WO2012093572A1 - 温度センサおよび温度センサ取り付け構造 - Google Patents
温度センサおよび温度センサ取り付け構造 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012093572A1 WO2012093572A1 PCT/JP2011/079137 JP2011079137W WO2012093572A1 WO 2012093572 A1 WO2012093572 A1 WO 2012093572A1 JP 2011079137 W JP2011079137 W JP 2011079137W WO 2012093572 A1 WO2012093572 A1 WO 2012093572A1
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- thermistor
- flexible
- layer
- temperature sensor
- temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a temperature sensor and a temperature sensor mounting structure.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a thermistor element is arranged on a flexible substrate.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor unit 30 that detects the temperature of the power generation element disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the sensor unit 30 includes a flexible substrate 31, a thermistor element (temperature information detection element) 32 and signal lines 33 and 35 formed on the surface of the flexible substrate 31.
- the flexible substrate 31 is covered with a protective film 36. That is, the flexible substrate 31 including the thermistor element 32 and the signal lines 33 and 35 is sandwiched between two sheet-like protective films 36, and the outer edge portions of the two protective films 36 are fixed to each other.
- the sensor unit of Patent Document 1 arranges a thin temperature information detection element on a flexible substrate and unitizes it, thereby more accurately detecting the temperature of the power generation element while limiting the stress load on the power generation element.
- the purpose is that.
- the sensor unit of Patent Document 1 is characterized in that the temperature information detection element is connected to a connection part in which the thickness of the flexible substrate in the thickness direction is partially reduced.
- This temperature information detection element itself is not flexible. For this reason, even if it is a temperature information detection element formed with the thin film, when a load is added, a crack will arise in temperature information detection element itself. In this case, it does not function as a temperature sensor.
- the temperature information detection element since the temperature information detection element is housed inside the flexible substrate, the temperature information detection element does not directly contact the object to be detected and the heat conduction is poor, so the heat of the detection target is directly detected. Hateful. In particular, there is a problem that the detection accuracy is significantly deteriorated when the amount of heat generated by the temperature detection object is small.
- a general chip component mounts on a flexible substrate.
- the general chip component has a thickness of about 200 ⁇ m (so-called 0402 size) and is generally flexible. It is very thick for the substrate thickness of 80-100 ⁇ m. For this reason, when the pressure from an upper surface is added, there exists a subject that temperature detection becomes impossible because a crack enters into a chip part.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature sensor and a temperature sensor mounting structure that can directly detect the heat of a detection target without impairing the flexibility of a flexible substrate.
- the temperature sensor of the present invention includes a metal substrate, a thermistor layer having a thickness smaller than that of the metal substrate formed on the metal substrate, and a pair of divided electrodes formed on the thermistor layer, A flexible thermistor with A base layer, a wiring conductor layer formed on the base layer, and a flexible substrate having a cover layer laminated on the base layer and covering the wiring conductor layer, The cover layer is formed with an opening configured to expose a part of the wiring conductor layer, The flexible thermistor is housed in the opening, and the split electrode of the flexible thermistor is electrically connected to the wiring conductor layer exposed from the opening, The height of the surface of the cover layer and the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor are substantially the same.
- the height of the surface of the cover layer is the same as the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor when pressed against the flexible substrate in the thickness direction.
- the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor is preferably within a range of ⁇ 20% with respect to the surface of the cover layer.
- a temperature sensor mounting structure is a temperature sensor mounting structure including the temperature sensor according to any one of (1) to (3) above, and the metal substrate of the flexible thermistor is subjected to a temperature.
- the temperature sensor is arranged so as to be close to or in contact with the detected object.
- the stress load applied to the thermistor can be reduced, and the thermistor element can be prevented from being destroyed as much as possible.
- the tolerance with respect to a stress load is high, it becomes possible to press and adhere to a temperature detection object, and the effect of improving temperature detection accuracy is high.
- the temperature sensor has flexibility, even if the outer surface of the temperature detection target object that is the contact surface is a curved surface, the temperature sensor is arranged along the curved surface, and high thermal responsiveness is obtained. Can detect the temperature of the temperature detection object. Furthermore, since the stress load on the temperature detection object is reduced, damage to the temperature detection object can be prevented.
- the resistance to stress load is high, it is possible to press and adhere to the temperature detection object, and the effect of improving the temperature detection accuracy is high.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of a flexible thermistor
- FIG. 1B is a front view thereof.
- FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a path of a current flowing through the flexible thermistor 1A.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a manufacturing method of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor 6A according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the temperature sensor 6A.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a temperature sensor 6B according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor mounting structure according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a temperature sensor mounting structure when the cylindrical secondary battery is the temperature detection object 7.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a temperature sensor 6C of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 11A is a partial cross-sectional view of an RFID tag 201 according to the sixth embodiment.
- 12A is an exploded perspective view of the RFID tag 201
- FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG.
