WO2012104191A1 - Boucle de recyclage pour pile a combustible - Google Patents
Boucle de recyclage pour pile a combustible Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012104191A1 WO2012104191A1 PCT/EP2012/051197 EP2012051197W WO2012104191A1 WO 2012104191 A1 WO2012104191 A1 WO 2012104191A1 EP 2012051197 W EP2012051197 W EP 2012051197W WO 2012104191 A1 WO2012104191 A1 WO 2012104191A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- loop
- recycling
- way valve
- cathode
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04402—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/0441—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04514—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of anode exhausts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04761—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell exhausts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fuel cells, particularly but not exclusively to electrolyte type fuel cells in the form of a polymer membrane (ie PEFC type for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell).
- a fuel cell generally comprises the series combination of unitary elements, which each consist essentially of an anode and a cathode separated by a polymer membrane allowing the passage of ions from the anode to the cathode .
- the objective of the present invention is to achieve sophisticated management of gas recirculation and purges or atmospheres required, whether in operating in the regime or in the start-up or extinguishing phase, without multiplying the pumps which are rather bulky and expensive organs.
- the invention proposes a recycle loop for a gas circuit of a fuel pi, the recycling loop forming a connecting pipe starting at the output of one of the two anode or cathode circuits of said fuel cell. and terminating on one of the two supply circuits, either on the fuel gas supply channel or on the combustion gas supply channel, respectively, said recycling loop ensuring the recycling of the gas contained in the anode circuits.
- said recycling loop comprising a recirculation pump ensuring the recycling of the gas contained in the anode or cathode circuits of the fuel cell, characterized in that the recycling loop comprises a valve with several channels dividing said recycling loop into a first section and a second section, said multi-way valve having a first position of stable use, called positi recycling, ensuring continuity between the first and second sections of said recycling loop and having a second stable use position simultaneously ensuring the interruption of said continuity between the first and second sections of said recycling loop and an implementation contact with the atmosphere of said recycling loop operated by maneuvering said multi-way valve.
- the multi-way valve is a three-way valve.
- examples implementing such a valve will be described.
- the present invention does not exclude the use of other types of valves, for example an arrangement of two two-way valves instead of a three-way valve, or any other arrangement of one or more multi valves. -voies.
- the pump installed in the recycling loop is capable of ensuring the recycling of the gas contained in the anode or cathode circuits of the fuel cell when the valve is in the first position, and is capable of extracting or injecting gas when the valve is in second position;
- the invention makes it possible to use a single pump to perform the functions of recycling in normal operation of the fuel cell and the function of extraction, of fuel gas, during particular phases of operation, such as a shutdown cycle. of the fuel cell.
- This arrangement applies, on the anode circuit side, indifferently to the batteries supplied with atmospheric air as combustion gas and to the batteries supplied with oxygen for the cathode side.
- the present invention relates both to pure oxygen supplied batteries for the cathode side, but also to the batteries supplied with atmospheric air for this cathode side.
- the invention also makes it possible to use a single pump, to perform the stirring function for homogenization of the gas in the cathode circuit, as well as the air injection function during particular phases of operation such as a cycle. stopping the fuel cell.
- This provision applies, on the cathodic circuit side, indifferently to the batteries supplied with atmospheric air as combustion gas and with the batteries supplied with pure oxygen.
- the same pump also provides the recycling function in normal operation of the battery.
- the invention also extends to a particular procedure for stopping a fuel cell comprising the characteristics described above, the shutdown procedure comprising the following actions:
- Figure 1 is a diagram of a fuel cell according to the invention, supplied with pure oxygen;
- Figure 2 is a diagram of a fuel cell according to the invention, supplied with ambient air;
- Figure 3 is a diagram of an alternative embodiment of a fuel cell according to the invention, supplied with ambient air;
- Figure 4 shows the evolution of different parameters during the extinction of a fuel cell as shown in Figure 1;
- Figure 5 shows a flowchart of the stopping procedure of a fuel cell according to the invention.
