WO2012100408A1 - 一种环糊精包合物、其制备方法以及包含所述包合物的药物制剂 - Google Patents

一种环糊精包合物、其制备方法以及包含所述包合物的药物制剂 Download PDF

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WO2012100408A1
WO2012100408A1 PCT/CN2011/070597 CN2011070597W WO2012100408A1 WO 2012100408 A1 WO2012100408 A1 WO 2012100408A1 CN 2011070597 W CN2011070597 W CN 2011070597W WO 2012100408 A1 WO2012100408 A1 WO 2012100408A1
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total
extract
cyclodextrin
epimedium
inclusion
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PCT/CN2011/070597
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English (en)
French (fr)
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宋剑
贾继明
王贵金
刘兴国
蔡燕
郑亚杰
裴彩云
王胜超
赵韶华
安军永
王超
郑立发
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河北以岭医药研究院有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2011/070597 priority Critical patent/WO2012100408A1/zh
Publication of WO2012100408A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012100408A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7028Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages
    • A61K31/7034Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin
    • A61K31/704Compounds having saccharide radicals attached to non-saccharide compounds by glycosidic linkages attached to a carbocyclic compound, e.g. phloridzin attached to a condensed carbocyclic ring system, e.g. sennosides, thiocolchicosides, escin, daunorubicin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716Glucans
    • A61K31/724Cyclodextrins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/25Araliaceae (Ginseng family), e.g. ivy, aralia, schefflera or tetrapanax
    • A61K36/258Panax (ginseng)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/29Berberidaceae (Barberry family), e.g. barberry, cohosh or mayapple
    • A61K36/296Epimedium
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1652Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/19Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/205Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/4841Filling excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/4866Organic macromolecular compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P21/00Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cyclodextrin inclusion compound and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of pharmaceutical preparations. Specifically, the present invention relates to a cyclodextrin inclusion compound comprising ginseng total saponin extract and epimedium total flavonoid extract, and a preparation method thereof, and to a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the cyclodextrin inclusion compound and Use of the cyclodextrin inclusion compound in the preparation of a pharmaceutical preparation.
  • Motor neuron disease includes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). progressive spinal muscular atrophy, progressive bulbar palsy, primary lateral sclerosis, etc., due to central nervous system Symptoms caused by extensive degeneration of motor neurons, such as muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, and gradually develop into a diet cough, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, until death.
  • ALS is a chronic progressive degenerative disease with selective etiology of spinal cord anterior horn cells, brainstem motor nucleus and pyramidal tract. The clinical manifestations are signs of impaired up and down motor neurons combined with chronic motor neuron disease. The most common type. There is currently no good treatment for MND, especially ALS.
  • CN1785223A (the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety in its entirety herein in its entirety in its entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire contents).
  • the patent also confirmed that the drug comprising ginseng total saponin extract and epimedium total flavonoid extract has the functions of enhancing normal motor neuron activity, promoting neurite outgrowth, protecting excitatory amino acid toxicity damage motor neurons, reducing apoptosis and the like;
  • the patent also discloses a process for preparing a ginseng extract (i.e., ginseng total saponin extract) and epimedium extract (i.e., total flavonoid extract of Epimedium).
  • CN1785223A provides a new drug option for the treatment of MND, especially ALS, but wherein the injection is a water injection.
  • Traditional Chinese medicine water injections often have large safety hazards due to the existence of many different types of ingredients.
  • insoluble large particles appear, and once the particles enter the blood vessels of the human body, serious adverse reactions are likely to occur.
  • water injections are also susceptible to contamination during storage and transportation.
  • the water injection dosage form often has higher requirements for transportation and storage and correspondingly increases the cost of the circulation link.
  • cyclodextrin can effectively combine the total ginsenoside extract and the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium saponin, and the obtained clathrate can be used for preparing lyophilized injection ( Freeze-dried powder).
  • the technical problems existing in the prior art can be solved satisfactorily. Since the lyophilized powder is solid, it does not cause the problem of precipitation of large particles as described above; secondly, since it exists in a solid state during storage and transportation, it is greatly advantageous for the stability of the pharmaceutical preparation, and it is also apparent that Reduce costs and convenience in all aspects.
  • the production process of powder injection is easier to arrange scientifically and rationally, unlike the traditional Chinese medicine injection, which is more susceptible to human factors in the process of concentration, and thus it is easier to ensure the safety and controllability of the medicine.
  • a cyclodextrin inclusion compound comprising an extract of ginseng total saponins and an extract of total flavonoids of Epimedium, wherein ginseng total saponin extract and epimedium total flavonoids are extracted
  • the weight ratio of the substance to the cyclodextrin is 30-70: 20-60: 600-1000»
  • the cyclodextrin is hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
  • the weight ratio of ginseng total saponin extract, epimedium total flavonoid extract to cyclodextrin is 35: 55:900.
  • the weight ratio of total ginsenoside extract, epimedium total flavonoid extract to cyclodextrin is 65:25:650.
  • the weight ratio of the total ginsenoside extract, the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium to cyclodextrin is 50:40:800.
  • the cyclodextrin inclusion compound comprises ginsenoside Rbl of 6.0 to 12.0 mg/g, icariin of 5.5 to 13.0 mg/g, and total flavonoids of icariin.
  • the index is from 18.00 to 36.00 mg/g, and the total saponin is from 20.00 to 50.00 based on the ginsenoside Rbl.
  • the cyclodextrin inclusion compound contains ginsenoside Rbl of 8.0.
  • icariin is 7.0 ⁇ 10.mg / g
  • total flavonoids based on icariin The ratio of the total saponin is from 3% to 30.00 mg/g, and the ginsenoside Rbl is from 31.00 to 39.00.
  • a method for preparing the above cyclodextrin inclusion compound which comprises the above ratio The step of extracting the total saponin extract of ginseng, the extract of total flavonoids of Herba Epimedii or a solution thereof in the above ratio of cyclodextrin or a solution thereof.
  • the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium is first packaged, and then the total ginsenoside extract is encapsulated.
  • the inclusion step is carried out under dynamic agitation, and the ginseng total saponin extract, the epimedium total flavonoid extract and the cyclodextrin are all provided in the form of an aqueous solution.
  • the encapsulating step is carried out at a temperature of from 50 to 90 °C.
  • a pharmaceutical formulation comprising the above cyclodextrin inclusion complex, optionally further comprising other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or carriers.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation is a tablet, a powder, a capsule, a granule, a pill, an emulsion or a lyophilized injection.
  • the pharmaceutical formulation is a lyophilized injection.
  • the Epimedium is derived from Epimedium brevicornu Maxim., Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc. Maxim.) ⁇ Epimedium pubescens Maxim. ) ⁇ The dry aerial part of Epimedium wushanense TS Ying or Epimedium koreanum Nakai.
  • the ginseng described in the present invention is a dried root of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.
  • the cyclodextrin described in the present invention also includes a derivative thereof, which is a cyclic oligosaccharide linked by a D(+)-glucose unit through a 1,4-glycosidic bond, including but not limited to an ⁇ -cyclodide.
