WO2012031918A1 - Magnetische durchflusszytometrie zur einzelzelldetektion - Google Patents
Magnetische durchflusszytometrie zur einzelzelldetektion Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012031918A1 WO2012031918A1 PCT/EP2011/064776 EP2011064776W WO2012031918A1 WO 2012031918 A1 WO2012031918 A1 WO 2012031918A1 EP 2011064776 W EP2011064776 W EP 2011064776W WO 2012031918 A1 WO2012031918 A1 WO 2012031918A1
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- magnetoresistive
- measurement
- distance
- flow
- cells
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000684 flow cytometry Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 208000010201 Exanthema Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 201000005884 exanthem Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 140
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009087 cell motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/1031—Investigating individual particles by measuring electrical or magnetic effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
Definitions
- the present invention relates to flow cytometry.
- flow measurements are known in which magnetically labeled analytes flow through magnetic sensors.
- positive signals can not be clearly attributed to a single cell.
- cross-selection of the magnetic markers can also cause falsely labeled cells to give a positive signal.
- unbound markers can also cause a positive signal.
- Cell agglomerates in turn lead to only a positive signal and are not as such ⁇ he recognizable.
- the inventive method is used for magnetic flow measurement of cells.
- the process comprises the following steps:
- a commissioning of a sensor arrangement takes place.
- at least a first and a second magnetoresistive component is connected in a Wheatstone bridge in Diago ⁇ nalanaku or parallel arrangement.
- diagonal arrangement is meant here that the diagonally ge ⁇ genübericide resistances of the Wheatstone bridge are magnetoresistive elements, parallel design, it is meant that adjacent resistors in the Wheatstone bridge are magnetoresistive elements.
- the magnetoresistive components are spaced apart in the flow direction arranged. In particular, the distance is adapted to the type of cell to be detected.
- a measurement signal is generated with a characteristic pattern of at least three Meßausditen.
- the charac ⁇ -specific measurement signal pattern provides the information measuring rash number, measuring distances rash, rash measuring amplitudes measured deflection direction and measuring direction rash sequence.
- an evaluation of the measurement signal takes place, in which a measurement signal is identified as a single cell detection on the basis of the characteristic measurement stop sequence.
- This method further has the advantage that, besides the reduction of the legitimacysig ⁇ Nals false positive signals are avoided.
- a flow velocity measurement can take place.
- an evaluation of the measurement signal is carried out in the method, in which the flow velocity of the cells is calculated on the basis of the known distance of the magnetoresistive components. Knowing the flow rate of the cells has another advantage. Based on the flow rate qualitative conclusions about the cell size are mög ⁇ Lich. Much smaller particles than the cell, eg unbound magnetic markers, move much more slowly than the cells to be detected. Larger particles or cell ⁇ agglomerate move at a much higher speed than the fürtikge ⁇ to be detected cells. Through the Calculating the flow rate so the quality of single cell detection is still increased.
- an evaluation of the measurement signal is pre ⁇ taken in the method, in which the cell diameter is calculated on the basis of the Meßaustsch- distance. This calculation can be done beispielswei ⁇ se from the calculated flow rate and the measured measurement rash distance.
- the Zell bemes ⁇ ser is another parameter that indicates a single cell detection or is an indication of a false positive signal.
- an evaluation of the measurement signal provided ⁇ taken, in which the signal ⁇ noise ratio is determined based on the measured deflection amplitude is in the process.
- the measurement ⁇ signal pattern may comprise a plurality of measuring deflections with different amplitudes. For example, an upper and / or a lower limit for the amplitude can be set.
- the measurement amplitude used here not as in previous measurements solely for the identification of a measurement event, but as one of several information from the characteristic measurement signal pattern.
- boundary intervals can be set in which the corresponding measured value must be a positive signal measurement ⁇ .
- limits, upper and / or un ⁇ tere limits or threshold intervals can be set for the calculated variables such as flow rate or cell ⁇ diameter or signal to noise ratio.
- a magnetic marking of the cells is carried out by means of superparamagnetic markers.
