WO2012023345A1 - がん幹細胞を含むまたはそれに由来するがんの治療、予防および診断のための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
がん幹細胞を含むまたはそれに由来するがんの治療、予防および診断のための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of cancer containing or derived from cancer stem cells targeting the RPN2 gene.
- cancer stem cells or tumor initiating cells. Targeting this cancer stem cell is expected to be able to treat and prevent the occurrence, metastasis and recurrence of cancer.
- the markers that define cancer stem cells are not clear, and treatment or prevention methods targeting cancer stem cells have been established. Absent.
- RPN2 ribophorin II
- OST oligosaccharide transferase
- An object of the present invention is to provide methods and compositions for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of cancer containing or derived from cancer stem cells.
- the inventors show that RPN2 is highly expressed in the cancer stem cell fraction of breast cancer cells, and that knockdown of RPN2 inhibits colony formation and invasive ability of cancer stem cells in vitro. Further analysis showed that knockdown of RPN2 reduced tumor formation and suppressed metastatic potential in vivo. Extensive proteomic analysis revealed that RPN2 knockdown alters the expression of 14-3-3 ⁇ , which is known to regulate the TGF- ⁇ / Smad pathway. Thus, the inventors provide genetic and biological evidence that RPN2 is important for maintenance of cancer stem cell phenotype and that RPN2 may be a promising target for cancer stem cell therapy. provide.
- the present invention is: [1] A pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing cancer comprising an RPN2 inhibitor, comprising or derived from cancer stem cells; [2] The pharmaceutical composition of [1], wherein the cancer stem cell has a mutant p53 gene; [3] The pharmaceutical composition of [1] or [2], wherein the RPN2 inhibitor is siRNA against the RPN2 gene; [4] A method for detecting cancer stem cells, comprising determining the presence or level of RPN2 expression; [5] The method according to [4], further comprising detecting a mutant p53 gene.
- the present invention provides methods and compositions for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of cancer containing or derived from cancer stem cells targeting the RPN2 gene.
- (A) shows CD44 + CD24 ⁇ cancer stem cell unequal division.
- (B) RPN2 expression analysis by RT-PCR. It is a figure which shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown with respect to the number of CD44 + CD24 ⁇ cancer stem cells.
- (A) It is a figure which shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown with respect to colony formation ability.
- (B) It is a figure which shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown with respect to the number of formation colonies. It is a figure which shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown with respect to tumorigenicity. It is a figure which shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown with respect to tumor metastasis. It is a figure which shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown with respect to lethality.
- FIG. 6 shows the effect of RPN2 knockdown on the expression of 14-3-3 ⁇ . It is a figure which shows the result of the immunohistochemical staining of the tumor formed by transplanting MM231-LN cell to an animal. It is a figure which shows the expression of RPN2 and the mutant
- FIG. 5 shows tumor apoptosis assessed by TUNEL assay.
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing cancer comprising an RPN2 inhibitor, containing or derived from cancer stem cells.
- the present invention also provides a method for the treatment or prevention of cancer comprising or derived from cancer stem cells, comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention to a subject.
- cancer stem cell refers to a cancer cell having pluripotency and self-renewal ability (also referred to herein as self-replication differentiation ability).
- the cancer cells include any cancer such as breast cancer cells, stomach cancer cells, colon cancer cells, lung cancer cells, prostate cancer cells, blood cell cancer cells and the like.
- cancer stem cells may have resistance to anticancer drugs (drug resistance), ability to invade surrounding tissues and / or metastasize to distant sites in the body (invasion metastasis ability). .
- drug resistance drug resistance
- the present invention is useful for cancer treatment and prevention targeting such cancer stem cells.
- the cancer stem cells have an increased expression level of ribophorin II (RPN2).
- RPN2 is one of the components (subunits) of an oligosaccharide transferase (OST) complex that exists in rough vesicles and has a function of adding an N-linked sugar chain to a nascent polypeptide chain.
