WO2012086211A1 - 気体燃料漏洩検知方法、気体燃料漏洩検知装置及びこれを備えるガスエンジン - Google Patents

気体燃料漏洩検知方法、気体燃料漏洩検知装置及びこれを備えるガスエンジン Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012086211A1
WO2012086211A1 PCT/JP2011/007251 JP2011007251W WO2012086211A1 WO 2012086211 A1 WO2012086211 A1 WO 2012086211A1 JP 2011007251 W JP2011007251 W JP 2011007251W WO 2012086211 A1 WO2012086211 A1 WO 2012086211A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
fuel supply
supply valve
valve
gaseous fuel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/007251
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昭宏 竹内
司 今村
洋輔 野中
宏佳 石井
能成 酒井
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2010287567A external-priority patent/JP2012132418A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2010287569A external-priority patent/JP2012132420A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2010287568A external-priority patent/JP2012132419A/ja
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Priority to CN2011800610238A priority Critical patent/CN103261636A/zh
Priority to KR1020137013469A priority patent/KR20130086050A/ko
Publication of WO2012086211A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012086211A1/ja

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/025—Failure diagnosis or prevention; Safety measures; Testing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/026—Measuring or estimating parameters related to the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/027—Determining the fuel pressure, temperature or volume flow, the fuel tank fill level or a valve position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
    • F02M21/0242—Shut-off valves; Check valves; Safety valves; Pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F02D2041/225—Leakage detection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel from a fuel supply valve for a gas engine, and a gas engine provided with the apparatus.
  • the fuel supply system of the gas engine includes a fuel header and a plurality of fuel supply pipes.
  • the fuel header is provided in common to the plurality of cylinders and receives gaseous fuel from a fuel supply source.
  • a fuel supply pipe is provided for each cylinder, and connects the fuel header to the corresponding fuel supply valve.
  • the fuel supply valve injects the gaseous fuel supplied from the fuel supply pipe every engine cycle.
  • the fuel supply valve is arranged at the supply port, the injected gaseous fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber along with the supply air in the supply stroke.
  • the volume of gaseous fuel injected every engine cycle is larger than that in an engine using liquid fuel such as gasoline. For this reason, the fuel supply valve for a gas engine greatly opens or closes the injection port by a minute movement of the valve body.
  • the injection port may be opened widely, and a large amount of gaseous fuel may leak.
  • the gaseous fuel leaks the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber becomes excessively rich and misfires are likely to occur, and unburned gas in the exhaust gas increases, and afterfire is likely to occur.
  • the fuel supply valve cannot be closed normally due to the occurrence of a foreign object, etc., and gas fuel leaks as a result, this is detected quickly, and prompt and appropriate measures such as an emergency stop of the engine. Is required.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 an apparatus and a method for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). Although different from the fuel supply valve, an apparatus and a method for detecting whether or not foreign matter is caught in the intake / exhaust valve have also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 4). Note that the devices and methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 are all intended to be applied to a vehicle engine.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an open failure detection apparatus including a shut-off valve and a pressure sensor.
  • the shutoff valve is provided on a passage for supplying gaseous fuel to the fuel supply valve, and the pressure sensor detects a pressure between the fuel supply valve and the shutoff valve. This device monitors the pressure between the two valves with the fuel supply valve and the shutoff valve closed, and determines that gaseous fuel is leaking when the pressure drops.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a fuel leakage detection device including a pressure sensor.
  • the pressure sensor detects the pressure in the fuel supply passage upstream of the fuel supply valve. This device determines that gaseous fuel is leaking when the pressure after a predetermined period has elapsed from the start of fuel cut is lower than a predetermined value.
  • the fuel cut is executed when the vehicle is decelerating. During the fuel cut, the fuel supply valve stops with the injection port closed.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a fuel injection device provided with an oxygen concentration sensor for detecting the oxygen concentration of exhaust gas. This device gives a valve opening command to the fuel supply valve so that the actually measured excess air ratio obtained from the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas matches the target excess air ratio according to the operating conditions.
  • the current valve opening command given to the fuel supply valve is compared with the valve opening command in the initial use state given to the fuel supply valve under the same operating conditions. When the difference from the valve opening command in the initial state becomes large, it is determined that the gaseous fuel is leaking.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a foreign object biting detection device using a knock sensor.
  • the knock sensor is installed in the cylinder block and detects the vibration of the engine.
  • the vibration of the engine is passed through a band-pass filter to select the valve closing vibration of the intake / exhaust valve, and when the occurrence timing of the valve closing vibration is continuously removed four times from the expected, foreign matter is caught in the intake / exhaust valve. It is judged that
  • Patent Document 2 it is impossible to determine whether or not the gaseous fuel is leaking unless the fuel cut is being executed. For this reason, even if the gaseous fuel leaks while the fuel supply valve is operating normally, this cannot be detected quickly. Even if this approach is used in applications or fields where there is less opportunity to perform fuel cuts compared to vehicular engines, such as power generation engines, it is very difficult to respond quickly to gas fuel leaks. is there.
  • an object of the present invention is to quickly detect even if gaseous fuel leaks due to foreign matter biting or the like, thereby enabling quick response to the leakage of gaseous fuel.
  • valve closing period a period during which the fuel supply valve is intended to be closed
  • valve opening period a period during which the fuel supply valve is intended to open
  • valve closing period a period during which the fuel supply valve is intended to open
  • valve opening period a period during which the fuel supply valve is intended to open
  • a gaseous fuel leakage detection method is a method for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel from a fuel supply valve for a gas engine for injecting gaseous fuel, and supplying gaseous fuel from a fuel header to the fuel supply valve
  • the pressure of the fuel supply pipe to be detected is detected during the closing period of the fuel supply valve, and the oxygen concentration in the air supply port that receives the supply of gaseous fuel from the fuel supply valve is detected based on the detected pressure.
  • the intensity of vibration associated with opening and closing of the fuel supply valve is detected, and based on the detected vibration intensity It is determined whether gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve.
  • whether or not gaseous fuel is leaking is determined based on the pressure of the fuel supply pipe in the valve closing period, the oxygen concentration in the supply port, or the intensity of vibration of the fuel supply valve.
  • this can be detected quickly.
  • it is possible to quickly cope with leakage of gaseous fuel.
  • how such an action is produced by the use of the above method will be described together with the gaseous fuel leakage device according to the present invention made in light of the same knowledge and idea to achieve the same purpose.
  • the inventor of the present invention has obtained the following knowledge in the course of developing a method and apparatus for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel from a fuel supply valve for a gas engine in order to achieve the above object.
  • the fuel supply valve When the fuel supply valve is normal, the gaseous fuel flows at high speed in the fuel supply pipe to generate dynamic pressure during the valve opening period. At this time, since the pressure drops due to friction, the static pressure of the fuel supply pipe is lowered. During the valve closing period, the gaseous fuel does not flow, and the pressure of the fuel supply pipe becomes approximately the same value as the pressure of the gaseous fuel in the fuel header (hereinafter referred to as “fuel pressure”).
  • the present inventor has conceived that if the pressure of the fuel supply pipe during the valve closing period is used, leakage of gaseous fuel can be detected quickly even while the fuel supply valve is operating (FIG. 5). reference).
