellado, 9- Etiquetado. Figure 1 shows the process diagram of the endomicorrhizal inoculant. It consists of 9 steps that are named below: 1- Vegetative propagation, 2- Dispersion of material, 3- Sifting, 4- Drying and aeration, 5- Obtaining spores, 6- Adding inerts, 7- Mixing, 8- Bagging and sealed, 9- Labeling.
La Figura 2 muestra una fotografía aérea de un almácigo de plantas de chile pimiento en cultivo in Vivo nivel laboratorio con el inoculante endomicorrícico a base de un hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares (Glomus intrar adices).
La Figura 3 muestra una fotografía frontal aérea de la colonización intraradical de raíces de chile pimiento en cultivo in Vivo con el inoculante endomicorricico a base de un hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares {Glomus intrar adices). DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN Figure 2 shows an aerial photograph of a seedling of pepper chili plants in in vivo laboratory-level culture with the endomicorrhizal inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus intrar adices). Figure 3 shows an aerial frontal photograph of the intraradical colonization of chili pepper roots in in vivo culture with the endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus {Glomus intrar adices). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Este nuevo inoculante endomicorricico cuyo principio activo es un hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares {Glomus intrar adices), además de contener algunos de los siguientes componentes en su fomiulación: aditivos inertes como materiales inorgánicos entre los que se pueden emplear, están la turba, vermiculita, arcillas, caolines, talco, yuca, tierra de diatomeas, perlita. Dentro de los nutrientes biológicos que se emplearon están las harinas de trigo, maíz, sorgo, arroz, algas fosilizadas; estabilizadores orgánicos y/o promotores de crecimiento, los cuales en conjunto proporcionan nutrición y protección a las plantas, al ser aplicado (ejemplo no limitante) a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales. This new endomicorric inoculant whose active ingredient is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus {Glomus intrar adices), in addition to containing some of the following components in its fomiulation: inert additives such as inorganic materials among which can be used, are peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talcum powder, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite. Among the biological nutrients that were used are wheat flour, corn, sorghum, rice, fossilized algae; organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters, which together provide nutrition and protection to plants, when applied (non-limiting example) to vegetable and fruit seedlings.
Dicho inoculante se obtiene mediante un proceso de invención dentro de las áreas de investigación de nuestra empresa, primeramente se realiza la (1) Propagación vegetativa a escala piloto mediante un sistema de cultivo aeropónico que tiene como característica el crecimiento de raíces expuestas constantemente a una cámara de humedad definida de nutrientes y agua como substrato; este sistema se ha mostrado prometedor para la multiplicación de esporas y producción de raíces que crecen en ausencia de suelo y representan semilleros limpios de contaminación por nemátodos e insectos. Posteriormente se lleva a cabo la (2) dispersión de material en HMC (hidroximetil celulosa modificada); no limitando el uso de material como turba, vermiculita, arcillas, caolines, talco, yuca, tierra de diatomeas, perlita y agregados de arcilla que pueden ir desde 1 hasta 15 %, preferentemente a 10 % para que al expandirse se incremente el inoculo, donde raíces de plantas inoculadas son bañadas con una delgada película del polisacárido el cual actúa como agregante y deslizante, después se procede a un proceso de (3) tamizado que proporciona una alta producción de esporas fúngicas libres de contaminantes y una alta cantidad de fragmentos de raíces que permanecen infectivas hasta por 23 meses. Inmediatamente se lleva a cabo el (4) secado y la aireación de los hongos, estos se conservan en el interior de bolsas selladas adecuadamente, posteriormente se colocan en charolas de plástico adaptada al extremo de esta con una lámpara de brazo movible con foco de 65 watts para una exposición indirecta de luz por 24 horas durante 5 días, hasta obtener la deshidratación del material fúngico o inoculante, para mantener la actividad