- Human RPN2 is a basic membrane protein consisting of 631 amino acids. The origin of RPN2 is not limited, but is, for example, an animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a primate, and still more preferably a human.
- RPN2 gene is a gene encoding RPN2. SEQ ID NO: 1 shows the base sequence of the human RPN2 gene.
- the cancer stem cell has a mutant p53 gene.
- “P53” is a tumor suppressor gene product, and mutations in the p53 gene have been found in many human cancers (Adorno, M. et al., Cell, 137: 87-98 (2009); Wang , SP et al., Nat. Cell Biol., 11: 694-704 (2009); Muller, PA et al., Cell, 139: 1327-1341 (2009); Morton, JP et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 107: 246-251 (2010)).
- the mutation in the p53 gene is not limited, but preferably the mutation is a substitution point mutation (missense mutation) or a deletion mutation (codon deletion mutation) that does not cause a frame shift.
- the present inventors have found that knocking down RPN2 expression in a cell line having mutant p53 reduces the mutant p53 protein level and suppresses the decrease in E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, the present inventors have found that the expression of 14-3-3 ⁇ is decreased in cancer cells in which RPN2 is highly expressed, and that the expression is increased by knocking down RPN2. 14-3-3 ⁇ is known to act to degrade mutant p53 via mdm2.
- Cancer cells are known to exhibit a phenomenon called epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It is thought that the expression of E-cadherin involved in cell adhesion during EMT decreases, and as a result, cancer cells infiltrate or metastasize.
- EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- mutant p53 is involved in the ability of cancer cells to self-replicate and to infiltrate and metastasize, and there are many studies on p53.
- no successful cancer treatment or prevention targeting p53 has been reported to date.
- RPN2 has been shown to be involved in drug resistance in addition to self-renewal differentiation ability and invasion and metastasis ability, inhibiting RPN2 not only eliminates drug resistance of cancer cells, but also mutant p53 It is thought that it can inhibit the self-renewal differentiation ability and invasive metastasis ability of cancer cells by inhibiting the action upstream.
- mutant p53 By detecting the presence of mutant p53 in addition to RPN2 expression, cancer cells having mutant p53 effective in inhibiting RPN2 can be identified more accurately. Further, by inhibiting RPN2, cancer associated with mutant p53 can be treated and prevented more effectively than targeting mutant p53.
- the term “RPN2 inhibitor” refers to any substance that inhibits RPN2 gene expression and RPN2 gene product action. It is known that RPN2 is hardly expressed in normal tissues other than placenta. Accordingly, the RPN2 inhibitor is useful as a specific cancer therapeutic agent that does not substantially act on cells other than cancer cells in subjects other than pregnant women and has no side effects. Although there is no subject limitation, for example, it is an animal, preferably a mammal, more preferably a primate, and still more preferably a human.
- RPN2 inhibitor for example, a substance that inhibits transcription of the RPN2 gene, a substance that binds to or degrades the RPN2 transcript, a substance that binds to the RPN2 protein, and the like can be used.
- substances that bind to RPN2 protein include anti-RPN2 antibodies or fragments thereof (Fab, F (ab ′) 2, etc.), other components that bind to RPN2 in oligosaccharide transferase (OST) complexes, and the like. It is done.
- substances that bind to or degrade the RPN2 transcript include antisense RNA, ribozyme, small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and the like for the RPN2 gene.
- RNA interference refers to a phenomenon in which gene expression is suppressed in a sequence-specific manner by double-stranded (ds) RNA molecules.
- ds double-stranded
- siRNA interference is caused by cleavage of target mRNA by siRNA, gene silencing via heterochromatinization of the target DNA region by siRNA, translational suppression by miRNA, transcriptional repression, degradation of mRNA, and the like. Since siRNA can be designed based on the sequence of the RPN2 gene, which is the target gene, and can be artificially synthesized, it is preferably used in the present invention.