  • the ginseng total saponin extract described in the present invention is a ginseng-enriched ginseng extract which can be prepared by the following method:
  • the cells were eluted with ammonia, pH 20-9, 20% ethanol, and 80% ethanol, respectively, and an 80% ethanol eluate was collected.
  • Add 80% eluent to pure water prepare 50% alcohol solution, collect the eluent through a neutral alumina column, wash with a small amount of 50% ethanol, dilute the column, and combine the eluent for use;
  • Activated carbon heated under reflux, boiled for 20 minutes, filtered through a hot plate, collected, concentrated, and refrigerated overnight; clarified plate filtered, dried under reduced pressure.
  • the extract of total flavonoids of Epimedium described in the present invention is an extract of Epimedium extract enriched with flavonoids, which can be prepared by the following method:
  • the above two active ingredients namely ginseng total saponin extract and epimedium total flavonoid extract, comprise a plurality of different compounds.
  • the total saponins of ginseng mainly contain more than ten kinds of hydrophilic compounds such as ginsenoside Rgl, Re, Rbl, etc., and also contain hydrophobic compounds such as Rg3 and Rh2, while total flavonoids of Epimedium include icariin, livingage A, and A variety of hydrophobic compounds such as B, which differ greatly in structure, size, and polarity. Therefore, by trying a solvent or solvent combination and The addition of a co-solvent, a surfactant, etc., does not well solve the problems in the prior art.
  • a clathrate of an active ingredient can be obtained by a cyclodextrin inclusion method, and the cyclodextrin inclusion compound can be further used as a raw material or an intermediate product for the production of a pharmaceutical preparation.
  • the pharmaceutical preparations include, but are not limited to, tablets, powders, capsules, granules, pills, emulsions or lyophilized injections, and the like, and particularly preferred are lyophilized injections.
  • the present invention firstly provides a cyclodextrin inclusion compound comprising ginseng total saponin extract and epimedium total flavonoid extract, wherein ginseng total saponin extract, epimedium total flavonoid extract and cyclodextrin weight ratio For 30-70: 20-60: 600-1000»
  • the cyclodextrin is hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
  • the weight ratio of the total ginsenoside extract, the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium to cyclodextrin is 35: 55:900.
  • the weight ratio of the total ginsenoside extract, the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium to cyclodextrin is 65:25:650.
  • the weight ratio of the total ginsenoside extract, the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium to cyclodextrin is 50: 40: 800.
  • the cyclodextrin inclusion compound comprises ginsenoside Rbl of 6.0 to 12.0 mg/g, icariin of 5.5 to 13.0 mg/g, and total flavonoids of icariin.
  • the index is 18.00 ⁇ 36.00 mg / g, and the total saponin is 20.00 ⁇ 50.00 mg based on ginsenoside Rbl.
  • the ginsenoside Rbl is 8.0 ⁇ 10.0 mg / g
  • the icariin is 7.0 ⁇ 10. mg / g
  • the total flavonoids are icy sheep.
  • the content of glucoside is 24.00 ⁇ 30.00 mg / g
  • the total saponin is 31.00 ⁇ 39.00 mg based on ginsenoside Rbl.
  • a method for preparing the above cyclodextrin inclusion compound comprising the above ratio of ginseng total saponin extract, epimedium total flavonoid extract or a solution thereof in the above ratio
  • the step of inclusion of dextrin or its solution comprising the above ratio of ginseng total saponin extract, epimedium total flavonoid extract or a solution thereof in the above ratio.
  • the cyclodextrin inclusion compound can be prepared by a method such as a stirring coprecipitation method, a grinding method, or a freeze drying method.
  • the preparation is carried out by a stirring coprecipitation method, that is, the above two extracts (powder) or a solution may be sequentially added to the cyclodextrin solution under stirring, and stirring may be continued after the addition. After a while, then it will be released.
  • a stirring or ultrasonic method instead of stirring, or to freeze it to cause precipitation to obtain a solid product.
  • the temperature at which the cyclodextrin is encapsulated is preferably from 50 to 90 ° C, more preferably from 40 to 80 ° C.
  • the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium is first packaged, and then the total ginsenoside extract is encapsulated.
  • the inclusion step is carried out under dynamic agitation, and the ginseng total saponin extract, the epimedium total flavonoid extract and the cyclodextrin are all provided in the form of an aqueous solution.
  • the encapsulating step is carried out at a temperature of from 50 to 90 °C. In a more preferred embodiment, the inclusion step is carried out at a temperature of from 40 to 80 °C.
  • a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the above cyclodextrin inclusion complex, optionally, the pharmaceutical preparation may further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients and/or carriers.
  • excipients and/or carriers can be used for chewable tablets, buccal tablets, troches, capsules, elixirs, mashes, Suspensions, syrups, wafers, etc. are used in different forms.
  • excipient is intended to include, but is not limited to, Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Lippincort Williams & Wilkins, 21st ed. (2006) (hereinafter referred to as Remington) ( Those ingredients described therein are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • solid dosage forms for oral administration can include capsules, tablets, pills, powders, granules, and the like.
  • the clathrate may be admixed with at least one inert pharmaceutically acceptable substance or mixture thereof: an excipient or carrier (such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate) and/or (a) Fillers or fillers such as starch, sucrose, glucose, mannitol and silicic acid, (b) binders such as carboxymethylcellulose, alginate, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose and gum arabic, (c) wetting Agents such as glycerin, (d) disintegrants such as agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain silicates and sodium carbonate, solution blockers such as paraffin, (f) absorption enhancers such as season Ammonium compounds, (g) wetting agents such as cetyl alcohol and glyceryl monostea
  • the pharmaceutical formulation is a lyophilized injection.
  • the present invention provides the use of the above cyclodextrin inclusion compound in the preparation of a dosage form such as a tablet, a powder, a capsule, a granule, a pill, an emulsion or a lyophilized injection.
  • the invention provides the use of the above cyclodextrin inclusion complex for the preparation of a lyophilized injection.
  • Whether or not the clathrate is formed can be determined by measuring the change in solubility of the poorly soluble drug before and after inclusion.
  • the degree of inclusion ie, the inclusion ratio, can be determined by selecting a suitable solvent and extraction method.
  • the clathrate prepared in the above Example 1 was easily determined by measuring the solubility before and after the inclusion, and the product of Example 1 was successfully clathrated. The results are shown in Table 1 below. Table 1. Solubility determination and inclusion formation of the active ingredients in the product before and after inclusion. Judging the solubility of the sample before inclusion g L The solubility of the inclusion complex g/L The formation of the inclusion complex judged the total flavonoids ⁇ 0.05 >10 Forming the total saponin weak polarity Part ⁇ 0.1 >12.5 formation
  • the cyclodextrin is insoluble in acetone and the total flavonoids are soluble in acetone.
  • the acetone is used as a separation medium, and the unencapsulated total flavonoids are separated, and the inclusion ratio can be determined.
  • the inclusion ratio is defined as follows :
  • Inclusion rate the amount of drug actually contained in the inclusion compound / dose xl00%.