  • the above-mentioned method and the first gaseous fuel leakage detection apparatus according to the present invention are conceived from such knowledge and idea.
  • a first gaseous fuel leakage detection device is a device for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel from a fuel supply valve for a gas engine, and includes a fuel supply pipe connecting a fuel header to the fuel supply valve.
  • the fuel supply pipe may have a throttle, and the pressure sensor may detect a pressure downstream of the throttle.
  • the fuel pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the gaseous fuel in the fuel header is provided, and the determination device detects the gaseous fuel based on a differential pressure between the pressure detected by the pressure sensor and the pressure detected by the fuel pressure sensor. You may determine whether it is leaking.
  • a rotation phase meter that detects a rotation phase of the crankshaft of the gas engine may be provided, and the determination device may recognize the valve closing period based on the rotation phase detected by the rotation phase meter.
  • the determination device may recognize the valve closing period based on a drive command signal for the fuel supply valve.
  • the determination device When the pressure detected by the pressure sensor during the valve closing period is lower than the pressure detected by the pressure sensor during the previous valve closing period, the determination device has leaked gaseous fuel. May be determined.
  • the pressure detected by the pressure sensor during the valve closing period may be the pressure detected by the pressure sensor when the piston of the gas engine is located near the bottom dead center.
  • the present inventor has also obtained the following knowledge. It is assumed that the fuel supply valve is for supplying gaseous fuel to the air supply port. When the fuel supply valve is normal, gaseous fuel is not supplied to the air supply port during the valve closing period. For this reason, the oxygen concentration in the supply port is almost the same value as the atmosphere. Even during the valve opening period, gaseous fuel is quickly supplied to the combustion chamber along with the supply air flowing through the supply port. For this reason, the oxygen concentration in the supply port is almost the same value as the atmosphere. As a result, when the fuel supply valve is normal, the oxygen concentration in the air supply port changes stably within a narrow numerical range while one engine cycle elapses.
  • the present inventor has conceived that leakage of gaseous fuel can be detected quickly by using the oxygen concentration in the supply port (see FIG. 11).
  • the above-mentioned method and the second gaseous fuel leakage device according to the present invention are conceived from such knowledge and idea.
  • a second gaseous fuel detection device is a device for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel from a fuel supply valve for a gas engine, and is provided in an air supply port that receives supply of gaseous fuel from the fuel supply valve.
  • An oxygen concentration sensor that detects the oxygen concentration of the fuel, and a determination device that determines whether or not gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve based on the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration sensor.
  • the oxygen concentration in the air supply port stably changes within a narrow numerical range while one engine cycle elapses.
  • the oxygen concentration in the air supply port rapidly decreases beyond the numerical range. Therefore, in the method and apparatus, it is determined whether gaseous fuel is leaking based on the oxygen concentration in the supply port. For this reason, even if gaseous fuel is leaked due to the biting of foreign matter, it can be detected quickly and with high accuracy. Thereby, it is possible to quickly cope with leakage of gaseous fuel.
  • the determination device may compare the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration sensor with the threshold value when the rotation phase of the crankshaft of the gas engine is a predetermined phase.
  • a rotational phase meter that detects a rotational phase of the crankshaft, and the determination device detects the rotational phase detected by the rotational phase meter directly from the rotational phase meter or via an engine control device of the gas engine. You may acquire it indirectly.
  • the determination device may determine that gaseous fuel is leaking.
  • the vibration of the fuel supply valve occurs, for example, when the valve body hits a valve seat or a foreign object.
  • the moving distance of the valve body becomes shorter than when no foreign object is caught. For this reason, the vibration is reduced in combination with other factors. This relaxation of vibration occurs immediately when a foreign object is caught.
  • the present inventor can quickly detect the foreign matter biting even when the fuel supply valve is in operation by using the vibration intensity of the fuel supply valve, and consequently, the leakage of gaseous fuel can be detected.
  • the idea was that it could be detected quickly (see FIG. 16).
  • the method and the third gaseous fuel leakage device according to the present invention described below are conceived from such knowledge and idea.
  • a third gaseous fuel leakage detection device is a device for detecting leakage of gaseous fuel from a fuel supply valve for a gas engine, and is installed in the fuel supply valve to vibrate the fuel supply valve. And a determination device for determining whether gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve based on a vibration intensity detected by the vibration sensor when the fuel supply valve is opened and closed. And comprising.
  • the vibration intensity changes immediately.
  • the vibration sensor since the vibration sensor is installed in the fuel supply valve, the vibration intensity of the fuel supply valve is well detected. Then, based on the intensity of vibration accompanying opening / closing of the fuel supply valve detected by the vibration sensor, it is determined whether or not the gaseous fuel is leaking. For this reason, even if a foreign object bites into the fuel supply valve, this can be detected quickly and with high accuracy. Thereby, even if gaseous fuel leaks due to the biting of foreign matter, it is possible to quickly cope with the leakage of gaseous fuel.
  • An open / close signal supply device for supplying a signal representing the open / close timing of the fuel supply valve, wherein the determination device recognizes the open / close of the fuel supply valve based on a signal supplied from the open / close signal supply device;
  • the signal supply device may be an engine control device of the gas engine, and the signal indicating the opening / closing timing of the fuel supply valve may be a drive command signal for the fuel supply valve input from the engine control device.
  • An open / close signal supply device for supplying a signal representing the open / close timing of the fuel supply valve, wherein the determination device recognizes the open / close timing of the fuel supply valve based on a signal supplied from the open / close signal supply device;
  • the opening / closing signal supply device is a rotation phase meter that detects a rotation phase of the crankshaft of the gas engine, and a signal that represents the opening / closing timing of the fuel supply valve is a rotation phase signal that indicates the rotation phase of the crankshaft,
  • the determination device may acquire the rotational phase signal directly from the rotational phase meter or indirectly through an engine control device of the gas engine.
  • the determination device may determine that gaseous fuel is leaking when the intensity of vibration associated with opening and closing of the fuel supply valve detected by the vibration sensor is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold.
  • the determination device determines that gaseous fuel has leaked when the intensity of vibration associated with opening and closing of the fuel supply valve detected by the vibration sensor has decreased to a predetermined value or more compared to the previous one. May be.
  • the gas engine according to the present invention includes the first, second, or third gaseous fuel leakage detection device described above. According to this gas engine, even if the gaseous fuel leaks due to the biting of foreign matter, it can be detected quickly and with high accuracy. Therefore, it is possible to quickly cope with leakage of gaseous fuel.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the gaseous fuel leakage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view conceptually showing the structure of the fuel supply valve shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing the mounting position of the pressure sensor shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a change in pressure of the fuel supply pipe shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the principle of gaseous fuel leakage detection in the gaseous fuel leakage detection device and the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the gaseous fuel leakage detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view showing the mounting position of the oxygen concentration sensor shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the oxygen concentration in the air supply port shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph for explaining the principle of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating the principle of gaseous fuel leakage detection in the gaseous fuel leakage detection device and the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the gaseous fuel leakage detection device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • 14 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing the structure of the fuel supply valve shown in FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the mounting position of the vibration sensor shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a graph illustrating the principle of gaseous fuel leakage detection in the gaseous fuel leakage detection device and the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a gaseous fuel leakage device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage device 100 according to the first embodiment is applied to the gas engine 10 for power generation, and whether gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve 26 based on the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 in the valve closing period. Determine whether or not.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 according to the present embodiment is an electromagnetic open / close valve
  • the engine control device that controls the operation of the electromagnetic open / close valve outputs a valve close command signal during the “valve closing period” according to the present embodiment. It corresponds to a period.
