WO2012090686A1 - 回転速度検出方法及びその装置、反応液粘度検出方法及びその装置、並びに反応生成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
回転速度検出方法及びその装置、反応液粘度検出方法及びその装置、並びに反応生成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012090686A1 WO2012090686A1 PCT/JP2011/078673 JP2011078673W WO2012090686A1 WO 2012090686 A1 WO2012090686 A1 WO 2012090686A1 JP 2011078673 W JP2011078673 W JP 2011078673W WO 2012090686 A1 WO2012090686 A1 WO 2012090686A1
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- induction motor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/14—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/64—Controlling or determining the temperature of the winding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N2011/0046—In situ measurement during mixing process
- G01N2011/0053—In situ measurement during mixing process using ergometry; measuring power consumption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/01—Asynchronous machines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting the rotational speed of a rotating shaft of an induction motor, an apparatus for detecting the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of an induction motor using the same, a method of detecting the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of an induction motor, and the use thereof
- the present invention relates to a device for detecting the rotational torque of a rotating shaft of an induction motor, a reaction solution viscosity detection method, a reaction solution viscosity detection device using the device, and a reaction product manufacturing method.
- Measuring instruments that measure rotational speed are contact type (mechanical type) and non-contact type (optical type, electromagnetic type) depending on the measurement method, and digital type and analog type depending on the measurement signal processing method. Depending on the location, they are classified into explosion-proof and non-explosion-proof types, both of which are known as conventional equipment. In particular, the use of explosion-proof measuring instruments is obligatory at the production sites for resins such as urethane, varnish, and phenol produced by chemical reactions.
- Known and commonly used rotational speed measuring instruments include a digital handy tachometer (Ono Sokki HT-5500) that combines contact and non-contact methods, a visible light type tachometer (Hioki FT3405), and electromagnetic rotational measurement.
- the present inventors use an induction motor driven by an inverter as a power source, and the reaction liquid viscosity installed in the reactor that stirs the reaction liquid by rotating the stirring blade connected to the rotation shaft of the induction motor.
- a detection device has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- This detection apparatus has the following means 1) to 5), and is based on input power (P I ), loss power (P L ), and angular velocity ( ⁇ ) obtained from values measured by each measuring instrument.
- T (P I -P L ) / ⁇
- the rotational torque (T) is obtained by calculating the viscosity of the reaction liquid from the rotational torque.
- a power measuring device for measuring the power supplied to the induction motor 2) A current measuring device for measuring the current supplied to the induction motor 3) A voltage measuring device 4) for measuring the voltage supplied to the induction motor Rotational speed measuring instrument that measures the speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor 5) Frequency measuring instrument that measures the inverter output frequency
- the viscosity detection in Patent Document 1 can detect the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the dielectric motor with high accuracy based on the measurement values obtained by the means 1) to 5), and as a result, the reaction solution can be detected with high accuracy.
- the relative viscosity can be known.
- the viscosity detection device of Patent Document 1 requires a rotational speed measuring instrument as an entity to know the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the dielectric motor.
- the rotational speed measuring instrument used in the factory that handles the reaction liquid needs to satisfy the explosion-proof standard.
- a rotational speed measuring instrument that satisfies the explosion-proof standard is expensive, and not only raises the installation cost of the viscosity detection device, but also has a long delivery time, and it is difficult to spread due to production stoppage at the time of installation. Therefore, it is desired to detect the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor without using a rotation speed measuring instrument.
- the present invention detects the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the dielectric motor with the same accuracy as the measured value obtained by the rotational speed measuring instrument without using the actual rotational speed measuring instrument. It is an object to provide a method and apparatus.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for obtaining the rotational torque of the rotation shaft of the induction motor based on the rotational speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor thus obtained.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for determining the viscosity of a substance agitated by an induction motor based on the rotation torque of the rotation shaft of the induction motor thus determined.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a reaction product using a method for detecting the rotational speed and rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the dielectric motor and a method for determining the viscosity of the substance agitated by the induction motor. Objective.
- the present inventor has paid attention to the slip of the induction motor. That is, the slip S, as is well known, the rotational speed (synchronous speed) and N S of the rotating magnetic field is specified by N (actual rotational speed of the induction motor) rotational speed of the rotor.
- N actual rotational speed of the induction motor
- the slip S and the machine output PM are substantially proportional to the range of the rated machine output P 0 and the rated slip S 0 . Therefore, the rotational speed of the induction motor can be obtained by obtaining the slip S based on the relationship between the slip S and the machine output PM.
- the unit of the rotation speed is treated as the number of rotations min ⁇ 1 per minute.
- the machine output PM is an unknown value.
- the mechanical output PM is obtained by subtracting the loss power P L from the input power P I , and this loss power P L can be obtained by the rotation shaft of the induction motor. This is because a rotational speed is necessary. Therefore, simply, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the induction motor cannot be obtained based on the relationship between the slip S and the machine output PM.
- the present inventor has determined that the loss power P L does not depend on the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “independent loss power A”) and the rotation shaft of the induction motor.
- independent loss power A the loss power of the rotation shaft of the induction motor
- dependent power loss B the induction motor by the approximate value of the mechanical output PM calculated only as a power loss P L-independent power loss A except dependent loss power B, and applied to a relationship between the slip S and the mechanical output PM rotary shaft
- the present invention has been completed on the basis of the fact that the rotation speed will be required.
- the present invention provides a power loss when the input power P to the induction motor is supplied with P L, power loss P L, and independent power loss A and dependent loss power B and the induction motor comprising a step of dividing the
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the present invention, and is characterized by comprising the following steps I, II and III.
- Step I regarded as a first order approximation value PM 1 of the difference [P-A]
- Step II Based on the primary approximate value N 1 obtained in Step I, the dependent loss power B 1 is obtained.
- the secondary approximation N 2 is treated as a sensed rotational speed of the rotating shaft.
- the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the induction motor can be accurately obtained without using a measuring instrument.
- Step III secondary approximation N 2 secondary approximation speed
- the first order approximation value N 1 first order approximation speed
- the secondary approximation N 2 was obtained in the step III, Step IV and step V, repeated a predetermined number of times.
- the third-order approximate speed, the fourth-order approximate speed,..., The n-order approximate speed obtained in this way have high accuracy with respect to the actual rotational speed (actual rotational speed) of the rotating shaft of the induction motor depending on the order.
- how many orders the approximate speed is obtained is determined by the purpose, and depending on the purpose, the secondary approximate speed may be sufficiently satisfied with respect to the actual rotational speed. As shown in the examples described later, it has been confirmed that the actual rotation speed is sufficiently reflected even in the second order approximate speed in the viscosity detection at the time of manufacturing the reaction liquid (resin solution).
- the present invention provides a detection device (device for detecting the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor) that executes the above-described method for detecting the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor.
- the detection device includes an information acquisition unit that acquires measurement information including power, current, voltage, and voltage frequency supplied to the induction motor, and an arithmetic processing unit that calculates a rotation speed based on the measurement information. .
- This arithmetic processing unit executes the processes defined in Step I, Step II and Step III described above.
- the calculation processing unit can perform calculations for obtaining the third-order approximate speed, the fourth-order approximate speed,.
- the following method and detector for detecting the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor, method for detecting the viscosity of the reaction solution, device for detecting the viscosity of the reaction solution, and method for producing the reaction product It is the same.
- the present invention detects the rotational torque T of the rotating shaft of the induction motor using the rotational speed (n-order approximate value N n , where n is an integer of 2 or more) of the rotating shaft of the induction motor obtained as described above. can do.
- this is a method for detecting the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor when the input power P is supplied to the induction motor.
- the rotational torque detection device that executes the method of detecting the rotational torque T includes a power loss A, a loss power B 1 , and a rotational speed in the arithmetic processing unit of the device that detects the rotational speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor.
- the following equation T (P- (a + B 1)) / (2 ⁇ ⁇ N 2/60) What is necessary is just to add the function which performs the calculation by.
- this invention can detect the viscosity of a reaction liquid using the rotational torque T of the rotating shaft of the induction motor obtained above.
- the viscosity to be detected is obtained by using an induction motor as a power source and a stirring blade connected to the rotation shaft of the induction motor. It is the viscosity ⁇ of the reaction liquid when stirring the reaction liquid by rotating.