  • the sample powder was taken, one part was dissolved in water, the other part was washed with acetone, and then dissolved in water, and the total flavonoid content was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
  • Example 3 The effect of the effect of the two inclusions in different inclusion sequences (inclusion rate), the above-mentioned inclusion operation under the same conditions is different in the order of inclusion. The results are shown in Table 3 below. Table 3. Inclusion results due to different inclusion sequences
  • the inclusion order has a certain influence on the inclusion result.
  • the inclusion order of the total saponins is added after the total flavonoids are added.
  • Hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin was added with 4000 ml of water to prepare a 20% solution.
  • the total flavonoid extract of Herba Epimedii was added with 750 ml (5.33%) of water to dissolve, and the hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -ring was slowly added in portions.
  • the dextrin solution keep warm at 80 °C ⁇ 1 °C, dynamic stirring and inclusion, and the inclusion time is 3 hours.
  • Ginsenoside saponin extract 65g Epimedium total flavonoid extract 25g Hydroxypropyl-P
  • hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin was added to water 4000 to prepare a 16.3% solution, and the total flavonoid extract of Herba Epimedii was added to 250 ml (10%) of water to dissolve, and the hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -ring was slowly added in portions.
  • the mixture was kept at 90 ⁇ 1 C for dynamic stirring, and the inclusion time was 3 hours.
  • the ginseng total saponin extract was heated and dissolved in 130 ml (50%), and added to the inclusion solution, and the inclusion was continued for 1 hour; b.
  • c, 105 ⁇ hot-press sterilization for 20 minutes, take out, put it to normal temperature, filter with 0.22 ⁇ ⁇ microporous membrane, dispense into vials, each 6ml, half-press plug, freeze dryer, pre-freeze 4 hours; d, according to the pre-freezing conditions, under the condition of a vacuum degree of 0.45 Pa, from the pre-freezing temperature to the temperature rise sublimation for 30 hours, and then from the temperature rise to dry 6.5 hours;
  • Ginsenoside saponin extract 60 Epimedium total flavonoid extract 50 Hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin 700
  • Hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodextrin was added with 4000 ml of water to prepare a 17.5% solution.
  • the total flavonoid extract of Epimedium was dissolved in water 1500 (3.33%), and hydroxypropyl- ⁇ -cyclodide was slowly added in portions.
  • the 85C dynamic stirring package was insulated, and the inclusion time was 8 hours.
  • the ginseng total saponin extract was dissolved in 150 ml ( 40 %), added to the inclusion solution, and the inclusion was continued for 1 hour;
  • Example 4 In order to verify the process stability of the traditional Chinese medicine lyophilized injection, the inventors carried out the preparation of the preparation according to the raw material ratio and preparation method of Example 4, and successively produced three batches, and measured the quality control index. Table 4, all results are in compliance.
  • the stability study was carried out by using the room temperature retention observation method and the accelerated test method. The specific results are as follows: (1) Accelerated test method: Three batches of test samples were taken (20090203, 20090301, 20090302), under the listed packaging conditions, at the temperature Under the condition of 40 ⁇ 2°C and relative humidity of 75 ⁇ 5 %, the samples were observed for 6 months, and samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6 months, and the results are shown in Table 5.