- FIG. 13A is a perspective view of a battery pack with a temperature sensor according to the seventh embodiment
- FIG. 13B is a schematic view showing the state of the battery surface.
- FIG. 14A and 14B are perspective views showing the internal structure of the battery pack with temperature sensor according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the axial direction of the batteries 163A and 163B.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic apparatus 101 according to the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 17A is an exploded perspective view of the electronic device 102 of the eleventh embodiment, and
- FIG. 17B is a side view thereof.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the thickness dimension of each part of the flexible thermistor.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the magnitude relationship between the total thickness of the flexible substrate and the height of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a temperature increase curve of the temperature detection object.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a temperature increase curve of the temperature detection object.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the relationship between the crack generation rate and the temperature detection accuracy with respect to the difference between the total thickness of the flexible substrate and the height of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the relationship between the crack generation rate and the temperature detection accuracy with respect to the difference between the total thickness of the flexible substrate and the height of the flexible thermistor 1A for the temperature sensor having the total thickness of the flexible substrate different from the example of FIG. is there.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the sensor unit 30 that detects the temperature of the power generation element disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 1A is a plan view of a flexible thermistor
- FIG. 1B is a front view thereof.
- the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A includes a metal substrate 11, a thermistor layer 15 formed on the metal substrate 11, and a pair of divided electrodes 21 and 22 formed on the thermistor layer 15.
- the metal substrate 11 is obtained by firing a sheet-like formed body of metal powder paste
- the thermistor layer 15 is obtained by firing a sheet-like formed body of ceramic slurry
- the divided electrodes 21 and 22 are obtained by firing an electrode material paste. It is.
- the metal powder paste sheet-shaped body, the ceramic slurry sheet-shaped body and the electrode paste are obtained by integrally firing these three. Note that at least the metal substrate 11 and the thermistor layer 15 may be integrally fired.
- the metal substrate 11 has a thickness of about 10 to 80 ⁇ m
- the thermistor layer 15 has a thickness of about 1 to 10 ⁇ m
- the divided electrodes 21 and 22 have a thickness of about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m
- the total thickness of the flexible thermistor 1A is 10 to 100 ⁇ m. Degree.
- the thickness of the thermistor layer 15 is thinner than the thickness of the metal base material 11 and the abundance ratio of the metal base material 11 in the entire flexible thermistor 1A is high, flexibility (flexibility) can be given to the thermistor. it can.
- the thermistor layer 15 various ceramic materials containing an appropriate amount of Mn, Ni, Fe, Ti, Co, Al, Zn and the like in any combination can be used.
- the oxide of the transition metal element is used for mixing, but carbonate, hydroxide, or the like of the element may be used as a starting material.
- a simple metal such as Ag, Pd, Pt, or Au or a base metal such as Cu, Ni, Al, W, or Ti, or an alloy containing them can be used. .
- FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- the divided electrodes 21 and 22 serve as input / output terminals, and the resistors R1 and R2 are formed by the thermistor layer 15 and are electrically connected in series via the metal base 11. That is, the thermistor circuit is configured by the resistors R1 and R2 by the thermistor layer 15 sandwiched in the thickness direction between the divided electrodes 21 and 22 and the metal substrate 11.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a path of a current flowing through the flexible thermistor 1A. Since the divided electrodes 21 and 22 are formed on the surface of the thermistor layer 15, the path through the thermistor layer 15 and the metal substrate 11 at the portion in contact with the divided electrodes 21 and 22 as shown by arrows in FIG. Current flows. Since the flexible thermistor 1A is flexible, cracks and the like are unlikely to occur. However, if excessive stress is applied locally, cracks may occur in the central portion of the thermistor layer 15.
- the portion is not a current-carrying path, which affects the electrical characteristics of the thermistor. There is also a merit that there is no.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an example of a manufacturing method of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- a raw material of the thermistor layer 15 an oxide of Mn—Ni—Fe—Ti is weighed so as to have a predetermined composition, and sufficiently wet pulverized by a ball mill using a pulverizing medium such as zirconia, and then The ceramic powder is obtained by calcining at a temperature.
- each mother sheet on which the divided electrodes 21 and 22 are formed is cut into a unit of thermistor (see FIG. 4 (E)), accommodated in a zirconia cage, subjected to a binder removal process, and then subjected to a predetermined temperature (for example, it is fired at 900 to 1300 ° C.
- the flexible thermistor 1A which consists of the metal base material 11, the thermistor layer 15, and the division
- a doctor blade method is generally used, but screen printing, gravure printing, and an inkjet method may be used.
- the divided electrodes 21 and 22 can be formed by screen printing, sputtering, vapor deposition, or the like.
- FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor 6A according to the first embodiment.
- This temperature sensor 6A has a structure in which a flexible thermistor 1A is mounted on a flexible substrate 5A.
- the flexible substrate 5 ⁇ / b> A includes a base layer 51, a wiring conductor layer 52 formed on the base layer 51, and a cover layer 53 laminated on the base layer 51 to cover the wiring conductor layer 52.
- FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the temperature sensor 6A.
- the temperature sensor 6A has a ribbon shape, and an external connection terminal 55 for connection to an external temperature detection circuit is formed at one end of the wiring conductor layer 52 formed on the base layer 51 of the temperature sensor 6A. .
- the external connection terminal 55 is electrically connected to the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A through the wiring conductor layer 52.
- the base layer 51 is a film of polyimide or solder resist material having a thickness of about 10 to 50 ⁇ m (for example, 30 ⁇ m).
- the wiring conductor layer 52 is a wiring made of a conductive foil such as Cu having a thickness of about 5 to 60 ⁇ m (for example, 35 ⁇ m), and is joined to the base layer 51 directly or via an adhesive layer.
- the cover layer 53 is a film of polyimide or solder resist material having a thickness of about 7 to 250 ⁇ m (for example, 40 ⁇ m).
- connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 Part of the wiring conductor layer 52 is formed as connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 for connecting the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- the cover layer 53 is formed with a rectangular opening H that exposes the connecting portions 52P1 and 52P2 and accommodates the flexible thermistor 1A.
- the size of the opening H is the same as or slightly larger than that of the flexible thermistor 1A.
- the flexible thermistor 1A is housed in the opening H, and the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 1A are mounted on the connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 of the wiring conductor layer 52 by a reflow soldering method. That is, they are connected via the solder layer 54.
- the thickness dimension of the solder layer 54 is 15 ⁇ m
- the thickness dimension of the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 1A is 5 ⁇ m
- the total thickness dimension of the thermistor layer 15 of the flexible thermistor 1A and the metal substrate 11 is 20 ⁇ m.
- the total thickness (the thickness from the exposed surface of the wiring conductor layer 52 to the exposed surface of the thermistor layer 15) including the solder layer 54, the divided electrodes 21 and 22, the thermistor layer 15 and the metal substrate 11 is 40 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the cover layer 53 is equal to 40 ⁇ m.
- the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 and the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 1A coincide with each other as indicated by the broken line in the drawing. Can be made.
- the thickness from the outer surface (back surface) of the base layer 51 to the outer surface (front surface) of the cover layer 53 and the thickness from the outer surface (back surface) of the base layer 51 to the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 1A are substantially equal. Is the same.
- the thermistor is a flexible thermistor having flexibility
- the detection surface can be brought into close contact with the temperature detection object.
- the metal substrate of the flexible thermistor 1A comes into direct contact with the temperature detection object. Therefore, even when the amount of heat of the temperature detection object is small, the thermal response is high, and the temperature detection accuracy can be improved as compared with the case where the thermistor layer is in direct contact with the temperature detection object.
- the thickness from the surface of the wiring conductor layer 52 to the exposed surface of the thermistor layer 15 is the same, but it need not be completely the same, and may be substantially the same thickness. .
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a temperature sensor 6B according to the second embodiment.
- This temperature sensor 6B has a structure in which a flexible thermistor 1A is mounted on a flexible substrate 5B.
- the flexible substrate 5 ⁇ / b> B includes a base layer 51, a wiring conductor layer 52 formed on the base layer 51, and a cover layer 53 that is laminated on the base layer 51 and covers the wiring conductor layer 52.
- the mounting surface of the flexible thermistor 1A is flat. That is, the base layer 51 is formed thick in the range where the wiring conductor layer 52 is not formed. In the cross-sectional position shown in FIG. 6, a protrusion 51 ⁇ / b> P that is equal to the thickness of the wiring conductor layer 52 is formed on the base layer 51 on the mounting surface of the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A.
- the protruding portion 51P equal to the thickness of the wiring conductor layer 52 is formed on the base layer 51, the strength as the temperature sensor 6B can be increased, and the flexible thermistor 1A can be used in the usage state. Since the stress concentration on the mounting region is alleviated, the stress due to the pressure on the temperature detection object is further alleviated.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor mounting structure according to the third embodiment.
- the temperature sensor 6A has the structure as shown in the first embodiment.
- the temperature detection object 7 is, for example, a heating element, and a temperature sensor 6A is attached to the temperature detection object 7.
- the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A contacts or approaches the temperature detection object 7. That is, the surface of the temperature sensor 6 ⁇ / b> A where the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A is exposed is attached to the temperature detection object 7.
- the flexible thermistor 1A comes into contact with the temperature detection object 7.
- the stress load applied to the flexible thermistor 1A can be reduced, and the thermistor can be prevented from being broken (cracked).
- the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 1A may be within a range of ⁇ 20% with respect to the height of the surface of the cover layer 53. That is, the above-described effects can be obtained in general if the relation of the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor ⁇ the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 1.2.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a temperature sensor mounting structure when the cylindrical secondary battery is the temperature detection object 7.
