WO2012104447A1

WO2012104447A1 - Retaining module

Info

Publication number: WO2012104447A1
Application number: PCT/ES2012/000016
Authority: WO
Inventors: Agustín PRIETO MORENO
Original assignee: Prieto Moreno Agustin
Priority date: 2011-02-04
Filing date: 2012-01-25
Publication date: 2012-08-09
Also published as: EP2672015A1; ES2386787B1; EP2672015A4; BR112013019186A2; ES2386787A1; US20140010599A1; PE20141427A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a retaining module (1) that can be used as an auxiliary retaining and securing element in the construction and conservation of embankments, levelled ground, walls, etc. and, more generally, for building different types of constructions. The module (1) is essentially in the shape of an L having a long segment (2) and a short segment (3) that substantially form a right angle, the connection therebetween being reinforced with a chamfer (4). In addition, the base (5) of the long segment (2) has a rough texture in order to increase friction with the earth.

Description

CONTAINMENT MODULE

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is a containment module applicable as an auxiliary containment and fixation element in the execution and conservation of embankment, clearing, walls, etc., and more generally for the construction of various types of civil works. The field of the invention, therefore, is the manufacturing industry of prefabricated concrete modules for construction.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A plurality of prefabricated pieces are currently known, which are primarily intended for the formation of walls. A first technique is called Tierra Armada, and uses flat plates of reinforced concrete that are placed vertically to form a wall that contains the ground. The thrust of the same on the plates is balanced by the traction that is generated in horizontal strips of a certain length anchored in them, as a result of their friction with the surrounding terrain.

There are also known walls made up of elongated reinforced concrete pieces, with or without buttresses, which are placed in an upright position and consolidated by concreting the foundation and, where appropriate, part of the buttress.

All currently existing parts counteract only the horizontal forces, also requiring a subsequent concreting or the use of strapping, as the case may be, as a necessary complement to achieve this purpose. The proposed containment module, however, acts by balancing the thrusts both horizontal as vertical at the same time, to obtain a complete fixation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The containment module of the present invention solves the above drawbacks since, on the one hand, it does not require any concreting or subsequent operation and on the other, the L-shape itself of said module allows counteracting both vertical and horizontal forces , thus achieving a total fixation of the land in the area of action. Consequently, we obtain a complete solution reducing materials, specialized labor, necessary machinery and thus reducing costs and execution time.

The containment module of the present invention is intended, in general, for its installation, with a rotating excavator, which allows the three necessary tasks: prior excavation and preparation of the support esplanade, placement of the piece in its definitive location and subsequent filling, thus avoiding the use of an auxiliary crane.

The containment module of the present invention is manufactured in such a way that it is suitable for land containment work in civil works, that is, it has the dimensions and strength required for the containment of lands subject to various stresses that tend to deform them. Preferably, it is made of prefabricated reinforced concrete, varying the amount of steel to be assembled in relation to the value of the said acting tension and this, in turn in general, with the height of the earth that supports the pieces.

Although, a preferred embodiment is the aforementioned reinforced concrete, it would also be possible to manufacture it in other materials according to each specific use, such as plastic to play construction games in the sand of the beaches. Note that in this case corresponding to semi-saturated sands, the friction requirement is lower due to the meniscus forces that previously hold sand grains together, and therefore the support side may be smaller.

The module of the invention is essentially L-shaped with a section long and a short section substantially forming a right angle between them and their union being reinforced by a chamfer. In addition, to increase friction with the ground and avoid possible landslides, the lower surface of the long section has a rough texture. Preferably, the length of the long section is approximately 80% greater than that of the short section.

Basically, the long section of this module (which is placed in a horizontal position as a rule) allows to increase the stability before the vertical forces, distributing the load and thus reducing the tension acting on the ground. The short section (consequently placed vertically) will also increase the horizontal stability, resisting horizontal thrusts by friction provided by the bottom of the piece with the ground. In short, the module provides a complete and fixing joint action in the area where it operates.

The modules can be grouped in various ways: laterally attached, one on top of the other to form a high-rise wall, staggered in the form of a slope, etc., depending on the type of solution sought for each problem. Optionally, you can achieve the union of several modules in different relative positions, by means of a round of steel that penetrates with some clearance in some holes arranged for this purpose in the areas of each piece, these being assembled in a semi-rigid way ideal for its function in a field that will always be subject to certain deformations. This joint will be used when it is necessary to enhance the overall structural strength of the pieces or take care of their completion.