- the magnetoresistive Examples of components include GMR sensors, TMR sensors or AMR sensors.
- the first and the second magnetoresistive component are preferably arranged at a distance in the flow direction of at most one cell diameter.
- the distance may be one and a half cell diameter.
- a distance of a maximum of twice the cell diameter is directed to a cell type with a characteristic cell diameter.
- the sensor arrangement, four magnetoresistive components to a first and a second pair are connected in a Wheatstone bridge in parallel arrangement and are arranged in series so that a flow of cell h ⁇ len initially via the first, can then be guided via the second, then via the third and then via the fourth magnetoresistive component.
- the flow of the cells is first conducted via the first, then via the second, then via the third and then via the fourth magnetoresistive component.
- the flow rate is preferably calculated on the basis of the known pair distance between the first and second pair of magnetoresistive components.
- cell detection is performed in complex media, such as whole blood.
- the analyte ie the cells have varying diameters. typically, measure white blood cells 7 to 12 ⁇ in diameter. Accordingly, the limit interval for the calculated cell ⁇ diameter, for example, set (to 7 to 12 ⁇ ).
- This has the advantage that cross-selectivity, for example to other cell types with significantly different cell diameters, can be avoided.
- Such cross-selectivity can be al ⁇ Leinig not excluded by the magnetic marker.
- the marker density varies on a cell. This manifests itself, for example, in different measurement amplitudes. Accordingly, for example, the limit interval for the measurement amplitude is selected.
- the background is expediently suppressed, and too high signals are ignored by aggregates. For example, unbound superparamagnetic particles with antibody contribute to the background signal.
- ⁇ gaten of cells for example, bind over unbound markers each other, it can also lead to aggregates of superparamagnetic particles on the antibody. However, these are excluded, for example, by setting an upper limit for the measurement amplitude.
- the flow velocity in a laminar flow changes as the cells interact with the channel surface.
- the magnetically marked cells are preferably enriched in an external field on the magnetoresistive components and the stray field of the cells is aligned.
- the cells are enriched in the channel wall ⁇ that they roll in a laminar flow at the channel ⁇ wall.
- the external field preferably extends perpendicularly to the stray field of the cells to be detected.
- the magnetoresistive component When a single magnetoresistive component is swept by a single magnetically marked cell, the magnetoresistive component experiences a change in resistance as a function of the position of the cell or its magnetic field relative to the magnetoresistive component, that is to say the sensor element.
- Measurement signal has a positive and a negative measurement deflection. Depending on the direction of the stray field of the cell, which is a magnetic dipole, is first of po sitive ⁇ and then the negative measuring rash or vice versa.
- the essential advantage of the method according to the invention is that, independently of a varying cell diameter of the analyte and independent of the marker density, a characteristic measurement signal pattern is generated on a cell and an individual cell detection can thus be carried out.
- the measurement signal pattern of a single cell delivers an information content of four bits.
- false-positive signals can be excluded from cell aggregates or aggregated markers
- the device according to the invention serves for magnetic
- the device comprises a sensor arrangement comprising at least one Wheatstone bridge with at least one first and one second magnetoresistive component.
- the magnetoresistive components are connected in a diagonal arrangement or in a parallel arrangement.
- the magnetoresistive components are arranged at a distance from one another along a flow channel such that a flow of the cells can first be guided via the first and then via the second magnetoresistive component.
- the distance of the magnetoresistive components in the flow direction is preferably adapted to the cell type to be detected. Since ⁇ at the magnetoresistive components are designed so that a magnetic field of a single magnetically marked cell can be detected.
- the sensor arrangement is designed so that a measuring signal is detected which is a charac ⁇ ULTRASONIC measurement signal pattern with at least three measurement rashes.
- the measurement signal pattern contains information measuring rash number, measuring distances rash, Messaustschamplitu ⁇ , measuring deflection direction and measuring direction rash sequence. Furthermore includes an evaluation that out ⁇ staltet is based on the measured deflection towards the sequence Identify measurement signal as single cell detection.
- the ER-making proper device poses to ensure a single cell detection ⁇ while false positive Signa ⁇ le be avoided by additional information from a measurement signal pattern the advantage.