- the temperature sensor 6A has a ribbon shape, and is wound in the circumferential direction so that the flexible thermistor 1A is in contact with the temperature detection object 7 that is a secondary battery.
- An external connection terminal 55 for connection to an external temperature detection circuit is formed at one end of the temperature sensor 6A.
- the external connection terminal 55 is electrically connected to the divided electrode of the flexible thermistor 1A through the wiring conductor layer 52.
- the temperature sensor 6A of the present invention is flexible as a whole, it is highly resistant to primary bending stress when the sensor is placed, and can be placed (applied) on a curved surface as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a temperature sensor according to the fourth embodiment.
- the flexible thermistor 1B is formed by forming the electrically insulating protective layer 16 around the flexible thermistor shown in FIG. 1, and forming the Ni plating layer 23 and the Sn plating layer 24 on the divided electrodes 21 and 22. is there.
- the flexible thermistor 1B is mounted on the connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 of the flexible substrate through the solder 54 by the reflow soldering method.
- the present invention can be applied as it is even when the temperature detection object is electrically connected to a certain circuit.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a temperature sensor 6C of the fifth embodiment.
- the lower base layer 51B, the lower wiring conductor layer 52L, the internal base layer 51M, the upper wiring conductor layer 52U, and the cover layer 53 constitute a flexible substrate 5C.
- the temperature sensor 6B is the same as the temperature sensor 6B shown in the second embodiment except that it includes two base layers and two wiring conductor layers.
- a plurality of base layers and wiring conductor layers may be formed. Furthermore, a plurality of cover layers may be formed.
- the sixth embodiment shows an RFID tag with a temperature sensor.
- FIG. 11A is a partial cross-sectional view of an RFID tag 201 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the flexible thermistor 31 is mounted on a flexible substrate 61 that is an RFID substrate.
- the flexible substrate 61 includes a base layer 51, a wiring conductor layer 52 formed on the base layer 51, and a cover layer 53 laminated on the base layer 51 and covering the wiring conductor layer 52.
- FIG. 11B is a partial plan view of the RFID tag 201.
- the RFID tag 201 has a short ribbon shape.
- the base layer 51 is a film of polyimide or solder resist material having a thickness of about 10 to 50 ⁇ m (for example, 30 ⁇ m).
- the wiring conductor layer 52 is a wiring made of a conductive foil such as Cu having a thickness of about 5 to 60 ⁇ m (for example, 35 ⁇ m), and is joined to the base layer 51 directly or via an adhesive layer.
- the cover layer 53 is a film of polyimide or solder resist material having a thickness of about 7 to 250 ⁇ m (for example, 40 ⁇ m).
- connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 Part of the wiring conductor layer 52 is formed as connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 for connecting the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 31.
- the cover layer 53 is formed with a rectangular opening H that exposes the connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 and accommodates the flexible thermistor 31.
- the size of the opening H is the same as or slightly larger than that of the flexible thermistor 31.
- the flexible thermistor 31 is housed in the opening H, and the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 31 are mounted on the connection portions 52P1 and 52P2 of the wiring conductor layer 52 by a reflow soldering method. That is, they are connected via the solder layer 54.
- the thickness dimension of the solder layer 54 is 15 ⁇ m
- the thickness dimension of the divided electrodes 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 31 is 5 ⁇ m
- the total thickness dimension of the thermistor layer 15 of the flexible thermistor 31 and the metal substrate 11 is 20 ⁇ m.
- the total thickness (the thickness from the exposed surface of the wiring conductor layer 52 to the exposed surface of the thermistor layer 15) including the solder layer 54, the divided electrodes 21 and 22, the thermistor layer 15 and the metal substrate 11 is 40 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the cover layer 53 is equal to 40 ⁇ m.
- the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 and the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 31 (the outer surface of the metal substrate 11 shown in FIG. 1). Can be matched.
- the thickness from the outer surface (back surface) of the base layer 51 to the outer surface (front surface) of the cover layer 53 and the thickness from the outer surface (back surface) of the base layer 51 to the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 31 are substantially equal. Is the same.
- the thermistor is a flexible thermistor having flexibility
- the detection surface can be brought into close contact with the temperature detection object.
- the metal substrate of the flexible thermistor 31 is in direct contact with the temperature detection object. Therefore, even when the amount of heat of the temperature detection object is small, the thermal response is high, and the temperature detection accuracy can be improved as compared with the case where the thermistor layer is in direct contact with the temperature detection object.
- the thickness from the surface of the wiring conductor layer 52 to the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 31 is the same, but it need not be completely the same, and may be substantially the same thickness. .
- FIG. 12A is an exploded perspective view of the RFID tag 201
- FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ in FIG. 12A.
- a flexible thermistor 31 is mounted together with an RFID tag circuit component 62 on a base layer 51 of a flexible substrate serving as an RFID substrate.
- the flexible thermistor 31 is electrically connected to the wiring conductor layer 52 formed on the upper surface of the base layer 51 of the flexible substrate by soldering.
