WO2012043568A1 - 水硬性結合剤用急結剤、及び、水硬性結合剤の急速硬化方法 - Google Patents
水硬性結合剤用急結剤、及び、水硬性結合剤の急速硬化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012043568A1 WO2012043568A1 PCT/JP2011/072088 JP2011072088W WO2012043568A1 WO 2012043568 A1 WO2012043568 A1 WO 2012043568A1 JP 2011072088 W JP2011072088 W JP 2011072088W WO 2012043568 A1 WO2012043568 A1 WO 2012043568A1
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- hydrate
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- aluminum sulfate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
- C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
- C04B2111/1025—Alkali-free or very low alkali-content materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/10—Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
- C04B2111/1062—Halogen free or very low halogen-content materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rapid setting agent used for rapidly curing hydraulic binders such as cement, concrete, mortar and mixtures thereof, and to a rapid curing method for hydraulic binders.
- cement, aggregate, water, etc. are usually mixed in a concrete production device to prepare sprayed concrete, transport the sprayed concrete to the spraying site with a mixer truck, etc., and transport the sprayed concrete to the sprayer by air.
- a powdery quick setting agent is mixed in between, and quick setting sprayed concrete is sprayed to a predetermined place with a spraying machine.
- Quick setting sprayed concrete has a short setting time, so the working time can be shortened.
- the conventional quick setting agent has an aluminate compound as a main component and is strongly alkaline. Therefore, there is a risk of adversely affecting the operator's skin, respiratory organs, eyes, etc. during the spraying operation. Moreover, there is a possibility that the alkaline components may be eluted after the quick setting concrete is hardened to contaminate the surrounding environment.
- the curing time may be relatively long even when sprayed with quick setting concrete, and the required strength may not be obtained in a short time.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, is easy to construct, has low dust generation and non-alkalinity, and in the conventional quick setting concrete
- An object of the present invention is to provide a quick setting system that can exhibit good curability even under difficult conditions.
- the purpose of the present invention is to (1) Aluminum sulfate or its hydrate, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and hydraulic properties including water Liquid quick setting agent for binder, or (2) (A) Aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and water. And (B) a quick setting agent for a hydraulic binder comprising a combination of powdery aluminum sulfate or a non-slurry quick setting aid containing a hydrate thereof.
- the "quick setting agent" in the (2) hydraulic binder quick setting agent is not only a single composition containing (A) a liquid quick setting agent and (B) a quick setting aid, It also means a “kit” or “system” consisting of a combination of A) a liquid quick setting agent and (B) a quick setting aid.
- the organic acid is preferably a monocarboxylic acid.
- the monocarboxylic acid is preferably formic acid or acetic acid.
- the pH of the (A) liquid accelerator is preferably less than 7.
- the alkaline earth metal is preferably magnesium.
- the alkali metal ion content contained in the rapid setting agent of the present invention is preferably less than 1 mass (weight)%.
- the halide ion content contained in the quick setting agent of the present invention is preferably less than 0.1 mass (weight)%.
- the (1) hydraulic binder for hydraulic binder or the (A) liquid accelerator is 30-50 mass (wt)% aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, 5-15 mass (wt)% It preferably contains aluminum oxide or hydroxide, 5 to 15% by weight (organic) organic acid, and 1 to 10% (by weight) alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide.
- the (B) non-slurry rapid setting aid is preferably in powder form.
- the (B) non-slurry rapid setting aid preferably comprises only powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof.
- the present invention (A) Water containing aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and water For liquid binders for hard binders, (B) It also relates to a non-slurry rapid setting aid containing powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof.
- the present invention provides (A) aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and water. And (B) a non-slurry rapid setting aid containing powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof, and the mixture is added to the hydraulic binder and rapidly hardening the hydraulic binder Also related.
- the present invention also provides (A) aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and Liquid curing agent containing water; and (B) non-slurry rapid curing aid containing powdered aluminum sulfate or its hydrate is separately added to the hydraulic binder, and the hydraulic binder is rapidly cured. Also related to the method.
- this invention relates also to the civil engineering structure containing the hydraulic binder hardened
- the (1) hydraulic binder for a hydraulic binder of the present invention is a liquid
- the (2) hydraulic binder for a hydraulic binder uses (A) a liquid accelerator, so that the powder Compared with the case of using only the quick setting agent, it is excellent in usability and easy to construct.
