WO2012117592A1 - 高体温治療剤 - Google Patents
高体温治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012117592A1 WO2012117592A1 PCT/JP2011/070077 JP2011070077W WO2012117592A1 WO 2012117592 A1 WO2012117592 A1 WO 2012117592A1 JP 2011070077 W JP2011070077 W JP 2011070077W WO 2012117592 A1 WO2012117592 A1 WO 2012117592A1
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- derivative
- desacyl ghrelin
- body temperature
- amino acid
- pharmaceutically acceptable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- A61K38/22—Hormones
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an animal body temperature lowering agent and a hyperthermia therapeutic agent, and more specifically, desacyl ghrelin for maintaining life by suppressing a decrease in body temperature or suppression of an increase in body temperature of an animal suffering from heat stroke or the like.
- the present invention relates to a hypothermia agent and a hyperthermia therapeutic agent containing the derivative as an active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a method for lowering body temperature of animals, a method for treating hyperthermia, etc., comprising administering the substance to an individual.
- Animals have body temperature control functions such as sweating, and can keep body temperature constant regardless of temperature and weather fluctuations.
- the animal's body temperature may become abnormally high. In this case, it is necessary to promptly detect an animal change and take measures to lower the body temperature.
- an increase in temperature is expected, if the body temperature can be lowered in advance, it is useful for animal physical condition management.
- treatment can be performed before the body temperature rises to lethal body temperature.
- heat stroke in which the body temperature may reach 40 ° C. or higher, the possibility of animal death increases. Therefore, a means for preventing heat stroke including heat stroke is strongly desired.
- Ghrelin is a hormone discovered in the stomach in 1999, having an amino acid sequence consisting of 28 residues, and the third amino acid from the N-terminal of the sequence is acylated with a fatty acid. It is a peptide having a structure (Non-patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1). Ghrelin acts as a growth hormone secretagogue receptor receptor 1a (GrowthrmHormone Secretagogue- Receptor 1a: GHS-R1a) (Non-Patent Document 2), which promotes the secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland. It is a tube hormone.
- GH growth hormone
- Ghrelin is an endogenous GHS-R ligand for GHS-R1a, which was first isolated and purified from rats, then vertebrates other than rats, such as humans, mice, pigs, chickens, cattle, horses, sheep, dogs, cats, etc. Is also known, the amino acid sequence of ghrelin having a similar primary structure (Patent Document 1).
- Desacyl ghrelin is a peptide in which fatty acids are eliminated from ghrelin. Desacyl ghrelin has little affinity for GHS-R1a and has little activity to enhance the secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary gland (J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 89: 3062-5 ( 2004). Broglio, F. et al.). There is also a report that desacyl ghrelin has an appetite lowering effect (Clin. Nutr., 29: 227-34 (2010), Perboni, S. & Inui, A.).
- Non-patent Document 9 ghrelin has an effect of increasing appetite, increasing body weight and body fat by subcutaneous administration. It has been clarified (Non-Patent Document 9).
- ghrelin has a GH secretion promoting action and an appetite enhancing action, and the action of burning fat through the action of GH to convert it into energy, or expressing the anabolic action of GH to strengthen muscles, promotes appetite It is expected that it can be more effectively extracted (Non-patent Document 10).
- an Example is not described, there exists an application which can anticipate the body temperature reduction effect
- Non-patent Document 11 As an action of desacyl ghrelin, an influence on cancer cell proliferation has been suggested (Non-patent Document 12).
- the present invention relates to a hypothermia agent and a hyperthermia therapeutic agent comprising animal desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof as an active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a method for lowering body temperature of animals, a method for treating hyperthermia, etc., comprising administering the substance to an individual.
- the present inventors can reduce body temperature or increase body temperature by administering a drug containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient to an animal (individual). It was found that it can be used to treat animals suffering from hyperthermia such as heat stroke.
- the present invention relates to an animal body temperature-lowering agent containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a therapeutic agent for hyperthermia for animals containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the present invention also relates to a method for lowering body temperature for animals, comprising administering desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to an individual.
- the present invention also relates to a method for treating hyperthermia for animals, comprising administering desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to an individual.
- the present invention also relates to desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof used for lowering the body temperature of an animal.
- the present invention also relates to desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in treating hyperthermia in animals.
- the present invention also relates to desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable product thereof for producing an animal body temperature-lowering agent containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- salt related to the use of salt.
- the present invention also relates to desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmacological thereof for producing a therapeutic agent for hyperthermia for animals containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. Relating to the use of acceptable salts. From the above, the present invention more specifically relates to the following matters.
- An animal body temperature-lowering agent containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient is an animal selected from the group consisting of humans, dogs, cats, mice, rats, rabbits, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, monkeys.
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3)
- the body temperature lowering agent according to 3) above, wherein the basic amino acid is lysine or arginine.
- the body temperature lowering agent according to any one of 1) to 4) above, which contains desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient in an amount of 0.001 mg to 1000 mg per dose unit.
- a therapeutic agent for hyperthermia for animals containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3)
- the therapeutic agent for hyperthermia according to 6) or 7) above, which is desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof selected from the group consisting of peptides amidated. 9)
- the therapeutic agent for hyperthermia according to 8) above, wherein the basic amino acid is lysine or arginine.
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3)
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3) 21.
- the desacyl ghrelin according to 21) or 22) above which is desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof selected from the group consisting of amidated peptides. A derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in treating hyperthermia in animals are an animal selected from the group consisting of human, dog, cat, mouse, rat, rabbit, cow, horse, pig, sheep and monkey Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of 28) Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3)
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3)
- the animal body temperature-lowering agent comprises 0.001 mg to 1000 mg per dose unit containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- the animal body temperature-lowering agent comprises 0.001 mg to 1000 mg per dose unit containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
- Use of salt Use of salt. 37) The use according to 36) above, wherein the animal is an animal selected from the group consisting of human, dog, cat, mouse, rat, rabbit, cow, horse, pig, sheep, monkey.
- Desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof is (1) a peptide having the amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, and (2) an amino acid sequence described in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18, starting from the N-terminus.
- amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence up to the 4th amino acid on the N-terminal side, and having one or several amino acids deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 5th to C-terminal (3) a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide of (2), and (4) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence of the peptide of (2) or (3)
- one dose unit refers to the dose of drug per administration.
- a drug containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient according to the present invention exerts a body temperature lowering effect on the animal by being administered to various animals. Can do. Furthermore, in addition to treating animals already suffering from hyperthermia such as heat stroke using the drug, by administering the drug to the animal in advance, the body temperature of the animal can be lowered to fall into hyperthermia. Can be prevented.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a body temperature lowering effect upon intraperitoneal administration of desacyl ghrelin to a normal-temperature rat.
- ⁇ indicates when desacyl ghrelin is administered
- ⁇ indicates when ghrelin is administered
- ⁇ indicates when physiological saline is administered.
- the vertical axis represents changes in rat body temperature (° C.)
- the horizontal axis represents elapsed time (minutes) after injection.
- the back body temperature is 37.6 ⁇ 39.2 °C
- the tail body temperature is 32.6 ⁇ 34.4 °C.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a body temperature lowering effect upon intraperitoneal administration of desacyl ghrelin to a normal-temperature rat.
- ⁇ indicates when desacyl ghrelin is administered
- ⁇ indicates when ghrelin is administered
- ⁇ indicates when physiological saline is administered.
- the vertical axis represents changes in rat body temperature (° C.)
- the horizontal axis represents elapsed time (minutes) after injection.
- the back body temperature is 37.6 ⁇ 39.2 °C
- the tail body temperature is 32.6 ⁇ 34.4 °C.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a body temperature lowering effect when desacyl ghrelin is administered intraventricularly to a normal temperature rat.
- ⁇ indicates when desacyl ghrelin is administered, ⁇ indicates when ghrelin is administered, and ⁇ indicates when physiological saline is administered.
- the vertical axis represents the change in rat body temperature (° C.), and the horizontal axis represents the elapsed time (minutes) after injection.
- the back body temperature at the time of injection (0 minutes) is 37.6 ⁇ 9.239.2 °C.
- Animal body temperature can be measured using a known method.
- the body temperature of the animal may be a deep body temperature or a body surface temperature.
- Examples of the method for measuring deep body temperature include measurement of rectal temperature with a thermometer.
- Examples of the method for measuring body temperature on the body surface include a method in which a thermometer is brought into contact with a certain part of the body surface of an animal, thermography, and the like. When measuring the temperature of the body surface by thermography, any part such as the back or tail can be measured.
- the deep body temperature refers to the temperature inside the body measured by the rectal temperature of the animal
- the body temperature of the body surface refers to the temperature of the body surface measured from the skin surface of the animal.
- the animal to be administered with the hypothermia or hyperthermia treatment agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a spinal animal, and various types such as humans; mammals other than humans such as pigs and cows; birds such as chickens. Is mentioned. Among them, animals that change their body temperature due to sudden changes in temperature, such as humans, dogs, cats, rabbits, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, monkeys, etc. are preferred because they are mainly active outdoors. Dogs, cats, cows, horses, etc. Pigs and sheep are particularly preferred.
- the animal to which the body temperature lowering agent or therapeutic agent for hyperthermia of the present invention is administered may have a body temperature at normal room temperature or higher than normal room temperature.
- normal room temperature means the body temperature maintained within the fixed range by the body temperature adjustment function of the animal.
- the normal room temperature varies depending on the measurement site and the time period during which the measurement is performed, but is determined within a certain range depending on the type of animal.
- the normal room temperature for rats is 37-38 ° C. (deep body temperature)
- the normal room temperature for humans is 34-37 ° C. (surface body temperature)
- the normal room temperature for cats is 38.1-39.2 ° C. (deep body temperature).
- the normal temperature of cattle (for meat) is 36.7-39.1 ° C (deep body temperature)
- the normal temperature of cattle (for milk) is 38.0-39.3 ° C (deep body temperature).
- the normal room temperature for dogs is 37.9-39.9 ° C (deep body temperature)
- the normal room temperature for goats is 38.5-39.7 ° C (deep body temperature)
- the normal room temperature for horses is 37.2 ⁇ 38.2 ° C (deep body temperature)
- normal temperature of pigs is 38.7-39.8 ° C (deep body temperature)
- normal temperature of sheep is 38.5-39.9 ° C (deep body temperature).
- Symptoms judged to be exposed to heat stress include faster breathing, longer standing time, and drooling in dairy cows (Chikusan Club 21, No. 73, 2011) April issue).
- the decrease in conception rate during artificial insemination (AI) is regarded as a serious problem not only in Japan but also in other countries (Chikusan Club 21, No. 74, June 2011 issue). If the body temperature can be lowered in the summer, when there is a decline, there is a possibility of improvement.
- Hyperthermia refers to a condition in which the ability to regulate body temperature has occurred and the deep body temperature has risen beyond normal maintenance by homeostasis. Hyperthermia can occur exogenously depending on environmental conditions, while it can occur secondarily due to endogenous heat production (Resuscitation (2005) 67S1, S135-170). Environmental hyperthermia occurs when heat (usually in the form of radiant heat) is absorbed more than is dissipated by the thermoregulatory function. Hyperthermia is a series of heat-related diseases that begins with heat stress, progresses to heat fatigue, heat stroke, and can eventually lead to multiple organ failure or cardiac arrest (Bouchama A, Knochel JP .: New England Journal of Medicine; 346: 1978-88 (2002)).
- hyperthermia When the body temperature of an animal becomes higher than normal room temperature, various disorders occur in the brain, nerves, internal organs, motor organs, and the like. Symptoms of hyperthermia include, for example, convulsions, fainting, dizziness, fatigue, collapse, headache, nausea, vomiting, delirium, coma, and increased body temperature. Among hyperthermia, heat stroke and sunstroke, which are severe cases of heat stroke, and hyperthermia during anesthesia are serious disease states with extremely high mortality. If hyperthermia persists for a certain period of time, blood clotting, multiple organ failure, etc. may occur and the animal may die.