- the distance of the magnetoresistive components is at most a cell diameter.
- the distance is a maximum of 50 ⁇ .
- the distance is a maximum of 25 ⁇ .
- the device comprises evaluation electronics which are designed to calculate the flow rate from the measurement signal pattern on the basis of the known distance of the magnetoresistive components.
- the device comprises evaluation electronics which are designed to calculate the cell diameter on the basis of the measurement deflection distance.
- the evaluation electronics likewise serve to calculate the cell diameter and the flow rate.
- the device comprises evaluation electronics, which are designed to determine the signal-to-noise ratio on the basis of the measurement amplitude.
- the signal to noise ratio is the same evaluation ⁇ electronics, the calculated flow rate and cell through ⁇ knife, determined.
- the magnetoresistive elements are connected in a ⁇ Pa rallelanowski extract and arranged in series so that a flow of the cells initially via the first, then through the second, then subse- via the third and chd on the fourth magnetoresistive component is feasible.
- at least one Wheatstone bridge with a first and a second pair of two magnetoresistive components is included in the sensor arrangement.
- the distance between the first and the second pair of magnetoresistive components is more than three cell diameters.
- the device has the advantage that in a parallel arrangement, the flow rate is ⁇ telt ermit and two pairs of magnetoresistive components also generate two characteristic measured signal pattern to advantage.
- the device comprises a flow chamber through which the cells are passed, and which expediently passes over a magnetoresistive sensor.
- a magnetoresistive device may be a GMR, TMR or AMR sensor.
- Such magnetoresistive sensors are advantageous ⁇ , as magnetoresistors in a Wheatstone bridge connected. With such a Wheatstone measuring bridge, the stray field generated by a cell can be detected, thereby causing a change in resistance.
- the flow chamber is designed so that a laminar flow of the analyte can be realized therein.
- adhesion or interaction of the cells with the flow chamber surface must not be too strong.
- the nature of the inner surface of the flow channel allows the cells to roll on the channel wall.
- the Wheatstone bridge is realized in the following layout :
- the magnetoresistive components are preferred wise strip-shaped, eg with a sensor surface of 2 x 30 um.
- the component size is in the range of the dimension of a cellular analyte.
- the cells to be detected have, for example, diameters between 1 and 20 ⁇ m.
- the strip-shaped magnetoresistive components are transverse to the flow direction of the cells.
- the resistances of the supply lines to the four resistors of a Wheatstone bridge are aligned ⁇ consider possible to nimize to mi- in the signal and influence of temperature offsets. For example, all four resistors are the
- the magnetoresistive components are GMR elements.
- the sensor arrangement is configured such that the diagonal resistances of the Wheatstone bridge, ie the diagonally opposite resistances of the Wheatstone bridge, are arranged in spatially separated pairs.
- One of the pairs for example, consists of magnetoresistive resistors.
- the magnetoresistive components are, for example, GMR elements. In this configuration, therefore, only the hal ⁇ be bridge is exploited.
- the measurement signal pattern depends on the distance between the magnetoresistive components of a pair of diagonal resistors. If the magnetoresistive components are far apart, four measurement deflections are registered. In shortening the distance between the two magnetoresistive elements along the flow direction, the four measuring deflections migrate to one another and form a measuring ⁇ signal pattern with four measuring deflections different amplitude and direction. From a distance characteristic of the cell diameter, the individual signals of the individual magnetoresistive components overlap. The characteristic distance is furthermore dependent on the extent of the stray field of the cell. With sufficient shortening of the abatement Standes between the magnetoresistive components in a diagonal arrangement, it comes to extinguishing the average measurement rashes. This signal overlap occurs from a distance less than 2 cell diameter. With a cell diameter of, for example, 10 ⁇ , the magnetoresistive components overlap at a distance of approximately 20 to 30 ⁇ from the sensor responses.
- the resistors are arranged in spatially separated pairs.
- the pairs are parallel resistances of the measuring bridge.
- the second signal ie the signal that is produced during scanning of the second magnetoresistive component, a reflection of the first signal.