- the wiring conductor layer 52 is electrically connected to electrodes of other mounting components or other mounting components.
- the split electrode sides 21 and 22 of the flexible thermistor 31 face the base layer 51 side, and the flexible thermistor 31 is in contact with or close to the base layer 51 of the RFID substrate.
- a cover layer 53 is formed on the wiring conductor layer 52.
- An opening H is formed in the cover layer 53, and the flexible thermistor 31 is accommodated in the opening so that the surface of the flexible thermistor 31 is exposed from the opening H.
- the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 31 is disposed in contact with the temperature detection target. Therefore, the temperature of the detected object can be detected with high thermal responsiveness and high temperature detection accuracy.
- the flexible thermistor 31 is flexible.
- the stress load applied to the flexible thermistor 31 can be reduced, and the thermistor can be prevented from being broken (cracked). Further, since the flexible thermistor 31 is not exposed to the outside, high environmental resistance can be obtained.
- the lower surface of the base layer 51 of the flexible substrate may be attached to the temperature detection object via an adhesive sheet or the like.
- the wiring conductor layer is formed on the same plane as the base layer. However, a plurality of base layers and wiring conductor layers may be laminated. It is not necessary to be formed on the same base layer surface.
- the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 31 may be within a range of ⁇ 20% with respect to the height of the surface of the cover layer 53. That is, the above-described effects can be obtained in general if the relation of the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor ⁇ the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 1.2.
- the RFID tag described above can be used for the following applications. (1) Labels of foods and beverages for which temperature management is to be performed (2) In order to collect and manage body temperature information for a certain period of time, seal it and attach it to the body (3) Use it as a seal as a sensor for high-temperature danger points (4) In order to measure the body temperature of a pet and manage its health, it is incorporated into a collar or pasted in a seal.
- FIG. 13A is a perspective view of a battery pack with a temperature sensor according to the seventh embodiment
- FIG. 13B is a schematic view showing the state of the battery surface.
- This battery pack with temperature sensor 201 includes a battery 162 and a substrate 162 on which a charge control circuit and the like are configured, and a temperature sensor 101.
- the battery 161 is a laminate-type battery, and the outer surface thereof is flexible and has an irregular surface as shown in FIG.
- the temperature sensor 101 is attached along the outer surface of the battery 161 via an adhesive sheet or the like. Alternatively, it may be directly adhered to the outer surface of the battery 161 without using an adhesive sheet or the like.
- the battery 161, the substrate 162, and the temperature sensor 101 shown in FIG. 13A are all packed with a resin film to constitute a battery pack with a temperature sensor.
- the flexible thermistor 31 of the temperature sensor 101 is exposed to the battery 161 side, and the flexible thermistor 31 is in contact with or close to the battery 161.
- the flexible thermistor 31 is When the battery 161 comes into contact, the stress load applied to the flexible thermistor 31 can be reduced, and the thermistor can be prevented from being broken (cracked).
- the flexible thermistor 31 is brought into close contact with the outer surface of the battery 161 in a state where the temperature sensor 101 is pressed against the battery 161 even if the outer surface of the battery 161 is an uneven surface. It is also possible to obtain high responsiveness and high temperature measurement accuracy. Therefore, for example, highly accurate control is possible when performing charge control and protection control according to the temperature of the battery.
- an additional element such as a temperature sensor is often arranged in a dead space.
- the temperature sensor 101 is very thin, the degree of freedom in arrangement is small. Because it is high, it can be placed in an optimal position. That is, it becomes possible to directly detect the temperature of the portion where the heat generation is most remarkable.
- the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 31 may be within a range of ⁇ 20% with respect to the height of the surface of the cover layer 53. That is, the above-described effects can be obtained in general if the relation of the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor ⁇ the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 1.2.
- the flexible thermistor 31 is provided on the flexible substrate 5A as the temperature sensor 101. However, even if the flexible thermistor 31 is arranged directly on the battery 161 and the wiring is drawn out in some form. Good.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are perspective views showing the internal structure of the battery pack with temperature sensor according to the eighth embodiment.
- the basic configuration of the temperature sensor 102 is as shown in FIG. 5, but in the second embodiment, two flexible thermistors 31A and 31B are arranged on a flexible substrate. Yes.
- the wiring conductor layers connected to the two flexible thermistors 31A and 31B are drawn out to the ends of the flexible substrate.
- the two flexible thermistors 31A and 31B may be connected in series or in parallel and pulled out to the end of the flexible substrate.
- the temperature sensor 102 is attached along the side surfaces of the two cylindrical batteries 163A and 163B.
- the outer surfaces of the batteries 163A and 163B are hard, but the temperature sensor 102 is in close contact with the outer surfaces of the batteries 163A and 163B, and the flexible thermistors 31A and 31B are in contact with the batteries 163A and 163B in that state. Or close. That is, of the surface of the temperature sensor 102, the exposed surfaces of the flexible thermistors 31A and 31B are attached to the batteries 163A and 163B.