- the (2) quick setting agent for hydraulic binder is low in dust generation because the mixture of (A) liquid quick setting agent and (B) quick setting aid is liquid as a whole.
- the hydraulic binder containing the quick setting agent of the present invention is excellent in adhesion, there is little rebound, and the amount of rebound (the ratio of the hydraulic binder that does not adhere to the target and falls) is reduced. Can do.
- the quick setting agent of the present invention is not alkaline, it has little adverse effect on the human body and can improve the working environment. In addition, there is no risk of leakage of alkali components into the surrounding environment.
- the rapid setting agent of the present invention contains almost no alkali metal ions, it is possible to suppress the alkali aggregate reaction in the hydraulic binder. Moreover, when the quick setting agent of the present invention contains almost no halide ions, corrosion of reinforcing bars and steel materials in the hydraulic binder can be suppressed.
- the quick setting agent of the present invention can impart good curability to the hydraulic binder even under conditions difficult with conventional quick setting agents, and a cured product having excellent strength can be obtained. For example, even when the temperature of the hydraulic binder is low or when spring water is present, the hydraulic binder can be cured in a short time to obtain the required strength.
- the (B) quick setting aid can increase the performance of the (A) liquid quick setting agent.
- the rapid curing method of the present invention uses (A) a liquid quick-setting agent, it is superior in usability compared to the case of using only a powdery quick-setting agent and is easy to construct. Moreover, since the mixture of (A) liquid quick setting agent and (B) quick setting auxiliary agent is liquid as a whole, its dusting property is low. And since the hydraulic binder which mix
- the rapid curing method of the present invention uses non-alkaline (A) liquid quick-setting agent and (B) quick-setting aid, there is little adverse effect on the human body and the working environment can be improved. it can. Moreover, there is no fear that the alkaline component leaks from the cured hydraulic binder to the surrounding environment.
- the rapid curing method of the present invention can cure the hydraulic binder satisfactorily even under conditions that are conventionally difficult to construct. For example, even when the temperature of the hydraulic binder is low or when spring water is present, the hydraulic binder can be cured in a short time to obtain the required strength.
- the present inventors have (1) Aluminum sulfate or its hydrate, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and hydraulic properties including water Liquid quick setting agent for binder, or (2) (A) Aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and water. Liquid binder containing; and (B) curing the hydraulic binder using a hydraulic binder quick-set comprising a combination of powdered aluminum sulfate or a non-slurry quick-set aid containing its hydrate.
- the hydraulic binder can be cured in a short time and can provide sufficient strength. This combination is alkali-free and does not have the disadvantages found with conventional alkaline accelerators. Moreover, in the (2) hydraulic binder quick-setting agent, the combination of the component (A) and the component (B) is liquid, and there is no inconvenience seen in conventional powder-type quick setting agents.
- the hydraulic binder in the present invention means a binder that can be cured by the action of water.
- examples thereof include mortar and concrete in addition to cement and gypsum.
- cement various portland cements such as normal, early strength, super early strength, moderate heat, low heat, blast furnace cement in which fine powder of blast furnace slag is mixed with portland cement, fly ash cement in which fly ash is mixed with portland cement, etc.
- portland cement such as normal, early strength, super early strength, moderate heat, low heat, blast furnace cement in which fine powder of blast furnace slag is mixed with portland cement, fly ash cement in which fly ash is mixed with portland cement, etc.
- mortar is obtained by mixing cement and fine aggregates such as water and sand
- concrete is obtained by mixing cement, coarse aggregates such as water, fine aggregate and gravel.
- One hydraulic binder may be used, or two or more hydraulic binders may be used in combination.
- the fine aggregate natural sand, quartz sand, lime sand and the like can be used.
- the fine aggregate preferably has a maximum particle size of 2.5 mm or less. If it exceeds 2.5 mm, there is a risk that the rebound during spraying will increase.
- the coarse aggregate river gravel, mountain gravel, lime gravel or the like can be used.
- the coarse aggregate preferably has a maximum particle size of 15 mm or less. If it exceeds 15 mm, the rebound at the time of spraying may increase. Therefore, the maximum particle size of the coarse aggregate is preferably 8 to 15 mm.