  • Example 11 Method for determining the content of total flavonoids and ginseng saponins of Epimedium saponins
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining the total flavonoids of Epimedium and ginsenosides in the lyophilized injection of the present invention, and the method is as follows Description:
  • test solution Take 3 freeze-dried powder needles of the present invention, take out the contents and mix well, accurately weigh 0.80g of powder from medium to 10ml volumetric flask, dissolve and dilute with dilute ethanol solution. From the precision measurement, take 30 ul of the plug colorimetric tube and add dilute ethanol to 6.5 ml.
  • test solution Take 3 freeze-dried powder needles of the present invention, take out the contents and mix well, accurately weigh 0.8g powder from the medium, add a small amount of water to dissolve, extract 3 times with n-butanol, each time 10ml The n-butanol layer was taken, evaporated to dryness in a water bath, and the residue was dissolved in a dilute ethanol solution and made up to a 10 ml volumetric flask. The solution is placed in the colorimetric tube, that is,

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Abstract

Description

一种环糊精包合物、 其制备方法以及包含所述包合物的药物制剂
技术领域
本发明涉及环糊精包合物及其制备方法, 属于药物制剂技术领域。 具体 而言, 本发明涉及一种包含人参总皂苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄酮提取物的环 糊精包合物及其制备方法, 还涉及包含所述环糊精包合物的药物制剂以及所 述环糊精包合物在制备药物制剂中的用途。
背景技术
运动神经元疾病 (motor neuron disease, MND ) 包括肌萎缩侧索硬化 ( amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS ). 进行性脊肌萎缩、 进行性延髓麻痹、 原发性侧索硬化等, 是由于中枢神经系统上下运动神经元广泛变性引起的, 其症状有肌力减退、 肌肉萎缩, 并逐渐发展为饮食呛咳、 吞咽困难、 呼吸困 难, 直到死亡。 ALS是一种病因未明的选择性侵犯脊髓前角细胞、 脑干运动 神经核及锥体束的慢性进行性变性疾病, 临床表现为上下运动神经元合并受 损的体征,是慢性运动神经元疾病中最常见的类型。目前对 MND尤其是 ALS 还缺乏很好的治疗药物。
CN1785223A (该专利文件通过引用并入本文)公开了一种治疗肌肉萎缩 及重症肌无力的药物及其制备方法, 该专利申请公开了该药物的注射液、 胶 嚢、 片剂等制备方法; 该专利还证实了包含人参总皂苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄 酮提取物的药物具有增强正常运动神经元活力、 促进神经突起生长、 保护兴 奋性氨基酸毒性损伤运动神经元、 减少细胞凋亡等作用; 该专利还公开了其 中人参提取物(即人参总皂苷提取物)和淫羊藿提取物(即淫羊藿总黄酮提 取物) 的制备方法。
CN1785223A提供了一种治疗 MND尤其是 ALS的新的药物选择, 但是 其中的注射液是水针剂。 中药水针剂由于同时存在多种不同类别的成分等原 因, 往往存在较大的安全隐患。 并且水针剂随着贮存时间的延长、 环境的变 化会出现不溶性的大颗粒, 一旦这些颗粒进入人体的血管, 就易产生严重不 良反应。 其次, 水针剂在储运过程中也容易受污染。 此外, 水针剂这一剂型 对于运输、 贮存而言也往往有较高的要求并相应提高了流通环节的成本。 此 外, 对于 CN1785223A中的注射剂而言, 由于淫羊藿提取物水溶性较差, 因 此采用了易燃性的 1,2-丙二醇作为溶剂溶解, 这对于安全生产而言是不利 的, 此外从静脉用药安全性来看也不及以纯水作为溶剂的注射剂型。
因此, 需要研发包含人参总皂苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄酮提取物的新型 药物剂型, 以更好地克服现有技术中产品的不足, 为治疗 MND尤其是 ALS 提供更好的治疗选择。
发明内容
本发明人经过多次实验, 出乎意料地发现: 采用环糊精可以将人参总皂 苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄酮提取物同时有效包合, 所得包合物可以用于制备 冻干注射剂 (冻干粉针)。
将上述活性成分制成冻干注射剂, 可以 艮好地解决现有技术中存在的 技术问题。 由于冻干粉剂是固态, 因此不会产生如前所述的大颗粒沉淀的问 题; 其次, 由于在贮存和运输过程中以固体状态存在, 因此大大有利于药物 制剂的稳定性, 此外还显然可降低各个环节的成本并提供便利性。 还有, 粉 针剂的生产工艺更容易科学合理地安排, 不像中药注射液那样在浓缩等过程 中较易受人为因素的影响, 因而更易于保证药品的安全性和可控性。
因此, 在本发明的第一个方面, 提供了一种包含人参总皂苷提取物和 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物的环糊精包合物, 其中人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总 黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 30-70: 20-60: 600-1000»
优选地, 所述环糊精为羟丙基 -β-环糊精。
在一个优选的实施方案中, 人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 与环糊精的重量比例为 35: 55: 900。
在又一个优选的实施方案中, 人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取 物与环糊精的重量比例为 65: 25: 650。
在又一个优选的实施方案中, 人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取 物与环糊精的重量比例为 50: 40: 800。
在一个特别的实施方案中, 在所述环糊精包合物中, 含人参皂苷 Rbl 为 6.0 ~ 12.0mg/g, 淫羊藿苷为 5.5 ~ 13.0mg/g, 总黄酮以淫羊藿苷为指标 计为 18.00 ~ 36.00 mg/g , 总皂苷以人参皂苷 Rbl为指标计为 20.00 ~ 50.00 在另一个特别的实施方案中,在所述环糊精包合物中,含人参皂苷 Rbl 为 8.0 ~ 10.0mg/g, 淫羊藿苷为 7.0 ~ 10.mg/g, 总黄酮以淫羊藿苷为指标计 为 24.00 ~ 30.00 mg/g, 总皂苷以人参皂苷 Rbl为指标计为 31.00 ~ 39.00 在本发明的第二个方面, 提供了一种制备上述环糊精包合物的方法, 包括将上述比例的人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物或其溶液用上 述比例的环糊精或其溶液包合的步骤。