- Hyperthermia occurs when an animal is placed in a hot environment such as high temperature and high humidity, so that the heat exhausted by sweating cannot catch up and the body heats up, or the body temperature rises abnormally due to surgery. appear.
- the conditions for falling into hyperthermia vary depending on the target animal. Examples include a case where the outside air temperature is 5 ° C. or more higher than the body temperature and the humidity exceeds 70% for 30 minutes or more.
- a condition for humans to suffer from hyperthermia for example, a case where the temperature is 28 ° C. or higher and the humidity is 75% or higher can be cited.
- a condition for the rat to suffer from hyperthermia for example, a case where the rat is placed in a condition where the temperature is 33 ° C. or higher and the humidity is 60% or more is given for 30 minutes or more.
- Examples of the substance that can be used in the present invention include desacyl ghrelin or a substance having binding activity at a desacyl ghrelin binding site. Whether the substance has the activity of desacyl ghrelin can be confirmed by examining the binding activity to the desacyl ghrelin binding site using labeled desacyl ghrelin. That is, whether a test substance acts on a desacyl ghrelin-binding site present in rat fetal spinal cord cells and has “the activity of substituting labeled desacyl ghrelin” is determined by using a known technique. It can be easily determined by simply measuring the radioactivity.
- the activity of 125I-labeled desacyl ghrelin bound to the binding site in a solution that does not contain desacyl ghrelin, and the change that decreases the radioactivity of the binding site by replacing desacyl ghrelin with 125I-labeled desacyl ghrelin can be used.
- a method in which a fraction obtained by solubilizing the cell membrane of rat fetal spinal cord cells and 125I-labeled desacyl ghrelin are incubated and combined, and evaluation by radiography after the electrophoresis can be applied.
- a substance that can be used in the present invention is desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- “desacyl ghrelin” is desacyl ghrelin derived from various animals. Desirably, it is desacyl ghrelin derived from various animals such as humans, dogs, cats, pigs, cows, sheep, horses, monkeys, goats, rabbits, mice, rats, chickens, and particularly any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18.
- Peptides having the sequence are desirable and specifically have the following sequences:
- GSSFLSPEHQRVQQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (SEQ ID NO: 1) : GSSFLSPEHQRVQ-RKESKKPPAKLQPR (SEQ ID NO: 2) Canine: GSSFLSPEHQKLQQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (SEQ ID NO: 3) : GSSFLSPEHQKLQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (SEQ ID NO: 4) Cat (Feline): GSSFLSPEHQKVQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (SEQ ID NO: 5) Porcine: GSSFLSPEHQKVQQRKESKKPAAKLKPR (SEQ ID NO: 6) Bovine: GSSFLSPEHQKLQRKEAKKPSGRLKPR (SEQ ID NO: 7) Sheep (Ovine): GSSFLSPEHQKLQRKEPKKPSGRLKPR (SEQ ID NO: 8) Equine: GSSFLSPEHHKVQHRKESKKPPAKLK
- “desacyl ghrelin derivative” includes (1) the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 18 having an amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the fourth amino acid on the N-terminal side; A desacyl ghrelin derivative comprising a peptide having an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted and / or added in the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the fifth to C-terminal; (2) A desacyl ghrelin derivative consisting of a peptide in which 1 or 2 basic amino acids are added to the C-terminus of the peptide, or (3) the C-terminus of the amino acid sequence is amidated in the peptide of (1) or (2) Examples thereof include desacyl ghrelin derivatives composed of peptides. Other desacyl ghrelin derivatives can be easily designed with reference to the description in Patent Document 1, for example.
- the number of amino acids deleted in the “peptide having an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted and / or added” is the amino acid sequence set forth in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 18 Or less than the number obtained by subtracting 4 from the number of amino acids constituting. That is, the number of amino acids to be deleted is not particularly limited as long as the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the fourth amino acid is retained in the peptide, and preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24 amino acids are deleted, substituted, and / or added. Can do.
- amino acids constituting the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NOs: 16 and 17 among 24 amino acids constituting the amino acid sequence, 4 amino acids constituting the amino acid sequence from the N-terminal to the 4th amino acid From 1 to 20 amino acids except amino acids can be deleted, substituted and / or added.
- substitution with an amino acid having similar properties (charge and / or polarity) or the like is considered not to lose the desired function even if a large number of amino acids are substituted.
- Examples of the basic amino acid include asparagine, glutamine, lysine, arginine, ornithine, and lysine or arginine is particularly preferable.
- desacyl ghrelin derived from the animal to be administered may be used, or desacyl ghrelin derived from a different species from the animal to be administered may be used. It is preferable to use desacyl ghrelin.
- cat-derived desacyl ghrelin a peptide consisting of the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 5 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof
- a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence described in 4 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is preferably administered.
- the desacyl ghrelin and derivatives thereof according to the present invention can be obtained by a conventional method (see, for example, J. Med. Chem., 43, pp. 4370-4376, 2000, Patent Document 1).
- it can be isolated from natural sources or can be produced by recombinant DNA techniques and / or chemical synthesis.
- a host cell transformed with an expression vector having a DNA encoding the peptide compound of the present invention is cultured, and the target peptide compound is collected from the culture.
- the peptide compound according to the present invention can also be obtained.
- Examples of the vector into which the gene is incorporated include E. coli vectors (pBR322, pUC18, pUC19, etc.), Bacillus subtilis vectors (pUB110, pTP5, pC194, etc.), yeast vectors (YEp type, YRp type, YIp type), or animal cells. These vectors (retrovirus, vaccinia virus, etc.) can be used, and any other vector can be used as long as it can stably hold the target gene in the host cell.
- the vector is introduced into a suitable host cell.
- a method for incorporating a target gene into a plasmid or a method for introducing it into a host cell for example, the method described in Molecular Clonin (Sambrook et al., 1989) can be used.
- a promoter is connected upstream of the gene so as to function.
- the promoter used in the present invention may be any promoter as long as it is appropriate for the host cell used for expression of the target gene.