According to a preferred embodiment, the containment module comprises holes in its lateral faces to allow the connection of two adjacent modules attached by means of the aforementioned rounds. It is thus possible to form a straight wall where the modules are connected to each other. Also, as will be explained later in this document, curved walls could be built. In another preferred embodiment, the containment module comprises holes located in the upper and lower portions of the short section to allow the joining of overlapping modules. This allows the union of a module that is placed on top of another for the formation of walls or stirrups.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the containment module may comprise holes in the front and rear end edges of the long section to allow the joining of facing modules - for example on raised platforms without increasing width - by round steel of a certain length. length anchored in the holes with resin.

As a rule, the module of the invention preferably comprises two mechanics located substantially in the center of the long section and in the center of the short section respectively, in order to avoid the destabilizing effect of the sub-pressures that the infiltrated water can cause.

In all the aforementioned cases and before proceeding with the filling of material to finish the action, it is necessary to place in the joints between pieces and where the mechinals go strips of draining geotextile type sheet, in order to prevent the material from escaping.

On the other hand, another preferred embodiment of the invention is directed to a module whose long section has a thickness that decreases in the direction of its free end. That is, the long section is "sharp", which allows its placement on the ground by means of a "driving" procedure. This procedure allows to install the modules in a simple, fast and above all, without having to carry out a previous excavation that can cause the collapse of the area in very precarious equilibrium cases. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the length of the long section decreases or increases in the direction of its free end. That is, the long section or base of the module becomes trapezoidal. This allows to attach several modules laterally forming a curved wall: if the end of the long section is wider, the center of curvature of this wall will be on the other side of the module where the aforementioned long section is located; on the other hand, ^" extreme length of the long section is narrower, the center of curvature will be on the same side where the aforementioned long side is located. Optionally, to provide this curved wall with adequate stiffness and overall stability, each module can be attached to the adjacent module by means of the steel rounds described above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figs. 1a and 1b respectively show a top and bottom perspective view of the containment module of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a first example of application of the module of the invention to the construction of a bridge.

Fig. 3 shows an example of application of the module of the invention to the construction of a green wall.

Fig. 4 shows an example of application of the module of the invention to the construction of a breakwater wall.

Fig. 5 shows an example of application of the module of the invention to the elevation of a road keeping its width. Fig. 6 shows the use of the modules of the invention for the correction of crowning landslides in coronation.

Fig. 7 shows the use of the modules of the invention for the correction of landslides.

Fig. 8 shows an example of application of the module of the invention to the discharge of runoff with great loss of load.

Figs. 9a and 9b represent the formation of a curved wall using the modules (1) of the invention.

Fig. 10 shows the configuration of a module of the invention suitable for use with the "drive" method.

Fig. 11 shows the own pieces to form the corners in the vertical walls.

Figs. 12a and 12b show two views illustrating the use of the modules of the invention for the over-elevation of channels and consequent flood protection.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION The invention is described below with reference to the attached figures. In particular, Figs. 1a and 1b show individual views of the module (1) of the invention where the different parts that comprise it are appreciated. It is observed how the long side (2) and the short side (3) are joined forming an approximately right angle, where a chamfer (4) is incorporated to ensure the joint. The base (5) of the long section has a rough surface to increase friction with the ground and thus avoid the running of the module of the invention.

Some holes for optional use have also been drawn that allow the module (1) to be attached to other modules (1) according to different configurations that will be described in more detail below. For example, the holes (6a, 6b, 6c) located in the side edges of the module (1) allow joining several modules (1) adjacent to each other, the holes (7a, 7b) located in the upper and lower edge of the Short section (3) allows to join several modules (1) superimposed on one another, and the holes (8a, 8b) located in the front and rear edge of the long section (2) allow to join several modules in two relative positions: one forming a "shortened" T and another forming a "channel" attached to the piece in L (1). They have also represented a pair of mechinales (9a, 9b) each located in the center of one of the sections (2, 3), which allow the evacuation of infiltrated water in the ground. Although only those holes have been represented, it understand that it would be possible to add the holes you want according to the arrangement to be used.

Several practical examples of use of the module (1) of the invention are described below. Fig. 2 shows an example of a wall formation, for example for the formation of a bridge or trench. In this example, the superstructure (100) of a bridge that rests on a volume of land is supported by four modules (1) according to the invention. The modules (1) are supported one above the other and, although not explicitly shown in this drawing, are fixed using round steel through the holes (7a, 7b) shown in Figs. 1a and 1b.