- a fuel cell 1a of the electrolyte type in the form of a polymer membrane (ie PEFC type for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell or PEM for Proton Exchange Membrane).
- the fuel cell 1a is supplied by two gases, namely the fuel (the hydrogen stored or manufactured on board the vehicle) and the oxidizer (in this example, pure oxygen) which feed the electrodes of the electrochemical cells.
- An electric charge 14 is connected to the fuel cell 1a by an electrical line 10.
- Figure 1 shows only the elements of the gas circuits useful for understanding the invention.
- the installation illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a supply circuit 11 of fuel gas side anodes.
- a tank 1 1T of pure hydrogen H 2 is connected to the inlet of the anode circuit of the fuel cell 1 by means of a supply pipe which passes through a shut-off valve 1 10, then by a valve of pressure regulation 117, then by an ejector 1 13, then by a supply channel 1 1A fuel gas leading to the anodes.
- a pressure reducer (not shown) is placed between the tank 11 T and the shut-off valve 1 10.
- Part of the supply circuit 11 hydrogen (fuel) a loop 1 1 R hydrogen recycling not consumed by the fuel cell, connected to the output of the anode circuit of the fuel cell 1a.
- the recycle loop 1 1 R forms a connection line beginning at the output of the anode circuit of the fuel cell 1a and ends on the fuel gas supply channel 1 1A on the ejector 113.
- the ejector 1 13 ensures the recycling of fuel gas not consumed by the fuel cell and the mixture with fresh fuel gas from the tank 1 1 T of pure hydrogen H 2 .
- the recycling loop comprises a pump 1 15 for forced and controlled recycling of gas not consumed by the fuel cell.
- the recycling loop comprises a three-way valve 1 19 dividing said recycling loop 11 R into a first section 11 R1 and a second section 11 January R2.
- the pump 115 By positioning the three-way valve 119 on its first position (recycling position), the pump 115 is used for the recirculation function of the fraction of unused fuel gas during the crossing of the anode circuit of the Fuel cell.
- the three-way valve 1 19 When stopping the fuel cell, it may be necessary to extract hydrogen forcibly out of the anode circuit. In this case, by positioning the three-way valve 1 19 in its second position, it ensures the interruption of the communication of the recycle loop to the ejector 113.
- the first section 1 1 R1 is isolated from the second section 1 1 R 1 of the recycle loop 1 1 R.
- the first section 1 1 R1 is then brought into contact with the atmosphere, via a first purge pipe 11 D which leads to an orifice 112 for venting.
- the pump 1 15 is used for the function of extracting fuel gas during a stopping phase of the fuel cell.
- the recycle loop 1 1 R comprises a water separator 114, installed on the first section 11 R1 of the recycle loop 1 1 R.
- a second purge pipe 11 C is installed under the separator d 1 14.
- a cut-off valve 1 18 is installed on this second purge pipe 1 1 C. This leads to the same orifice 1 12 venting.
- the additional accumulation chamber of fuel gas 1 16 could be disposed at any location of the fuel gas supply system, that is to say at any point between the valve 1 and the fuel cell 1, even on the recycle circuit 1 1 R, or on the circuit between the water separator 114 and the ejector 1 13. However it is interesting to place it at a location of the circuit where the pressure is higher to reduce the volume or, at the same volume, so as to store a larger amount of hydrogen. On the other hand, the position upstream of the pressure regulating valve makes possible a controlled discharge of said accumulation chamber.
- the installation illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a pure oxygen supply circuit 12 used as a combustion gas.
- a tank 12T of pure oxygen O 2 is connected to the input of the cathode circuit of the fuel cell 1a by means of a supply pipe 12A which passes through a shut-off valve 128 and then by a control valve pressure 127, then by an ejector 123, and leads to the cathodes of the fuel cell.