- the host cell to be transformed is Escherichia, lac promoter, trp promoter, lpp promoter, ⁇ PL promoter, recA promoter, etc.
- it is Bacillus
- SPO1 promoter, SPO2 promoter, etc. can be used.
- GAP promoter, PHO5 promoter, ADH promoter and the like can be used, and in the case of animal cells, SV40-derived promoter, retrovirus-derived promoter and the like can be used.
- the host cell is transformed with the vector containing the target gene obtained as described above.
- bacteria for example, Escherichia genus, Bacillus genus, etc.
- yeast Sacharomyces genus, Pichia genus, Candida genus, etc.
- animal cells CHO cells, COS cells, etc.
- a liquid medium is suitable as a medium for culturing, and it is particularly preferable that the medium contains a carbon source, a nitrogen source and the like necessary for the growth of the transformed cells to be cultured. If desired, vitamins, growth promoting factors, serum and the like can be added.
- the peptide according to the present invention is separated and purified from the culture by a conventional method.
- a protein denaturant eg, guanidine hydrochloride
- the cells or cells are collected after culturing, suspended in a buffer solution containing a protein denaturant (eg, guanidine hydrochloride), and then the cells by ultrasound.
- the cells are disrupted and then centrifuged.
- gel filtration, ultrafiltration, dialysis, SDS-PAGE various chromatographies are performed in consideration of the molecular weight, solubility, charge (isoelectric point), affinity, etc. of the target substance. Separation and purification methods such as chromatography can be appropriately combined.
- the desacyl ghrelin and derivatives thereof according to the present invention can be chemically synthesized by a conventional method.
- an amino acid with a protecting group is condensed by a liquid phase method and / or a solid phase method, the peptide chain is extended, all protecting groups are removed with an acid, and the resulting crude product is purified by the above purification method. Can be obtained.
- peptide production various methods have already been known for peptide production, and the peptide according to the present invention can also be easily produced according to known methods.
- classical peptide synthesis methods may be used, or solid phase methods may be used. Can also be easily manufactured.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is preferable.
- a salt with an inorganic base a salt with an organic base, a salt with an inorganic acid, and an organic acid And salts with basic or acidic amino acids.
- the salt with an inorganic base include alkali metal salts such as sodium salt and potassium salt; alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salt and magnesium salt; and aluminum salt and ammonium salt.
- salt with an organic base examples include salts with trimethylamine, triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, N, N′-dibenzylethylenediamine and the like.
- salt with inorganic acid examples include salts with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and the like.
- Suitable examples of salts with organic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, fumaric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p -Salts with toluenesulfonic acid and the like.
- salts with basic amino acids include salts with arginine, lysine, ornithine and the like
- salts with acidic amino acids include salts with aspartic acid and glutamic acid, for example. It is done. Of these salts, sodium salt and potassium salt are most preferable.
- a drug according to the present invention containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient comprises a pharmacologically acceptable carrier, excipient, filler, etc. and the active ingredient. It can be used for individuals (eg, humans, dogs, cats, mice, rats, rabbits, cows, horses, pigs, sheep, monkeys, etc.) after mixing.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier various organic or inorganic carrier substances commonly used as pharmaceutical materials are used. Excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants in solid preparations; solvents, dissolution aids in liquid preparations , Suspending agent, isotonic agent, buffering agent, soothing agent and the like. Further, if necessary, preparation additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, sweeteners and the like can be used.
- Preferable examples of the excipient include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, starch, crystalline cellulose, light anhydrous silicic acid and the like.
- Preferable examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc, colloidal silica and the like.
- Preferable examples of the binder include crystalline cellulose, sucrose, D-mannitol, dextrin, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like.
- disintegrant examples include starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, croscarmellose sodium, carboxymethyl starch sodium and the like.
- solvent examples include water for injection, alcohol, propylene glycol, macrogol, sesame oil, corn oil and the like.
- solubilizer examples include polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, D-mannitol, benzyl benzoate, ethanol, trisaminomethane, cholesterol, triethanolamine, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate and the like.
- Suitable examples of the suspending agent include surfactants such as stearyltriethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, laurylaminopropionic acid, lecithin, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, and glyceryl monostearate;
- surfactants such as stearyltriethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, laurylaminopropionic acid, lecithin, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, and glyceryl monostearate
- hydrophilic polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylcellulose.
- Preferable examples of the isotonic agent include sodium chloride, glycerin, D-mannitol and the like.
- Preferable examples of the buffer include buffer solutions such as phosphate, acetate, carbonate, citrate and the like.
- Preferable examples of the soothing agent include benzyl alcohol.
- Preferable examples of the preservative include paraoxybenzoates, chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, sorbic acid and the like.
- Preferable examples of the antioxidant include sulfite and ascorbic acid.
- the administration method of the drug of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- parenteral administration methods for animal individuals include intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intraperitoneal injection, nasal administration, pulmonary administration, suppository administration, and eye drop administration. Among them, injection into a vein, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, or intramuscularly is preferable because it can quickly exert a body temperature lowering effect.
- oral administration method for an animal individual include administration of a liquid and mixed administration.
- the dose of the drug is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use or the age, weight, individual type, symptom, condition, concomitant drug, etc. of the individual to be administered.
- desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient in a range of 0.001 mg to 1000 mg per dose. More preferably, it is administered at a dose of 0.01 to 100 mg mg per mg.
- the drug may be administered as long as a predetermined amount can be administered to the animal, and the predetermined amount may be administered once or may be divided into a plurality of times.
- the administration of the drug may be completed once, or may be repeated several times. In the case of repeated administration multiple times, it may be administered once to several times per day, and this may be performed over 1 day to 1 week. It is preferable to administer 2 to 3 times per day, which is performed over about 1 to 3 days.
- the timing of administration of the drug is not particularly limited, and is preferably at or just before the time when a decrease in body temperature is required because the effect of decreasing the body temperature is exhibited 10 to 60 minutes after administration to the animal.