  • the “valve opening period” corresponds to a period during which the engine control apparatus outputs a valve opening command signal.
  • the valve closing command signal and the valve opening command signal may be collectively referred to as a drive command signal.
  • the “valve closing period” and “valve opening period” are included in one “engine cycle” one by one when the gas engine is operating normally, and the “valve closing period” and “ The “valve opening period” is repeated alternately.
  • the “engine cycle” is a series of operations including four strokes of an air supply stroke, a compression stroke, an explosion stroke (expansion stroke), and an exhaust stroke, and the piston is moved during one engine cycle. Two reciprocations are made and the crankshaft rotates twice.
  • “Cycle phase” is an index that indicates when the cycle is in one engine cycle. For example, the position of the piston, the rotation phase of the crankshaft (crank angle), and the rotation of the rotating body linked to the crankshaft. Phase can be applied.
  • the gas engine 10 has a plurality of cylinders, and FIG. 1 shows one of them as a representative.
  • the gas engine 10 includes, for each cylinder, a piston 12, a connecting rod, an air supply port 13, an exhaust port 14, two air supply valves 15, two exhaust valves 16, a combustion chamber (a main combustion chamber 17 and a sub chamber 18).
  • a spark plug 19, a fuel supply valve 26, a fuel supply pipe 29, and a pressure sensor 51 are provided.
  • the gas engine 10 is provided with an engine cylinder 11, a cylinder head 20, a crankshaft 21, an air supply manifold 23, an exhaust manifold 24, and a fuel header 25 in common with some or all of a plurality of cylinders. .
  • the combustion chamber is surrounded by the cylinder head 20, the side wall of the engine cylinder 11 and the piston 12.
  • An air supply port 13 is connected to the combustion chamber via an air supply valve 15, and an exhaust port 14 is connected to the combustion chamber via an exhaust valve 16.
  • the air supply valve 15 is opened to supply air supply mixed with gaseous fuel to the combustion chamber, and after being compressed, the ignition plug 19 ignites the gas in the combustion chamber to expand and the piston 12 is pushed down in the engine cylinder 11.
  • the crankshaft 21 rotates through the connecting rod.
  • the crankshaft 21 is driven by a plurality of pistons 12 and continuously rotates. As the crankshaft 21 rotates, the exhaust valve 16 opens while the piston 12 is pushed up through the bottom dead center, and the combustion gas is removed through the exhaust port 14. When the crankshaft 21 rotates, the generator 22 can be driven to generate electric power.
  • the combustion chamber includes a main combustion chamber 17 in which the piston 12 reciprocates, and a sub chamber 18 that communicates with the main combustion chamber 17 through an opening formed in a ceiling portion of the main combustion chamber 17.
  • the sub chamber 18 is provided with a spark plug 19 and a sub fuel supply valve (not shown).
  • Supplied air is supplied to the air supply manifold 23 through a supercharger 35 (turbocharger).
  • the air supply manifold 23 is connected to a plurality of air supply ports 13 provided for each cylinder by branch pipes, and distributes homogeneous air supply to each cylinder.
  • the supercharger 35 uses the energy of the exhaust gas to increase the supply air density, and the output of the gas engine 10 can be increased by increasing the supply air density.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 injects and injects gaseous fuel into the air supply port 13, generates an air-fuel mixture having an appropriate air-fuel ratio, and supplies it to the combustion chamber.
  • the exhaust gas discharged to the exhaust port 14 gathers in the exhaust manifold 24 connected to the exhaust port 14 by branch pipes, and then exhausts from the supercharger 35, the deodorizing and denitration device 36, the boiler 37, the silencer 38, and the like.
  • the gas passes through the gas processing device and is released to the atmosphere.
  • the deodorization / denitration device 36 is a device that removes odor components and nitrogen oxides using an adsorbent or a catalyst.
  • the piping connecting each device is provided with a safety valve so that if an unexpected high pressure is applied, the rupture plate is broken and high pressure gas is released to the outside air so that excessive pressure is not applied to the devices.
  • compressed natural gas, liquefied propane gas or compressed hydrogen can be applied to the gaseous fuel.
  • the gaseous fuel is supplied to and held in a gaseous fuel storage device 31 such as a cylinder or tank, is supplied to the regulator 33 via the shut-off valve 32, and is adjusted to an appropriate pressure by the regulator 33, and then a filter (not shown). )
  • the fuel header 25 includes a branch pipe 28 for each cylinder, and a fuel supply pipe 29 is connected to the tip of the branch pipe 28 via a throttle 34.
  • Providing the throttle 34 has an effect of not significantly affecting the pressure of the fuel header 25 when the gaseous fuel is supplied to the air supply port 13.
  • the lower end of the fuel supply pipe 29 is connected to the supply port of the fuel supply valve 26 to supply the gaseous fuel from the fuel header 25 to the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 is, for example, a solenoid-driven face-type poppet valve, which is an electromagnetic valve capable of flowing a large amount of gas in a short time by forming a large opening with a small stroke.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 has a valve seat 46 formed of a flat plate and a valve body 45 formed of a flat plate, and when the valve body 45 comes into contact with the valve seat 46, a gas The in-valve flow path through which the fuel flows is blocked.
  • a through groove is formed concentrically on the flat plate of the valve body 45 and the flat plate of the valve seat 46, and when the valve body 45 comes into flat contact with the valve seat 46, the through grooves touch each other and block the passage.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 is closed.
  • the valve body 45 is separated from the valve seat 46, the plurality of through-grooves are electrically connected to each other to form a large opening with only a slight separation, and the fuel supply valve 26 is opened.
  • the valve body 45 is attracted away from the valve seat 46 by the electromagnet 43, and when the valve is closed, the valve body 45 is pressed against the valve seat 46 by the spring 44.
  • the gaseous fuel in the fuel header 25 by adjusting the gaseous fuel in the fuel header 25 to a sufficiently high pressure so that the differential pressure between the fuel pressure and the supply air pressure is about 50 to 200 kPa, a large flow rate can be secured.
  • the electromagnet 43 that attracts the valve body 45 of the fuel supply valve 26 is strong, and the valve body 45 can be pulled off from the valve seat 46 in a short time to form a large opening. Since the spring 44 that presses against the spring is also strong, the opening and closing of the valve has a quick response of about 2 to 3 ms.
  • the valve opening period of the fuel supply valve 26 is controlled, the supply amount of the gaseous fuel can be set with high reproducibility.
  • the outlet of the fuel supply valve 26 opens to the air supply port 13.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 injects gaseous fuel into the air supply port 13 so that the air supply is mixed with the gaseous fuel.