- the amount of water is preferably 60 parts by weight or less, and preferably 50 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight (weight) of cement, More preferred is 45 parts by weight or less, still more preferred is 42 parts by weight or less, and particularly preferred is 40 parts by weight or less.
- the concrete temperature is preferably 15 ° C or higher, more preferably 20 ° C or higher, and even more preferably 25 ° C or higher.
- the (B) rapid setting aid described later even relatively low-temperature concrete can be cured well.
- a water reducing agent may be added to the hydraulic binder in order to improve the fluidity of the hydraulic binder.
- the water reducing agent may be either liquid or powder, but is preferably liquid from the viewpoint of workability.
- Examples of water reducing agents include lignin sulfonic acid or derivatives thereof, and high performance water reducing agents.
- One type of water reducing agent may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- a high-performance water reducing agent is preferable in terms of imparting fluidity.
- the high-performance water reducing agent examples include, for example, polyol derivatives such as polyethylene glycol, aromatic sulfonic acid type high-performance water reducing agents such as aromatic sulfonic acid such as naphthalenesulfonic acid and / or aromatic sulfonic acid formalin condensate, and polycarboxylic acid.
- polyol derivatives such as polyethylene glycol
- aromatic sulfonic acid type high-performance water reducing agents such as aromatic sulfonic acid such as naphthalenesulfonic acid and / or aromatic sulfonic acid formalin condensate
- polycarboxylic acid -Based high-performance water reducing agent, melamine-based high-performance water reducing agent, and mixtures thereof.
- a polycarboxylic acid type high performance water reducing agent is preferable.
- the amount of water reducing agent used is not particularly limited.
- 0.01 to 5 mass (weight) parts per 100 mass (weight) parts of cement is used.
- 0.1 to 3 parts by mass (weight) is more preferable. If it is less than 0.01 mass (weight) part, there exists a possibility that a fluid improvement effect may become small, and when it exceeds 5 mass (weight) part, there exists a possibility that a hydraulic binder may isolate
- the concrete slump value is preferably 20 ⁇ 5 cm, more preferably 20 ⁇ 3 cm.
- the quick setting agent of the present invention is (1) Aluminum sulfate or its hydrate, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, and hydraulic properties including water A liquid accelerating agent for a binder, or (2) Aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, oxide or hydroxide of aluminum, at least one organic acid, oxide or hydroxide of at least one alkaline earth metal, and water (A ) A quick-setting agent for a hydraulic binder containing a liquid quick-setting agent as a main component.
- the oxide or hydroxide of aluminum is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ).
- Aluminum hydroxide is preferred.
- Amorphous aluminum hydroxide can be advantageously used as aluminum hydroxide.
- Aluminum hydroxide can also be used in the form of hydroxy aluminum carbonate, hydroxy aluminum sulfate or the like.
- the organic acid is not particularly limited, but carboxylic acid is preferable.
- Carboxylic acids include monocarboxylic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and propionic acid; dicarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid and phthalic acid; trimellitic acid And the like, and monocarboxylic acid is more preferable.
- the monocarboxylic acid formic acid or acetic acid is preferred.
- the organic acid may be in the form of a salt. One organic acid may be used, or two or more organic acids may be used in combination.
- the pH of the quick setting agent of the present invention is preferably less than 7, more preferably 6 or less, still more preferably 5 or less, still more preferably 4 or less, and particularly preferably 3 or less.
- an acidic quick-setting agent it is possible to avoid adverse effects on the human body derived from conventional alkaline quick-start agents.
- the alkaline earth metal in the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide is not limited, but is preferably magnesium.
- the oxide of magnesium is not particularly limited, but may include magnesium oxide (MgO).
- the hydroxide of magnesium is not particularly limited, but may be magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2 ). Alkali earth metal oxides or hydroxides may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the curing properties of the hydraulic binder can be improved by the presence of the alkaline earth metal hydroxide or the hydroxide itself. That is, the alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide reacts with the organic acid to increase the temperature of the rapid setting agent, and consequently, the temperature of the hydraulic binder. Thereby, hardening of a hydraulic binder can be accelerated
- the rapid setting agent of the present invention preferably has an alkali metal ion content of less than 1 mass (weight)%. This means that there is almost no source of alkali metal in the quenching agent.