de colonizar las raíces. Tras el paso anterior nos encontramos en la (5) obtención de esporas del inoculante endomicorrícico, este es formulado como enmienda para trasplante de suelo, inyectables, preparaciones con residuos vegetales para inocular árboles, vegetación forestal, plantas florales y raíces conteniendo hongos endomicorricicos benéficos activos. La formulación del inoculante contiene cepas de alta selección y de baja especificidad, que rápidamente colonizan las raíces de los nuevos trasplantes proporcionando las mejores condiciones posibles para las mismas y alcanzar una relación benéfica durante el período de establecimiento. Además de ser necesario la (6) adición de inertes estériles, que puede ser desde 50 hasta 85 %, preferentemente 70 % con propiedades no contaminantes y que no reaccionan con el material bilógico además de que ayudan a retener el agua manteniendo la hidratación, disminuir el estrés por el trasplante, así como liberar todos los componentes solubles. Dentro de los inertes también se adiciona un material nutriente que puede ser desde 5 hasta 25 %, preferentemente 20 %, dicho material puede ser algas fosilizadas, no limitando a otros nutrientes. Posteriormente se procede al (7) mezclado de sólidos donde resulta una mejor tasa de sobrevivencia y crecimiento de la formulación o inoculante endomicorrícico. Cuando la formulación del producto esta lista se procede al (8) embolsado y sellado del mismo y finalmente al (9) etiquetado del producto donde se describe la información general, mecanismo de acción, modo de aplicación, fitotoxicidad, contraindicaciones, entre otra información relevante que permite la reducción de riesgos y pérdidas. Ejemplo 1 El inoculante endomicorricico a base de un hongo formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales influye en un mayor crecimiento y rendimiento vegetal. Said inoculant is obtained through a process of invention within the research areas of our company, firstly the (1) vegetative propagation is carried out on a pilot scale through an aeroponic culture system whose characteristic is the growth of roots constantly exposed to a chamber of defined moisture of nutrients and water as a substrate; This system has shown promise for the multiplication of spores and root production that grow in the absence of soil and represent clean seedbeds of contamination by nematodes and insects. Subsequently, the (2) dispersion of material in HMC (modified hydroxymethyl cellulose) is carried out; not limiting the use of material such as peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talc, cassava, diatomaceous earth, perlite and clay aggregates that can range from 1 to 15%, preferably to 10% so that the inoculum increases, where roots of inoculated plants are bathed with a thin film of the polysaccharide which acts as an aggregator and slider, then proceeds to a (3) sieving process that provides a high production of fungal spores free of contaminants and a high amount of fragments of roots that remain infective for up to 23 months. Immediately the (4) drying and aeration of the fungi is carried out, these are preserved inside properly sealed bags, then they are placed in plastic trays adapted to the end of this with a movable arm lamp with focus of 65 watts for an indirect exposure of light for 24 hours for 5 days, until the dehydration of the fungal or inoculant material is obtained, to maintain the activity of colonizing the roots. After the previous step we are in (5) obtaining spores of the endomicorrhizal inoculant, this is formulated as an amendment for soil transplantation, injectables, preparations with plant residues to inoculate trees, forest vegetation, flower plants and roots containing active beneficial endomicorric fungi . The formulation of the inoculant contains strains of high selection and low specificity, which quickly colonize the roots of the new transplants providing the best possible conditions for them and reach a beneficial relationship during the period of establishment. In addition to being necessary the (6) addition of sterile inerts, which can be from 50 to 85%, preferably 70% with non-contaminating properties and that do not react with the biological material in addition to helping to retain water while maintaining hydration, decrease Transplant stress, as well as release all soluble components. Within the inert also a nutrient material is added which can be from 5 to 25%, preferably 20%, said material can be fossilized algae, not limiting to other nutrients. Subsequently, we proceed to (7) mixing of solids where a better survival and growth rate of the formulation or endomicorrhizal inoculant results. When the formulation of the product is ready, proceed to (8) bagging and sealing it and finally to (9) product labeling where the general information, mechanism of action, mode of application, phytotoxicity, contraindications, among other relevant information are described. which allows the reduction of risks and losses. Example 1 The endomicorric inoculant based on an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings influences greater growth and plant yield.