  • the engine control device 40 individually controls the behavior in the plurality of cylinders.
  • the engine control device 40 is, for example, a supply air pressure signal supplied from a supply air pressure sensor 42 provided in the supply air port 13 or a crank angle signal supplied from a rotation phase meter 41 that measures the rotation phase of the crankshaft 21.
  • the fuel pressure signal of the gaseous fuel supplied from the fuel pressure sensor 43 provided in the fuel header 25 is input to grasp the state of the gas engine 10.
  • the engine control device 40 calculates the current output of the generator 22, compares it with the set target output, and if there is a deviation, sets various control variables so as to eliminate the deviation. adjust.
  • the engine control device 40 can control the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber by adjusting the amount of gaseous fuel supplied during supply using the supply air pressure. Further, it has a function of calculating the operation timing of the ignition plug 19 and the fuel supply valve 26 for each cylinder based on the crank angle and issuing an operation command to them.
  • the engine control device 40 can perform an emergency stop of the engine by giving a valve closing command signal to the fuel supply valves 26 in all the cylinders.
  • the engine control device 40 controls the spark plug 19 and the fuel supply valve 26 and the like so that the load and the rotational speed are constant over a long period of time.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage device 100 can detect leakage of gaseous fuel from the fuel supply valve 26 while the fuel supply valve 26 is in operation.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 switches between opening and closing with an extremely small stroke of less than 0.3 mm. For this reason, even if a very small foreign object is inserted, the flat surface of the valve body 45 and the flat surface of the valve seat 46 cannot be closed closely, resulting in poor valve closing, and a large amount of gaseous fuel leaks and is supplied. Mix in the air.
  • the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber may become excessively rich and misfire may occur, or unburned gas may flow into the exhaust manifold 24 and cause afterfire. If a misfire occurs, the output of the generator 22 is affected. When the afterfire is generated, it affects the life of the supercharger 35, the adsorbent and catalyst of the deodorizing and denitrifying device 36, the heat exchanger of the boiler 37, and the silencer 38.
  • the gas engine 10 includes a gaseous fuel leakage device 100 that immediately detects and notifies when gaseous fuel leaks when the fuel supply valve 26 should be closed. As a result, an abnormal signal is transmitted to the engine control device 40 to take a predetermined emergency stop measure, or to notify the operator and take appropriate measures such as an emergency stop of the engine based on advanced judgment. It is possible to do so.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage device 100 includes a pressure sensor 51 that detects the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 that supplies gaseous fuel from the fuel header 25 to the fuel supply valve 26, and the fuel supply valve 26 is closed during the valve closing period. Whether or not the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal based on the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 detected by the pressure sensor 51 (more specifically, whether or not gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve 26). And an abnormal transmission device 50 for determining the above.
  • the pressure sensor 51 detects a pressure corresponding to the static pressure in the fuel supply pipe 29 and outputs a pressure signal.
  • the abnormality transmission device 50 functions as a determination device that determines whether or not the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal.
  • the abnormality transmitter 50 receives the pressure signal from the pressure sensor 51 and a cycle phase signal representing the cycle phase.
  • the cycle phase signal is output from the cycle phase signal detection device.
  • the cycle phase detection device may be the rotational phase meter 41 or an electronic circuit or a computer program that determines the cycle phase based on the drive command signal for the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the abnormality transmitter 50 recognizes the closing period of the fuel supply valve 26 based on the input cycle phase signal. If the abnormality transmission device 50 determines that the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal, the abnormality transmission device 50 outputs an abnormality signal.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing the mounting position of the pressure sensor 51 shown in FIG.
  • a branch pipe 28 corresponding to each cylinder is provided in the fuel header 25.
  • a fuel supply pipe 29 is connected to the end of the branch pipe 28 via a throttle 34. Further, the end of the fuel supply pipe 29 is connected to the inlet of the fuel supply valve 26. The outlet of the fuel supply valve 26 opens to the air supply port 13.
  • the pressure sensor 51 is attached to the downstream side of the throttle 34 of the fuel supply pipe 29, for example, a side position at a position immediately below.
  • the pressure sensor 51 detects the pressure in the fuel supply pipe 29 corresponding to the static pressure at the mounting position, and transmits a pressure signal to the abnormality transmitter 50.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a change in the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows the measurement results of a gas engine operating normally as normal, with the elapsed time on the horizontal axis, the number of revolutions on the right vertical axis, and the gas in the fuel header 25 on the left vertical axis.
  • a differential pressure obtained by subtracting the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 26 from the fuel pressure (fuel pressure) is taken.
  • the upper plot is the rotational speed at the top dead center position of the piston 12.
  • the lower line shows the change in differential pressure (change in the pressure equivalent to the static pressure of gaseous fuel in the fuel supply pipe 29).
  • the pressure of the gaseous fuel in the fuel supply pipe 29 is rapidly reduced during the supply stroke while the fuel supply valve 26 is opened and the gaseous fuel is supplied during supply, and then rapidly recovered. During the valve closing period, the pressure is almost the same as the fuel pressure.
  • the pressure in the fuel supply pipe 29 during the valve opening period decreases by about 7 kPa each time. As the number of rotations of the crankshaft 21 increases, the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 also increases, but the increase rate is small and does not hinder the grasp of the decompression status associated with the opening and closing of the fuel supply valve 26.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the principle of gaseous fuel leakage detection in the gaseous fuel leakage detection device 100 and the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows the state of the air supply valve 15, the exhaust valve 16 and the fuel supply valve 26 in the upper graph, and the pressure change in the fuel supply pipe 29 in the lower graph. If the fuel supply valve 26 cannot close normally during the valve closing period due to foreign matter being caught in the fuel supply valve 26, the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 does not recover to the fuel pressure during the valve closing period.
  • the abnormality transmission device 50 monitors the output of the pressure sensor 51 and generates an alarm when the occurrence of such a pattern is detected.
  • the output of the pressure sensor 51 changes between a value equivalent to the fuel pressure and a value reduced by opening the fuel supply valve 26 even under normal conditions.
  • the abnormality transmission device 50 according to the present embodiment uses the pressure detected during the valve closing period by removing the period during which the pressure is reduced by opening the fuel supply valve 26 from the output change of the pressure sensor 51.
  • the pressures detected during the valve closing period the pressures detected at the time near the bottom dead center in the air supply and compression strokes can be used.
  • the opening period of the fuel supply valve 26 is set between immediately after the air supply valve 15 is opened and until the air supply valve 15 is closed. Since the piston 12 passes the bottom dead center after the air supply valve 15 is closed and the compression stroke starts, the fuel supply valve 26 is in a closed state at the time of starting the compression stroke. In addition, if it is a compression stroke start time, since abnormality can be detected as quickly as possible, it is useful.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in FIG. 6 is executed for each engine cycle.
  • the abnormality transmission device 50 takes in information on the rotational phase (cycle phase) of the crankshaft from the engine control device 40 (S11), and supplies and compresses the target cylinder.
  • the timing of the bottom dead center in the process is recognized or detected (S12).
  • the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 51 is taken in and the pressure value in the said bottom dead center is extracted (S13).