在一个优选的实施方案中, 在所述包合步骤中, 先将淫羊藿总黄酮提 取物包合, 然后再将人参总皂苷提取物包合。
在另一个优选的实施方案中, 所述包合步骤是在动态搅拌下进行的, 并且所述人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物和环糊精均以水溶液形 式提供。
在又一个优选的实施方案中, 所述包合步骤在 50至 90°C的温度下进 行。
在本发明的第三个方面, 提供了一种包含上述环糊精包合物的药物制 剂, 任选地, 其还可以包含其它可药用赋形剂和 /或载体。
在一个优选的实施方案中, 所述药物制剂为片剂、 散剂、 胶嚢剂、 颗粒 剂、 丸剂、 乳剂或冻干注射剂。
在一个更优选的实施方案中, 所述药物制剂为冻干注射剂。
在本发明的第四个方面,提供了上述环糊精包合物在制备药物制剂中的 用途。
概念和定义:
本发明中所述淫羊藿系来源于小檗科植物淫羊藿 ( Epimedium brevicornu Maxim. )、 箭叶淫羊藿 ( Epimedium sagittatum(Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim. )^ 柔毛淫羊藿 ( Epimedium pubescens Maxim. )^ 巫山淫羊 $ ( Epimedium wushanense T.S. Ying )或朝鲜淫羊藿 ( Epimedium koreanum Nakai ) 的干燥地上部分。
本发明中所述人参为五加科植物人参 ( Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. ) 的干 燥根。
本发明中所述的环糊精也包括其衍生物,是一种由 D(+)-葡萄糖单元通过 1,4-糖苷键连接起来的环状寡糖, 其包括但不限于 α-环糊精、 Ρ-环糊精、 γ-环 糊精、 羟丙基 -p-环糊精、 二曱基 -P-环糊精、 二羟丙基 -P-环糊精、 麦芽糖环糊 精、 羟乙基 -P-环糊精、 曱基 -P-环糊精、 麦芽三糖环糊精、 P-环糊精磺丁基醚 等。 这些环糊精衍生物可以容易地制备获得, 或者可以直接得自市售来源。
本发明中所述的人参总皂苷提取物是一种富集了皂苷的人参提取物, 其 可以通过以下方法进行制备:
取人参药材,用 60-90%乙醇提取 1-3次,第 1次加药材 8-12倍量溶剂提 取 1-2小时, 第 2次加 6-10倍量溶剂提取 1-2小时, 第 3次加 6-10倍量溶剂 提取 0.5-1小时; 合并上述提取液, 趁热滤过, 减压回收乙醇, 并浓缩, 放入 不锈钢桶内, 加纯水搅拌均匀,冷藏 24-36h; 将冷藏液取出, 放至常温, 板框 过滤器过滤, 用少量水洗、涤板框, 滤液加纯水稀释, 备用; 取人参浓缩药液 通过处理好的 AB-8型大孔吸附树脂柱, 并分别用 pH值 8-9的氨水、 20%乙 醇、 80%乙醇洗脱,收集 80%乙醇洗脱液。将 80%洗脱液加入纯水,配成 50% 醇溶液, 通过中性氧化铝柱, 收集洗脱液, 再用少量 50%乙醇洗、涤柱子, 合 并洗脱液备用;取药液加入活性炭, 回流加热, 煮沸 20分钟,趁热板框抽滤, 收集滤液, 浓缩, 冷藏过夜; 澄清板过滤, 减压干燥, 即得。
本发明中所述的淫羊藿总黄酮提取物是一种富集了黄酮类化合物的淫羊 藿提取物, 其可以通过以下方法进行制备:
取淫羊藿药材, 加水煎煮提取 2-5次, 加水量为 10-30倍, 第一次提取时 间定为 0.5-2h, 以后 3次为 0.5-lh; 合并上述提取液, 趁热滤过, 减压浓缩, 放入不锈钢桶内, 加乙醇至药液含醇浓度为 70%,冷藏; 过滤, 滤液回收乙醇 并浓缩,加水搅拌均匀,冷藏,过滤,备用;取淫羊藿药液通过处理好的 AB-8 型大孔吸附树脂柱, 并分别用纯水、 20%乙醇、 50%乙醇洗脱, 收集 50%乙 醇洗脱液; 洗脱液拌入适量硅藻土混匀, 用无水乙醇提取 2-5次, 提取液合 并, 回收乙醇并浓缩, 浓缩液加入丙酮, 并搅拌均勾, 冷藏, 过滤, 沉淀加 丙酮再同前处理 2次, 合并 3次滤液, 回收溶剂, 并浓缩, 减压干燥, 即得。 具体实施方式
上述两类活性成分, 即人参总皂苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄酮提取物, 包 含多种不同的化合物。 其中人参总皂苷主要含人参皂苷 Rgl、 Re、 Rbl等 十余种亲水性化合物, 也包含 Rg3、 Rh2等疏水性化合物, 而淫羊藿总黄 酮包括淫羊藿苷、 朝藿定 A、 朝藿定 B等多种疏水性化合物, 这些化合物 在结构、 大小、 极性方面均差别较大。 因此, 通过尝试溶剂或溶剂组合及 加入助溶剂、 表面活性剂等做法都不能很好地解决现有技术中存在的问 题。
本发明人经过多次实验, 发现通过采用环糊精包合的方法, 可以获得 有效成分的包合物, 并可将该环糊精包合物作为原料或中间产品而进一步 用于生产药物制剂, 所述药物制剂包括但不限于片剂、 散剂、 胶嚢剂、 颗 粒剂、 丸剂、 乳剂或冻干注射剂等, 特别优选的是冻干注射剂。
本发明首先提供了一种包含人参总皂苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄酮提取 物的环糊精包合物, 其中人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物与环糊 精的重量比例为 30-70: 20-60: 600-1000»
在上述方面的一个优选实施方案中, 所述环糊精为羟丙基 -β-环糊精。 在上述方面的另一个优选实施方案中, 人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总 黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 35: 55: 900。
在上述方面的又一个优选实施方案中, 人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总 黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 65: 25: 650。
在上述方面的又一个优选实施方案中, 人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总 黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 50: 40: 800。
在一个特别的实施方案中, 在所述环糊精包合物中, 含人参皂苷 Rbl 为 6.0 ~ 12.0mg/g, 淫羊藿苷为 5.5 ~ 13.0mg/g, 总黄酮以淫羊藿苷为指标 计为 18.00 ~ 36.00 mg/g , 总皂苷以人参皂苷 Rbl为指标计为 20.00 ~ 50.00 mg
在另一个特别的实施方案中,在所述环糊精包合物中,含人参皂苷 Rbl 为 8.0 ~ 10.0mg/g, 淫羊藿苷为 7.0 ~ 10.mg/g, 总黄酮以淫羊藿苷为指标计 为 24.00 ~ 30.00 mg/g , 总皂苷以人参皂苷 Rbl为指标计为 31.00 ~ 39.00 mg
在本发明的第二个方面, 提供了一种制备上述环糊精包合物的方法, 包括将上述比例的人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物或其溶液用上 述比例的环糊精或其溶液包合的步骤。
上述环糊精包合物可以采用搅拌共沉淀法、 研磨法、 冷冻干燥法等方 法进行制备。 优选地, 采用搅拌共沉淀法进行制备, 即可以在搅拌下向环 糊精溶液中依次加入上述两种提取物(粉末)或溶液, 加完后可继续搅拌 一段时间, 然后使其析出即得。 还可以采用研磨或超声法代替搅拌, 或者 采用冷冻干燥的方法促使其析出而得到固体产品。 当然, 在实际生产中, 甚至完全可以在完成包合操作后, 不必使包合物析出而直接以溶液的形式 用于下一生产步骤(例如冻干粉针生产的活性炭脱色、 过滤等步骤) 中。
环糊精包合的温度优选为 50~90°C, 更优选为 40~80°C。
在一个优选的实施方案中, 在所述包合步骤中, 先将淫羊藿总黄酮提 取物包合, 然后再将人参总皂苷提取物包合。
在另一个优选的实施方案中, 所述包合步骤是在动态搅拌下进行的, 并且所述人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物和环糊精均以水溶液形 式提供。