Este inoculante está diseñada para tratar problemas (ejemplo explicativo no limitante) en plántulas hortícolas y frutales; tales como, cártamo, girasol, lechuga, melón, pepino, sandia, berenjena, chile, tomate, entre otros; obteniendo en algunas de las pruebas realizadas los siguientes resultados benéficos con esta nueva formulación: El mejor sustrato para el crecimiento de las plántulas fue peat moss. La mejor dosis para el crecimiento de las plántulas se encontró dentro del rango de 300 a 1000 g de inoculante de Glomus intraradices, formulado de acuerdo a las necesidades de cada plántula. El inoculante de Glomus intraradices promovió el crecimiento cualquiera de las plántulas evaluadas (figura 2 y 3) eficientemente en comparación con los controles, debido a que permite un
mayor contacto y aprovechamiento de los nutrientes disponibles. Limitando el uso de químicos contaminantes.
This inoculant is designed to treat problems (non-limiting explanatory example) in horticultural and fruit seedlings; such as safflower, sunflower, lettuce, melon, cucumber, watermelon, eggplant, chili, tomato, among others; obtaining in some of the tests the following beneficial results with this new formulation: The best substrate for seedling growth was peat moss. The best dose for seedling growth was found within the range of 300 to 1000 g of Glomus inoculant intraradices, formulated according to the needs of each seedling. The inoculant of Glomus intraradices promoted the growth of any of the seedlings evaluated (figures 2 and 3) efficiently compared to the controls, because it allows a greater contact and use of available nutrients. Limiting the use of polluting chemicals.
Claims
1 . Un inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales, caracterizado por ser un producto elaborado a base de un hongo llamado Glomus intraradices autóctono de México. one . An endomicorric inoculant that forms arbuscular mycorrhizae applied to seedlings of vegetables and fruit trees, characterized by being a product made from a fungus called Glomus intraradices autochthonous from Mexico.
2. Un inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque contiene el microorganismo Glomus intraradices autóctono del suelo mexicano aislado, identificado y conservado por nuestra empresa. 2. An arbuscular mycorrhizal endomicorric inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it contains the Glomus microorganism native to the isolated Mexican soil, identified and conserved by our company.
3. Un inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 y 2, caracterizado, por ser un producto que además puede contener algunos de los siguientes componentes como materiales inorgánicos: turba, vermiculita, arcillas, caolines, talco, tierra de diatomeas y perlita, los cuales se emplean como aditivos inertes que pueden ir desde 50 hasta 85 %. 3. An arbuscular mycorrhizal endomicorric inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that it is a product that can also contain some of the following components as inorganic materials: peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins, talc, diatomaceous earth and perlite, which are used as inert additives that can range from 50 to 85%.
4. Un inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 y 2, caracterizado por ser un producto que además puede contener nutrientes biológicos, estabilizadores orgánicos y/o promotores de crecimiento como: harinas de trigo, maíz, sorgo, arroz, algas fosilizadas que pueden ir desde 5 hasta 25 %. 4. An arbuscular mycorrhizal endomicorric inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings in accordance with claim 1 and 2, characterized in that it is also a product that can also contain biological nutrients, organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters such as: wheat flour , corn, sorghum, rice, fossilized algae that can range from 5 to 25%.
5. Un inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 y 2, caracterizado por ser un producto que además puede contener algunos de los siguientes componentes como materiales inorgánicos: turba, vermiculita, arcillas, caolines, talco, tierra de diatomeas, perlita como aditivos inertes, los cuales se pueden usar preferentemente al 70 %. 5. An arbuscular mycorrhizal endomicorric inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings in accordance with claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it is a product that can also contain some of the following components as inorganic materials: peat, vermiculite, clays, kaolins , talc, diatomaceous earth, perlite as inert additives, which can preferably be used at 70%.
6. Un inoculante endomicorricico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 y 2, caracterizado porque además puede contener nutrientes biológicos, estabilizadores orgánicos y/o promotores de crecimiento como: harinas de trigo, maíz, sorgo, arroz, algas fosilizadas que pueden utilizarse preferentemente al 20 %.
6. An arbuscular mycorrhizal endomicorric inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that it can also contain biological nutrients, organic stabilizers and / or growth promoters such as: wheat flour, corn, sorghum , rice, fossilized algae that can preferably be used at 20%.