  • the difference between the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 at the bottom dead center and the latest average value is taken (S14), and when the differential pressure is greatly reduced below a threshold set to about 2 to 3 kPa (S15). Then, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the fuel supply valve 26, and an abnormality detection signal is generated (S16). When the differential pressure is not large (S15), the measured pressure value is added to calculate the latest average value (S17), and it is prepared for the next determination.
  • the pressure sensor 51 is provided on the downstream side of the throttle 34.
  • the flow rate of the gaseous fuel is increased by the throttle 34, the dynamic pressure is increased, and the static pressure is greatly decreased.
  • the pressure sensor 51 is provided on the downstream side of the throttle 34, it is possible to detect a failure to recover static pressure when the gaseous fuel leaks, and the detection sensitivity of the abnormality is increased.
  • the pressure sensor 51 is provided at a position where the contracted flow is most marked by the throttle 34, the decrease in static pressure is maximized and the abnormality detection sensitivity is improved.
  • the pressure in the fuel supply pipe 29 is compared with the past measured value or the average value of the latest several measured values. May be.
  • the average value used here may be a moving average value or a weighted average value obtained by gradually reducing the weight applied to an old measurement value.
  • the determination may be made by comparing with the fuel pressure value directly measured by the fuel pressure sensor 43 installed in the fuel header 25.
  • the fuel pressure sensor 43 may be installed for engine control even in a conventional gas engine. In such a case, an existing sensor can be used.
  • the abnormality transmitter 50 may receive the crank angle signal directly from the rotational phase meter 41 installed on the crankshaft 21. The abnormal signal may be supplied to the engine control device 40 to start an emergency stop operation. Alternatively, an alarm may be used to determine the operator's judgment.
  • the closing period of the fuel supply valve 26 there is a method of using a drive command signal of the fuel supply valve 26 or a crank angle signal when the air supply valve 15 is closed. If an appropriate time elapses after the valve closing command is issued to the fuel supply valve 26, the flow of the gaseous fuel normally stops completely, and the pressure of the fuel supply pipe 29 returns to the fuel pressure of the fuel header 25. Therefore, by acquiring the valve closing command signal (drive command signal) of the fuel supply valve 26 from the engine control device 40, the valve closing period can be easily recognized. Since the fuel supply valve 26 should be closed when the air supply valve 15 is closed, if the air supply valve 15 is an electromagnetic valve, a valve closing command signal for the air supply valve is issued. The occurrence of abnormality can also be determined using the pressure signal at the timing as it is.
  • the abnormality transmission device in the present embodiment may be configured by a dedicated electronic circuit or may be configured by a general-purpose microcomputer. Furthermore, it may be configured as a part of an electronic circuit that constitutes a control device for the gas engine.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 for injecting gaseous fuel into the supply port 13 is targeted, but other fuel supply valves, for example, the auxiliary fuel supply valve provided in the sub chamber 18 may also be targeted. it can.
  • FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the gaseous fuel leakage detection device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage detection device 200 according to the second embodiment is applied to the power generation gas engine 10 and whether or not gaseous fuel is leaked from the fuel supply valve 26 based on the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13. Is detected.
  • the gas engine 10 is provided with an oxygen concentration sensor 251 for each cylinder.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage detection apparatus 200 according to the second embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the above embodiment.
  • the gaseous fuel leak detection device 200 has an oxygen concentration sensor 251 that detects the oxygen concentration in the supply port 13 and the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal based on the oxygen concentration in the supply port 13. And an abnormality transmitting device 250 that determines whether or not (more specifically, whether or not gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve 26).
  • the oxygen concentration sensor 251 detects the oxygen concentration contained in the air in the supply port 13 and outputs an oxygen concentration signal representing the detected oxygen concentration.
  • the abnormality transmission device 250 functions as a determination device that determines whether or not the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal. For the determination, the abnormality transmitter 250 receives an oxygen concentration signal from the oxygen concentration sensor 251 and a cycle phase signal representing the cycle phase.
  • the abnormality transmitter 250 compares the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 251 with a predetermined threshold, and determines that the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal when the oxygen concentration is lower than the threshold. If the abnormality transmitter 250 determines that the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal, it outputs an abnormal signal.
  • FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway front view showing the mounting position of the oxygen concentration sensor 251 shown in FIG.
  • a fuel supply pipe 29 that measures and supplies gaseous fuel from the fuel header 25 is connected to the inlet of the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the outlet of the fuel supply valve 26 opens to the air supply port 13.
  • the oxygen concentration sensor 251 is attached to the side wall of the air supply port 13 immediately downstream of the fuel supply valve 26, measures the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13, and transmits an oxygen concentration signal to the abnormal transmission device 50.
  • the oxygen concentration sensor 51 is installed not at a position that directly receives fuel injection from the fuel supply valve 26 but at a position before the injected gaseous fuel and air are mixed in a normal state. Therefore, when the fuel supply valve 26 is operating normally, the measurement output of the oxygen concentration sensor 51 becomes a value corresponding to the oxygen concentration of the air taken in as supply air.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13 shown in FIG.
  • the horizontal axis represents engine speed and load, and the vertical axis represents oxygen concentration.
  • FIG. 9 is a bar graph in which the oxygen concentration when the fuel supply valve 26 is normal and abnormal (for example, when the fuel supply valve 26 bites in a foreign object and cannot be sealed) is used with the engine speed and load as parameters. Is shown.
  • the oxygen concentration when the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal is calculated and displayed as a value in which fuel is accumulated while only one engine cycle elapses.
  • FIG. 9 suggests that, during normal continuous operation of the power generation gas engine 10, even if only one engine cycle has elapsed after the leakage of gaseous fuel, a significant decrease in oxygen concentration appears.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph for explaining the principle of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • time is plotted on the horizontal axis and oxygen concentration is plotted on the vertical axis, and the time variation of the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13 is conceptually shown.
  • the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13 is 20 to 21%, which is almost the same as the atmosphere. Even if the fuel supply valve 26 is operated to inject gaseous fuel, the oxygen concentration detected by the oxygen concentration sensor 251 does not change much.
  • the oxygen concentration in the supply port 13 rapidly decreases as soon as the supply stroke is completed.
  • the fuel-rich air supply is pushed into the combustion chamber by being pushed by fresh air drawn from the outside air.
  • the mixture and air in the air supply port 13 are switched and the oxygen concentration does not recover.
  • the air supply stroke is completed. Again, the oxygen concentration decreases rapidly.
  • the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13 shows the same value as air when the fuel supply valve 26 is normal, and when the fuel supply valve 26 has a failure, it is at the time when the air supply stroke is completed. Since it decreases rapidly, an appropriate threshold value can be set, and it can be determined that there is an abnormality when the oxygen concentration falls below the threshold value.
  • An appropriate value for the threshold value of the oxygen concentration may be selected depending on the engine speed. However, for example, if the threshold value is 17%, the oxygen concentration threshold value can be used even when the engine speed reaches 720 rpm.
  • the detected oxygen concentration may decrease due to fuel injection.