- the method for obtaining the viscosity ⁇ of the reaction liquid is the reaction when the reaction liquid is stirred by rotating the rotating shaft of the induction motor having the stirring blades using the induction motor as a power source.
- a method for detecting the viscosity of a liquid The power loss A, the power loss B 1 obtained in step II according to claim 1 , and the second order approximation N 2 of the rotational speed of the rotating shaft obtained in step III according to claim 1.
- T (P- (a + B 1)) / (2 ⁇ ⁇ N 2/60)
- ⁇ ⁇ T / N (unit Pa ⁇ S)
- ⁇ represents a constant determined by the dimensions of the reaction vessel and the stirring blade used when stirring the reaction solution.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a reaction product having a viscosity that changes with the progress of the reaction in the reaction step of the raw material when producing the reaction product from at least one kind of compound.
- the method includes a method for detecting the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the induction motor of the present invention (first step), a method for detecting the rotational torque of the rotary shaft of the induction motor (second step), and And a method for determining the viscosity of the reaction product (third step).
- the present invention it is possible to detect the rotational speed with high accuracy without using the actual speed measuring instrument. Moreover, in the method and apparatus of the present invention, it is not necessary to use an explosion-proof measuring instrument, so that the cost for producing an apparatus for detecting the viscosity of the reaction solution can be kept low, and the delivery time can be shortened. In addition, in the method for producing a reaction product of the present invention, the viscosity of the reaction product can be grasped in real time. Therefore, the variation in reaction end point for each production lot is reduced, which contributes to the stabilization of the physical properties of the product.
- the viscosity chart which combined the viscosity of the reaction liquid detected by applying this invention and the viscosity of the reaction liquid detected by applying patent document 1 is shown. It is a graph which shows the correlation analysis of the viscosity of the reaction liquid detected by applying this invention, and the viscosity of the reaction liquid detected in the procedure of patent document 1.
- the mechanical loss is a loss due to friction and air resistance caused by the rotation of the shaft
- the floating loss is an intrinsic loss determined by the induction machine and is treated as a constant. Losses other than stray loss can be obtained by calculation using the voltage, current, power supply frequency, rotation speed, and electric circuit constants during operation of the induction conductor (Patent Document 1, paragraph [0028] to [0040]). The elements of each loss are shown below.
- the first approximate value N 1 of the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor corresponding to the first approximate value S 1 of the slip can be obtained by the following expression (6).
- N S is the synchronous speed.
- N 1 N S (1-S 1 ) (6)
- Step I related to the method for detecting the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor of the present invention
- Steps II and III related to the method will be described below.
- first order approximation value N 1 of the rotational speed obtained in step I by the use purpose can be handled as a detection result of the rotation speed.
- step II a first-order approximation value B 1 of the dependent loss power B corresponding to the first-order approximation value N 1 of the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor obtained in step I is obtained by analysis of an equivalent circuit of the induction motor. Is obtained as ⁇ (N 1 ). Details will be described in the section [Dependent Loss Power B n (W)] described later.
- the second approximate value PM 2 of the machine output obtained by substituting the first-order approximate value B 1 of the independent loss power A and the dependent loss power into the formula (3) is given by the following formula (7). It is done. Further, similarly to the first-order approximation process, the second-order approximation value N 2 of the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor can be obtained through the equations (8) and (9). Although this secondary approximation value N 2 is a secondary approximation value B 1 , the dependence loss component is taken into consideration, and therefore, the accuracy with respect to the actual rotational speed is higher than that of the primary approximation value N 1 .
- Step I the rotation speed of the first-order approximation of the rotation shaft of the induction motor is obtained.
- Step II the loss power dependent on the rotation speed corresponding to that speed is obtained.
- the rotation speed of the second order approximation is obtained by incorporating it into the power loss.
- Step II In order to obtain the rotation speed of the third order approximation from the rotation speed of the second order approximation, return to Step II and replace the previous rotation speed N 1 of the first approximation with the rotation speed N 2 of the second approximation, and the dependence corresponding to the speed at this time Request loss power B 2. Incorporating the dependent loss power B 2 obtained in the next step III step II the overall power loss may be calculated rotational speed corresponding thereto.
- the procedure of going from tertiary to quaternary can also be performed by repeating Step II and Step III in the same manner.
- the value of the loss power P L is that approaches the true value, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor obtained thereby to a more accurate value Go closer.
- the present invention does not make it an essential requirement to increase the order.
- the purpose of detecting the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor can be sufficiently achieved by the secondary approximate speed.
- the rotational torque T of the rotating shaft of the induction motor is obtained by the following equation (10) based on the input power P, the loss power P L , and the angular velocity ( ⁇ ). Based on the following formula (11), the viscosity ⁇ is obtained.
- T (P ⁇ P L ) / ⁇ Equation (10)
- ⁇ ⁇ T / N (unit Pa ⁇ S) Equation (11)
- ⁇ a constant determined by the dimensions of the reaction vessel and the stirring blade used when stirring the reaction solution.
- the input power P is required to obtain the rotational torque T of the rotary shaft of the induction motor.
- an input power measurement value is used as the input power P.
- a known power meter can be used for the measurement. The power meter needs to be properly used depending on the type of induction motor used. For example, when the induction motor is a single-phase circuit, a single-phase power meter, and when it is a three-phase induction motor, it is for three-phase. Use a wattmeter.
- the power loss P L includes primary copper loss [ ⁇ (primary current I 1 ) 2 ], eddy current loss [ ⁇ (primary voltage V) 2 ], hysteresis loss [ ⁇ (primary voltage V) 2 / ( Frequency f)], secondary copper loss [ ⁇ ⁇ (I 1 , V, ⁇ )], mechanical loss [ ⁇ (angular velocity ⁇ )] and floating loss (constant).
- independent loss power A (W) depends on measured values obtained from current measuring instruments that measure current, voltage measuring instruments that measure voltage, and frequency measuring instruments that measure inverter output frequency. Calculated. More specifically, it can be obtained by performing a predetermined calculation using a voltage value, a current value and a frequency during rotation driving, and a circuit constant unique to the induction motor.
- the circuit constant can be obtained from a test table provided by an electric motor manufacturer or from a measurement value obtained by a load test of a dielectric motor.
- the floating loss is provided as a value (fixed loss (unit W)) inherent to the dielectric motor.
- the primary copper loss, eddy current loss, and hysteresis loss are each expressed by the following general formula.
- Primary copper loss Primary winding resistance x (Single phase current) 2 x
- Hysteresis loss Hysteresis loss during operation at rated voltage and rated frequency x (Measured value of single phase voltage / rated phase voltage) 2 / (Measured value of inverter output frequency / rated frequency) (unit: Hz)
- the secondary copper loss and the mechanical loss are components that depend on the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the dielectric motor, and the above-described dependent loss power Bn can be used.
- the loss power P L includes only the independent loss power A, but after the second order approximation. Then, the loss power P L includes the dependency loss powers B 1 , B 2 ... In addition to the independent loss power A.
- the mechanical output PM is a value obtained by subtracting each loss power from the input power P.
- PM n P ⁇ (A + B (n ⁇ 1) ). Therefore, the rotational torque T of the rotating shaft of the dielectric motor is obtained by the above-described equation (10) using the above-described n-order approximate rotational speed N n , and the obtained rotational torque T n is obtained by using the n-order approximate rotational speed N.
- the viscosity ⁇ of the liquid material can be obtained as follows using the above-described equation (11) using n .
- ⁇ n ⁇ T n / N n (unit Pa ⁇ S) Equation (11) ( ⁇ represents a constant determined by the dimensions of the reaction vessel and the stirring blade used when stirring the reaction solution.)
- Equation (11) the force F generated when two planes of area A sandwiching a liquid of thickness h move at a relative speed U is expressed by the following equation (12 ).
- F ⁇ AU / h (unit N)
- r the stirring blade radius
- L the length of the stirring blade immersed in the liquid material to be stirred
- N the number of rotations
- F the stirring blade at the distance r.
- the output frequency may be measured synchronously with other measurement quantities such as power, voltage, current, etc., and incorporated in various variables for determining the loss.