- FIG. 15 is a front view of the main part of the battery pack of the ninth embodiment.
- Batteries 163A and 163B are cylindrical batteries, and FIG. 15 is a view of the batteries 163A and 163B as viewed in the axial direction.
- the temperature sensor 101 is sandwiched between two batteries 163A and 163B.
- the flexible thermistor 31 of the temperature sensor 101 is disposed at a position between the two batteries 163A and 163B.
- the configuration of the temperature sensor 101 is the same as that shown in FIG. 5 in the first embodiment.
- This structure allows the temperature of two batteries (cells) to be measured using a single flexible thermistor.
- the flexible thermistor 31 by disposing the flexible thermistor 31 at a position where the heat generated when the batteries 163A and 163B generate heat is not easily dissipated to the outside air, it is possible to quickly detect a temperature change at a stage where the amount of generated heat is small.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic apparatus 101 according to the tenth embodiment.
- the electronic device 101 includes a temperature detection object 7 that is a heating element, a heat radiating plate 8 that radiates heat from the temperature detection object 7, and the temperature sensor 6A.
- the to-be-temperature-detected object 7 indicates a structure that itself generates heat, or an electronic component that increases in temperature when used.
- the heat sink 8 corresponds to a “heat radiator” described in the claims of the present invention.
- the outer surface of the temperature detection object 7 is a curved surface, and the entire heat sink 8 is curved so as to follow the curved surface of the temperature detection object 7.
- the temperature sensor 6 ⁇ / b> A is attached along the curved surface of the heat sink 8 via an adhesive sheet or the like.
- the flexible thermistor 1A of the temperature sensor 6A is exposed to the temperature detection object 7 side, and the flexible thermistor 1A contacts or approaches the temperature detection object 7.
- the flexible thermistor 1A detects the temperature.
- the stress load applied to the flexible thermistor 1A can be reduced, and the thermistor can be prevented from being broken (cracked).
- the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 1A may be within a range of ⁇ 20% with respect to the height of the surface of the cover layer 53. That is, the above-described effects can be obtained in general if the relation of the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor ⁇ the height of the surface of the cover layer 53 ⁇ 1.2.
- the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A is arranged in the center of the opposed region between the temperature detection object 7 and the heat sink 8.
- the heat sink The temperature sensor 6 ⁇ / b> A may be arranged so that the flexible thermistor 1 ⁇ / b> A is in contact with or close to the heat detection target position 8.
- the temperature sensor 6A is provided with the flexible thermistor 1A on the flexible substrate 5A.
- the flexible thermistor 1A is directly arranged on the temperature detection object 7, and the wiring is drawn out in some form. Also good.
- FIG. 17A is an exploded perspective view of the electronic device 102 of the eleventh embodiment, and FIG. 17B is a side view thereof.
- the electronic device 102 includes a transistor element 2, a temperature sensor 6C that detects the temperature of the transistor element 2, and a heat sink 8.
- the transistor element 2 is a power transistor, and the temperature rises with use.
- the heat radiating plate 8 radiates heat generated by the transistor element 2.
- the temperature sensor 6 ⁇ / b> C is sandwiched between the heat radiating plate 8 and the transistor element 2 and is screwed with a screw 4.
- the temperature sensor 6C has a metal base 11 covered with insulation. Thereby, there is no possibility that the heat sink 8 or the transistor element 2 is electrically connected to the metal substrate 11.
- the present invention can be applied as it is even when the temperature detection object is electrically connected to a certain circuit.
- the surface load of the cover layer and the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor are matched, and a flexible thermistor is used as the thermistor to reduce the stress load applied to the thermistor in contact with the temperature detection object.
- a flexible thermistor is used as the thermistor to reduce the stress load applied to the thermistor in contact with the temperature detection object.
- the total thickness of the flexible substrate 5A (the height of the surface of the cover layer 53) is Tf
- the total thickness of the temperature sensor 6A including the flexible thermistor 1A (the height of the exposed surface of the flexible thermistor 1A).
- 19A shows an example in which Te>
- FIG. 19C shows an example in which Te ⁇ 0.
- FIG. 21A and FIG. 21B show the results when the total thickness Tf of the flexible substrate is 105 ⁇ m.
- the results in the case where the total thickness Tf of the flexible substrate is 210 ⁇ m are shown in FIGS. 22A and 22B.
- the effect of the evaluation 1 is more effective when it is placed on a curved surface where the stress is higher than when the contact is made by pressing, rather than by adhesion with a heat-resistant tape.