  • the normal fuel supply valve 26 may be mistaken as abnormal if it is determined based only on the oxygen concentration decrease amount. Therefore, it is correct only when the timing for monitoring the oxygen concentration is set to an appropriate cycle phase time point to avoid the noise of the oxygen concentration lowering phenomenon caused by injection and to be considered that the oxygen concentration lowering is caused by the abnormality of the fuel supply valve Judgment can be made.
  • the abnormality transmitter 250 receives the cycle phase signal and uses it for recognizing the time.
  • the phenomenon that the oxygen concentration of the supply port 13 decreases due to the abnormality of the fuel supply valve 26 is, for example, the timing immediately after the supply valve 15 is closed or the bottom dead center position of the piston 12 at which the compression stroke after supply starts. It can be reliably detected by using the oxygen concentration at a nearby timing. For this reason, the abnormality transmission device 250 can further capture the cycle phase information, avoid the fuel injection timing, and evaluate the decrease in oxygen concentration after the supply valve 15 is closed.
  • the cycle phase information may be directly received from the rotational phase meter 41 installed on the crankshaft 21 and used for designating the time for evaluating the oxygen concentration. Further, the engine control device 40 supplies a valve closing command signal (drive command signal) for the fuel supply valve 26 and generates a command signal for the valve using the bottom dead center passage information of the piston 12.
  • the transmission device 250 may receive and use the valve closing command signal (drive command signal) of the fuel supply valve 26 and the bottom dead center passage information of the piston 12 from the engine control device 40.
  • the abnormality transmission device 250 supplies the engine control device 40 with a signal notifying the occurrence of an abnormality when an abnormality is detected so that the engine control device 40 immediately takes an emergency stop, the afterfire can be prevented in advance. be able to.
  • abnormality transmission device 250 and the engine control device 40 are not directly connected to each other, but the abnormality transmission device 250 notifies the occurrence of the abnormality, and the operator receives the notification and takes appropriate measures via the engine control device 40. May be.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating the principle of gaseous fuel leakage detection in the gaseous fuel leakage detection device 200 and the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 11 shows a crank angle with zero when the piston is at top dead center on the horizontal axis, oxygen concentration on the vertical axis, and an abnormality in the fuel supply valve 26 occurs when the gas engine 10 is started.
  • the time change of the oxygen concentration is conceptually shown. Under such circumstances, the oxygen concentration in the air supply port 13 decreases with time.
  • the oxygen concentration which was about 19% at the beginning, suddenly decreases and becomes almost zero when the crank angle reaches 240 °, and fuel leakage based on the decrease in oxygen concentration can be sufficiently detected within one rotation. It can be seen that even if foreign matter is mixed into the fuel supply valve 26 at the time of reconstruction after overhaul, the foreign matter can be detected quickly and with high accuracy when the gas engine 10 is restarted.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in FIG. 12 is executed for each engine cycle.
  • the abnormality transmission device 250 fetches cycle phase information from the engine control device 40 (S211), for example, the timing of bottom dead center in the supply and compression strokes of the target cylinder. For example, if the supply valve 15 is closed (S212), the oxygen concentration signal of the oxygen concentration sensor 51 is captured (S213). The captured oxygen concentration is compared with a predetermined threshold value (S214). If the oxygen concentration is lower than the predetermined threshold value, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the fuel supply valve 26 and an abnormal signal is generated (S215).
  • the process returns to the initial stage and returns to the first stage (S211) again. Then start the first operation in the next work procedure.
  • the abnormal signal may be supplied to the engine control device 40 to start an emergency stop operation. Alternatively, an alarm may be used to determine the operator's judgment.
  • the procedure shown in FIG. 12 is to select the timing at which the abnormality transmission device 250 evaluates the oxygen concentration measurement value based on the phase signal acquired from the engine control device 40. If the oxygen concentration sensor 251 does not respond to a decrease in concentration during normal fuel injection, the steps (S211 and S212) based on the phase signal are not necessary.
  • the cycle phase signal can also be received directly from the rotation phase meter 41 installed on the crankshaft 21 to the abnormality transmission device 250.
  • a method of using an operation command signal of the fuel supply valve 26 or a cycle phase signal when the air supply valve 15 is closed For example, after a command to close the fuel supply valve 26 is issued, if an appropriate time elapses, the flow of gaseous fuel normally stops completely, and the oxygen concentration of the supply port 13 returns to almost the oxygen concentration of air. ing. Therefore, by acquiring the valve closing command signal for the fuel supply valve 26 from the engine control device 40, a timing signal used for the determination can be easily obtained. Alternatively, since the air supply valve 15 is closed after an appropriate time has elapsed after the fuel supply valve 26 is closed, a cycle phase signal may be used when the air supply valve 15 is closed or while it is closed.
  • the abnormality transmission device in the present embodiment may be configured by a dedicated electronic circuit or may be configured by a general-purpose microcomputer. Furthermore, you may make it comprise with a part of electronic circuit which comprises the control apparatus for gas engines.
  • FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a gaseous fuel leakage detection device 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage device 300 according to the present embodiment determines whether gaseous fuel is leaking from the fuel supply valve 26 based on the intensity of vibration associated with opening and closing of the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the gas engine 10 is provided with a vibration sensor 351 for each cylinder.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage apparatus 300 according to the third embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the above embodiment.
  • the gaseous fuel leakage device 300 is installed in the fuel supply valve 26 to detect the vibration intensity of the fuel supply valve 26 and to open and close the fuel supply valve 26.
  • an abnormality transmitter 350 that determines whether or not the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal (more specifically, whether or not a foreign object is caught in the fuel supply valve 26) based on the intensity of the accompanying vibration.
  • the abnormality transmission device 351 includes an open / close signal supply device that supplies a signal that indicates the open / close timing of the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the rotational phase meter 41 functions as the open / close vibration supply device.
  • the vibration sensor 351 detects the vibration intensity of the fuel supply valve, and outputs a vibration measurement signal representing the detected vibration intensity.
  • the abnormality transmitter 350 functions as a determination device that determines whether or not the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal. For the determination, the abnormality transmitter 350 receives a vibration measurement signal from the vibration sensor 351, and also receives a signal representing the rotation phase of the crankshaft 21 as a signal for displaying the opening / closing timing from the rotation phase meter 41. If the abnormality transmission device 350 determines that the fuel supply valve 26 is abnormal, the abnormality transmission device 350 outputs an abnormality signal.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing the structure of the fuel supply valve 26 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the mounting position of the vibration sensor 351 shown in FIG.
  • a fuel supply pipe 29 that supplies gaseous fuel from the fuel header 25 is connected to the inlet of the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the outlet of the fuel supply valve 26 opens to the air supply port 13, and when the fuel supply valve 26 opens, gaseous fuel is injected into the air supply port 13, thereby mixing the gaseous fuel with the air supply.
  • the vibration sensor 351 is attached to a side wall near the valve seat position of the fuel supply valve 26 (an outer wall of the casing of the fuel supply valve 26), measures vibrations generated as the fuel supply valve 26 is opened and closed, and measures vibrations. Is transmitted to the abnormal transmission device 350.
  • vibration accompanying opening and closing there are, for example, vibration when the magnetic core of the valve body 45 and the electromagnet 43 collides, and vibration when the valve body 45 and the valve seat 46 collide.