- alkali metal sources include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium oxides, peroxides, hydroxides, nitrates, phosphates, sulfates, carbonates, oxalates, and silicas. Examples include acid salts. It is preferable that the content of sodium ions and potassium ions is less than 1% by mass (weight). Thereby, the quick setting agent of the present invention can avoid an undesirable alkali aggregate reaction.
- the quick setting agent of the present invention preferably has a halide ion content of less than 0.1 mass (weight)%. This means that there is almost no source of halide ions in the quenching agent.
- the source of halide ions include metal fluorides, chlorides, bromides and iodides, and metal fluorides, hydrochlorides, bromates, iodates, and the like.
- the chloride ion content is preferably less than 0.1 mass (weight)%.
- the (1) hydraulic binder for hydraulic binder or the (A) liquid accelerator is 30-50 mass (wt)% aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, 5-15 mass (wt)% It preferably contains aluminum oxide or hydroxide, 5 to 15% by weight (organic) organic acid, and 1 to 10% (by weight) alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide. 30 to 45% (by weight) aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, 5 to 12% (by weight) aluminum oxide or hydroxide, 5 to 12% (by weight) organic acid, and 1 More preferably, it contains ⁇ 4 mass (weight)% of an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide.
- the quick setting agent of the present invention contains water in addition to the above components. The amount of water is preferably 10 to 27 mass (weight)% of the quick setting agent.
- the molar ratio of the aluminum element to the organic acid in the quick setting agent is preferably less than 0.65, more preferably less than 0.38 to 0.65, still more preferably 0.38 to 0.60, 0.50 to 0.60 is particularly preferable. Further, the content of aluminum element in the quick setting agent is preferably less than 14 mass (weight)%, more preferably less than 13 mass (weight)%, and more preferably less than 12 mass (weight)% in terms of Al 2 O 3. Is more preferable.
- the quick setting agent of the present invention can optionally contain other components.
- optional components include hydroxy monocarboxylic acids such as lactic acid, hydroxybutyric acid, salicylic acid and gluconic acid or salts thereof; amino acids such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid or salts thereof; alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine and diethanolamine; And chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetate.
- the amount of the optional component is not limited, but may be 0.01 to 5 mass (weight)%, preferably 0.1 to 1 mass (weight)% of the rapid setting agent.
- the rapid setting agent of the present invention can be used in the range of 0.001 to 10 mass (weight) parts with respect to 100 mass (weight) parts of the hydraulic binder, and 0.01 to 5 mass (weight) parts. It is preferably 0.01 to 1 mass (weight) part.
- the hydraulic binder is concrete, 3 to 10 parts by weight (preferably 5 to 9 parts by weight) is preferable with respect to 100 parts by weight (weight) of cement contained in the hydraulic binder.
- Preferably, 7-8 mass (weight) parts are even more preferred.
- the strength enhancement of a hydraulic binder from about immediately after the rapid setting agent is mixed and sprayed to the hydraulic binder for about 4 hours is mainly due to the rapid setting action by ettringite formation. Thereafter, the strength rapidly increases due to the hydration action of the hydraulic binder, particularly cement. Therefore, the performance of the quick setting agent is represented by the sum of these two types of strength expression. Since the quick setting agent used in the present invention can shorten the start time of the hydration reaction, the hydration reaction of the hydraulic binder is started from about 3 hours after spraying, and the initial strength is reduced for a relatively short time. Can be improved. Therefore, the quick setting agent of the present invention is excellent in the strength expression of the hydraulic binder for 3 to 24 hours, particularly 4 to 6 hours after the start of use.
- the (2) hydraulic binder quick setting agent of the present invention uses (B) a non-slurry quick setting aid containing powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof as an auxiliary component.
- the quick setting aid increases the quick setting action of the (A) liquid quick setting agent. Therefore, the hydraulic binder can be cured in a short time by using (A) the liquid setting agent in combination with (B) the quick setting aid.
- the quick setting aid can greatly contribute to the improvement of the initial strength until about 1 hour after the start of use. Therefore, for example, even when the temperature of the hydraulic binder is low or when spring water is present, the hydraulic binder can be cured in a short time to obtain the required strength.
- an aspect of the present invention is that (A) aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof, an oxide or hydroxide of aluminum, at least one organic acid, an oxide of at least one alkaline earth metal, or hydroxide And (B) a non-slurry rapid setting aid containing powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof for use in liquid quick setting agents for hydraulic binders.