- the drug of the present invention exhibits an excellent body temperature lowering effect as compared with a drug containing ghrelin as an active ingredient. That is, in the case of a symptom that has a serious effect on life and death such as hyperthermia, the body temperature of the animal can be rapidly reduced. In addition, it is possible to reduce the body temperature of an animal whose animal temperature is desired to be reduced as necessary during the hot summer season.
- administration of the drug of the present invention to an animal increased the temperature of the peripheral part of the animal, which promoted the dissipation of body temperature. That is, the drug acts on the peripheral or central nervous system and activates heat radiation from the periphery of the animal, thereby efficiently discharging the heat in the body to the outside.
- medical agent can exhibit the body temperature reduction effect
- the pharmaceutical dosage form of the present invention is preferably a dosage form suitable for oral administration, and examples of the dosage form suitable for oral administration include syrup, tablet, capsule and the like.
- the pharmaceutical dosage form of the drug of the present invention is preferably a dosage form suitable for parenteral administration.
- Examples of the pharmaceutical dosage form suitable for parenteral administration include intravenous administration, intradermal administration, subcutaneous administration, and intramuscular administration. Examples include injections, instillations, suppositories, eye drops, transdermal absorption agents, transmucosal absorption agents, inhalants, and the like.
- the above-mentioned injection preparation forms are preferred, and the individual is particularly a companion for dogs, cats, etc.
- preparation forms such as transmucosal absorbents, inhalants, suppositories, eye drops and the like are also preferable.
- formulation forms are known to those skilled in the art, and those skilled in the art appropriately select a formulation form suitable for the desired administration route, and if necessary, one or more formulation additives available in the art. Can be used to produce a pharmaceutical composition or a therapeutic agent.
- drugs in the form of injections, drops, or eye drops are substances that act on the active site of desacyl ghrelin binding sites, desacyl ghrelin and appropriate buffers, sugar solutions, isotonic agents, pH regulators Dissolve one or more pharmaceutical additives such as soothing agents, preservatives, etc. in distilled water for injection and sterilize (filter) filtration, then pack in ampoules or vials, or freeze dry the sterilized filtered solution It can be prepared and provided by making it a dry preparation.
- additives include sugars such as glucose, mannitol, xylitol, and lactose; hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene glycol; alcohols such as glycerol; amino acids such as glycine; proteins such as serum albumin; NaCl and sodium citrate Salts such as acetic acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, etc .; surfactants such as Tween 80; reducing agents such as sodium sulfite can be used.
- Such a preparation can be used as an injection or an infusion by adding and dissolving distilled water for injection or physiological saline at the time of use.
- intranasal administration agents such as nasal drops or intranasal sprays are suitable, and inhalants are also suitable for transpulmonary administration.
- the content of desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in one preparation is preferably 0.001 mg to 1000 mg, more preferably 0.01 mg to 100 mg.
- the agent of the present invention contains desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, preferably 0.001 to 100 mg, more preferably 0.01 to 10 mg per dose unit.
- the preparation is preferably administered once to several times a day.
- Example 1 Body temperature lowering action of desacyl ghrelin in normal-temperature rats
- rat-derived desacyl ghrelin SEQ ID NO: 14
- Rat-derived desacyl ghrelin (chemical synthesis: Peptide Institute) was purchased, and rat-derived desacyl ghrelin for administration containing 0.1 mg / vial of rat-derived desacyl ghrelin was prepared.
- male Wistar rats (9-10 weeks old) were used. The animals were administered by dissolving 0.6 mL of physiological saline per 0.1 mg of rat-derived desacyl ghrelin.
- Administration to the animals was performed once by intraperitoneal injection or intraventricular injection.
- the dose was 3 nmol / rat for intraperitoneal administration and 0.5 nmol / rat for intracerebroventricular administration, regardless of the body weight of the animal. Rats weighed between 350.2 and 375.8g.
- thermography was performed by calculating the temperature of the back of the animal for 1 hour at 1 minute intervals using FLIR SC620 (software name: FLIR Rsearch IR) manufactured by FLIR.
- the body temperature measured by thermography was shown by the increase / decrease from the average value of 10 minutes before intraperitoneal injection as 0. Rectal temperature was measured with a small animal body temperature controller ATC-101B manufactured by Unique Medical. The life and death of the animals were confirmed by comprehensively judging heartbeat, respiration and body temperature fluctuations, activity amount, response to physical stimulation, and the like.
- Rats were injected intraperitoneally with 3 nmol / rat rat desacyl ghrelin.
- 3 nmol / rat rat-derived ghrelin (a peptide compound in which the hydroxyl group of the side chain of the serine residue located third from the amino terminus in SEQ ID NO: 14 is acylated with an n-octanoyl group)
- rats were injected intraperitoneally with a laboratory, prepared in the same manner as desacyl ghrelin.
- rats were injected intraperitoneally with 200 ⁇ l / rat physiological saline.
- 0.5 nmol / rat rat-derived desacyl ghrelin was administered intraventricularly to rats.
- 0.5 nmol / rat ghrelin derived from the rat was intraventrally administered to the rat.
- 200 ⁇ l / rat physiological saline was administered to the rats intracerebroventricularly.
- the body temperature of the back and tail was measured by thermography. The results are shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG.
- the desacyl ghrelin administration group it was found that the back body temperature decreased by 0.3 to 0.8 ° C. from 5 to 60 minutes after intraperitoneal injection compared to the physiological saline administration group (FIG. 1). Furthermore, it was found that the tail body temperature was increased by administration of desacyl ghrelin, and the heat dissipation effect was superior to that of ghrelin (FIG. 2). Further, the desacyl ghrelin administration group exhibited a higher body temperature lowering effect than the ghrelin administration group from 10 minutes to 30 minutes after intraventricular injection (FIG. 3). From the above, it was found that administration of desacyl ghrelin rapidly decreases the body temperature of a normal room temperature animal.
- Example 2 The test method for suppressing the increase in body temperature of desacyl ghrelin in hyperthermic rats was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 unless otherwise specified.