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Abstract
Description
ベース層、該ベース層上に形成された配線導体層、および前記ベース層に積層されて前記配線導体層を覆うカバー層を有するフレキシブル基板とを備え、
前記カバー層には前記配線導体層の一部が露出するように構成された開口部が形成されており、
前記フレキシブルサーミスタは前記開口部内に収納され、前記フレキシブルサーミスタの分割電極が、前記開口部から露出した前記配線導体層と電気的に接続されており、
前記カバー層の表面の高さと、前記フレキシブルサーミスタの露出面の高さとが、実質的に同じであることを特徴とする。
第1の実施形態である温度センサに備えるフレキシブルサーミスタの構成について先ず示す。
図1(A)はフレキシブルサーミスタの平面図、図1(B)はその正面図である。このフレキシブルサーミスタ1Aは、金属基材11と、この金属基材11上に形成されたサーミスタ層15と、このサーミスタ層15上に形成された一対の分割電極21,22とを備えている。金属基材11は金属粉ペーストのシート状形成体が焼成されたもの、サーミスタ層15はセラミックスラリーのシート状形成体が焼成されたもの、分割電極21,22は電極材料ペーストが焼成されたものである。前記金属粉ペーストのシート状形成体、セラミックスラリーのシート状形成体および電極ペーストは、これら三者が一体的に焼成されたものである。なお、少なくとも金属基材11とサーミスタ層15とが一体焼成されればよい。
まず、サーミスタ層15の原料として、Mn-Ni-Fe-Tiの酸化物を所定の配合となるように秤量し、ジルコニアなどの粉砕媒体を用いてボールミルにより十分に湿式粉砕し、その後、所定の温度で仮焼してセラミック粉末を得る。
図6は第2の実施形態である温度センサ6Bの断面図である。この温度センサ6Bはフレキシブルサーミスタ1Aがフレキシブル基板5Bに実装された構造を有する。フレキシブル基板5Bはベース層51、このベース層51上に形成された配線導体層52、およびベース層51に積層されて配線導体層52を覆うカバー層53を備えている。
図7は第3の実施形態である温度センサ取り付け構造を示す断面図である。図7において、温度センサ6Aは第1の実施形態で示したとおりの構造を備えている。被温度検出物7は例えば発熱体であり、この被温度検出物7に温度センサ6Aが貼付されている。この状態でフレキシブルサーミスタ1Aが被温度検出物7に当接または近接する。すなわち、温度センサ6Aの面のうち、フレキシブルサーミスタ1Aが露出している面が被温度検出物7に貼付される。
図9は第4の実施形態の温度センサを示す断面図である。この例では、フレキシブルサーミスタ1Bは、図1に示したフレキシブルサーミスタの周囲に電気絶縁性の保護層16を形成し、分割電極21,22にNiめっき層23およびSnめっき層24を形成したものである。フレキシブルサーミスタ1Bはフレキシブル基板の接続部52P1,52P2にはんだ54を介してリフローはんだ法によって実装される。
図10は第5の実施形態の温度センサ6Cを示す断面図である。この例では、下部ベース層51B、下部配線導体層52L、内部ベース層51M、上部配線導体層52U、カバー層53によってフレキシブル基板5Cが構成されている。二つのベース層および二つの配線導体層を備えていること以外は第2の実施形態で示した温度センサ6Bと同様である。
第6の実施形態では温度センサ付きのRFIDタグについて示す。
(1)温度管理を行いたい食品・飲料品のラベル
(2)体温情報を一定期間収集管理するために、シール状にして体に貼り付ける
(3)高温危険個所のセンサとして、シール状にして必要箇所に貼り付ける
(4)ペットの体温を測定して健康管理するために、首輪に組み込む、またはシール状にして貼り付ける。
図13(A)は第7の実施形態に係る温度センサ付き電池パックの斜視図、図13(B)は電池表面の様子を示す模式図である。この温度センサ付き電池パック201は、電池161とともに、充電制御回路などが構成された基板162および温度センサ101を備えている。電池161はラミネートタイプの電池であり、その外面は柔軟性を有し、図13(B)に示すように不定形な凹凸面である。温度センサ101は、電池161の外面に沿って粘着シートなどを介して貼付されている。または、粘着シートなどは介さずに電池161の外面に直接的に密着していてもよい。
図14(A)、図14(B)は第8の実施形態である温度センサ付き電池パックの内部構造を示す斜視図である。図14(A)、図14(B)において、温度センサ102の基本構成は図5に示したとおりであるが、第2の実施形態では二つのフレキシブルサーミスタ31A,31Bをフレキシブル基板に配置している。この二つのフレキシブルサーミスタ31A,31Bに接続された配線導体層はフレキシブル基板の端部にまでそれぞれ引き出されている。なお、二つのフレキシブルサーミスタ31A,31Bは直列接続または並列接続されてフレキシブル基板の端部に引き出されてもよい。
図15は第9の実施形態の電池パックの主要部の正面図である。電池163A,163Bは円柱状の電池であり、図15は電池163A,163Bの軸方向を見た図である。温度センサ101は二つの電池163A,163Bに挟まれている。温度センサ101のフレキシブルサーミスタ31は二つの電池163A,163Bに挟まれる位置に配置されている。温度センサ101の構成は第1の実施形態で図5に示したものと同様である。