- the quick setting aid is non-slurry and is preferably in powder form.
- the quick setting aid is composed only of powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof.
- Aluminum sulfate or its hydrate is also contained in (A) the liquid accelerator, but (A) aluminum sulfate or its hydrate contained in the liquid accelerator is dissolved or dispersed.
- the aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof in (B) the quick setting aid is in a non-dissolved form or a non-slurry form, preferably in a powder form.
- the quick setting aid can be used in the range of 0.0001 to 5 mass (weight) parts with respect to 100 mass (weight) parts of the hydraulic binder, and 0.001 to 3 mass (weight). Part is preferable, and 0.01 to 1 mass (weight) part is more preferable.
- the hydraulic binder is concrete, the amount is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 mass (weight) parts with respect to 100 mass (weight) parts of cement contained in the hydraulic binder, and 1.0 to 4. 0 mass (weight) part is more preferred, and 1.5 to 3.0 mass (weight) part is even more preferred.
- (Rapid curing method) In one embodiment of the present invention, (A) aluminum sulfate or hydrate thereof, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, at least one organic acid, at least one alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide, And a liquid quick setting agent containing water; and (B) a non-slurry quick setting aid containing powdered aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof is mixed and added to the hydraulic binder. The agent is rapidly cured.
- the mixture of (A) liquid quick setting agent and (B) quick setting aid is liquid as a whole, and preferably (B) the quick setting aid is dissolved or dispersed in (A) liquid quick setting agent. Solution or dispersion.
- the agent is rapidly cured.
- the hydraulic binder can be cured in a short period of time to achieve the required strength even under conditions where it is difficult to construct in the past, such as when the temperature of the hydraulic binder is low or when there is spring water. Can be obtained.
- the (A) liquid quick setting agent and the (B) quick setting aid those described above can be used.
- the present invention also relates to hydraulic binders cured by these methods, as well as civil engineering structures containing the cured hydraulic binders.
- the civil engineering building is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a house, a building, a road, a tunnel, a bridge, a breakwater, and a dike.
- (Liquid) rapid setting agent for hydraulic binder, quick setting aid, and rapid curing method of the present invention are spray concrete in tunnels and underground structures, spray concrete as lining in tunnels, and slope protection and foundation It can be used for spray mortar or spray concrete.
- a sprayed concrete was prepared by mixing and kneading 0.7 parts by mass (weight) of a high-performance water reducing agent (manufactured by Nippon Seika Co., Ltd.). The concrete temperature was adjusted to 21.5 ° C.
- Reference Examples 1 and 2 containing the liquid quick setting agent have excellent early strength development performance.
- Reference Example 2 containing more liquid quencher than Reference Example 1 is about 30% larger than Reference Example 1. Intensity was shown.
- Example 1 The shotcrete 2 is blended with 6 parts by weight of the liquid quick setting agent and 1.5 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of Portland cement in the concrete. And kneaded.
- Example 2 The shotcrete 2 is blended with 6 parts by weight of the liquid quick-setting agent and 3.0 parts by weight (weight) of aluminum sulfate powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of Portland cement in the concrete. And kneaded.
- Example 1 and Example 2 in which aluminum sulfate powder is blended have particularly excellent early strength development performance with respect to Reference Example 3 in which aluminum sulfate powder is not used. Specifically, with respect to the strength of the shotcrete within 1 hour from the start of curing, Examples 1 and 2 show a 30 to 80% increase over Reference Example 3.
- Example 2 in which the aluminum sulfate powder was used twice as much as Example 1 showed greater strength than Example 1.
- Example 4 As is apparent from Table 4, in the combination with magnesium hydroxide, the compressive strength after 6 hours is significantly increased in Example 4 where the amount of aluminum sulfate is large. In Example 4 (contains magnesium hydroxide + amount of aluminum sulfate is 3 mass (weight)% greater) and Comparative Example 2 (contains no magnesium hydroxide + amount of aluminum sulfate is 3 mass (weight)% greater) The compressive strength after 6 hours is about 1.2 times that of the latter.
- Example 3 when sulfuric acid was used instead of formic acid, as apparent from the comparison between Example 3 and Comparative Example 3, a significant decrease in compressive strength was observed at the initial stage (after 4 hours and after 6 hours). .
- the increase in compressive strength after 24 hours is due to the increase in sulfate due to the addition of sulfuric acid, and is not surprising.
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Abstract
Description
(1)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む水硬性結合剤用液体急結剤、或いは、
(2)(A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む液体急結剤;並びに
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
の組み合わせからなる水硬性結合剤用急結剤
によって達成される。
(A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む、水硬性結合剤用液体急結剤用の、
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤にも関する。
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
を混合して水硬性結合剤に添加する、水硬性結合剤の急速硬化方法にも関する。
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
を別個に水硬性結合剤に添加する、水硬性結合剤の急速硬化方法にも関する。
(1)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む水硬性結合剤用液体急結剤、或いは、
(2)(A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む液体急結剤;並びに
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
の組み合わせからなる水硬性結合剤用急結剤を用いて水硬性結合剤を硬化させることによって、水硬性結合剤を短時間に硬化可能であり、且つ、十分な強度を提供可能であることを見出した。この組み合わせはアルカリフリーであり、従来のアルカリ性急結剤に見られる不都合を有さない。また、前記(2)水硬性結合剤用急結剤において、(A)成分と(B)成分の組み合わせは液状であり、従来の粉体状急結剤に見られる不都合がない。
本発明における水硬性結合剤は水の作用によって硬化可能なバインダーを意味しており、例えば、セメント、石膏等の他に、モルタル、コンクリート等が挙げられる。セメントとしては、普通、早強、超早強、中庸熱、低熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、並びに、ポルトランドセメントに高炉スラグ微粉末を混合した高炉セメント、ポルトランドセメントにフライアッシュを混合したフライアッシュセメント等を使用することができる。通常、モルタルはセメントに水と砂等の細骨材を混合して得られ、また、コンクリートはセメントに水、細骨材及び砂利等の粗骨材を混合して得られる。水硬性結合剤は1種類であっても、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の急結剤は、
(1)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む水硬性結合剤用液体急結剤であるか、或いは、
(2)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む(A)液体急結剤を主成分として含む水硬性結合剤用急結剤である。
本発明の前記(2)水硬性結合剤用急結剤は、(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤を副成分として使用する。(B)急結補助剤は(A)液体急結剤の急結作用を増大する。したがって、(A)液体急結剤に(B)急結補助剤を組み合わせて使用することにより、水硬性結合剤を短時間で硬化させることができる。特に、(B)急結補助剤は、使用開始後約1時間程度までの初期強度向上に大きく寄与することができる。したがって、例えば、水硬性結合剤の温度が低い場合や湧水が存在する場合でも、水硬性結合剤を短時間で硬化させて、必要な強度を得ることができる。
本発明のある態様では、(A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む液体急結剤;並びに、(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤を混合して水硬性結合剤に添加することによって水硬性結合剤を急速硬化させる。(A)液体急結剤、及び、(B)急結補助剤の混合物は、全体として液状であり、好ましくは、(A)液体急結剤中に(B)急結補助剤が溶解又は分散した溶液又は分散液である。
ポルトランドセメント100質量(重量)部に対して、水46質量(重量)部、細骨材226質量(重量)部、粗骨材155質量(重量)部、フライアッシュ14質量(重量)部、及び、高性能減水剤(日本シーカ(株)製)1.3質量(重量)部を混合・混練し、吹付コンクリートを調製した。なお、コンクリート温度は26.5℃に調整した。
ポルトランドセメント100質量(重量)部に対して、水44質量(重量)部、細骨材221質量(重量)部、粗骨材165質量(重量)部、フライアッシュ14質量(重量)部及び、高性能減水剤(日本シーカ(株)製)0.7質量(重量)部を混合・混練し、吹付コンクリートを調製した。なお、コンクリート温度は21.5℃に調整した。
水26.60質量(重量)%、水酸化マグネシウム3.70質量(重量)%、蟻酸(85%)12.50質量(重量)%、水酸化アルミニウム(17%Al2O3)12.00質量(重量)%、硫酸アルミニウム45.00質量(重量)%、グルコン酸ナトリウム0.20質量(重量)%を混合し、液体急結剤を調製した。
吹付コンクリート1に、当該コンクリート中のポルトランドセメント分量100質量(重量)部に対して6質量(重量)部の前記液体急結剤を配合して混練した。
吹付コンクリート1に、当該コンクリート中のポルトランドセメント分量100質量(重量)部に対して8質量(重量)部の前記液体急結剤を配合して混練した。
参考例1及び参考例2の吹付コンクリートの圧縮強度変化を経時的に測定した。具体的には、前記液体急結剤の混練完了後の吹付コンクリート1についてAFG1000に基づき超初期強度試験を吹付後5分、10分、20分、30分、40分、60分について実施し、圧縮強度(N/mm2)を測定した。結果を表1及び図1に示す。
吹付コンクリート2に、当該コンクリート中のポルトランドセメント分量100質量(重量)部に対して6質量(重量)部の前記液体急結剤、及び、1.5質量(重量)部の硫酸アルミニウム粉末を配合して混練した。
吹付コンクリート2に、当該コンクリート中のポルトランドセメント分量100質量(重量)部に対して6質量(重量)部の前記液体急結剤、及び、3.0質量(重量)部の硫酸アルミニウム粉末を配合して混練した。
吹付コンクリート2に、当該コンクリート中のポルトランドセメント分量100質量(重量)部に対して6質量(重量)部の前記液体急結剤を配合して混練した。
実施例1、実施例2及び参考例3の吹付コンクリートの圧縮強度変化を経時的に測定した。具体的には、実施例1及び実施例2については前記液体急結剤及び硫酸アルミニウム粉末、並びに、参考例3については前記液体急結剤の混練完了後の吹付コンクリート2についてAFG1000に基づき超初期強度試験を吹付後10分、20分、30分、40分、60分について実施し、圧縮強度(N/mm2)を測定した。結果を表2及び図2に示す。
下記の組成を有する急結剤を調製した。表3中の数値は質量(重量)%を表す。具体的には、非加熱状態の水を用意し、これに、水酸化マグネシウムを含む例では水酸化マグネシウムを添加してスラリー化し、ギ酸又は硫酸を添加した。これにより、混合物の温度は大きく上昇した。次に、水酸化アルミニウム及び硫酸アルミニウムを添加した。そして、反応が終了して混合物の温度が約40℃に低下するまで混合物を約1時間撹拌した。このようにして、分散微粒子を含む各実施例及び比較例の組成物を得た。実施例4、比較例2及び比較例4は、実施例3、比較例1及び比較例3に較べて、それぞれ、硫酸アルミニウムの量が3質量(重量)%多い。
Claims (17)
- 硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む水硬性結合剤用液体急結剤。
- 前記有機酸がモノカルボン酸である、請求項1記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- 前記モノカルボン酸が蟻酸又は酢酸である、請求項2記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- pHが7未満である、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- 前記アルカリ土類金属がマグネシウムである、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- 30~50質量%の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、5~15質量%のアルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、5~15質量%の有機酸、及び、1~10質量%のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物を含む、請求項1記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- (A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む液体急結剤;並びに
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
の組み合わせからなる水硬性結合剤用急結剤。 - 前記(A)液体急結剤が、30~50質量%の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、5~15質量%のアルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、5~15質量%の有機酸、及び、1~10質量%のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物を含む、請求項7記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- 前記(B)非スラリー状急結補助剤が粉末状である、請求項7又は8記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- 前記(B)非スラリー状急結補助剤が粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物のみからなる、請求項7乃至9のいずれかに記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- アルカリ金属イオン含有量が1質量%未満である、請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- ハロゲン化物イオン含有量が0.1質量%未満である、請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の水硬性結合剤用急結剤。
- (A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む、水硬性結合剤用液体急結剤用の、
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤。 - (A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む液体急結剤;並びに
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
を混合して水硬性結合剤に添加する、水硬性結合剤の急速硬化方法。 - (A)硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物、アルミニウムの酸化物又は水酸化物、少なくとも1種の有機酸、少なくとも1種のアルカリ土類金属の酸化物又は水酸化物、及び、水を含む液体急結剤;並びに
(B)粉末状の硫酸アルミニウム又はその水和物を含む非スラリー状急結補助剤
を別個に水硬性結合剤に添加する、水硬性結合剤の急速硬化方法。 - 請求項14又は15記載の方法で硬化された水硬性結合剤。
- 請求項16記載の硬化された水硬性結合剤を含む土木建造物。
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