- the laboratory was maintained at a temperature of 33-35 ° C, the humidity was increased from 30% (initial) to 75% (at the end), and gradually changed to a hot and humid state. Rats were brought into the laboratory. Three rats were housed in a poly cage. Thirty minutes after the rats were brought into a high temperature laboratory, 10 nmol / rat desacyl ghrelin derived from rats was injected intraperitoneally. As a control, rats were injected intraperitoneally with 200 ⁇ l / rat saline.
- the body temperature of the rat increased to around 39 ° C. and the activity of the rat decreased. From 50 minutes (20 minutes after intraperitoneal injection) to 110 minutes (80 minutes after intraperitoneal injection), the body temperature of rats in the desacyl ghrelin group decreases 0.3-1.2 ° C compared to the saline group Was found (p ⁇ 0.05 or 0.01). In addition, at 130 minutes (100 minutes after intraperitoneal injection), 2 of 3 rats died in the control group, whereas all 3 rats survived in the desacyl ghrelin group. From the above, it has been found that administration of desacyl ghrelin can suppress an increase in body temperature of hyperthermia such as heat stroke. Moreover, it turned out that the survival rate of the animal of the hyperthermia state, such as heat stroke, can be improved by administration of desacyl ghrelin.
- a drug containing desacyl ghrelin or a derivative thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient exhibits a body temperature lowering effect when administered to various animals. This is industrially useful.
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Abstract
Description
熱中症の予防や対策のため、環境省から熱中症環境保健マニュアルが出されている。
ヒトのみならず、ウシ、ブタ及びニワトリの畜産動物において、熱中症で死亡するケースが増加しているとの記事がある(2010年9月3日産経新聞)。2010年7月1日から8月15日の間に、熱射病などで死亡、廃用された乳用牛959頭、肉用牛235頭、豚657頭、ブロイラー28万9千羽、採卵鶏13万6千羽に達している(熊本県中央家保ニュース Vol.5, 8月号(2010))。ウシ、ブタ及びニワトリ等の畜産動物は、少しの不調でも商品価値に影響が及び、仮に死亡した場合には一頭あたり数百万円に及ぶ経済的損失が出る。また、イヌ、ネコ等の伴侶動物の場合、少しの不調により飼い主の生活に大きな影響を与える。このように、動物の健康管理は、社会一般に大きな課題となっている。
さらに、夏の高温多湿期には畜産生産性や品質が低下することが知られている。暑熱ストレス下では、精子産生、卵子成熟、胎児発育、胎児成長、胎盤成熟などが低下し、妊娠率が低下する(Nabenishi H. et al.: J. Reprod. Dev. (2001) Apr. 9, E. Pub.)。高温期間が続くため、増体、泌乳量、産卵率が低下するとともに、乳質(乳脂率)、肉質が低下する(地球温暖化に対応した農林水産研究開発ビジョン p.10(H.22.3 山形県農林水産部))。暑熱環境下における家禽・家畜の生産性低下は、体温の上昇と密接に関係している(野中ら:地球環境(2009)14: 215 - 222)。 従って、夏季の暑熱期に畜産動物の体温を低下させることができれば、畜産生産性の向上につながることが期待される。
デスアシルグレリンはグレリンと同様に心筋細胞のアポトーシス抑制を介して心筋保護に働くことが報告され(非特許文献3)、細胞増殖や細胞死などの細胞の運命に関わっていることが示唆されている。デスアシルグレリンは前立腺がん細胞に対して増殖抑制作用を示すことが報告されており(非特許文献4)、GHS-R 1a以外の受容体に作用するものと考えられている。デスアシルグレリンの摂食行動に及ぼす影響については、亢進と抑制の両方の報告があり、デスアシルグレリンの過剰発現は体形が小型になりIGF-1が低下しているとの報告がある(非特許文献5)。
一方、本発明者らは、妊娠母動物羊水中にグレリン及びデスアシルグレリンが存在し、その機能や役割を考慮して検討した結果、胎児の皮膚細胞にGHS-R1aが存在すること及びデスアシルグレリンが胎児皮膚細胞の増殖作用を有することを見出した(非特許文献11)。その他、デスアシルグレリンの作用としては、癌細胞増殖に及ぼす影響などが示唆されている (非特許文献12)。
また、本発明はデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用高体温症治療剤に関する。
また、本発明はデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を個体に投与することを特徴とする動物用高体温症治療方法に関する。
また、本発明は動物の高体温症を治療するために使用するデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩に関する。
また、本発明はデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用体温低下剤を製造するためのデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩の使用に関する。
また、本発明はデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用高体温症治療剤を製造するためのデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩の使用に関する。
以上のことから、本発明はより具体的には以下の事項に関する。
2)動物がヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記1)に記載の体温低下剤。
4)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記3)に記載の体温低下剤。
5)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mg含有する上記1)~4)のいずれかに記載の体温低下剤。
6)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用高体温症治療剤。
7)動物がヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記6)に記載の高体温症治療剤。
8)デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である上記6)又は7)に記載の高体温症治療剤。
9)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記8)に記載の高体温症治療剤。
10)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mg含有する上記6)~9)のいずれかに記載の高体温症治療剤。
11)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を個体に投与することからなる動物の体温低下方法。
12)動物が、ヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記11)に記載の体温低下方法。
13)デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である上記11)又は12)に記載の体温低下方法。
15)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mgとして個体に投与することからなる上記11)~14)のいずれかに記載の体温低下方法。
16)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を個体に投与することからなる動物の高体温症の治療方法。
17)動物が、ヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記16)に記載の高体温症の治療方法。