在又一个优选的实施方案中, 所述包合步骤在 50至 90°C的温度下进 行。 在更优选的一个实施方案中, 所述包合步骤在 40至 80°C的温度下进 行
在本发明的第三个方面, 提供了一种包含上述环糊精包合物的药物制 剂, 任选地, 所述药物制剂还可以包含其它可药用赋形剂和 /或载体。
本领域技术人员可以根据实际所采用的具体剂型和需要来确定一种 或多种赋形剂和 /或载体的组合, 并且可以咀嚼片、 口含片、 锭剂、 胶嚢、 酏剂、 混悬剂、 糖浆、 薄片 (wafer ) 等不同形式使用。 对于适合施用给 人的药物制剂来说, 术语"赋形剂"旨在包括但不限于在 Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Lippincort Williams & Wilkins, 21st ed. (2006) (以下称 Remington ) (其在此通过引用全部并入本文中) 中所描述 的那些成分。 例如, 用于口服施用的固体剂型可包括胶嚢、 片剂、 丸剂、 粉末和颗粒剂等。 在这些固体剂型中, 可将包合物与至少一种惰性的药学 上可接受的以下物质或其混合物相混合: 赋形剂或载体(比如柠檬酸钠或 磷酸二钙)和 /或 ( a )填充剂或填料比如淀粉、 蔗糖、 葡萄糖、 甘露醇和 硅酸, (b ) 粘合剂例如羧曱基纤维素、 藻酸盐、 明胶、 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 蔗糖和阿拉伯胶, (c ) 润湿剂比如甘油, (d )崩解剂比如琼脂、 碳酸钙、 马铃薯淀粉或木薯淀粉、 藻酸、 某些硅酸盐和碳酸钠, )溶液阻滞剂比 如石蜡, (f )吸收促进剂比如季铵化合物, (g ) 润湿剂例如鲸蜡醇和单硬 脂酸甘油酯, (h )吸收剂比如高岭粘土和膨润土粘土, 以及(i )润滑剂比 如滑石、 硬脂酸钙、 硬脂酸镁、 固体聚乙二醇、 月桂基硫酸钠等。 在一个优选的实施方案中, 所述药物制剂为片剂、 散剂、 胶嚢剂、 颗粒 剂、 丸剂、 乳剂或冻干注射剂。
在一个特别优选的实施方案中, 所述药物制剂为冻干注射剂。
在本发明的第四个方面,提供了上述环糊精包合物在制备药物制剂中的 用途。 相应地, 在一个优选实施方案中, 本发明提供了上述环糊精包合物 在制备片剂、 散剂、 胶嚢剂、 颗粒剂、 丸剂、 乳剂或冻干注射剂等剂型中 的用途。 在一个特别优选的实施方案中, 本发明提供了上述环糊精包合物 在制备冻干注射剂中的用途。
实施例
提供以下实施例以举例说明本发明。 然而, 应当理解, 本发明并非限 制于在这些实施例中所描述的具体情形或细节。
实施例 1. 包合物制备实施例:
取淫羊藿提取物 40g, 加水 750ml, 加热溶解; 分次緩慢加入到 20% 羟丙基 -β-环糊精 (以下简称 HP-P-CD)4000ml溶液中, 动态搅拌包合, 加 热温度为 60-80°C, 搅拌桨转速 60-100转, 包合时间 3-5小时; 取人参提 取物 50g, 用 100ml水加热溶解并加入包合液中, 继续包合 1-2小时; 冷 却使产品析出, 过滤, 干燥即得。 实施例 2. 包合物形成的确定和包合率测定
包合物是否形成可以通过测定难溶性药物在包合前后溶解度的变化 来确定。 包合的程度即包合率则可以通过选择合适的溶剂和提取方法来测 定。 对上述实施例 1制备的包合物通过测定包合前后的溶解度而可以很容 易地确定实施例 1的产品是成功包合的包合物, 结果见下表 1。 表 1. 包合前后产品中有效成分的溶解度测定和包合物形成判断 样品 包合前溶解度 g L 包合物溶解度 g/L 包合物形成判断 总黄酮 <0.05 >10 形成 总皂苷弱极性部分 <0.1 >12.5 形成
根据表 1 结果可见, 在包合后, 产品中总黄酮和总皂苷弱极性部分的 溶解度较之包合前分别提高了至少 200倍和 125倍,显然已经形成了包合物。
关于包合率, 可以利用环糊精不溶于丙酮而总黄酮溶于丙酮的特性, 用丙酮作为分离介质, 将未包合的总黄酮分离出来, 即可测定包合率, 包 合率定义如下:
包合率 = 包合物中实际被包合的药物含量 /投药量 xl00%。
取样品粉末, 一份用水溶解, 另一份丙酮洗涤, 再用水溶解, 用紫外 分光光度法测定总黄酮含量。 结果见下表 2。
表 2. 包合率测定结果
样品 原始水溶液 丙酮洗涤液 包合物水溶液 包合率
%
% % % 总黄酮 84.67 4.75 81.22 81.22 总鬼香 93.55 2.21 92.15 92.34
实施例 3: 两种提取物不同包合次序的影响 合结果(包合率) 的影响, 在同样条件下进行上述包合操作 是包合先 后次序不同。 结果见下表 3。 表 3. 不同包合次序所导致的包合结果
包合次序 总黄酮包合率% 总皂苷包合率%
A总黄酮 +B总皂苷 79.15 90.23
A总皂苷 +B总黄酮 65.29 91.46 同时加入 66.57 89.35
由表 3结果可见, 在其它条件相同的情况下, 包合次序对总皂苷的包 合率基本上没有影响 (分别为 90.23%、 91.46%和 89.35% ), 但是对总黄 酮的包合率有很大影响, 先包合总黄酮、 后包合总皂苷对于总黄酮的包合 率而言更好; 而后加入总黄酮或者同时加入总黄酮和总皂苷的结果均明显 不如先加入总黄酮的结果好。
因此, 包合次序对包合结果是有一定影响的。 优选采用先加入总黄酮 后加入总皂苷的包合次序。
实施例 4: 冻干注射剂的制备 1
原料重量比例:
人参总皂苷提取物 50克 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 40克 羟丙基 -β- 环糊精 800克
制备方法:
a、 将羟丙基 -β-环糊精加水 4000ml溶解制成 20%的溶液, 将淫羊藿 总黄酮提取物加水 750ml ( 5.33% )加热溶解, 分次緩慢加入羟丙基 -β-环 糊精溶液中, 保温 80°C±1°C, 动态搅拌包合, 包合时间 3小时, 将人参总 皂苷提取物加水 100ml(50%)加热溶解, 加入包合液中, 继续包合 1小时; b、 加水调节溶液总量至 6000ml, 用 10%的氢氧化钠溶液调节 PH到 7.5, 加入活性炭 24克(即含活性炭 0.4%), 煮沸 10分钟, 趁热用澄清板框 过滤, 滤除活性炭, 再用 0.22μιη微孔滤膜过滤, 用水定容至 6000ml; c、 105°C热压灭菌 30分钟, 取出, 放至常温, 用 0.22μιη微孔滤膜过 滤, 分装至 15ml西林瓶, 每支 6ml, 半压塞, 置冻干机中, -40°C预冻 3 小时; d、 按照预冻条件, 在真空度为 0.05Pa状态下, 从 -40°C至 0°C升温升 华 28小时, 再从 0°C至 30°C升温干燥 4.5小时;
e、 在升华和干燥的真空状态下压塞, 出箱, 压铝盖, 灯检, 包装。 检测结果:
产量: 956支; 总黄酮: 25.31mg/g; 总皂苷: 35.87mg/g; 淫羊藿苷:
8.89mg/g; 人参皂苷 Rbl: 8.83mg/g„
实施例 5: 冻干注射剂的制备 2
原料重量比例:
人参总皂苷提取物 35克 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 55克 羟丙基 - P -环糊精 900克
制备方法:
a、 将羟丙基 - β -环糊精加水 3000ml溶解制成 30%的溶液, 将淫羊藿 总黄酮提取物加水 1800ml(3.11%)溶解,分次緩慢加入羟丙基- β -环糊精溶 液中, 保温 50 ± 1 C 动态搅拌包合, 包合时间 8小时, 将人参总皂苷提 取物加水 105ml(33.3%)加热溶解, 加入包合液中, 继续包合 2小时;
b、 加水调节溶液总量至 6000ml, 用 20%的氢氧化钠溶液调节 PH到 6.2, 加入活性炭 6克 (含活性炭 0.1%), 煮沸 10分钟, 趁热用砂滤棒过滤, 滤除活性炭, 再用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜过滤, 用水定容至 6000ml;
c、 105^:热压灭菌 15分钟, 取出, 放至常温, 用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜 过滤, 分装至 10ml西林瓶, 每支 6ml, 半压塞, 置冻干机中, 预冻 5小时;
d、 按照预冻条件, 在真空度为 0.5Pa状态下, 从预冻温度至 升温 升华 35小时, 再从 至 升温干燥 8小时;