Fig. 3 shows an example of the formation of a green wall suitable for gardening or the construction of housing developments using the module (1) of the invention. In this case, the modules (1) are arranged stepwise, each of them holding a part of the total land volume. This construction allows trees or other vegetation to be arranged in the horizontal space that remains between one module (1) and the next. Fig. 4 shows an example of construction of a breakwater wall suitable for water channels or for erosion protection. The modules (1) are arranged in a manner similar to that of Fig. 3, although in this case the horizontal space between one module (1) and the next is filled with breakwater.

Fig. 5 shows an example of a road elevation (101). Two rows of modules are used, arranged one above the other, leaving the ground trapped between them. Although it is not shown, it is understood that the modules are joined in the direction of the road (101) by means of steel rounds that are housed in the holes (6a, 6b), while the vertical connection is made thanks to the holes (7a , 7b). Likewise, each two modules facing each other can be joined using round ones of a certain length that are fixed by resin in the holes (8a, 8b). It is thus possible to raise the road (101), for example directly above an existing road (101 '), without the need to extend the width of the road. An improvement in the drainage of the track is also achieved.

Fig. 6 shows how the module (1) of the invention can be used for the correction of landslides in embankments. In the event that landslides are detected, for example when cracks (102) are discovered next to the road (101) in coronation or on the support, several modules can be placed with the long section (2) in the direction of the road (101) to serve as land support. Fig. 7 shows how modules (1) are used to correct landslides in clearings. In this case, the long section (2) is in the opposite direction to the road (101), thus leaving the volume of land that constitutes the perfectly secured clearing. Fig. 8 represents an arrangement of modules (1) according to the invention that allows the pouring of runoff creating buffers that achieve a great loss of load.

Figs. 9a and 9b show how modules (1) whose long section (2) has a trapezoidal shape for the construction of curved walls can be used. In particular, Fig. 9a shows a plan view of one of these modules (1) where it is seen how the width of the long side (2) decreases in the direction of its free end. Thus, by forming a wall consisting of a plurality of these modules (1) arranged next to each other, the curvature shown in Fig. 9b is achieved.

Fig. 10 shows a profile view of a module (1) according to the invention whose long section (2) has a thickness that decreases in the direction of its free end. As previously mentioned, this allows the module (1) to be introduced in the field using the procedure known as "hinca".

When it is desired to lift a wall using these modules (1), corner pieces formed by a module (1) provided with an additional section (10) perpendicular to the long (2) and short (3) sections are sometimes necessary. ), which gives this particular module (1) a "tryro" form, as shown in Fig. 11.

Finally, in Figs. 12a and 12b we see the possibility of quickly forming a screen to avoid flooding due to the growth of certain channels. The modules (1) are placed in this case attached with the joints of the short side sealed with a strip of waterproof adhesive sheet (13) and with an overweight (12) placed on its long side (2) to ensure the stability to slip before the underpressure action caused by the water infused in the base. The increase in channel achieved by applying the modules (1) of the invention to this case has been marked in the figures. In addition, in the present application the modules (1) would be reusable.

Claims

1. Containment module (1) for land containment work in civil works, characterized in that it is essentially L-shaped with a long section (2) and a short section (3) that form substantially a right angle whose joint is reinforced by a chamfer (4), and where the base (5) of the long section (2) has a rough texture to increase friction with the ground.

2. Containment module (1) according to claim 1, wherein the long section (2) is approximately 80% longer than the short section ().

3. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, which is made of reinforced concrete.

4. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, which is made of plastic material.

5. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, comprising holes (6a, 6b, 6c) made in the side edge of the module to allow the joining of two adjacent modules (1).

6. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising holes (7a, 7b) located in the upper and lower parts of the short section (3) to allow the joining of overlapping modules (1) .

7. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising holes (8a, 8b) located in the front and rear edge of the long section (2) to allow the joining of modules (1) arranged symmetrical T-shaped townhouses "shortened" or forming a "channel" attached to a piece in L.

8. Containment module (1) according to any of the The preceding claims, further comprising a mechinal (9a) located substantially in the center of the long section (2) and a mechinal (9b) located substantially in the center of the short section (3).

9. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the long section (2) decreases in the direction of its free end to allow its placement on the ground by means of a "driving" procedure.

10. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the width of the long section (2) decreases or increases in the direction of its free end to allow the placement of several modules (1) attached side by side forming a curve.

11. Containment module (1) according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an additional section (10) perpendicular to the long (2) and short (3) sections, providing the module (1) with a form of own trihedron to form corners or wall finishes.