- a pressure regulator (not shown) is placed between the tank 12T and the shut-off valve 128.
- Part of the oxygen supply channel 12 is a 12Ra recycling loop of the gas contained in the cathode circuit of the fuel cell 1a, connected to the output of the cathode circuit of the fuel cell 1a.
- the recycling loop 12Ra comprises a three-way valve 129 dividing said recycling loop 12Ra into a first section 12R1a and a second section 12R2a.
- a water separator 124 is installed on the recycling loop 12Ra on the first section 12R1a of the recycling loop 12Ra upstream of the three-way valve 129.
- a purge line 12C is connected under the water separator. This purge pipe 12C results in a shut-off valve 122 that is operated when it is necessary to purge the cathode circuit or empty the separator 124.
- the recycling loop 12Ra forms a connecting line beginning at the output of the cathode circuit of the fuel cell 1a and ends on the supply channel 12A oxygen on the ejector 123.
- the ejector 123 provides recycling unconsumed oxygen and mixing with fresh oxygen from the reservoir.
- the recycle loop 12Ra includes a pump 125.
- An air supply line 12D starting at a vent port 126, is connected to the three way valve
- the pump 125 is used for the recirculation function of the gas contained in the cathode circuit of the fuel cell.
- the battery In certain phases of operation of the battery, for example during a shutdown, it may be necessary to inject atmospheric air forcibly into the cathode circuit.
- the three-way valve 129 By positioning the three-way valve 129 on its second position, it ensures the interruption of the communication of the recycling loop to the ejector 123.
- the first section 12R1 is isolated from the second section 12R2a of the 12Ra recycling loop.
- the second section 12R2a is then brought into contact with the atmosphere, via the pump 125 and the air supply line 12D.
- the pump 125 is used for the air injection function.
- the cathode circuit can be applied to both fuel cells supplied with pure oxygen fuel cells supplied with atmospheric air as an oxidizing gas. Let us examine below, based on FIGS. 2 and 3, the variants of implementation with fuel cells operating using atmospheric air as combustion gas.
- the cathode circuit 12b For atmospheric air cells, the cathode circuit 12b, it should be noted that there is no recycling to the cathode during normal operation of the battery. Indeed, since the unconsumed gas is so low in oxygen (depleted air), it is not appropriate to recycle it. Recirculation operation is only used at the cathode during extinction of the fuel cell, not to mix the unconsumed gas with fresh gas but only to homogenize by stirring the gas contained in the cathode so as to achieve a complete consumption of oxygen without risk of oxygen concentration locally more high.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an implementation of the invention for a fuel cell 1b supplied with atmospheric air. It can be seen that in this case, the specific elements of the present invention are implanted identically to FIG. 1 on the anode circuit side. At the cathode circuit, we see an air compressor 125b serving in normal use to supply the fuel cell with atmospheric air. Another difference is that the recycling circuit 12Rb of the cathode gas is directly connected to the supply channel 12A without passing through an ejector, a simple branch 123b in a bypass downstream of the air compressor 125b. In a normal operation, a pressure regulating valve 122b makes it possible to continuously exhaust the depleted air towards the atmosphere. The degree of opening of this pressure regulating valve 122b is controlled to maintain the pressure at the desired value in the cathode circuit.
- the recycling circuit In normal operation of the fuel cell, the recycling circuit is not used, the pump 125 is stopped, and no gas flows in the recycling circuit 12Rb which becomes virtually nonexistent. The totality of gas not consumed by the cathodic reactor is directed to the atmosphere through the pressure regulating valve 122b. In the case where the pump 125 does not naturally provide the anti-return function when it is stopped, a non-return valve must be provided on the recycling circuit 12Rb so as to guarantee the passage of the whole of the pump. air supplied by the compressor to the cathode circuit of fuel cell 1 b.
- the cutoff valve 128 isolates the cathode circuit of atmospheric air when the battery is stopped. This shutoff valve 128 can indifferently be placed upstream or downstream of the compressor.