- the output frequency may be measured synchronously with other measurement quantities such as power, voltage, current, etc., and incorporated in various variables for determining the loss.
- a frequency measurement value for detecting the inverter output frequency into the hysteresis loss detection, it is possible to reduce the variation (variation) in the detected reaction liquid viscosity. This is preferable.
- the specific application of the method for detecting the rotational speed and rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor according to the present embodiment is not limited.
- One example of a specific application is detection of the viscosity of a reaction solution.
- the progress of the reaction can be grasped by detecting the viscosity.
- it is a device for detecting the rotational speed and rotational torque of a shaft using a dielectric motor as a power source, and further detecting the viscosity of the reaction solution, and measuring the power supplied to the dielectric motor.
- the apparatus obtains a rotation speed and a rotation torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor by performing a predetermined calculation based on the measurement information obtained by each means, and further includes a calculation processing unit for calculating the viscosity of the reaction liquid by calculation.
- a calculation processing unit for calculating the viscosity of the reaction liquid by calculation.
- the reaction liquid referred to in the present invention refers to a liquid whose viscosity changes with the progress of the reaction of the raw material using at least one kind of compound as a raw material.
- the reaction solution may be referred to as a reaction product.
- arithmetic processing unit various types of personal computers such as laptop computers and desktop computers, or means having a known arithmetic processing function such as a process computer can be used. Between these arithmetic processing units and the respective measuring instruments, there may be a publicly known and commonly used data communication function such as RS-232C, GP-IP, USB, ISA, PCI, and the above-mentioned synchronization signal generating means is a computer. It may be substituted by an instruction from the etc.
- the detection device 1 detects the rotational speed of the stirring blade 13 that is rotationally driven by the induction motor 9 when the reaction liquid charged in the reaction pot 12 is stirred in the reaction pot.
- a reaction liquid a chemical reaction product can be illustrated, for example.
- the detection device 1 includes a measurement unit 2 and an arithmetic processing unit 5.
- the measuring unit 2 is, for example, a three-phase AC circuit power meter, four voltmeter channels, four ammeter channels, and a frequency meter that are packaged by combining four functions in one unit.
- the line 6 and the current drawing line 7 are connected to the three-phase AC circuit.
- the measuring part 2 may be provided with each measuring device separately.
- FIG. 3 assumes that the induction motor 9 that is a power source of the stirring blade 13 is a three-phase circuit, and that a known and commonly used three-phase wattmeter should be used. It goes without saying that both the voltage and current are measured for each phase, and the calculation for calculating the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor is also performed for each phase. Further, the present invention can be similarly applied even when the target induction motor is a single-layer circuit or a DC motor driven by a DC power source.
- the arithmetic processing unit 5 is composed of, for example, a personal computer, controls the operation of the measuring unit 2, acquires the power value, voltage value, current value, and frequency measured by the measuring unit 2 to obtain the above-described induction motor. Calculation processing for determining the rotation speed and rotation torque of the rotation shaft 9 is performed, and calculation processing for determining the viscosity of the reaction solution based on the results is performed.
- the measurement in each measuring instrument is performed simultaneously and synchronously by a command from the arithmetic processing unit 5 via the communication cable 8.
- the arithmetic processing unit 5 holds information necessary for arithmetic processing such as a program for executing arithmetic processing for obtaining the rotational speed, rotational torque, and viscosity of the reaction liquid of the rotating shaft of the dielectric motor, and fixed loss of the induction motor 9.
- the calculation for calculating the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the dielectric motor is performed based on the measurement information, and the result is output to a screen, an internal information recording means, or the like.
- the induction motor 9 is connected to a stirring shaft 11 via a speed reducer 10, and a stirring blade 13 is attached to the stirring shaft 11.
- the stirring blade 13 is disposed in the reaction kettle 12 and stirs the reaction object charged into the reaction kettle 12 according to the rotation of the rotary shaft of the induction motor 9.
- the induction motor 9 is supplied with power from the three-phase power supply 15 via the inverter 14.
- the operator can know in real time the rotation speed value, rotation torque value, and reaction liquid viscosity of the rotation shaft of the induction motor displayed on the monitor screen of the arithmetic processing unit 5. .
- the rotation speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor is detected using the relationship between the motor output and the high linearity of the slip, there is an error in a large output region (exceeding the rated output) where linearity is lost. Becomes larger.
- the majority of dielectric motors are used below the rated output, and even around 50% of the rated output. There is almost no problem.
- Winding resistance value at operating temperature winding resistance value at reference temperature ⁇ (operating temperature + 234.5) / (20 + 234.5) (unit ⁇ )
- the value 234.5 is known as the resistance temperature coefficient of copper. Since it is difficult to directly measure the winding temperature during rotation, the temperature detection means is fixed to a part that represents the entire temperature inside the motor, and the values obtained there are approximately approximated to the primary and secondary windings. It may be regarded as the temperature of the wire.
- the torque obtained by the equation (10) includes torque (hereinafter, referred to as “empty torque”) generated by mechanical friction of the speed reducer and the bearing even when the contents of the reaction kettle are empty. Therefore, during the production of the reaction product, the empty torque at the stirring speed to be employed is detected in advance, and this is treated as a constant, and the viscosity is obtained by subtracting the constant from the value of the detected torque when the viscosity is obtained by equation (11). Detection accuracy can be further increased.
- the temperature correction of the viscosity of the reaction product will be specifically described below.
- the temperature characteristic can be drawn, for example, as a graph represented in FIG.
- T 0 represents the standard temperature when the reaction solution is produced.
- the vertical axis is a representation of the relative values at different temperatures when the value at a temperature T 0 of the viscosity obtained by the method of the present invention is 100 (hereinafter% viscosity).
- the said curve can be created based on the result of having measured the temperature characteristic of the viscosity concerning a reaction liquid beforehand, for example using viscosity measuring apparatuses, such as a Gardner-Holt method.
- the temperature curve shown in FIG. 4 is stored in advance in the internal memory of the PC in (5), for example, in the form of a polynomial of 2nd to 3rd order, and the standard temperature.
- the value obtained by dividing the viscosity of 100 by the% viscosity of the value obtained by the temperature measuring means (hereinafter referred to as temperature correction coefficient) is added to the value obtained by the equation (11).
- the type of the polynomial is not limited, but may be any expression that expresses the relationship between viscosity and temperature with little error.
- the value of the temperature correction coefficient is 1 because the% viscosity value is 100. In this case, the value does not change.
- the% viscosity becomes a value ⁇ ′ smaller than 100 obtained along the temperature-% viscosity curve, and thus the value of the temperature correction coefficient is 1. It becomes a larger value.
- the reaction solution viscosity value is calculated based on the difference between the charge amounts of both. It is also possible to correct the preparation amount by correcting.
- the charge amount may be either the charge mass or the charge capacity, but is usually the charge mass.
- the reaction product is performed by putting raw materials into the reactor (12), but the production volume per production unit is not always constant due to customer demand or production plan.
- the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor obtained by the equation (10) is increased or decreased, and based on this, the reaction product obtained by the equation (11)
- the viscosity also increases and decreases, and the inherent viscosity value of the reaction solution cannot be uniquely determined.
- the relationship between the charged amount of the reaction product and the viscosity is clarified in advance.
- This relationship can be expressed, for example, as a graph represented in FIG.
- This graph can be obtained, for example, by actually measuring the viscosity by changing the amount charged, or by using a CAE (Computer Aided Engineering Computer Aided Engineering) simulation.
- CAE Computer Aided Engineering Computer Aided Engineering
- the vertical axis represents the relative value (hereinafter referred to as% viscosity) at the other charged amounts when the value obtained at the standard charged amount W 0 is 100 as the viscosity obtained based on the method of the present invention.
- the charge amount correction is performed by preliminarily storing the curve shown in FIG. 5 in the internal memory of the PC in (5) in the form of a polynomial such as a second to third order, and the numerical value 100
- the value obtained by dividing by the% viscosity at the time of charging in (hereinafter referred to as the charging amount correction coefficient) is added to the value obtained by equation (11).
- the type of the polynomial is not limited, but may be any expression that expresses the relationship between the viscosity and the temperature with little error.
- the value of the charged amount correction coefficient is 1 because the% viscosity value is 100, and this is integrated into the value obtained by the equation (11). In this case, the value does not change.