18)デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である上記16)又は17)に記載の高体温症の治療方法。
19)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記18)に記載の高体温症の治療方法。
20)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mgとして個体に投与することからなる上記16)~19)のいずれかに記載の高体温症の治療方法。
21)動物の体温を低下させるために使用するデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
22)動物が、ヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記21)に記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
23)デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である上記21)又は22)に記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
24)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記23)に記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
25)1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mgとして個体に投与することにより動物の体温を低下させるために使用する上記21)~24)のいずれかに記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
27)動物が、ヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記26)に記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
28)デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である上記26)又は27)に記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
29)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記28)に記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
30)1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mgとして個体に投与することにより動物の高体温症を治療するために使用する上記26)~29)のいずれかに記載のデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
31)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用体温低下剤を製造するためのデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩の使用。
32)動物が、ヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記31)に記載の使用。
33)デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である上記31)又は32)に記載の使用。
34)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記33)に記載の使用。
35)動物用体温低下剤がデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mg含有する体温低下剤である上記31)~34)のいずれかに記載の使用。
36)デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用高体温症治療剤を製造するためのデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩の使用。
37)動物が、ヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である上記36)に記載の使用。
39)上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである上記38)に記載の使用。
40)動物用高体温症治療剤がデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mg含有する高体温症治療剤である上記36)~39)のいずれかに記載の使用。
本発明の体温低下剤又は高体温症治療剤の投与対象である動物は、体温が平常温であってもよいし、平常温より高くてもよい。
例えば、暑熱ストレスに曝されているが、異常な高体温に至っていないケース等は高体温に至らないような処置を行うことが考えられる。暑熱ストレスに曝されていると判断される症状としては、乳牛であれば、呼吸が速くなる、立っている時間が長くなる、よだれを垂らすなどがある(ちくさんクラブ21,No.73,2011年4月号)。
また、人工授精(AI)時の受胎率低下は、国内だけでなく、諸外国でも深刻な問題としてとらえられているため(ちくさんクラブ21,No.74,2011年6月号)、妊娠率が低下する夏季に体温を低下させることができれば改善の可能性が考えられる。
動物の体温が平常温より高くなることで、脳、神経、内臓及び運動器官等に様々な障害が発生する。高体温症の症状として、例えば痙攣、失神、眩暈、疲労感、虚脱感、頭痛、吐気、嘔吐、せん妄、昏睡、体温上昇等が挙げられる。高体温症の中でも、熱中症の重症例である熱射病及び日射病、並びに麻酔時高体温症は、死亡率が極めて高い重篤な病態である。高体温症が一定時間持続すると、血液凝固や多臓器不全等が起こり、動物が死亡する場合もある。
高体温症に陥る条件としては、対象動物により様々であるが、例えば外気温が体温より5℃以上高く、湿度が70%を超える条件に30分以上おかれた場合等が挙げられる。ヒトが高体温症に陥る条件として、例えば気温28℃以上、湿度75%以上の条件におかれた場合等が挙げられる。またラットが高体温症に陥る条件として、例えば気温33℃以上、湿度60%以上の条件に30分以上おかれた場合等が挙げられる。
特に本発明において用い得る物質として好ましいものはデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩である。
:GSSFLSPEHQRVQ-RKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号 2)
イヌ(Canine) :GSSFLSPEHQKLQQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号 3)
:GSSFLSPEHQKLQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号 4)
ネコ(Feline) :GSSFLSPEHQKVQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号 5)
ブタ(Porcine) :GSSFLSPEHQKVQQRKESKKPAAKLKPR (配列番号 6)
ウシ(Bovine) :GSSFLSPEHQKLQRKEAKKPSGRLKPR (配列番号 7)
ヒツジ(Ovine) :GSSFLSPEHQKLQRKEPKKPSGRLKPR (配列番号 8)
ウマ(Equine) :GSSFLSPEHHKVQHRKESKKPPAKLKPR (配列番号 9)
サル(Monkey):GSSFLSPEHQRAQQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号10)
ヤギ(Goat) :GSSFLSPEHQKLQ-RKEPKKPSGRLKPR (配列番号11)
ウサギ(Rabbit):GSSFLSPEHQKVQQRKESKKPAAKLKPR (配列番号12)
マウス(Mouse) :GSSFLSPEHQKAQQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号13)
ラット(Rat) :GSSFLSPEHQKAQQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号14)
:GSSFLSPEHQKAQRKESKKPPAKLQPR (配列番号15)
ニワトリ(Chicken):GSSFLSPTYKNIQQQKGTRKPTAR (配列番号16)
:GSSFLSPTYKNIQQQKDTRKPTAR (配列番号17)
:GSSFLSPTYKNIQQQKDTRKPTARLH (配列番号18)
(上記表記において、アミノ酸残基は一文字標記により表している。)
例えば配列番号16及び17(ニワトリ)で表されるアミノ酸配列からなるペプチドでは、当該アミノ酸配列を構成する24個のアミノ酸のうち、N末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列を構成する4個のアミノ酸を除く1~20個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加することができる。
また、性質(電荷及び/又は極性)の似たアミノ酸への置換等であれば、多数のアミノ酸が置換されていても、所望の機能を消失しないと考えられる。
以上の塩の中でも特にナトリウム塩、カリウム塩が最も好ましい。
また必要に応じて、防腐剤、抗酸化剤、着色剤、甘味剤などの製剤添加物を用いることもできる。