- FIG 3 there is shown an alternative embodiment of a fuel cell 1b supplied with atmospheric air, in which the recycling loop 12Rc of the cathode circuit comprises a three-way valve 129 just as in the mode of The recycling loop 12Rc also comprises a pump 125.
- the three-way valve 129 divides the recycling loop 12Rc into a first section 12R1c and a second section 12R2c.
- An air supply line 12D starting at another vent port 126c, is connected to the three way valve 129.
- the pump 125 is used for the recirculation function of the cathode gas of the fuel cell.
- the three-way valve 129 By positioning the three-way valve 129 in its first position, as in the first variant described above, the pump 125 is used for the recirculation function of the cathode gas of the fuel cell.
- This variant is particularly useful if, as is generally done, the compressor 125b is supplied with electrical energy directly by the fuel cell itself. Indeed during the start and stop phases, the voltage on the fuel cell is not sufficient to power the compressor 125b. In addition, the size of the pump 125 is much smaller than that of the compressor 125b. It is then advantageous to have another air injection means for initiating the starting of the battery or for injecting the necessary air (in small quantities) with the nitrogen generation during the extinction of the battery. . The pump 125 is generally powered by a low voltage source still available even when the fuel cell is stopped. For all these reasons (electric voltage available, amount of air to be injected), it is preferable to use the pump 125 for the introduction of air during the stopping phase.
- the procedure described below makes it possible to extinguish the fuel cell so as to ensure storage with a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen inside, and this, without the need for a nitrogen tank.
- the shutdown procedure consists essentially of the following phases:
- neutralization step which occurs by filling the cathode nitrogen circuit; in the embodiment described here, nitrogen is that of atmospheric air; Forced air injection is then carried out, which again brings a small amount of oxygen, the consumption of which must be controlled by current withdrawal.
- FIG. 5 schematically an example of sequencing essential commands of the shutdown procedure according to the invention.
- STOP command a stop command of the fuel cell
- a control automaton of the fuel cell proceeds from the shutdown process by cutting off the supply of the gases. that is to say by closing, for example simultaneously, the shutoff valves 110 and 128.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the sequence of the three phases during a shutdown actually measured on a fuel cell of 300 cm 2 active surface cells operating with pure oxygen, in accordance with the arrangement illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the x-axis indicates the time in seconds with (0) the moment when the shutdown procedure begins.
- This figure represents the evolution of the following quantities as a function of time during a stop with nitrogen generation: curve 1, whose ordinate axis is marked by "Stack current [A]”: current taken from the fuel cell, expressed in Amperes;
- the purge valve 122 remains closed during the remainder of the extinguishing procedure and also during the rest so as to prevent air from entering the cathode.
- the current I s is first set at 60A. From the moment when at least one cell passes below the threshold of 0.5V (see test on Ucellmin at the left branch), the PLC proceeds to the progressive reduction of the current l s (see “reduce ls" to the branch of left of Figure 5); shortly after the fuel cell begins to go down in tension. It is necessary to equip the fuel cell sensors and electrical connections necessary for individual monitoring of the voltage of the cells comprising the stack, at least some cells of the fuel cell.
- the pump 125 alternately provides the recycling and air injection function. These alternations of function lead to the pressure ripple measured at the cathode and to the voltage ripple measured on the cells. Note that the cathode pressure and cell voltage ripples are in phase opposition (see respectively the third and second curves of FIG. 4). Indeed, during the air injection phases (three-way valve in position to perform the injection function), the cathode pressure increases, but the recycling function is not ensured during this time, the cathodic gas is no longer stirred causing a local shortage of oxygen in the cathode channels which results in a drop in voltage.
- the cathode gas is stirred and the cathode channels are again better supplied with oxygen, which results in a rise in cell voltages, but as there is no more injected, the consumption of oxygen causes a drop in the pressure at the cathode.