- a superimposition of the sensor responses also takes place in the parallel layout when the magnetoresistive components approach in the direction of flow.
- the two superimposed signal halves add up, which theoretically results in a peak with twice the amplitude height.
- both parallel resistor pairs are connected in series.
- the distance of the opponent ⁇ stand couple is expediently more than three cell ⁇ diameter of the cell to be sensed.
- the characteristic measuring signal sequence By means of the characteristic measuring signal sequence with two diagonal resistances, it is possible to determine the flow velocity of the cell.
- the fürtikgeschwin ⁇ speed can be calculated for a known data rate and a known distance of the magnetoresistive elements.
- the measurement signal pattern allows to assign relative to the magnetic gates ⁇ sistiven components the peak values of the measuring cell rashes exact positions. The way the cell travels between the two peaks of the sets corresponds to the distance between the two magnetoresistive components.
- the distance traveled by the cell h ⁇ le corresponds to the distance of the pairs of resistors between the peak values of the measured deflections.
- FIG. 1 shows a measurement signal of a single resistance arrangement.
- Figure 2 shows the time course of the movement of a cell to be detected via a single resistor.
- Figure 3 shows a Wheatstone bridge
- FIG. 4 shows a Wheatstone bridge in diagonal arrangement.
- FIG. 5 shows the measurement signal in a diagonal arrangement in FIG
- Figure 6 shows the measurement signal in a diagonal arrangement with a spacing of the resistors, which he laubt a superposition of the two measurement signals of the individual resistances ⁇ .
- Figure 7 shows the time course of a detected
- FIG. 8 shows a Wheatstone bridge and the cell flow progression via the resistors.
- FIG. 9 shows a Wheatstone bridge in parallel arrangement.
- FIG. 10 shows the measurement signal in a parallel arrangement in FIG
- FIG. 11 shows the measurement signal in a parallel arrangement with a spacing of the resistors, which he laubt a superposition of the two measurement signals of the individual resistances ⁇ .
- FIG. 12 shows the time profile of a cell to be detected via two resistors in parallel arrangement.
- FIG. 13 shows the measurement signal in a diagonal arrangement for a flow velocity measurement.
- Figure 14 shows the time course of a detected
- FIG. 15 shows a Wheatstone bridge and the Zellpoundver ⁇ run on the resistors.
- Figure 16 shows a Wheatstone bridge in parallel arrangement for a flow rate measurement.
- FIG. 17 shows two measurement signals of two resistor pairs in a parallel arrangement for flow rate measurement.
- Figure 18 shows the time course of a detected
- the measurement signal curve shown in FIG. 1 with the time t first shows a positive measurement deflection and then a negative measurement deflection of the same amplitude A.
- the temporal flow profile 20 is illustrated in FIG. 2 shows a cell 10 at three time points ti, t2 and T3. The cell 10 sweeps over the measuring resistor in the time interval ti to t 3 .
- the stray field of the cell 10 is displayed.
- the inplane field is registered by the measuring resistor, ie the field parallel to the direction of movement, which is indicated by the velocity arrow v.
- the field perpendicular to the direction of movement and perpendicular to the plane in which the resistor is located is not detected by the sensor.
- ⁇ ser direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the external field is directed to the enrichment of the cells 10 to the resistors.
- FIG. 3 shows a Wheatstone measuring bridge.
- U cc denotes the applied voltage
- U b the measuring voltage
- Ri to R 4 the resistances of the measuring bridge, of which at least two, for example, example, the opposing diagonal elements Ri and R4 are magnetoresistive resistors.
- cells 10 and their flow direction 20 are displayed.
- Figure 4 shows how the Wheatstone bridge preferably is at an ⁇ that a flow of the cells 10 on the diagonal elements of Ri, R4 can be carried out.
- the measurement at hand ⁇ a diagonal pair 40 is carried out, whereas R2 and R3, for example as ⁇ need not be magnetoresistive elements.
- the distance ⁇ of the magnetoresistive components Ri, R4 influences the measurement signal.
- FIG. 5 shows the course of the measurement over time for three different distances ⁇ , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3. Where ⁇ 2 ⁇ and ⁇ 3 ⁇ 2.
- the otherwise identically generated measuring signals of the two magnetoresistive components Ri, R 4 are superimposed.
- a cha ⁇ rakter Vietnameses measurement signal for a single cell detection in the diagonal arrangement 40 with four successive strokes Messaus- is initially positive, then negative, then again a positive and then a negative measurement shown a rash.
- the measurement rashes have also ⁇ Kunststoffliche amplitudes A.
- this distance dependence is used for a calibration-free single cell detection, ie a quantification of a cell concentration in a complex medium.
- This distance ⁇ is used for a calibration-free single cell detection.
- the cell size can vary between 1 ⁇ and 20 ⁇ .
- CD4 + cells have a diameter of about 7 ⁇ . Even within a cell type, the cell diameter varies. A small variation has to be recorded. Accordingly, a GeWiS ⁇ ses interval for measuring the amplitude A is selected.
- FIG. 6 shows a characteristic curve for measuring a Einzelzellde ⁇ tetation, a so-called fingerprint of an individual cell 10th
- the peak values of the measured deflections at the characte ristic ⁇ times tei, tei, tei and t65 an accurate position relative to the resistance (Ri, R 4) to you, which is illustrated in FIG. 7
- a single cell 10 moves past the pair of magnetoresistive devices Ri, R4.
- This half-bridge arrangement shown is connected in diagonal arrangement 40.
- FIG. 8 again shows a Wheatstone bridge in the classic circuit diagram.
- the arrows 20 indicate the flow direction of the cells 10 to be detected.
- the flow direction 20 is now selected in contrast to Figure 3 via the parallel elements Ri and R 2 or R3 and R4.
- Parallel elements means that the swept resistance pairs R 1 / R 2 or R3 / R4 are located next to one another and not diagonally opposite each other.
- Figure 9 shows an advantageous arrangement of the Wheatstone bridge 90, so that the resistors are arranged at a defined distance ⁇ to each other along the flow direction 20.
- the resistors R 1 -R 4 are strip-shaped and arranged transversely to the flow direction 20.
- the cells 10 can sweep a pair of resistors or both pairs of resistors in separate channels.
- FIG. 16 shows how, with a parallel connection 160, a flux 20 is implemented via all four magnetoresistive components R 1 -R 4 can be, which are arranged in a row along the Flusska ⁇ nals 20.
- FIG. 10 shows the measuring signal of a parallel arrangement 90 of two measuring resistors R3, R4 as a function of the distance ⁇ .
- the Messsigna ⁇ le approximate.
- the measurement signals are still from ⁇ each other and do not overlap. It is shown that, in contrast to the diagonal arrangement 40 in the parallel arrangement 90, the measurement deflection sequence is mirrored.
- the first resistor R3 emphasize is initially a po ⁇ sitiver measuring rash and then a negative impact from ⁇ .
- the second measuring resistor R4 he ⁇ initially followed by a negative and then a positive measurement deflection.
- FIG. 11 shows a measurement signal profile via a parallel arrangement. Also in this case, the peak values of the measured deflections exact time points tn-ti 3, or positions re ⁇ tively to the resistors assigned. These are shown in the time course of the cell 10 via the measuring resistors R3, R4 in Figure 12. At the time tu, the cell 10 starts to sweep the first measuring resistor R3. The cell 10 moves at a speed v over the measurement reflection ⁇ stands. Is registered, the in-plane field of the stray field of the cell 10. At the time ti2 with the highest amplitude A be ⁇ there is the cell 10 exactly between the two components magnetore- sistiven R3, R4 in a parallel arrangement 90.
- FIG. 13 shows the time course of a Messsig ⁇ Nals in diagonal arrangement 40 with a spacing ⁇ the magnetically toresistiven components Ri, R 4, which causes a measurement waveform with four measuring deflections of different amplitude.
- the time points of the peak values of the measurement deflections t3i to t34 are again illustrated in FIG. 14 and brought in conjunction with the position of the cell 10 over the measuring resistors Ri, R4.