  • the engine generates various kinds of vibrations, and the vibration that can be used to determine the abnormality in the fuel supply valve 26 is only the vibration when the valve body 45 of the fuel supply valve 26 and the valve seat 46 collide. Moreover, the vibration generated by the collision between the valve body 45 and the valve seat 46 has a small stroke and is not necessarily large. Therefore, the signal processing device provided in the abnormality transmitter 350 extracts only vibrations synchronized with the occurrence timing of the collision from the vibration measurement signals input from the vibration sensor 351, thereby accompanying the opening and closing of the fuel supply valve 26. After classifying signals representing vibrations, changes in the vibration level are evaluated to detect foreign object biting. The abnormality transmission device 350 receives a signal representing the opening / closing timing, and uses the signal for this extraction and classification processing.
  • FIG. 16 is a graph illustrating the principle of gaseous fuel leakage detection in the gaseous fuel leakage detection device 300 and the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • time is plotted on the horizontal axis.
  • the vertical axis represents the valve state, and represents the opening / closing timing of the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the vertical axis represents the acceleration level (that is, vibration intensity) detected by the vibration sensor 351, and conceptually represents the change in vibration intensity during normal operation.
  • the vertical axis represents the acceleration level (that is, vibration intensity) detected by the vibration sensor 351, and conceptually represents a change in vibration intensity at the time of abnormality.
  • the vibration output from the vibration sensor 351 is applied by applying a time filter in which the window is opened only for an appropriate period before and after the opening and closing command signals for the fuel supply valve 26 are issued.
  • the intensity of vibration accompanying opening and closing can be extracted from the signal.
  • the valve opening command signal and the valve closing command signal are calculated based on the rotational phase of the crankshaft 21 detected by the engine control device 40 with the rotational phase meter 41 and supplied to the fuel supply valve 26.
  • the abnormality transmitter 350 can recognize the opening / closing timing of the fuel supply valve 26 and generate a time filter having a duration of vibration.
  • the output signal of the rotation phase meter 41 is supplied directly or via the engine control device 40 to the abnormality transmission device 350, and the abnormality transmission device 350 itself generates the time filter based on the rotation phase of the crankshaft 21. May be.
  • the vibrations when the fuel supply valve 26 is opened and closed are repeatedly generated with substantially the same strength.
  • a buffer is present between the surfaces of the valve body 45 and the valve seat 46 that collide with each other. Therefore, the intensity of vibration and noise generated by the collision between the valve body 45 and the valve seat 46 is reduced.
  • the vibration state when the magnetic body of the valve body collides with the magnetic core of the electromagnet 43 with the opening of the fuel supply valve 26 does not change much.
  • the vibration intensity becomes weaker than normal it can be determined that the foreign matter has been caught when the vibration intensity becomes weaker than normal.
  • the weakening of the vibration intensity can be detected by comparing with the vibration level at the time of closing the valve. Also, an appropriate threshold value is found in advance, and it can be determined that an abnormality has occurred in the fuel supply valve 26 when the vibration intensity becomes smaller than the threshold value. When an abnormality is detected, an abnormality signal is transmitted.
  • This determination procedure is simple, but if an abnormality occurs in the fuel supply valve 26, the abnormality can be detected almost simultaneously with the start of leakage of gaseous fuel. There is room for taking appropriate measures.
  • the abnormality transmission device 350 supplies an abnormality signal for notifying the occurrence of abnormality when the abnormality is detected to the engine control device 40 so that the engine control device 40 immediately takes an emergency stop, the mixing in the exhaust manifold 24 is performed. The combustion of the gas does not occur, and it is possible to prevent damage to each device in the exhaust gas treatment process.
  • the abnormality transmission device 50 notifies the abnormality occurrence without directly supplying the abnormality signal generated by the abnormality transmission device 50 to the engine control device 40, and the operator receives the notification and receives an appropriate notification via the engine control device 40. You may make it take a countermeasure.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the gaseous fuel leakage detection method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in FIG. 17 is executed for each engine cycle.
  • the abnormality transmission device 350 takes in the cycle phase information obtained from the engine control device 40 based on the rotational phase of the crankshaft (S311), and the fuel supply valve 26
  • the valve closing timing is recognized (S312), and the vibration generated in the valve seat 46 when the valve is closed is extracted from the vibration measurement signal supplied from the vibration sensor 351 (S313).
  • the vibration thus extracted is compared with a threshold value (S314), and if the vibration intensity falls below the threshold value, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the fuel supply valve 26 and an abnormality signal is generated (S315).
  • a threshold value S314
  • the process returns to the first stage (S311) and the next work procedure is started.
  • the abnormal signal may be supplied to the engine control device 40 to start an emergency stop operation. Alternatively, an alarm may be used to determine the operator's judgment.
  • the procedure shown in FIG. 17 is such that the abnormality transmission device 350 selects the timing for evaluating the vibration of the fuel supply valve 26 based on the phase signal acquired from the engine control device 40.
  • the abnormality transmitter 350 can directly receive the cycle phase information from the rotational phase meter 41 installed on the crankshaft 21. Further, the valve closing command signal for the fuel supply valve 26 supplied from the engine control device 40 can be received and used.
  • the abnormality transmission device in the present embodiment may be configured by a dedicated electronic circuit, or may be configured by a general-purpose microcomputer. Furthermore, you may make it comprise with a part of electronic circuit which comprises the control apparatus for gas engines.
  • the fuel supply valve 26 that injects gaseous fuel into the supply port 13 is targeted.
  • other fuel supply valves, for example, the auxiliary fuel injection valve provided in the sub chamber 18 are targeted. You can also
  • the invention will be described by taking a four-cycle gas engine having a sub chamber as an example. Needless to say, it can be done. Moreover, although the gas engine demonstrated in a figure drives a generator, it may drive a wheel, a screw, etc., and may utilize it for operation of a vehicle or a ship.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
PCT/JP2011/007251 2010-12-24 2011-12-26 気体燃料漏洩検知方法、気体燃料漏洩検知装置及びこれを備えるガスエンジン WO2012086211A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011800610238A CN103261636A (zh) 2010-12-24 2011-12-26 气体燃料泄漏检测方法、气体燃料泄漏检测装置及具备该装置的燃气发动机
KR1020137013469A KR20130086050A (ko) 2010-12-24 2011-12-26 기체 연료 누설 검지 방법, 기체 연료 누설 검지 장치 및 이를 구비한 가스 엔진

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010287567A JP2012132418A (ja) 2010-12-24 2010-12-24 ガスエンジンにおける燃料供給弁の異常検知装置および方法
JP2010287569A JP2012132420A (ja) 2010-12-24 2010-12-24 ガスエンジンにおける燃料供給弁の異常検知装置および方法
JP2010-287569 2010-12-24
JP2010287568A JP2012132419A (ja) 2010-12-24 2010-12-24 ガスエンジンにおける燃料供給弁の異常検知装置および方法
JP2010-287567 2010-12-24
JP2010-287568 2010-12-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012086211A1 true WO2012086211A1 (ja) 2012-06-28

Family

ID=46313502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2011/007251 WO2012086211A1 (ja) 2010-12-24 2011-12-26 気体燃料漏洩検知方法、気体燃料漏洩検知装置及びこれを備えるガスエンジン

Country Status (3)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20130086050A (zh)
CN (1) CN103261636A (zh)
WO (1) WO2012086211A1 (zh)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3025837A1 (fr) * 2014-09-16 2016-03-18 Renault Sas Gestion du demarrage d'un moteur a combustion interne a essence a injection indirecte de vehicule automobile.