- the preparation amount is W ′ larger than the standard preparation amount Wo
- the% viscosity becomes a value ⁇ ′ larger than 100 obtained along the curve of FIG. Is a smaller value.
- the means for determining the reaction end point is performed by determining the reaction end point when the detected viscosity of the reaction solution calculated according to the means exceeds a predetermined value.
- reaction using at least one compound as a raw material using the method for detecting the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor, the method for detecting the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor, and the method for detecting the viscosity of the reaction liquid
- a reaction product whose viscosity changes with the progress of the reaction can be produced in the reaction step of the raw material.
- the production method for producing the reaction product specifically includes the following steps.
- a method for producing a reaction product whose viscosity changes with the progress of the reaction is performed in a reactor in which the reaction product is stirred by rotating a rotating shaft having a stirring blade of the induction motor using the induction motor as a power source, As the reaction proceeds,
- the loss power when the input power P of the induction motor is supplied is P L
- the loss power P L is a loss power A that does not depend on the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor
- the loss power B that depends on the rotation speed.
- a third step of obtaining the viscosity ⁇ of the reaction product by
- the compound as a raw material is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that can obtain a reaction product whose viscosity changes with the progress of the reaction.
- the production method of the present invention can produce a reaction product such as a resin that increases in viscosity by polymerization or condensation of raw materials with the progress of the reaction, or a functional group such as a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group that the resin has.
- a reaction product having a group that reacts with these functional groups for example, an epoxy resin or a carboxyl group
- a reaction product having a reduced viscosity can be produced.
- reaction product examples include synthetic resins and polysynthetic monomers.
- synthetic resin examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, ABS resin, polystyrene, acrylic resin, polyvinyl alcohol, epoxy resin, polyester resin, phenol resin, and polyurethane resin.
- a reactor that uses ethylene as a raw material, uses an induction motor as a power source, and stirs the reaction product by rotating a rotary shaft of the induction motor equipped with a stirring blade.
- the various reactions such as the high pressure method, the medium pressure method, and the low pressure method are performed and the reaction is allowed to proceed, the viscosity of the reaction product may be obtained by the above-described step.
- a reactor that uses propylene as a raw material uses an induction motor as a power source, and stirs the reaction product by rotating a rotary shaft of the induction motor equipped with a stirring blade.
- the viscosity of the reaction product may be determined by the above-mentioned step.
- a vinyl chloride monomer is used as a raw material, and the induction motor is used as a power source, and the induction motor is rotated by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a stirring blade.
- the viscosity of a reaction product according to the said process when performing various reactions, such as an acetylene method, an ethylene acetylene method, an oxychlorination method, in the reactor which performs this, and advancing reaction.
- a vinylidene chloride monomer is used as a raw material, and the induction motor is used as a power source, and the induction motor is rotated by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a stirring blade of the induction motor.
- What is necessary is just to obtain
- an acrylic monomer is used as a raw material
- the induction motor is used as a power source
- the reaction product is stirred by rotating the rotating shaft of the induction motor having a stirring blade. What is necessary is just to obtain
- acrylic monomer examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, phenyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, (Meth) acrylic acid esters such as 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate; ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, di (meth) acrylic acid Polyfunctional (meth) acrylic acid esters such as neopentyl glycol can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- (meth) acryl” means “acryl” or “methacryl”.
- a known polymerization initiator can be used for the polymerization of the acrylic monomer.
- a known polymerization initiator can be used for example, 2,2′-azobis (2,4-dimethyl-4-methoxyvaleronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (2,4 -Dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis (2-methyl-butyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) Propane], azo polymerization initiators such as dimethyl 2,2′-azobis (2-methylpropionate); bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate, di-2-ethylhexylperoxydicarbonate, Di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl peroxyneo Canoate, 1-cyclohex
- the induction motor is used as a power source, and the reaction motor is stirred by rotating the rotation shaft of the induction motor equipped with a stirring blade. What is necessary is just to obtain
- a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and epihalohydrin are used as raw materials, and an induction motor is used as a power source, and the reaction is performed by rotating a rotating shaft provided with a stirring blade of the induction motor. What is necessary is just to obtain
- Examples of the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group include divalent phenols such as hydroquinone, resorcin, catechol, and dinaphthol; bisphenols such as bisphenol A, bisphenol F, bisphenol S, bisphenol AD, and tetrabromobisphenol A; Biphenols such as tetramethylbiphenol; novolac resins obtained from phenols such as phenol novolak, cresol novolak, bisphenol A novolak, bisphenol F novolak, and formaldehyde; mononaphthol novolak, dinaphthol novolak, bis- (2,7-dihydroxynaphthyl) ) -1,1-methane, (2-hydroxynaphthyl) -1- (2,7-dihydroxynaphthyl) -1-methane, bis- ( -Hydroxynaphthyl) -1,1-methane and other naphthol
- epihalohydrin examples include epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin, ⁇ -methylepichlorohydrin, and the like.
- a polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol are used as raw materials, and an induction motor is used as a power source to rotate the rotating shaft of the induction motor having a stirring blade.
- an induction motor is used as a power source to rotate the rotating shaft of the induction motor having a stirring blade.
- dicarboxylic acid used as the polybasic acid examples include maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, succinic anhydride, adipic acid, and azelaic acid.
- Aliphatic dibasic acids such as sebacic acid and decane-1,10-dicarboxylic acid; phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic acid and its anhydride, hexahydrophthalic acid and its anhydride, tetrabromphthalic acid and its Aromatic or alicyclic such as anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic acid and its anhydride, het acid and its anhydride, hymic acid and its anhydride, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid Dibasic acids of the formula; and the like.
- a carboxylic acid having 3 or more carboxyl groups in one molecule and a reactive derivative thereof can be used as one of polybasic acids having 3 or more functional groups.
- Typical examples of these include trimellitic acid, trimellitic anhydride, methylcyclohexentricarboxylic acid, methylcyclohexentricarboxylic anhydride, pyromellitic acid, pyromellitic anhydride, and the like.
- polyhydric alcohols examples include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, Aliphatic diols such as diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol; bisphenols such as bisphenol A and bisphenol F; bisphenol A Ethylene oxide adducts, bisphenol A propylene oxide adducts and other bisphenol A alkylene oxide adducts; xylylene glycol, cyclohexane dimethanol, hydrogenated bisphenol A and other aralkylene glycols Or alicyclic diols.
- bisphenols such as bisphenol A and bisphenol F
- bisphenol A Ethylene oxide adducts bisphenol A propylene oxide adducts and other bisphenol A alkylene oxide adducts
- a compound having three or more hydroxyl groups can also be used as a trifunctional or higher polyhydric alcohol, and typical examples thereof include glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, sorbitol, 1,2 , 3,6-hexanetetrol, 1,4-sorbitan, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, 2-methylpropanetriol, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, tris (2 -Hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate and the like.
- polyisocyanate examples include p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-xylene diisocyanate, m-xylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, and 4,4′-diphenylmethane.
- polyol examples include propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol and the like.
- the specifications of the induction motor 9 are as follows. Specification of three-phase induction motor (Y connection) Capacity: 37kW Rated speed: 1479 revolutions per minute (rated slip 0.014) Rated voltage: 220V Rated current: 124A Rated frequency: 50Hz Number of poles: 4 Primary winding resistance: 0.0328 ⁇ Primary winding reactance: 0.0446 ⁇ (at rated frequency) Secondary winding resistance: 0.0130 ⁇ Secondary winding reactance: 0.0430 ⁇ (at rated frequency) Resistance measurement reference temperature: 20 ° C. Resistance temperature coefficient: 234.5 Mechanical loss: 160W (at rated speed) Iron loss: 465W (hysteresis loss 230W, eddy current loss 235W) Floating loss: 382W Stirring shaft reduction ratio: 29: 1
- Example 1 Production of urethane resin
- diethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate (2,4: 2,6, 95 to 5 by mass ratio) were used as raw materials for the urethane resin.
- diethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate Since the reaction between diethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate is an exothermic reaction, when the raw material toluene diisocyanate is added all at once, the reaction occurs explosively. Therefore, diethylene glycol is put in the reaction kettle 12 in FIG. 1 in advance, and then, toluene diisocyanate is dividedly added in small amounts to produce a urethane resin in consideration of safety.