- Repeated air injections lead to a lower and lower voltage rise, as the presence of nitrogen in the cathode circuit becomes more dominant.
- the first air injection starts at instant 11 s when the cathode pressure drops to 0.8bara and is maintained until the pressure at the cathode reaches 1.8bara.
- the three-way valve 129 is controlled in the air injection position at the same time as the pump 125 is activated so as to pressurize the cathode circuit at a pressure which increases progressively, then the three-way valve 129 is controlled in the recycling position at the same time that the pump 125 is appropriately controlled.
- the pressure of the cathode circuit thus oscillates between 1.8 bara and 1.6 bara, this average level being reached at about 15s.
- the sampling current I s is initially set to a first constant level (approximately 60 amperes) and is then reduced in proportion to the lower of the voltages of the cells of the fuel cell. Conversely, it can be seen in FIG. 4 that the intensity of the current withdrawn rises again somewhat, concomitantly with each new increase in voltage.
- the current finally vanishes when the voltage of the fuel cell approaches 0V, as shown by the "yes" output of the second test on the fuel cell voltage of the left branch of Figure 5.
- the third curve of Figure 4 indicates that the pressure in the cathode compartment drops to less than 1000 mbara.
- the pressure of hydrogen remains always above 1.1 bara until the phase of extraction thanks to the presence of the chamber of additional accumulation of fuel gas 1 16.
- the pump 1 15 anode side is maintained in operation and the three-way valve 1 19 in the recycling position so as to stir the anodic gas and avoid any local shortage of hydrogen.
- the shortage of hydrogen is avoided as indicated by the concentration of hydrogen represented on the fourth curve of Figure 4 which shows that the volume concentration of hydrogen remains greater than 90% in the anode circuit for the duration of the extinguishing procedure.
- the hydrogen extraction phase is controlled by putting the three-way valve 1 19 on the extraction position (second position, see before last block of FIG.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013552153A JP2014509045A (ja) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-01-26 | 燃料電池スタックのための再循環ループ |
CN201280007218.9A CN103348522B (zh) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-01-26 | 用于燃料电池的再循环回路 |
EP12701350.6A EP2671277A1 (fr) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-01-26 | Boucle de recyclage pour pile a combustible |
US13/981,545 US20130344406A1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-01-26 | Recirculating loop for a fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1150749A FR2971087B1 (fr) | 2011-02-01 | 2011-02-01 | Boucle de recyclage pour pile a combustible |
FR1150749 | 2011-02-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012104191A1 true WO2012104191A1 (fr) | 2012-08-09 |
Family
ID=44244699
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/051197 WO2012104191A1 (fr) | 2011-02-01 | 2012-01-26 | Boucle de recyclage pour pile a combustible |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130344406A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2671277A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2014509045A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN103348522B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2971087B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012104191A1 (fr) |
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WO2022214120A1 (fr) | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Dispositif de blocage pour la boucle de recirculation dans un empilement de piles à combustible |
DE102021108649A1 (de) | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Absperrvorrichtung für den Rezirkulationskreis eines Brennstoffzellenstapels |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014221321A1 (de) | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-21 | Volkswagen Ag | Brennstoffzellensystem sowie Verfahren zum Abschalten eines Brennstoffzellenstapels |
KR101616201B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-04-28 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 출력 안정성 및 내구성이 우수한 연료전지 시스템 및 그 퍼지 제어 방법 |
DE102015004827A1 (de) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-10-20 | Proton Motor Fuel Cell Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben von Brennstoffzellen mit künstlicher Luft |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103348522A (zh) | 2013-10-09 |
CN103348522B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
FR2971087B1 (fr) | 2013-01-18 |
US20130344406A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
JP2014509045A (ja) | 2014-04-10 |
FR2971087A1 (fr) | 2012-08-03 |
EP2671277A1 (fr) | 2013-12-11 |
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