JP2018084216A (ja) * 2016-11-25 2018-05-31 新潟原動機株式会社 ガス燃料エンジン及びガス燃料エンジンの停止方法
GB2582605A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-09-30 Delphi Tech Ip Ltd Method of detecting a leak in a fuel injector

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2638899C2 (ru) * 2013-03-15 2017-12-18 ФОРД ГЛОУБАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ, ЭлЭлСи Способ опорожнения бака (варианты)
JP6373578B2 (ja) * 2013-12-26 2018-08-15 三菱重工業株式会社 気体燃料供給システム及び気体燃料供給システムの異常検出方法
EP3034851B1 (de) * 2014-12-15 2019-06-05 Innio Jenbacher GmbH & Co OG Brennkraftmaschine
CN105334010A (zh) * 2015-12-10 2016-02-17 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 天然气发动机燃气泄漏的智能检测系统
EP3308008B1 (en) * 2016-06-20 2019-02-13 Wärtsilä Finland Oy A gas valve unit and a method of performing a pressure test to a gas valve unit
DE102016118976A1 (de) * 2016-10-06 2018-04-12 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Verfahren zur Startvorbereitung und vorzugsweise zum nachfolgenden Starten einer als Gasmotor oder Dual-Fuel-Motor ausgebildeten Brennkraftmaschine
CN107448328B (zh) * 2017-07-04 2019-05-10 潍柴西港新能源动力有限公司 燃气发动机喷嘴泄露保护与检测的控制方法
CN107218139B (zh) * 2017-07-21 2020-04-14 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 燃气喷嘴流量特性漂移量的在线检测方法
DE102017130642A1 (de) * 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Verfahren zur Startvorbereitung und vorzugsweise zum nachfolgenden Starten einer als Gasmotor oder Dual-Fuel-Motor ausgebildeten Brennkraftmaschine
CN110778406A (zh) * 2018-07-30 2020-02-11 罗伯特·博世有限公司 预测车辆的燃料注入器故障的方法
CN109798194B (zh) * 2019-02-25 2023-12-29 潍柴西港新能源动力有限公司 低压燃气发电机组进、排气管漏气检测装置及其检测方法
CN110714847A (zh) * 2019-09-29 2020-01-21 潍柴西港新能源动力有限公司 一种天然气发动机供气系统的泄漏检测方法
WO2023219620A1 (en) * 2022-05-12 2023-11-16 Us Hybrid Corporation Fault detection for fuel cell engines using runtime valve control data

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05133282A (ja) * 1991-11-08 1993-05-28 Hitachi Ltd Ｅｇｒ装置
JPH09242614A (ja) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-16 Suzuki Motor Corp 気体燃料の漏れ検出装置
JPH112153A (ja) * 1997-04-16 1999-01-06 Toyota Motor Corp 吸気酸素センサのヒータ制御装置
JP2001032751A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Toyota Motor Corp 気体燃料車の燃料漏検出装置
JP2006118519A (ja) * 2006-01-26 2006-05-11 Denso Corp ガスエンジンの燃料漏れ検出装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100380070B1 (ko) * 2000-10-13 2003-04-11 현대자동차주식회사 배기가스 누설 감지방법
JP4400312B2 (ja) * 2004-06-01 2010-01-20 日産自動車株式会社 蒸発燃料処理装置の故障検出装置
US7438060B2 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-10-21 General Motors Corporation System for detecting purge valve malfunction
KR101003209B1 (ko) * 2008-05-07 2010-12-21 콘티넨탈 오토모티브 시스템 주식회사 바이 퓨얼 차량의 가스 연료 누설 판정 장치 및 방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05133282A (ja) * 1991-11-08 1993-05-28 Hitachi Ltd Ｅｇｒ装置
JPH09242614A (ja) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-16 Suzuki Motor Corp 気体燃料の漏れ検出装置
JPH112153A (ja) * 1997-04-16 1999-01-06 Toyota Motor Corp 吸気酸素センサのヒータ制御装置
JP2001032751A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Toyota Motor Corp 気体燃料車の燃料漏検出装置
JP2006118519A (ja) * 2006-01-26 2006-05-11 Denso Corp ガスエンジンの燃料漏れ検出装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3025837A1 (fr) * 2014-09-16 2016-03-18 Renault Sas Gestion du demarrage d'un moteur a combustion interne a essence a injection indirecte de vehicule automobile.
JP2018084216A (ja) * 2016-11-25 2018-05-31 新潟原動機株式会社 ガス燃料エンジン及びガス燃料エンジンの停止方法
GB2582605A (en) * 2019-03-27 2020-09-30 Delphi Tech Ip Ltd Method of detecting a leak in a fuel injector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103261636A (zh) 2013-08-21
KR20130086050A (ko) 2013-07-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2012086211A1 (ja) 気体燃料漏洩検知方法、気体燃料漏洩検知装置及びこれを備えるガスエンジン
US8429955B2 (en) Method and device for detecting peak values of pressure in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine
EP1040264B1 (en) Method and apparatus for detecting gaseous fuel leakage through a gaseous fuel admission valve within an engine
US20160160776A1 (en) Engine System and Method
EP2915987B1 (en) Evaluating gaseous fuel admission valve operability
US8812219B2 (en) Control apparatus for internal combustion engine
CN104105864A (zh) 燃气发动机的控制装置及方法
US8984933B2 (en) Method and system for control of an internal combustion engine based on engine crank angle
EP2921692B1 (en) Internal combustion engine with starting air system
EP3336335B1 (en) Method of operating a gaseous fuel internal combustion engine
EP2839137A1 (en) Monitoring ignition fuel injection systems of dual fuel engines
US20120324989A1 (en) System and method for diagnosis of engine component condition
KR20140138052A (ko) 가스 또는 이중 연료 엔진의 작동 방법
JP6441291B2 (ja) ガス燃料エンジン及びガス燃料エンジンの停止方法
EP3477081A1 (en) System and method of valve wear detection
EP2513459A1 (en) Diagnostic method for a diesel engine
JP2012132420A (ja) ガスエンジンにおける燃料供給弁の異常検知装置および方法
EP3279453B1 (en) Method for testing an ignition device of an internal combustion engine
JP2012132418A (ja) ガスエンジンにおける燃料供給弁の異常検知装置および方法
JP2012132419A (ja) ガスエンジンにおける燃料供給弁の異常検知装置および方法
EP3336338B1 (en) Misfire detection for an internal combustion engine operating with deactivated cylinders
EP2915984B1 (en) Combustion based gas admission valve evaluating during liquid fuel operation of dual fuel engine
JP2013113117A (ja) 内燃機関の燃焼状態判定装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11851396

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20137013469

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE