WO2012048669A1 - Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012048669A1 WO2012048669A1 PCT/DE2010/001187 DE2010001187W WO2012048669A1 WO 2012048669 A1 WO2012048669 A1 WO 2012048669A1 DE 2010001187 W DE2010001187 W DE 2010001187W WO 2012048669 A1 WO2012048669 A1 WO 2012048669A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- gas
- content
- carburizing
- flow rate
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 propylene, ethylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVFDADFMKQKAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.[N] Chemical compound C.[N] JVFDADFMKQKAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for carburizing and
- Carbonitriding of metallic materials in particular for a rapid and uniform process in atmospheric furnaces in the temperature range from 800 to 1150 ° C using hydrocarbon gases and gases such as nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia.
- the desired C-level control - based solely on the supplied gas mixture and not the analysis of the atmosphere in the furnace - is empirical and not reliable.
- EP 049 530 dealt with a method and a
- DE 19523956 describes a method for carburizing and carbonitriding of steels, in which also the carburizing and carbide layer formation takes place uncontrolled, analogous to EP 0408511.
- the lack of measurement of the C-activity or the C-stream causes a completely uncontrolled carburization in the supercritical phase.
- Adherence to the saturation limit is theoretically (computationally), but practically impossible.
- Carburizing layers are not RO free.
- the applicant has already developed a method and a device according to EP 1 160 349 (see, comparatively in FIG. 1), in which a heating with IM 2 and KW feed quantity control takes place in 4 steps 1, so that the C edge is in the predetermined range, 2. a compensation phase in the predetermined range is, 3. an enrichment and diffusion phase is set to an upper and lower limit of the C-rim by varying the N2-KW rivers and 4. cooling to room temperature. It has been found that the heating in N2 and KW to adjust the low C content only small amounts of reducing
- the outlook for a remote process for case hardening of metallic materials discloses a pulse-like addition of HC, followed by a short break.
- a longer pause interval is inserted, which is 10 to 100 times longer than the pulse / pause cycle of the addition of N-containing gas, the amount of which increases during the HC pulse addition becomes.
- the duration of the interval interval increases with the increasing carburization time.
- the pulse / pause cycles comprise a constant short period of time. Inert gases, such as N 2 and hydrocarbons, in particular propane, are used.
- Air mixture (p 1 10) set forth;
- Aichelin was converted to a new fumigation station with the gases N 2 , H 2 , acetylene and propane for the process of N 2 - methanol and only the gas mixture was changed, all other treatment data remained the same.
- the invention is based on the new object, the procedural
- Carburizing temperature of a hydrocarbon gas preferably natural gas, ethane, propane, propylene, ethylene or acetylene is added, with a flow rate corresponding to a 1- to 10-fold change of the furnace chamber volume per hour until the residual CH 4 content in the oven and / or the C-stream in the Workpiece surface has reached a predetermined value, which ensures a high C transfer rate in the oven, and third step, the HC gas flow and the N 2 , H 2 or NH 3 - split gas flow off and in the furnace atmosphere, at least temporarily completely without gas flow in the Kiln is carburized until the CH 4 content or the C-stream has reached a predetermined second value corresponding to a much lower C-transfer rate, in which phase the furnace pressure is controlled to a predetermined value between 1 and 10 mbar overpressure.
- a hydrocarbon gas preferably natural gas, ethane, propane, propylene, ethylene or acetylene
- steps 2 and 3 calculate the C transfer rate several times using a mathematical model and controlling the edge C content at or near the maximum C saturation limit of the respective metallic alloy of materials are repeated, the fifth step, the C-activity of the furnace atmosphere by
- H 2 or an H2-N 2 gas mixture advantageously ammonia cracked gas
- a C activity essentially defined by the partial pressure ratio of p (CH 4 ) to p (H 2 ) 2 , which corresponds to the desired edge C content of the workpiece is held at the same time possibly necessary redispersion of the KW and / or sixth step, this gas atmosphere, until, according to a mathematical boundary C content model calculation, the desired edge C content and the desired carburization depth have been reached. It is essential that this inventive process control by a C activity, essentially defined by the partial pressure ratio of p (CH 4 ) to p (H 2 ) 2 , which corresponds to the desired edge C content of the workpiece is held at the same time possibly necessary redispersion of the KW and / or sixth step, this gas atmosphere, until, according to a mathematical boundary C content model calculation, the desired edge C content and the desired carburization depth have been reached. It is essential that this inventive process control by a
- the C-current can be detected, for example, by measuring the change in the electrical resistance of an iron wire located in the furnace atmosphere.
- it may also be useful to measure the amount of soot in the furnace with the aid of a corresponding soot sensor for improved process reliability.