- the standard charge amount is 5000 kg, and the charge amount in this example is 4500 kg.
- the value of the preparation amount correction coefficient obtained from the preparation amount correction curve is 1.09.
- the standard temperature during the reaction when the product was produced was 80 ° C., and the reaction temperature in this example was 78 ° C.
- the value of the temperature correction coefficient at 78 ° C. obtained from the temperature correction curve of the product was 0.97.
- the measurement unit 2 used a clamp wattmeter CW240 (Yokogawa Meter & Instruments Co., Ltd.). This measuring instrument incorporates a total of four functions of a three-phase AC circuit power meter, four voltmeter channels, four ammeter channels, and a frequency meter into one unit. A measuring instrument other than the CW 240 can be used as long as it has the same measuring function.
- the arithmetic processing unit (PC) 5 obtains data from the measuring unit 2 through communication means, performs a predetermined calculation to calculate the rotational speed and rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the induction motor, and each measuring means. It also serves as a synchronization signal generating means for generating measurement timing signals all at once. Each measuring means measures a predetermined number of times per unit time at the same time in response to a command from the arithmetic processing unit 5, and the arithmetic processing unit 5 takes in the average value to calculate the rotational speed and the rotational torque.
- FIG. 6 shows the rotational speed (secondary approximate value N2 “1” in FIG. 2 ) and the actual rotational speed (“2” in the figure) of the induction motor detected by applying the present invention.
- a rotation speed chart is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows the viscosity of the reaction product (urethane resin) detected by applying the present invention (“1” in the figure) and the viscosity detected by the procedure disclosed in Patent Document 1 (in the figure).
- the viscosity chart is shown together with “2”).
- the detected rotational speed follows the actual rotational speed even when the rotational speed changes rapidly.
- the rotation speed of the rotation shaft of the induction motor detected in this example has a small difference from the actual rotation speed and reflects the actual rotation speed.
- the viscosity detected in this example is slightly different from the viscosity detected in the procedure of Patent Document 1, but in detecting the relative change in viscosity in the reaction process. Have sufficient accuracy. And the objective of detecting the viscosity of a urethane resin is fully achieved by detecting the change of this relative viscosity.
- the notation of the viscosity unit in FIG. 7 uses rPa ⁇ S for the sake of convenience with the prefix r added to distinguish it from what is output from a calibrated general viscometer.
- the relative viscosity represented by rPa ⁇ S is numerically unique to the stirring system including the induction motor, the speed reducer, and the stirring blade, the value may increase or decrease as a whole if the stirring system changes. There is something to do. However, there is no problem in detecting the relative change in viscosity in the system.
- FIG. 8 shows the result of correlation analysis between the viscosity of the urethane resin detected in this example and the viscosity of the urethane resin detected by the procedure of Patent Document 1. Three to four lots of reactions were used for data collection. The linearity in this example exceeds 0.999 (correlation coefficient squared) and is very good.
- Example 2 (Production of polyester resin) A polyethylene terephthalate resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 by a known method using ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid instead of diethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate. As a result, a correlation analysis of the viscosity of the polyethylene terephthalate resin obtained by the method of the present invention and the viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate detected by the procedure of Patent Document 1 revealed that the correlation between the two viscosities was extremely good. It was confirmed that a polyester resin can be obtained by using the method.
- Example 3 (Production of acrylic resin) Instead of using diethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate, a methyl methacrylate resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using methyl methacrylate by a known method.
- the correlation between the two viscosities is extremely good. It was confirmed that a methyl methacrylate resin can be obtained by using the method of the present invention.
- Example 4 (Production of epoxy resin) An epoxy resin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A instead of diethylene glycol and toluene diisocyanate by a known method. As a result, as a result of correlation analysis between the viscosity of the epoxy resin obtained by the method of the present invention and the viscosity of the epoxy resin detected by the procedure of Patent Document 1, the correlation between the two viscosities is extremely good, and the method of the present invention It was confirmed that an epoxy resin can be obtained using
- the rotational speed shown in FIG. 4 is a quadratic approximate value, but the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the induction motor according to the present invention is allowed to be obtained up to a value equal to or higher than the tertiary approximate value.
- the rotational torque and viscosity can be determined based on Next, the object further detected using the detected rotational speed (rotational torque) is not limited to the viscosity of the reaction product, and can be applied to any application.