図16は第10の実施形態に係る電子機器101の断面図である。この電子機器101は、発熱体である被温度検出物7、この被温度検出物7の熱を放熱する放熱板8および前記温度センサ6Aを備えている。被温度検出物7とは、それ自体が発熱するような構造物、または、使用により温度が上昇するような電子部品等を示す。放熱板8は本発明の特許請求の範囲に記載の「放熱体」に相当する。被温度検出物7の外面は曲面であり、この被温度検出物7の曲面に沿うように、放熱板8は全体が湾曲している。温度センサ6Aは、放熱板8の湾曲面に沿って粘着シートなどを介して貼付されている。
図17(A)は第11の実施形態の電子機器102の分解斜視図、図17(B)はその側面図である。この電子機器102はトランジスタ素子2、その温度を検知する温度センサ6Cおよび放熱板8を備えている。トランジスタ素子2はパワートランジスタであり、使用によって温度が上昇する。放熱板8はトランジスタ素子2が発生する熱を放熱する。温度センサ6Cは放熱板8とトランジスタ素子2との間に挟まれてネジ4によりネジ止めされる。
図18に示すように、フレキシブル基板5Aの総厚み(カバー層53の表面の高さ)をTf、フレキシブルサーミスタ1Aを含めた温度センサ6Aの総厚み(フレキシブルサーミスタ1Aの露出面の高さ)をTsとすると、この両者の差Te(=Ts-Tf)が異なる温度センサのサンプルを作製した。図19(A)はTe>0の例、図19(B)はTe=0の例、図19(C)はTe<0の例である。
被温度検出物表面に前記サンプルを耐熱テープで接着させ、-55℃から150℃までの温度サイクルを500サイクル実施する熱衝撃試験を行うことによって応力ストレスをかけ、実施後のサンプルのサーミスタ層自体、サーミスタ層と分割電極との界面、および分割電極とはんだ接合との界面におけるクラックの発生をカウントし、クラック発生率を算出した。
被温度検出物を図20に示すような昇温カーブで発熱させ、60秒後の被温度検出物の表面温度とフレキシブルサーミスタの検出温度との差を比較した。
1A,1B…フレキシブルサーミスタ
2…トランジスタ素子
4…ネジ
5A,5B,5C…フレキシブル基板
6A,6B,6C…温度センサ
7…被温度検出物
8…放熱板
11…金属基材
15…サーミスタ層
16…保護層
21,22…分割電極
23…Niめっき層
24…Snめっき層
31,32…フレキシブルサーミスタ
31A,31B…フレキシブルサーミスタ
51…ベース層
51P…突出部
52…配線導体層
52P1,52P2…接続部
53…カバー層
54…はんだ層
55…外部接続端子
61…フレキシブル基板
62…RFIDタグ用回路部品
71…フレキシブル基板
101~104…フレキシブル基板
101,102…発熱装置
161…電池
162…基板
163A,163B…電池
201~203…RFIDタグ
201…電池パック
Claims (4)
- 金属基材と、該金属基材上に形成された金属基材よりも厚みの薄いサーミスタ層と、該サーミスタ層上に形成された一対の分割電極と、を備えたフレキシブルサーミスタと、
ベース層、該ベース層上に形成された配線導体層、および前記ベース層に積層されて前記配線導体層を覆うカバー層を有するフレキシブル基板とを備え、
前記カバー層には前記配線導体層の一部が露出するように構成された開口部が形成されており、
前記フレキシブルサーミスタは前記開口部内に収納され、前記フレキシブルサーミスタの分割電極が、前記開口部から露出した前記配線導体層と電気的に接続されており、
前記カバー層の表面の高さと、前記フレキシブルサーミスタの露出面の高さとが、実質的に同じであることを特徴とする温度センサ。 - 前記フレキシブル基板に対して厚み方向に押圧された際に、前記カバー層の表面の高さと前記フレキシブルサーミスタの露出面の高さとが同じとなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の温度センサ。
- 前記フレキシブルサーミスタの露出面の高さは前記カバー層の表面に対して±20%の範囲内である、請求項1または2に記載の温度センサ。
- 請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の温度センサを備えた温度センサの取り付け構造であり、前記フレキシブルサーミスタの前記金属基材が被温度検出物に近接または当接するように前記温度センサが配置されたことを特徴とする温度センサ取り付け構造。
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DE112011104686.3T DE112011104686B4 (de) | 2011-01-07 | 2011-12-16 | Temperatursensor und struktur, an die ein temperatursensor angebracht ist |
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DE112011104686B4 (de) | 2017-09-28 |
CN103282754B (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
JP5494833B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
US9316546B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 |
DE112011104686T5 (de) | 2013-09-26 |
JPWO2012093572A1 (ja) | 2014-06-09 |
CN103282754A (zh) | 2013-09-04 |
US20130288091A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
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