7. Un inoculante endomicorrícico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 a 6, caracterizado porque además se desarrolla mediante un proceso de propagación vegetativa mediante un sistema de cultivo aeropónico, sistema base de la invención para la multiplicación de esporas y producción de raíces que crecen en ausencia de suelo y representan semilleros limpios de contaminación. 7. An arbuscular mycorrhizal endomycorrhizal inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that it is also developed by a vegetative propagation process by an aeroponic culture system, the base system of the invention for the multiplication of spores and root production that grow in the absence of soil and represent clean seedbeds of contamination.
8. Uso del producto endomicorrícico formador de micorrizas arbusculares aplicado a plántulas de hortalizas y frutales de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 a 7, caracterizado por proteger y fortalecer la resistencia de las plantas vegetales en contra de plagas y enfermedades.
8. Use of the arbuscular mycorrhizal endomycorrhizal product applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings in accordance with claim 1 to 7, characterized by protecting and strengthening the resistance of plant plants against pests and diseases.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MX2011002598A MX2011002598A (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-03-10 | Arbuscular-mycorrhizae-forming endomycorrhizal inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings. |
| MXMX/A/2011/002598 | 2011-03-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012121579A1 true WO2012121579A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/MX2011/000040 WO2012121579A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-04-01 | Arbuscular-mycorrhizae-forming endomycorrhizal inoculant applied to vegetable and fruit seedlings |
Country Status (2)
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| MX (1) | MX2011002598A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012121579A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2996727A1 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-18 | Fabre Pierre Dermo Cosmetique | Use of composition including inoculum of Trichoderma atroviride and Glomus for increasing content of active ingredients e.g. flavonoids, in cereal plants including oats seedlings, wheat, corn, barley, rye, triticale, rice and Sorghum |
| RU2699518C2 (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2019-09-05 | Сумборг С.Л. | Glomus iranicum variety tenuihypharum variety novum strain and its use as biomethacid |
| WO2021049927A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | Biokrone S.A. De C.V. | Plant strengthener based on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae, extracts and plant nutrients |
-
2011
- 2011-03-10 MX MX2011002598A patent/MX2011002598A/en unknown
- 2011-04-01 WO PCT/MX2011/000040 patent/WO2012121579A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
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| HEALD, C. M. ET AL.: "Influence of Glomus intraradices and soil phosphorus on Meloidogyne incognita infecting Cucumis melo.", JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY., vol. 21, no. 1, January 1989 (1989-01-01), pages 69 - 73 * |
| HUNG, L.-L. L. ET AL.: "Production of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum in aeroponic culture.", APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY., vol. 54, no. 2, February 1988 (1988-02-01), pages 353 - 357 * |
| MELGARES DE AGUILAR, J. ET AL.: "Efectos del hongo endomicorricico Glomus intraradices en el cultivo ecologico de lechuga tipo Iceberg.", VI CONGRESO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE AGRICULTURA ECOLOGICA., September 2004 (2004-09-01), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.terra.es/personal8/ocamurcia/lechumico.pdf> [retrieved on 20111122] * |
| MOHAMMAD, A. ET AL.: "C. Improved aeroponic culture of inocula of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.", MYCORRHIZA, vol. 9, no. 6, April 2000 (2000-04-01), pages 337 - 339 * |
| PLENCHETTE, C. ET AL.: "Long-term viability and infectivity of intraradical forms of Glomus intraradices vesicles encapsulated in alginate beads.", MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH., vol. 107, no. 5, May 2003 (2003-05-01), pages 614 - 616 * |
| ST-ARNAUD, M. ET AL.: "Enhanced hyphal growth and spore production of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices in an in vitro system in the absence of host roots.", MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH., vol. 100, no. 3, March 1996 (1996-03-01), pages 328 - 332 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2996727A1 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-18 | Fabre Pierre Dermo Cosmetique | Use of composition including inoculum of Trichoderma atroviride and Glomus for increasing content of active ingredients e.g. flavonoids, in cereal plants including oats seedlings, wheat, corn, barley, rye, triticale, rice and Sorghum |
| RU2699518C2 (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2019-09-05 | Сумборг С.Л. | Glomus iranicum variety tenuihypharum variety novum strain and its use as biomethacid |
| WO2021049927A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | Biokrone S.A. De C.V. | Plant strengthener based on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae, extracts and plant nutrients |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2011002598A (en) | 2012-10-02 |
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