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Abstract
Description
回転速度の計測器の公知慣用なものとしては、接触式と非接触式を兼ね備えたデジタルハンディタコメータ(小野測器HT-5500)、可視光方式のタコハイテスタ(日置電機FT3405)、電磁式回転計測器(日置電機MP-200)、防爆回転計測器(小野測器RP-200)などが一般的であり、これらの計測器は用途に応じて適切に選択されることによって何れも高精度かつ安全に使用可能なものである。
これらの回転速度計測器の用途は広範にわたるが、例えば誘導電動機の回転軸(出力軸)の回転速度を計測するのに用いられる。
T=(PI-PL)/ω
により回転トルク(T)を求め、この回転トルクから反応液粘度を演算することを特徴としている。
1)誘導電動機に供給されている電力を計測する電力計測器
2)誘導電動機に供給されている電流を計測する電流計測器
3)誘導電動機に供給されている電圧を計測する電圧計測器
4)誘導電動機の回転軸の速度を計測する回転速度計測器
5)インバータ出力周波数を計測する周波数計測器
特許文献1の粘度検知装置は誘電電動機の回転軸の回転速度を知るのに実体としての回転速度計測器を必要不可欠としている。ところが、反応液を扱う製造所で用いられる回転速度計測器は防爆基準を満たす必要がある。防爆基準を満たす回転速度計測器は高価であり、当該粘度検知装置の設置コストを上げるばかりでなく納期も長く、かつ設置時には生産停止も伴うために普及が図りにくいという問題があった。したがって、回転速度計測器を用いることなく、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知することが望まれる。
本発明は、このような背景技術に鑑み、実体として存在する回転速度計測器を用いることなく、回転速度計測器で得られる計測値と同等の精度で誘電電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。
また本発明は、このようにして求めた誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度に基づいて、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを求める方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明は、このようにして求めた誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクに基づいて、誘導電動機が撹拌している物質の粘度を求める方法及び装置を提供することを目的とする。
更に、本発明は、前記誘電電動機の回転軸の回転速度と回転トルクを検知する方法と誘導電動機が撹拌している物質の粘度を求める方法を利用した反応生成物の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。
ステップI:投入電力Pと非依存損失電力Aの差分[P-A]を誘導電動機の機械出力の一次近似値PM1とみなす。そして、既知である誘導電動機のすべりSと機械出力PMの関係式PM1=αS1(αは電動機定数)から回転軸の回転速度の一次近似値N1をN1=NS(1-S1)として求める。なお、NSは同期速度と呼ばれる電動機定数である。
ステップII:ステップIで得た一次近似値N1に基づいて、依存損失電力B1を求める。
ステップIII:誘導電動機について既知である、機械出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM2=αS2(αは電動機定数)から回転速度の二次近似値N2=NS(1-S2)(NSは同期速度)を求める。この二次近似値N2が、回転軸の検知された回転速度として扱われる。
より精度の高い回転速度の算出が要求される場合には、ステップIIIで得られた二次近似値N2(二次近似速度)を、ステップIの一次近似値N1(一次近似速度)に置き換え、ステップII、IIIを順次繰り返す。
IVとステップVを、予め定められた回数だけ繰り返す。こうして得られる三次近似速度、四次近似速度、…、n次近似速度は、次数に応じて、実際の誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度(実回転速度)に対する精度が高くなる。もっとも、いくつの次数まで近似速度を求めるかは、目的によって定められるものであり、目的によっては二次近似速度でも実回転速度に対して十分に満足できることがある。後述する実施例に示すように、反応液(樹脂溶液)の製造時における粘度検出においては、二次近似速度であっても実回転速度を十分に反映することを確認している。
この検知装置は、誘導電動機に供給されている電力、電流、電圧及び電圧周波数を含む計測情報を取得する情報取得部と、計測情報に基づいて回転速度を演算により求める演算処理部と、を備える。この演算処理部は、上述したステップI、ステップII及びステップIIIに規定される処理を実行する。
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
により、誘導電動機に投入電力Pが供給されているときの、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する方法というものである。
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
による演算を実行する機能を付加すればよい。
前記損失電力A、請求項1に記載の前記ステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及び請求項1に記載の前記ステップIIIで得られた回転軸の回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
により前記回転軸の回転トルクTを求め、この回転トルクTから下記式
η=κT/N(単位Pa・S)
により粘度ηを求める方法である。ここで、κは反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数を表す。
η=κT/N(単位Pa・S)
による演算を実行する機能が付加されたものとすればよい。
[すべりSと機械出力PMについて]
すべりSは、よく知られているように、同期速度をNS、回転子の回転速度(誘導電動機の回転軸の実回転速度)Nとすると、下記式(1)により特定される。
S=(NS―N)/NS …式(1)
なお、式(1)をNで解くと式(1’)の通りである。
N=NS(1-S) …式(1')
つまり、すべりSが特定できれば、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を得ることができる。そこで、本発明者は誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を求めるのにすべりSを利用することにした。なお、すべりSは誘導電動機に伴って提供される基本的な特性である。
この式(2)におけるαは誘導電動機に固有の定数であり、定格すべりS0に対する定格機械出力PM0の比PM0/S0として与えられる。
したがって、機械出力PMが判れば、すべりSが求められ、さらに回転軸の回転速度(あるいは角速度)を求めることができる。
PM=α×S …式(2)
(αは電動機定数を表す)
PM=P-PL …式(3)
ここで、誘導電動機の損失電力PLは、一次銅損、二次銅損、鉄損、機械損、及び浮遊損からなることが知られている。そして、一次銅損は固定子巻線の電気抵抗によるジュール熱、二次銅損は回転子巻線の電気抵抗によるジュール熱、に起因してそれぞれ発生する損失である。また、鉄損はヒステリシ損と渦電流損とから成り何れも回転磁界発生に起因する損失である。さらに、機械損は軸の回転によって生ずる摩擦や空気抵抗に起因する損失であり、浮遊損は誘導電機によって決まる固有損失であり定数として扱われる。浮遊損以外の損失は、誘導電導機を運転している時の電圧、電流、電源周波数、回転速度、及び電導機回路定数を使って演算で求めることができる(特許文献1 段落[0028]~[0040])。なお、各損失の要素を以下に示しておく。
一次銅損:∝ (一次電流I1)2
渦電流損:∝ (一次電圧V)2
ヒステリシス損:∝ (一次電圧V)2/(周波数f)
二次銅損:∝ (二次電流I2)2 → φ(I1,V,ω)
機械損:∝ (角速度ω)
浮遊損:一定
PM=P-(A+B) …式(3’)
[依存損失電力B] 二次銅損,機械損
PM1=P-A …式(4)
こうして、機械出力(一次近似値)が求められたので、上記の式(2)を適用することによりすべりの一次近似値S1は下記の式(5)により求められる。
S1=PM1/α=PM1×S0/P0 …式(5)
ここで、S0は定格すべり、P0は定格機械出力を表す。
N1=NS(1-S1) …式(6)
S2=PM2/α=PM2×S0/P0 …式(8)
N2=NS(1-S2) …式(9)
三次から四次に進む手順もステップII、ステップIIIを順次同様に繰り返すことで行うことができる。
PMn=P-(A+B(n-1)) …n次近似の機械出力
Nn=NS(1-Sn) …n次近似の誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度
Bn=φ(Nn) …n次近似の依存損失電力
なお、以上の一般式のnは1以上の整数であり、B0はゼロと見做す。
以下、本実施形態の誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法を、反応液の粘度を測定する方法及び装置に適用する例について説明する。なお、粘度を検知する過程で、当該誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクTが検知される。
η=κT/N (単位Pa・S) …式(11)
ここで、κは、反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数を表す。
本実施形態において、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクTを求めるために投入電力Pが必要である。
投入電力Pとしては、投入電力計測値を用いる。計測には公知の電力計測器を用いることができる。電力計測器は、用いられる誘導電動機の種類によって、使い分けを行うことが必要で、例えば、誘導電動機が単相回路である場合は単相用電力計、3相誘導電動機である場合は3相用電力計を用いる。
また、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクTを求めるために損失電力PLが必要である。
損失電力PLは、前述したように、一次銅損〔∝(一次電流I1)2〕、渦電流損〔∝ (一次電圧V)2〕、ヒステリシス損〔∝ (一次電圧V)2/(周波数f)〕、二次銅損〔∝ φ(I1,V,ω)〕、機械損〔∝ (角速度ω)〕及び浮遊損(一定)を含んでいる。
これらの中で、一次銅損、渦電流損及びヒステリシス損は、電流を計測する電流計測器、電圧を計測する電圧計測器及びインバータ出力周波数を計測するための周波数計測器から得られる計測値によって算出される。より具体的には、回転駆動中の電圧値、電流値及び周波数と、誘導電動機に固有の回路定数を用い、所定演算を行うことにより求めることができる。ここで回路定数は、電動機メーカーから提供される試験表によっても、又は、誘電電動機の負荷試験による計測値によっても得ることができる。また、浮遊損は、誘電電動機に固有の値(固定損(単位W)として提供される。
一次銅損、渦電流損及びヒステリシス損は、各々以下の一般式で表される。
一次銅損=一次巻線抵抗×(一相電流)2×誘電電動機の相数式
渦電流損=定格電圧で運転時の渦電流損×(一相電圧計測値/定格相電圧)2(単位W)
ヒステリシス損=定格電圧及び定格周波数で運転時のヒステリシス損×(一相電圧計測値/定格相電圧)2/(インバータ出力周波数計測値/定格周波数)(単位Hz)
これに対して、二次銅損及び機械損は、誘電電動機の回転軸の回転速度に依存する成分であり、前述した依存損失電力Bnを用いることができる。ただし、誘導電動機の回転軸の一次近似の回転速度N1を求める段階では依存損失電力Bnは得られていないので、損失電力PLは非依存損失電力Aだけを含むが、二次近似以降になると、損失電力PLは非依存損失電力Aに加えて依存損失電力B1、B2…を含むことになる。
機械出力PMは、投入電力Pから各損失電力を差し引いた値であるが、本実施形態では、前述のように、一般式:PMn=P-(A+B(n-1))で求められる。
従って、誘電電動機の回転軸の回転トルクTは、前述したn次近似の回転速度Nnを用いて前述した式(10)により求め、得られた回転トルクTn、n次近似の回転速度Nnを用いて前述した式(11)により液状物の粘度ηを以下のように求めることができる。
Tn=(P-PL)/ω=PMn/ωn=PMn/(2π×Nn/60)
…式(10)