- uncleaved ammonia is added to the process gas in an amount corresponding to a flow rate between 1 and 20% of the flow rate of the N 2 -H 2 mixture in the fifth and / or sixth process step.
- a device is used, the first means for detecting and controlling the flow rate of the respective gas mixture according to the structural
- second carburizing temperature detecting means c) third means for measuring the residual CH 4 content.
- D) fourth means for measuring the H 2 content e) Fifth means for C current measurement f) sixth means for furnace pressure measurementAregelung g) seventh means for detecting the amount of soot h) eighth means for closing the furnace exhaust gas i) ninth means for controlling the carburization process comprises, which means with a control / regulation for process control
- FIG. 1 is a graph of the carburizing process according to the prior art according to EP 1160349
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the carburizing process on a
- Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a block diagram of
- Fig. 1 shows the continuously flowing gas quantities of acetylene, nitrogen and hydrogen and the more or less empirically made temporal variations of these gas flow rates for adjusting various marginal C contents.
- Fig. 2 shows the scheme of the process, according to the method of the invention, the supply of constant amounts of gas within the individual process steps and the temporary interruption of the gas flow in the furnace and the use of gas analysis (CH 4 and H 2 ) and the pressure control for the Control of carburizing.
- CH 4 and H 2 gas analysis
- Process step 1 heating the batch in the heating chamber of the chamber furnace under rinsing the
- Chamber with a hydrogen-nitrogen gas mixture eg 75% H 2 and 25% N 2 , with a flow rate of 15 Nm 3 / h.
- Process step 2 After reaching the carburizing temperature of 930 ° C, feed natural gas into the furnace at a flow rate of 4 Nm 3 / h, until the concentration of methane in the furnace has risen to 6% by volume.
- Process step 3 stopping the natural gas flow and closing the burn-off valve, ie carburizing substantially in "stationary" gas, the furnace pressure being maintained between 2 and 5 mbar by a temporary addition of H 2 / N 2 gas the methane content in the furnace has dropped to 0.5%.
- Process Step 4 Stop the natural gas flow and closing the burn-off valve, ie carburizing substantially in "stationary" gas, the furnace pressure being maintained between 2 and 5 mbar by a temporary addition of H 2 / N 2 gas the methane content in the furnace has dropped to 0.5%.
- Hydrogen p (H 2 ) has fallen to the value of 0.75.
- a program for controlling / regulating the process control is integrated into the device for the atmospheric oven, which program is designed according to the Method steps 1 to 3 of FIG. 2, the parameters for receiving, regulating and output of at least one of the criteria, such as a) ratio or the flow rate of the
- the atmosphere furnace is assigned the configuration of a device according to FIG. 3, which essentially comprises: a) first means for detecting and controlling the flow rate of the gas mixture in question according to the structural dimensions, b) second means for recording the carburizing temperature, c) third means for measuring the residual CH 4 content d) fourth means for measuring the H 2 content e) Fifth means for C current measurement f) sixth means for furnace pressure measurement g) seventh means for detecting the amount of soot h) eighth means for closing the furnace exhaust gas i) ninth means for controlling the carburization process which means with the control / regulation for process control are functionally linked according to the parameters of the program.
- the process and device according to the invention execution provides the furnace operator in the heat treatment of metallic workpieces an efficient edge oxidation free (RO-free) carburizing with precise adjustment of the edge C content and the carburizing ungestiefe ready, wherein the carburizing
- H3diss dissociated ammonia
- N 2 nitrogen gas
- T 2 temperature of the diffusion process (before quenching)
- V H2 volumetric flow H 2 (m 3 / h)
- H2 / N2 volume flow H 2 / N 2 mixture (m 3 / h)
- V2 H2 volume flow C 2 / H 2 mixture (m 3 / h)
- V N 2 volume flow N 2 (m 3 / h)
- VNH3 volume flow NH 3 (m 3 / h)
- V «w volumetric flow of a hydrocarbon gas (m 3 / h)
- CCH 4 concentration of methane in the furnace atmosphere (vol%)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2010/001187 WO2012048669A1 (de) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen |
EP10793142.0A EP2627795A1 (de) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen |
DE112010005929.2T DE112010005929A5 (de) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Aufkohlen und Carbonitrieren von metallischen Werkstoffen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2010/001187 WO2012048669A1 (de) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012048669A1 true WO2012048669A1 (de) | 2012-04-19 |
Family