滑沢剤の好適な例としては、例えばステアリン酸マグネシウム、ステアリン酸カルシウム、タルク、コロイドシリカなどが挙げられる。
結合剤の好適な例としては、例えば結晶セルロース、白糖、D-マンニトール、デキストリン、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ポリビニルピロリドンなどが挙げられる。
溶剤の好適な例としては、例えば注射用水、アルコール、プロピレングリコール、マクロゴール、ゴマ油、トウモロコシ油などが挙げられる。
緩衝剤の好適な例としては、例えばリン酸塩、酢酸塩、炭酸塩、クエン酸塩などの緩衝液などが挙げられる。
無痛化剤の好適な例としては、例えばベンジルアルコールなどが挙げられる。
抗酸化剤の好適な例としては、例えば亜硫酸塩、アスコルビン酸などが挙げられる。
薬剤の投与は、1回で終わってもよく、複数回繰り返し投与してもよい。また、複数回繰り返し投与する場合は、1日あたり1回~数回を投与してもよく、これを1日~1週間にかけて行ってもよい。1日あたり2~3回を投与し、これを1日~3日間程度にかけて行うことが好ましい。
本発明の薬剤の製剤形態としては、非経口投与に適する製剤形態が好ましく、非経口投与に適する製剤形態としては、例えば、静脈内投与、皮内投与、皮下投与、又は筋肉内投与用等の注射剤、点滴剤、坐剤、点眼剤、経皮吸収剤、経粘膜吸収剤又は吸入剤などを挙げることができるが、上記注射剤の製剤形態が好ましく、特に個体がイヌ、ネコ等の伴侶動物であり在宅治療の場合には経粘膜吸収剤、吸入剤、坐剤、点眼剤等の製剤形態も好ましい。これらの製剤形態は当業者に種々知られており、当業者は所望の投与経路に適する製剤形態を適宜選択し、必要に応じて当該技術分野で利用可能な1又は2以上の製剤用添加物を用いて医薬用組成物又は治療剤を製造することが可能である。
本実施例ではデスアシルグレリンとしてラット由来デスアシルグレリン(配列番号14)を用いた。ラット由来デスアシルグレリン(化学合成:ペプチド研究所)を購入し、0.1mg/バイアルのラット由来デスアシルグレリンを含有する投与用ラット由来デスアシルグレリンを調製した。
動物として、Wistar系ラット(9~10週齢)の雄を用いた。
動物に対し、ラット由来デスアシルグレリン0.1mg あたり生理食塩水 0.6 mL で溶解して投与した。
動物に対する投与は、腹腔内注射又は脳室内注射により1回行った。投与量は、動物の体重によらず腹腔内投与では 3 nmol/rat、脳室内投与では 0.5 nmol/rat とした。ラットの体重は 350.2 ~ 375.8g であった。
直腸温は、ユニークメディカル社製の小動物体温コントローラ ATC-101Bにより測定した。
動物の生死は、心拍、呼吸及び体温の変動、並びに活動量、物理的刺激に対する反応等を総合的に判断し確認した。
同様に、0.5nmol/ratのラット由来デスアシルグレリンをラットに脳室内投与した。対照として、0.5nmol/ratの上記ラット由来グレリンをラットに脳室内投与した。また、コントロールとして200μl/ratの生理食塩水をラットに脳室内投与した。
本実施例において、サーモグラフィにより背部及び尾部の体温を測定した。結果を図1、図2及び図3に示す。
以上より、デスアシルグレリンの投与により、平常温の動物の体温が速やかに低下することが分かった。
実験方法は、特記ない限り実施例1と同様に行った。
実験室を温度33~35℃に保ち、湿度は30%(初期)から75%(終了時)に上昇させ、高温多湿状態に徐々に変化させていった。上記実験室内にラットを搬入した。ラットは3匹ずつポリケージに収容した。高温の実験室にラットを搬入してから30分間経過後、10nmol/ratのラット由来デスアシルグレリンを、ラットに腹腔内注射した。コントロールとして、200μl/ratの生理食塩水をラットに腹腔内注射した。
経過時間110分間(腹腔内注射後80分)において、ラットを実験室から室温に移した。経過時間130分(腹腔内注射後100分)において、ラットの生死を目視及び触診により確認した。
本実施例において、体温は直腸温により測定した。結果を表1に示す。
以上より、デスアシルグレリンの投与により、熱中症等の高体温症状態の動物の体温上昇を抑制しうることが分かった。また、デスアシルグレリンの投与により、熱中症等の高体温症状態の動物の生存率を向上しうることが分かった。
Claims (12)
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用体温低下剤。
- 動物がヒト、イヌ、ネコ、マウス、ラット、ウサギ、ウシ、ウマ、ブタ、ヒツジ、サルからなる群から選択される動物である請求項1に記載の体温低下剤。
- デスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体が、(1)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(2)配列番号1~18のいずれかに記載のアミノ酸配列においてN末端から4番目のアミノ酸までのアミノ酸配列をN末端側に有し、且つN末端から5番目~C末端までのアミノ酸配列において1又は数個のアミノ酸が欠失、置換及び/又は付加されたアミノ酸配列を有するペプチド、(3)当該(2)のペプチドにおいてC末端に1又は2個の塩基性アミノ酸が付加されたペプチド、及び(4)当該(2)又は(3)のペプチドにおいてアミノ酸配列のC末端がアミド化されたペプチドからなる群から選択されるデスアシルグレリン又はその誘導体である請求項1又は2に記載の体温低下剤。
- 上記塩基性アミノ酸がリジン又はアルギニンである請求項3に記載の体温低下剤。
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として1ドーズユニットあたり0.001 mg ~ 1000 mg含有する請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の体温低下剤。
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用高体温症治療剤。
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を個体に投与することからなる動物の体温低下方法。
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を個体に投与することからなる動物の高体温症の治療方法。
- 動物の体温を低下させるために使用するデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
- 動物の高体温症を治療するために使用するデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩。
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用体温低下剤を製造するためのデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩の使用。
- デスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する動物用高体温症治療剤を製造するためのデスアシルグレリン若しくはその誘導体又はそれらの薬学的に許容される塩の使用。
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WO2005039625A1 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2005-05-06 | Rheoscience A/S | Growth hormone secretagogue receptor agonists |
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2011
- 2011-09-02 WO PCT/JP2011/070077 patent/WO2012117592A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-09-02 JP JP2013502135A patent/JP5999712B2/ja active Active
- 2011-09-02 US US14/002,570 patent/US9555077B2/en active Active
- 2011-09-02 BR BR112013021859A patent/BR112013021859A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-09-02 AU AU2011361144A patent/AU2011361144A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2016037498A (ja) * | 2014-08-05 | 2016-03-22 | 学校法人東京農業大学 | 熱中症予防剤、3−ヒドロキシアシルCoA脱水素酵素活性化剤、及び食品 |
Also Published As
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AU2011361144A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
BR112013021859A2 (pt) | 2016-10-25 |
US9555077B2 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
JPWO2012117592A1 (ja) | 2014-07-07 |
JP5999712B2 (ja) | 2016-09-28 |
US20150238570A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
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