ηn=κTn/Nn(単位Pa・S)…式(11)
(κは、反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数を表す。)
ニュートンの式によれば、厚さhの液体を間に挟んだ2枚の面積Aの平面が相対速度Uで運動する時発生する力Fは、ηが粘度を表すとして、以下の式(12)で表される。
F=ηAU/h(単位N) …式(12)
ここで、図2に表される反応容器において、rは撹拌翼半径、Lは撹拌翼が撹拌対象である液状物に没している長さ、Nは回転数、Fは距離rにおいて撹拌翼に発生する力、gは撹拌翼と反応釜との距離を表すとすると、上記式(12)式は以下の式(13)のように表される。
F=η(2πrL・2πrN)/g …式(13)
従って、
回転トルク(T)=F・r=η(2πrl・2πrN)/g・r(単位N・m)
であるので、
η=T・g/(2πrl・2πrN・r)となる。
しかるに、T、N以外は反応容器及び撹拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数なので改めて、粘度ηは式(11)のように表され、本実施形態により、相対的に液状物の粘度を求めることができる。
η=κT/N …式(11)
本実施形態において、負荷の時間変動が速い場合は、各計測器における計測タイミングのズレがエネルギーの入出力の総和がゼロになるというエネルギー保存則の前提を崩してしまうため、各計測器における計測は同期的に行われることが望ましい。但し、負荷の変動が緩やかであって、全ての計測値を採取し終えるまでの間に計測値が実質的に変化しないと言えるような場合はこの限りではない。
さらに負荷の時間変動が激しい場合には、計測器の他に、各計測器に対して一斉に計測指令を出すための同期信号発生手段が設けられて、各計測器による計測が同期的に行われるようにすることもできる。
検知装置1は、計測部2と演算処理部5を備えている。
計測部2は、例えば三相交流回路の電力計、電圧計4チャンネル、電流計4チャンネル及び周波数計の、合わせて4つの機能を一つのユニットに組み込んでパッケージ化されたものであり、電圧引き込み線6及び電流引き込み線7により三相交流回路と接続されている。なお、計測部2は各計測器が個別に設けられていてもよいことはいうまでもない。
なお、本発明において、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度の検知は、電動機出力とすべりが有する高い直線性の関係を利用して行うので直線性が崩れる大出力領域(定格出力を超える)では誤差が大きくなる。しかしながら産業界における誘電電動機の使用実態、特に、化学反応を伴う樹脂製造の工程においては、誘電電動機の大多数が定格出力以下、更には定格出力の50%前後で使用されているので上記誤差が問題になることは殆どない。
ところで、一次銅損を求める際に巻線抵抗の値を用いるが、巻線抵抗は、通常基準温度(20℃)での値が提供される。したがって、一次銅損を求めるにあたっては、実際の運転温度で補正した値を用いると誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度、回転トルク及び反応液の粘度の検知精度をより高めることができる。抵抗値を運転温度で補正するには次式を用いる。
運転温度における巻線抵抗値=基準温度における巻線抵抗値×(運転温度+234.5)/(20+234.5) (単位Ω)
ここで値234.5は銅の抵抗温度係数として知られる。回転中の巻線温度を直接測定するのは困難なので、温度検出手段は電動機内部の温度全体を代表するような部位に固定して設け、そこで得られた値を近似的に一次及び二次巻線の温度とみなしてもよい。
式(10)によって求められるトルクは、反応釜の内容物が空の場合であっても減速機や軸受けの機械摩擦など発生しているトルク(以下、空トルク、と称す)を含む。そこで反応生成物の製造時に、採用する攪拌速度における空トルクを予め検知しておいてこれを定数として扱い、式(11)で粘度を求める際に検知トルクの値から当該定数を差し引くことで粘度の検知精度をより高めることができる。
一般に反応温度は製品毎によって決められるので反応釜には温度制御機能が備えられる。温度制御誤差の粘度影響が無視できる場合にはこの補正は不要であるが現実には±1~±3℃程度の誤差は避けられない。その為、本発明においては、所定温度における反応液固有の粘度値を得るために、反応器内の反応液温度を検出する温度検出手段と、当該手段で得られた温度値に基づき反応液粘度値を補正する温度補正手段とを設けることによって、予め定めた特定の温度における粘度に補正した値を出力することもできる。
また、本実施形態において、予め定められた反応釜での製造単位あたりの標準仕込み量と、当該製造単位における実仕込み量が異なる場合に、両者の仕込み量の差に基づいて反応液粘度値を補正することによる仕込み量の補正を行うこともできる。ここで、仕込み量とは、仕込みの質量を指しても、仕込みの容量を指してもどちらであってもよいが、通常は仕込みの質量である。
該反応を、誘導電動機を動力源として、該誘導電動機の、撹拌翼を備えた回転軸を回転することにより反応生成物の撹拌を行う反応器内で行い、
反応を進行させる際に、
前記誘導電動機の投入電力Pが供給されているときの損失電力をPLとし、該損失電力PLを誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度に依存しない損失電力Aと回転速度に依存する損失電力Bとに区分し、
前記投入電力Pと前記損失電力Aの差分を前記誘導電動機の機械出力の一次近似値PM1とみなし、前記誘導電動機について既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM1=αS1(αは電動機定数)から前記回転軸の回転速度の一次近似値N1=NS(1-S1)(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップIと、
前記一次近似値N1に基づいて、前記損失電力B1を求めるステップIIと、
前記誘導電動機の出力の二次近似値PM2をP-(A+B1)とみなし、
前記誘導電動機について前記既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM2=αS2(αは電動機定数)から回転軸の回転速度の二次近似値N2=NS(1-S2)(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップIIIを含む誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法により該回転速度を検知する第一工程と、
前記損失電力A、ステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及びステップ
IIIで得られた回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
により誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する方法により該回転トルクを検知する第二工程と、
前記回転トルクを検知する工程により得られた回転トルクTから下記式
η=κT/N(単位Pa・S。κは、反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数。)
により反応生成物の粘度ηを求める第三工程。
なお、樹脂の製造には、図3に示す装置を用いた。誘導電動機9の仕様は以下の通りである。
三相誘導電動機(Y結線)の仕様
容量:37kW 定格速度:毎分1479回転(定格すべり0.014)
定格電圧:220V 定格電流:124A 定格周波数:50Hz
極数:4
一次巻線抵抗:0.0328Ω
一次巻線リアクタンス:0.0446Ω(定格周波数時)
二次巻線抵抗:0.0130Ω
二次巻線リアクタンス:0.0430Ω(定格周波数時)
抵抗計測基準温度:20℃ 抵抗温度係数:234.5
機械損:160W(定格速度時)
鉄損:465W(ヒステリシス損230W、渦電流損235W)
浮遊損:382W 撹拌軸減速比:29:1
ウレタン樹脂の原料として、ジエチレングリコールとトルエンジイソシアネート(2,4体:2,6体が、質量比で95以上:5以下)を用いた。
本実施例において検知されたウレタン樹脂の粘度と特許文献1の手順で検知されたウレタン樹脂の粘度の相関分析を行った結果を図8に示す。データの収集にあたり、3~4ロット分の反応を用いた。本実施例における直線性は寄与率0.999(相関係数の二乗)を超え、極めて良好である。
ジエチレングリコール及びトルエンジイソシアネートを用いる代わりにエチレングリコール及びテレフタル酸を用いて公知の方法によりポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂を実施例1と同様の手段を用いて製造した。その結果、本発明の方法で得られたポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂の粘度と特許文献1の手順で検知されたポリエチレンテレフタレートの粘度の相関分析を行った結果、両粘度の相関は極めて良好で、本発明の方法を利用してポリエステル樹脂を得られることが確認できた。
ジエチレングリコール及びトルエンジイソシアネートを用いる代わりにメタクリル酸メチルを用いて公知の方法によりメタクリル酸メチル樹脂を実施例1と同様の手段を用いて製造した。その結果、本発明の方法で得られたメタクリル酸メチル樹脂の粘度と特許文献1の手順で検知されたメタクリル酸メチル樹脂の粘度の相関分析を行った結果、両粘度の相関は極めて良好で、本発明の方法を利用してメタクリル酸メチル樹脂を得られることが確認できた。
ジエチレングリコール及びトルエンジイソシアネートを用いる代わりにエピクロルヒドリンとビスフェノールAを用いて公知の方法によりエポキシ樹脂を実施例1と同様の手段を用いて製造した。その結果、本発明の方法で得られたエポキシ樹脂の粘度と特許文献1の手順で検知されたエポキシ樹脂の粘度の相関分析を行った結果、両粘度の相関は極めて良好で、本発明の方法を利用してエポキシ樹脂を得られることが確認できた。
尚、図4に示される回転速度は二次近似値であるが、本発明による誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度は三次近似値以上の値まで求めることを許容し、また、そのような回転速度に基づいて回転トルク、粘度を求めることを許容する。
次に、検知された回転速度(回転トルク)を用いてさらに検知される対象は、反応生成物の粘度に限るものではなく、いかなる用途に適用することもできる。
2 計測部
5 演算処理部
6 電圧引込み線
7 電流引込み線
8 通信ケーブル
9 誘導電動機
10 減速機
11 攪拌軸
12 反応釜
13 撹拌翼
14 インバータ
15 三相電源
Claims (11)
- 誘導電動機に投入電力Pが供給されているときの、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法であり、
前記投入電力Pが供給されているときの損失電力をPLとし、該損失電力PLを誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度に依存しない損失電力Aと回転速度に依存する損失電力Bとに区分し、
前記投入電力Pと前記損失電力Aの差分を前記誘導電動機の機械出力の一次近似値PM1とみなし、
前記誘導電動機について既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM1=αS1(αは電動機定数)から前記回転軸の回転速度の一次近似値N1=NS(1-S1)(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップIと、
前記一次近似値N1に基づいて、前記損失電力B1を求めるステップIIと、
前記誘導電動機の出力の二次近似値PM2をP-(A+B1)とみなし、
前記誘導電動機について前記既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM2=αS2(αは電動機定数)から回転軸の回転速度の二次近似値N2=NS(1-S2)(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップ
IIIを含むことを特徴とする誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法。 - n次近似値Nnに基づいて損失電力Bnを求めるステップIVと、
前記誘導電動機の出力の(n+1)次近似値PM(n+1)をP-(A+Bn)とみなし、
前記誘導電動機について前記既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM(n+1)=αS(n+1)(αは電動機定数)から誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度の(n+1)次近似値N(n+1)=NS(1-S(n+1))(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップVと、