e、 在升华和干燥的真空状态下压塞, 出箱, 压铝盖, 灯检, 包装。 检测结果:
产量: 937支; 总黄酮: 19.23mg/g; 总皂苷: 25.7mg/g; 淫羊藿苷: 5.7mg/g; 人参皂苷 Rbl: 7.0mg/g。
实施例 6: 冻干注射剂的制备 3
原料重量比例:
人参总皂苷提取物 65克 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 25克 羟丙基 - P
-环糊精 650克
制备方法:
a、 将羟丙基 - β -环糊精加水 4000溶解制成 16.3%的溶液, 将淫羊藿 总黄酮提取物加水 250ml(10%)加热溶解,分次緩慢加入羟丙基- β -环糊精 溶液中, 保温 90 ± 1 C 动态搅拌包合, 包合时间 3小时, 将人参总皂 苷提取物加水 130ml(50%)加热溶解, 加入包合液中, 继续包合 1小时; b、 加水调节溶液总量至 6000ml, 用 5%的氢氧化钠溶液调节 PH到 8.5, 加入活性炭 30克 (含活性炭 0.5%), 煮沸 6分钟, 趁热抽滤, 滤除活 性炭, 再用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜过滤, 用水定容至 6000ml;
c、 105^:热压灭菌 10分钟, 取出, 放至常温, 用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜 过滤, 分装至西林瓶, 每支 6ml, 半压塞, 置冻干机中, 预冻 4.5小 时;
d、 按照预冻条件, 在真空度为 O.lPa状态下, 从预冻温度至 升温 升华 25小时, 再从 至 升温干燥 6小时;
e、 在升华和干燥的真空状态下压塞, 出箱, 压铝盖, 灯检, 包装。 产量: 952支; 总黄酮: 34.93mg/g; 总皂苷: 43.90mg/g; 淫羊藿苷: 11.35mg/g; 人参皂苷 Rbl: 11.07mg/g。
实施例 7: 冻干注射剂的制备 4
原料重量比例:
人参总皂苷提取物 45克 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 35克 羟丙基 - P -环糊精 700克
制备方法: a、 将羟丙基 - β -环糊精加水 2800ml溶解制成 25%的溶液, 将淫羊藿 总黄酮提取物加水 1000ml(3.5%)溶解, 分次緩慢加入羟丙基- β -环糊精溶 液中, 保温 60 ± 1 , 动态搅拌包合, 包合时间 4小时, 将人参总皂苷 提取物加水 150ml(30%)加热溶解, 加入包合液中, 继续包合 1.5小时; b、 加水调节溶液总量至 6000ml, 用 15%的氢氧化钠溶液调节 PH到
6, 加入活性炭 18克 (含活性炭 0.3% ), 煮沸 25分钟, 趁热滤除活性炭, 再用 0.22 μ m微孔滤膜过滤, 用水定容至 6000ml;
c、 105^:热压灭菌 20分钟, 取出, 放至常温, 用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜 过滤, 分装至西林瓶, 每支 6ml, 半压塞, 置冻干机中, 预冻 4小时; d、 按照预冻条件, 在真空度为 0.45Pa状态下, 从预冻温度至 升 温升华 30小时, 再从 至 升温干燥 6.5小时;
e、 在升华和干燥的真空状态下压塞, 出箱, 压铝盖, 灯检, 包装。 检测结果:
产量: 915支; 总黄酮: 24.1mg/g; 总皂苷: 33.70mg/g; 淫羊藿苷: 8.21mg/g; 人参皂苷 Rbl: 8.77mg/g。
实施例 8: 冻干注射剂的制备 5
原料重量比例:
人参总皂苷提取物 60 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 50 羟丙基- β -环糊 精 700
制备方法:
a、 将羟丙基- β -环糊精加水 4000ml溶解制成 17.5%的溶液, 将淫羊 藿总黄酮提取物加水 1500(3.33%)溶解,分次緩慢加入羟丙基- β -环糊精溶 液中, 保温 85C 动态搅拌包合, 包合时间 8小时, 将人参总皂苷提取物 加水 150ml(40%)溶解, 加入包合液中, 继续包合 1小时;
b、 加水调节溶液总量至 6000ml, 用 8%的氢氧化钠溶液调节 PH到 7.5,加入活性炭 24克(含活性炭 0.4% ), 煮沸 10分钟,趁热滤除活性炭, 再用 0.22 μ m微孔滤膜过滤, 用水定容至 6000ml; c、 热压灭菌 30分钟, 取出, 放至常温, 用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜 过滤, 分装至西林瓶, 每支 6ml, 半压塞, 置冻干机中, 预冻 3.5 小时;
d、 按照预冻条件, 在真空度为 0.05Pa状态下, 从预冻温度至 升 温升华 35小时, 再从 至 升温干燥 8小时;
e、 在升华和干燥的真空状态下压塞, 出箱, 压铝盖, 灯检, 包装。 检测结果:
产量: 966支; 总黄酮: 28.9mg/g; 总皂苷: 38.47mg/g; 淫羊藿苷: 9.77mg/g; 人参皂苷 Rbl: 9.37mg/g。
实施例 9: 冻干注射剂的制备 6
原料重量比例:
人参总皂苷提取物 50克 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物 45克 羟丙基 - P -环糊精 800克。
制备方法:
a、 将羟丙基 - β -环糊精加水 5000ml溶解制成 16%的溶液, 将淫羊藿 总黄酮提取物加水 450ml制成 10%的溶液, 分次緩慢加入羟丙基- β -环糊 精溶液中, 保温 90C 动态搅拌包合, 包合时间 5.5小时, 将人参总皂苷 提取物加水 125ml(40%)加热溶解, 加入包合液中, 继续包合 1.5小时; b、 加水调节溶液总量至 6000ml, 用 12.5%的氢氧化钠溶液调节 PH 到 7.5,加入活性炭 18克 (含活性炭 0.3%), 煮沸 8分钟,趁热滤除活性炭, 再用 0.22 μ m微孔滤膜过滤, 用水定容至 6000ml;
c、 105^:热压灭菌 20分钟, 取出, 放至常温, 用 0.22 μ ιη微孔滤膜 过滤, 分装至西林瓶, 每支 6ml, 半压塞, 置冻干机中, 预冻 3.5小 时;
d、 按照预冻条件, 在真空度为 0.25Pa状态下, 从预冻温度至 升 温升华 28小时, 再从 至 升温干燥 5小时;
e、 在升华和干燥的真空状态下压塞, 出箱, 压铝盖, 灯检, 包装。 检测结果:
产量: 938支; 总黄酮: 27.1mg/g; 总皂苷: 35.18mg/g; 淫羊藿苷: 8.63mg/g; 人参皂苷 Rbl: 9.11mg/g„
实施例 10. 制剂稳定性
为验证该中药冻干注射剂的工艺稳定性, 发明人进行了按照实施例 4的 原料配比及制备方法进行了制剂重复性制备, 连续生产三批, 并对质控指标 进行了测定, 结果见表 4, 所有结果均符合规定。并采用室温留样观察法和加 速试验法进行了稳定性研究, 具体结果为: (1 )加速试验法: 取供试品三批 ( 20090203、 20090301、 20090302 ), 在上市包装条件下, 于温度 40±2°C、 相 对湿度 75±5 %的条件下, 放置观察 6个月, 分别于 0、 1、 2、 3、 6个月取样 进行检测,结果见表 5。(2 )室温留样法:取供试品三批(20090203、 20090301、 20090302 ), 在上市包装条件下, 于室温条件下, 放置观察 6个月, 分别于 0、 3、 6个月取样进行检测, 结果见表 6, 考察指标: 人参皂苷 Rbl、 总皂苷、 淫 羊藿苷、 总黄酮及相对 0天变化率。 在 6个月末, 所有指标均符合制剂学的 要求。
表 4 三批中试成品结果
Figure imgf000015_0001
由表可知, 三批中试成品成品率在 95%以上, 且数据稳定, 该制剂工艺切实可行。
表 5加速实验成分变化率 力口速 总皂
总黄酮 变化 变化 淫羊 变化 人参皂苷 变化 批号 时间 苷 藿苷
(mg/g) 率(%) (mg/g) 率(%) (mg/g) 率(%) Rbi(mg/g) 率(%)
0天 24.7 100 34.7 100 9.47 100 8.27 100
1月 24.5 99.19 33.9 97.69 9.12 96.30 8.18 98.91
090203 2月 24.8 100.40 35.1 101.15 9.33 98.52 8.07 97.58