ID=44129032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2010/001187 WO2012048669A1 (de) | 2010-10-11 | 2010-10-11 | Verfahren und einrichtung zum aufkohlen und carbonitrieren von metallischen werkstoffen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2627795A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112010005929A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012048669A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014016251A3 (de) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-05-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung mindestens eines bauteils und steuer- und/oder regeleinrichtung |
EP3168314A1 (de) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-17 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung metallischer werkstücke |
CN115016573A (zh) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-06 | 石家庄德堃电子科技有限公司 | 一种碳势控制方法、系统及装置 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
PL2881492T3 (pl) | 2013-12-06 | 2017-10-31 | Hubert Stueken Gmbh & Co Kg | Sposób nawęglania wyrobu głęboko tłoczonego lub giętnego wyrobu wykrawanego z austenitycznej, nierdzewnej stali szlachetnej |
EP2881493B1 (de) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-08-24 | Hubert Stüken GMBH & CO. KG | Verfahren zur Nitrocarburierung eines Tiefziehartikels oder eines Stanzbiegeartikels aus austenitischem nichtrostendem Edelstahl |
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US4049472A (en) | 1975-12-22 | 1977-09-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals |
EP0049530A1 (de) | 1980-10-08 | 1982-04-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen metallischer Werkstücke |
EP0080124A2 (de) | 1981-11-20 | 1983-06-01 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Einsatzhärten metallischer Werkstücke |
EP0408511A1 (de) | 1989-07-13 | 1991-01-16 | Solo Fours Industriels Sa | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen oder thermochemischen Behandlung von Stahl |
DE19523956A1 (de) | 1994-07-07 | 1996-01-11 | Solo Fours Ind Sa | Verfahren zur Karburierungs- oder Karbonitrierungsbehandlung von Stählen |
FR2777911A1 (fr) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-10-29 | Aubert & Duval Sa | Procede de carbonitruration a basse pression de pieces en alliage metallique |
EP1160349A1 (de) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-05 | Ipsen International GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke |
FR2884523A1 (fr) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-20 | Const Mecaniques Sa Et | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
-
2010
- 2010-10-11 EP EP10793142.0A patent/EP2627795A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-11 DE DE112010005929.2T patent/DE112010005929A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-10-11 WO PCT/DE2010/001187 patent/WO2012048669A1/de active Application Filing
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US4049472A (en) | 1975-12-22 | 1977-09-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals |
EP0049530A1 (de) | 1980-10-08 | 1982-04-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen metallischer Werkstücke |
EP0080124A2 (de) | 1981-11-20 | 1983-06-01 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Einsatzhärten metallischer Werkstücke |
EP0408511A1 (de) | 1989-07-13 | 1991-01-16 | Solo Fours Industriels Sa | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen oder thermochemischen Behandlung von Stahl |
DE19523956A1 (de) | 1994-07-07 | 1996-01-11 | Solo Fours Ind Sa | Verfahren zur Karburierungs- oder Karbonitrierungsbehandlung von Stählen |
FR2777911A1 (fr) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-10-29 | Aubert & Duval Sa | Procede de carbonitruration a basse pression de pieces en alliage metallique |
EP1160349A1 (de) | 2000-05-24 | 2001-12-05 | Ipsen International GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke |
FR2884523A1 (fr) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-10-20 | Const Mecaniques Sa Et | Procede et four de carbonitruration a basse pression |
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F. NESTOR ET AL.: "Carburization of a high manganese, low carbon steel by methane - nitrogen gas mixtures", J. HEAT TREATING, vol. 1, no. 1, 1979, pages 58 - 63 |
J. WÜNNING ET AL.: "Gesteuerte Aufkohlung in CO-freien Atmosphären", HTM, vol. 31, no. 3, 1976, pages 132 - 137 |
W. GÖHRING, HEISS IN DEN OFENRAUM EINGEFÜHRTE GASGEMISCHE ALS ATMOSPHÄRE BEI DER WÄRMEBEHANDLUNG VON STAHL, vol. 30, no. 2, 1975, pages 107 - 111 |
Cited By (5)
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WO2014016251A3 (de) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-05-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung mindestens eines bauteils und steuer- und/oder regeleinrichtung |
JP2015528061A (ja) * | 2012-07-24 | 2015-09-24 | ローベルト ボッシュ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 少なくとも1つの構成部分を製造するための方法、並びに開ループ制御および/または閉ループ制御装置 |
EP3168314A1 (de) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-17 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung metallischer werkstücke |
CN115016573A (zh) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-06 | 石家庄德堃电子科技有限公司 | 一种碳势控制方法、系统及装置 |
CN115016573B (zh) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-05-03 | 石家庄德堃电子科技有限公司 | 一种碳势控制方法、系统及装置 |
Also Published As
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DE112010005929A5 (de) | 2014-01-02 |
EP2627795A1 (de) | 2013-08-21 |
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