を(ただし、nは2以上の整数)、前記ステップIIIで前記二次近似値N2が得られた後に、予め定められた回数だけ繰り返す、
請求項1に記載の誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法。 - 誘導電動機に投入電力Pが供給されているときの、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する装置であり、
前記装置は、
前記誘導電動機に供給されている投入電力P、電流、電圧及び電圧周波数を含む計測情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記計測情報に基づいて、前記誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を演算により求める演算処理部と、を備え、
前記演算処理部は、請求項1に記載のステップI、ステップII及びステップIIIに規定される処理を実行する、
ことを特徴とする誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する装置。 - 前記演算処理部は、
n次近似値Nnに基づいて損失電力Bnを求めるステップIVと、
前記誘導電動機の出力の(n+1)次近似値PM(n+1)をP-(A+Bn)とみなし、
前記誘導電動機について前記既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM(n+1)=αS(n+1)(αは電動機定数)から誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度の(n+1)次近似値N(n+1)=NS(1-S(n+1))(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップVと、
を(ただし、nは2以上の整数)、前記ステップIIIで前記二次近似値N2が得られた後に、予め定められた回数だけ繰り返す処理を実行する、
請求項3に記載の誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する装置。 - 誘導電動機に投入電力Pが供給されているときの、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する方法であり、
前記損失電力A、請求項1に記載のステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及び請求項1に記載のステップIIIで得られた回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
により回転トルクTを求める、
ことを特徴とする誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する方法。 - 誘導電動機に投入電力Pが供給されているときの、誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する装置であり、
前記装置は、
前記誘導電動機に供給されている投入電力P、電流、電圧及び電圧周波数を含む計測情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記計測情報に基づいて、前記誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを演算により求める演算処理部と、を備え、
前記演算処理部は、請求項1に記載のステップI、ステップII及びステップIIIに規定される処理を実行し、
前記損失電力A、前記ステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及び前記ステップIIIで得られた回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
による演算を実行する、
ことを特徴とする誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する装置。 - 誘導電動機を動力源として、該誘導電動機の、撹拌翼を備えた回転軸を回転することにより反応液の撹拌を行う際の前記反応液の粘度を検出する方法であって、
前記損失電力A、請求項1に記載の前記ステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及び請求項1に記載の前記ステップIIIで得られた回転軸の回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
により前記回転軸の回転トルクTを求め、この回転トルクTから下記式
η=κT/N(単位Pa・S)(κは、反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数。)
により粘度ηを求める、
ことを特徴とする反応液の粘度を検知する方法。 - 誘導電動機を動力源として、該誘導電動機の、撹拌翼を備えた回転軸を回転することにより反応液の撹拌を行う反応器に設置され、前記反応液の粘度を検出する装置であって、
前記装置は、
前記誘導電動機に供給されている投入電力P、電流、電圧及び電圧周波数を含む計測情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記計測情報に基づいて、前記反応液の粘度を演算により求める演算処理部と、
を備え、前記演算処理部は、
請求項1に記載の前記ステップI、ステップII及びステップ
IIIに規定される処理を実行し、
前記損失電力A、前記ステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及び前記ステップIIIで得られた回転軸の回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
による演算を実行し、
得られた回転トルクTから下記式
η=κT/N(単位Pa・S)(κは、反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数。)
により粘度ηを演算により求める、
ことを特徴とする反応液の粘度を検知する装置。 - 少なくとも1種類の化合物を原料として反応生成物を製造する際に、該原料の反応工程において、反応の進行に伴って粘度が変化する反応生成物を製造する方法であり、
該反応を、誘導電動機を動力源として、該誘導電動機の、撹拌翼を備えた回転軸を回転することにより反応生成物の撹拌を行う反応器内で行い、
反応を進行させる際に、
前記誘導電動機の投入電力Pが供給されているときの損失電力をPLとし、該損失電力PLを誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度に依存しない損失電力Aと回転速度に依存する損失電力Bとに区分し、
前記投入電力Pと前記損失電力Aの差分を前記誘導電動機の機械出力の一次近似値PM1とみなし、前記誘導電動機について既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM1=αS1(αは電動機定数)から前記回転軸の回転速度の一次近似値N1=NS(1-S1)(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップIと、
前記一次近似値N1に基づいて、前記損失電力B1を求めるステップIIと、
前記誘導電動機の出力の二次近似値PM2をP-(A+B1)とみなし、
前記誘導電動機について前記既知である出力PMとすべりSとの関係式PM2=αS2(αは電動機定数)から回転軸の回転速度の二次近似値N2=NS(1-S2)(NSは同期速度)を求めるステップ
IIIを含む誘導電動機の回転軸の回転速度を検知する方法により該回転速度を検知する第一工程と、
前記損失電力A、ステップIIで得られた損失電力B1、及びステップIIIで得られた回転速度の二次近似値N2を基に、下記式
T=(P-(A+B1))/(2π×N2/60)
により誘導電動機の回転軸の回転トルクを検知する方法により該回転トルクを検知する第二工程と、
前記回転トルクを検知する工程により得られた回転トルクTから下記式
η=κT/N(単位Pa・S。κは、反応液の攪拌を行う際に用いる反応容器及び攪拌翼の寸法によって決定される定数。)
により反応生成物の粘度ηを求める第三工程
とを行うことを特徴とする反応生成物の製造方法。 - 前記反応生成物が樹脂である、請求項9に記載の反応生成物の製造方法。
- 前記樹脂が、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アクリル樹脂およびエポキシ樹脂からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の樹脂である請求項10記載の反応生成物の製造方法。
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JP2012504947A JP5051486B2 (ja) | 2010-12-27 | 2011-12-12 | 回転速度検出方法及びその装置、反応液粘度検出方法及びその装置、並びに反応生成物の製造方法 |
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WO2013002175A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Dic株式会社 | 反応液の粘度を検知する方法、反応液の粘度検知装置、反応生成物を得る方法及び反応生成物を得るための製造装置 |
JP2013210269A (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-10 | Dic Corp | 印刷インキワニス用樹脂溶液の生成方法、及び生成装置 |
JP2014066680A (ja) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-17 | Dic Corp | 反応液の粘度検知方法及び装置並びに反応液の生成装置 |
US20170373487A1 (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-12-28 | Mojtaba Rashvand | Starting and protecting induction motors |
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US9851286B2 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2017-12-26 | Vibrac, Llc | Viscosity testing system and method of using the same |
DE102012220482A1 (de) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-05-15 | Wagner Vermögensverwaltungs-GmbH & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Drehschraubers sowie Drehschrauber |
US10254318B2 (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2019-04-09 | Nidec Motor Corporation | Systems and methods for estimating input power of an electric motor |
DE102015119756B3 (de) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-11-17 | Sartorius Stedim Biotech Gmbh | Mischvorrichtung zum Durchmischen eines Bioreaktors aufweisend eine Synchronisierungseinrichtung |
JP7000374B2 (ja) * | 2019-04-19 | 2022-01-19 | 横河電機株式会社 | 粘性推定装置及び粘性推定方法 |
CN112858102B (zh) * | 2021-02-22 | 2024-05-24 | 长江大学 | 一种钻井液粘度检测方法、装置及系统 |
US20230063593A1 (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-03-02 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Motor speed measurement systems |
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