- the path ⁇ the cell 10 in the time interval At between the two maxima, ie the peak values of the measuring deflections travels at the time t33 and t3i, corresponds exactly to the distance ⁇ of the two sensor elements Ri, R 4. about
- FIG. 15 illustrates the course of the cells 10 via the measuring resistors R 1 -R 4.
- Figure 17 shows the measurement signal of the two consecutive pairs of Ri, R2 and R3, R4 160 in Parallelanord ⁇ voltage
- Figure 18 shows the corresponding sweep the sensor assembly of a cell 10. At time t 7 i sweeps the cell 10, the first sensor element Ri at a speed of v.
- cell 10 reaches the middle between the first two components R 1 / R 2 .
- the ⁇ se position corresponds to the highest peak value of the first measurement signal t 72 ⁇
- the cell 10 terminates the second sensor R 2 .
- the cell 10 has reached the ⁇ With te between the components of the second pair, so again the highest peak value of the second measurement signal.
- the time interval ⁇ of these two maxima at the times t 72 and t 74 is marked ⁇ . This time difference Reference ⁇ can now be used again to determine the flow rate v.
- the cell diameter can be determined in the flow rate ⁇ / s] with the time interval et [sec] or ⁇ T [sec] is multiplied.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/820,866 US9316575B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-29 | Magnetic flow cytometry for individual cell detection |
EP11757210.7A EP2614355A1 (de) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-29 | Magnetische durchflusszytometrie zur einzelzelldetektion |
CA2810542A CA2810542A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-29 | Magnetic flow cytometry for individual cell detection |
JP2013527539A JP5583278B2 (ja) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-29 | 細胞の磁気的な流れ測定方法および装置 |
CN201180042847.0A CN103097873B (zh) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-29 | 用于单个细胞检测的磁流量血细胞计数 |
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DE102010040391.1A DE102010040391B4 (de) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Magnetische Durchflusszytometrie zur Einzelzelldetektion |
DE102010040391.1 | 2010-09-08 |
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WO2012031918A1 true WO2012031918A1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
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PCT/EP2011/064776 WO2012031918A1 (de) | 2010-09-08 | 2011-08-29 | Magnetische durchflusszytometrie zur einzelzelldetektion |
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US (1) | US9316575B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2614355A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5583278B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN103097873B (de) |
CA (1) | CA2810542A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102010040391B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2012031918A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
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US9316575B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2016-04-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Magnetic flow cytometry for individual cell detection |
US11432580B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2022-09-06 | Altria Client Services Llc | Cured leaf separator |
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DE102011080945A1 (de) | 2011-08-15 | 2013-02-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dynamische Zustandsbestimmung von Analyten mittels magnetischer Durchflussmessung |
DE102011080947B3 (de) | 2011-08-15 | 2013-01-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Einzelanalyterfassung mittels magnetischer Durchflussmessung |
DE102012210598A1 (de) * | 2012-06-22 | 2013-12-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Detektion von Zellen in einer Zellsuspension |
DE102014205949A1 (de) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Durchflusskammer für einen Durchflusszytometer sowie Durchflusszytometer |
DE102015225847A1 (de) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Detektionsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Detektieren zumindest eines an zumindest ein Bindepartikel gebundenen Partikels in einer Flüssigkeit |
US10746611B2 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-08-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Magnetostrictive strain gauge sensor |
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JP2001318079A (ja) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-11-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 流体中の異物検出方法及び装置 |
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- 2011-08-29 US US13/820,866 patent/US9316575B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (2)
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US9316575B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2016-04-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Magnetic flow cytometry for individual cell detection |
US11432580B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2022-09-06 | Altria Client Services Llc | Cured leaf separator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20130164777A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
DE102010040391B4 (de) | 2015-11-19 |
JP2013542410A (ja) | 2013-11-21 |
EP2614355A1 (de) | 2013-07-17 |
CA2810542A1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
CN103097873A (zh) | 2013-05-08 |
US9316575B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 |
CN103097873B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
DE102010040391A1 (de) | 2012-03-08 |
JP5583278B2 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
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