3月 24.3 98.38 34.9 100.58 9.43 99.58 8.29 100.24
6月 24.1 97.57 33.7 97.12 9.22 97.36 8.19 99.03
0天 25.7 100 34.3 100 8.99 100 9.08 100
1月 25.1 97.67 34.2 99.71 9.17 102.00 8.89 97.91
090301 2月 25.9 100.78 34.1 99.42 9.01 100.22 8.94 98.46
3月 26.1 101.56 34.5 100.58 8.87 98.67 8.95 98.57
6月 25.3 98.44 33.8 98.54 8.91 99.11 9.13 100.55
0天 25.6 100 38.7 100 8.17 100 9.09 100
1月 25.7 100.39 38.1 98.45 8.吟^15 99.76 9.12 100.33
090302
2月 24.9 97.27 37.5 96.90 8.47 103.67 9.01 99.12
3月 26.1 101.95 37.9 97.93 8.02 98.16 8.99 98.90
6月 25.5 99.61 36.8 95.09 7.98 97.67 8.97 98.68
表 6 常温稳定性成分变化率
留样 总黄酮 变化 总皂苷 变化 变化 人参皂苷 变化 批号 时间
(mg/g) 率(%) (mg/g) 率(%) 率(%) Rbi(mg/g) 率(%)
3月 25.1 101.62 35.1 101.15 9.71 102.53 8.49 102.66
6月 25.4 102.83 34.2 98.56 9.27 97.89 8.43 101.93
3
ΠΟΠ1Π1 月 25.7 104.05 34.9 100.58 9.54 100.74 8.39 101.45
6月 24.9 100.81 35.9 103.46 9.23 97.47 8.25 99.76
3月 24.5 99.19 35.7 102.88 9.67 102.11 8.18 98.91
6月 25.2 102.02 35.6 102.59 9.55 100.84 8.33 100.73 由上述研究结果可见, 本发明中药冻干注射液质量稳定, 工艺可靠, 可以实现工业规模生产。 实施例 11. 淫羊藿总黄酮和人参总皂苷的含量测定方法 另外, 本发明还提供了本发明冻干注射液中淫羊藿总黄酮和人参总皂苷 的含量测定方法, 所述方法如下所述:
1. 淫羊藿总黄酮的含量测定方法
按《中国药典》 2005年版一部"淫羊藿"项下"含量测定,,之"总黄酮 "的测 定方法采用紫外分光光度法( 270nm测定)。
( 1 )对照品溶液的制备: 精密称取淫羊藿苷对照品适量, 加稀乙醇制成 每 1ml含淫羊藿苷 O.Olm 的对照品溶液。
( 2 )供试品溶液的制备: 取本发明冻干粉针 3支, 取出内容物混匀, 从 中精密称量 0.80g粉末, 至 10ml容量瓶中, 用稀乙醇溶液溶解并定容。 从中 精密量取 30ul置具塞比色管中, 加稀乙醇至 6.5ml, 即得。
( 3 )测定法: 以收集的空白溶剂为空白, 在 270nm处测定供试品溶液 的吸收度 A值, 计算淫羊藿总黄酮含量, 即得。
2人参总皂苷的含量测定方法 照分光光度法(《中国药典》 2005年版一部附录 V A )测定。
( 1 )对照品溶液的制备: 精密称取人参皂苷 Rbl对照品适量, 加稀乙醇 制成每 1ml含人参皂苷 Rbl 0.20m 的对照品溶液。
( 2 )供试品溶液的制备: 取本发明冻干粉针 3支, 取出内容物混匀, 从 中精密称量 0.8g粉末, 加少量水溶解, 用正丁醇萃取 3次, 每次 10ml, 留取 正丁醇层, 水浴蒸干, 残渣用稀乙醇溶液溶解并定容至 10ml容量瓶中。 溶液 置具塞比色管中, 即得;
( 3 )测定法: 精密量取人参皂苷 Rbl对照品溶液和供试品溶液适量, 水 浴挥干溶剂, 精密加入新配制的 5%香草醛水醋酸溶液 0.2ml、 高氯酸 0.8ml, 摇匀, 在 70°C水浴中加热 20min, 取出后水水浴冷却 10min, 加水醋酸定容 至 6ml,摇匀, 以随行试剂为空白,在波长 543nm处测定吸收度 A值, 即得。 已结合多个实施方案描述了本发明, 但这并不意味着本发明局限于这 些具体的实施方案。 相反, 本领域技术人员会理解, 本发明涵盖了各种可 能的替代、 改变和等价方式。 凡是在本发明范围内所做出的具体实施方式 及应用上的各种变动, 都落在本发明的范围内。
此外,在本说明书与通过引用并入本文的参考文件存在相矛盾和 /或不 一致的内容的情况下, 以本说明书为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种包含人参总皂苷提取物和淫羊藿总黄酮提取物的环糊精包合 物, 其中人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 30-70: 20-60: 600-1000»
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的环糊精包合物, 其中所述环糊精为羟丙基 -P-环糊精。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的环糊精包合物, 其中人参总皂苷提取 物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 35: 55: 900。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的环糊精包合物, 其中人参总皂苷提取 物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 65: 25: 650。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的环糊精包合物, 其中人参总皂苷提取 物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物与环糊精的重量比例为 50: 40: 800。
6. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的环糊精包合物, 其中含人参皂苷 Rbl 为 6.0 ~ 12.0mg/g, 淫羊藿苷为 5.5 ~ 13.0mg/g, 总黄酮以淫羊藿苷为指标 计为 18.00 ~ 36.00 mg/g , 总皂苷以人参皂苷 Rbl为指标计为 20.00 ~ 50.00 mg
7. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的环糊精包合物, 其中含人参皂苷 Rbl 为 8.0 ~ 10.0mg/g, 淫羊藿苷为 7.0 ~ 10.mg/g, 总黄酮以淫羊藿苷为指标计 为 24.00 ~ 30.00 mg/g , 总皂苷以人参皂苷 Rbl为指标计为 31.00 ~ 39.00 mg
8. 制备根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项的环糊精包合物的方法, 包括 将所述比例的人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物或其溶液用所述比 例的环糊精或其溶液包合的步骤。
9. 根据权利要求 8的方法, 其中在所述包合步骤中, 先将淫羊藿总 黄酮提取物包合, 然后再将人参总皂苷提取物包合。
10. 根据权利要求 8或 9的方法,其中所述包合步骤是在动态搅拌下 进行的, 并且所述人参总皂苷提取物、 淫羊藿总黄酮提取物和环糊精均以 水溶液形式提供。
11. 根据权利要求 10的方法, 其中所述包合步骤在 50至 90°C的温 度下进行。
12. 包含权利要求 1至 7中任一项的环糊精包合物的药物制剂,其任 选地包含其它可药用赋形剂和 /或载体。
13. 根据权利要求 12的药物制剂, 其为片剂、 散剂、 胶嚢剂、 颗粒 剂、 丸剂、 乳剂或冻干注射剂。
14. 根据权利要求 12的药物制剂, 其为冻干注射剂。
15. 权利要求 1至 7中任一项的环糊精包合物在制备药物制剂中的用 途。
PCT/CN2011/070597 2011-01-25 2011-01-25 一种环糊精包合物、其制备方法以及包含所述包合物的药物制剂 WO2012100408A1 (zh)

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