- Such siRNA can be obtained by any method known in the art. For example, it can be chemically synthesized by performing a condensation reaction one base at a time from the 3 ′ end to the 5 ′ end by the phosphoramidite method also used in DNA chemical synthesis.
- the hydroxyl group at the 2 ′ end of each ribonucleotide is protected in order to prevent degradation by RNase during the synthesis process.
- protecting groups include 2'-Ot-butyldimethylsilyl (2'-tBDMS) group, 2'-O-triisopropylsilyloxymethyl (2'-TOM) group, 5'-silyl-2 Examples include a '-acetoxyethoxy (2'-ACE) group.
- the siRNA for the RPN2 gene has a sequence corresponding to a predetermined sequence of the RPN2 gene, that is, a sequence corresponding to a partial sequence of the target mRNA.
- a dsRNA consisting of RNA of SEQ ID NO: 2 serving as a sense strand and RNA of SEQ ID NO: 3 serving as an antisense strand with respect to the sequence from 1194th to 1212th in the RPN2 gene sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 (sequence A) can be used as siRNA.
- this dsRNA there is a 2-base overhang at the 3 ′ end of each strand, so the double-stranded portion is 19 bases long.
- SEQ ID NOs: 4 to 25 show the sequences of the sense strand and the antisense strand of siRNA (sequences B to L) for the RPN2 gene disclosed in Patent Document 1. These pairs (dsRNA) can be used as RPN2 inhibitors in the present invention.
- miRNA is a low molecular weight RNA that does not encode a protein, and it is known that there are several hundred types on the genome. miRNA is transcribed as nucleotides of hundreds to thousands of bases and then processed, and finally becomes dimer nucleotides of 19 to 24 bases. Translation of mRNA having a base sequence complementary to this miRNA is suppressed. Inhibits gene expression by mRNA degradation, transcriptional control, etc. Since it is known that the expression of RPN2 is also controlled by a plurality of miRNAs, it is possible to artificially synthesize such miRNAs and use them as RPN2 inhibitors in the present invention to suppress RPN2 gene expression. It becomes possible. Known miRNA sequences that may suppress RPN2 gene expression can be searched from public databases (such as TargetScanetRelease 3.1).
- the administration of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be either systemic administration or local administration.
- the route of administration can be any route such as intravenous, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, intranasal, and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further contain optional components used in the field of pharmaceutical preparation, such as excipients, diluents, and stabilizers.
- the RPN2 inhibitor is a protein such as an antibody
- the pharmaceutical composition may further comprise components commonly used in the field of protein formulation.
- the RPN2 inhibitor is a nucleic acid such as siRNA
- an arbitrary substance for example, a liposome for introducing the nucleic acid may be included. Since the transfection agent containing the peptide surfactant described in WO2010 / 024262 exhibits low toxicity, high reachability to the affected area, and suppression efficiency of the target gene and can be administered systemically, Therefore, it can be used suitably.
- the amount of RPN2 inhibitor used in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention varies depending on the administration method, tumor type, size, patient condition, concomitant drugs, etc., and is appropriately determined by those skilled in the art.
- siRNA when used as an RPN2 inhibitor, it is preferably 1 nmol / kg or more and 10 nmol / kg or less for local administration, and 2 nmol / kg or more and 50 nmol / kg or less for systemic administration.
- the present invention provides a method for detecting cancer stem cells, comprising determining the presence or level or expression level of RPN2.
- RPN2 Since RPN2 is present in the cytoplasm, for detection, an extract containing RNA, protein, etc. is prepared from cells or tissues obtained from the subject, and the transcription product (RPN2 mRNA) and translation product (RPN2 protein) therein are prepared. To detect.
- RPN2 mRNA any method known in the art such as Northern blotting or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) can be used.
- RT-PCR reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
- detection of RPN2 protein any method known in the art, for example, an immunological method using an anti-RPN2 antibody (Western blotting, ELISA, etc.) can be used.
- RPN2 Since it is known that RPN2 is hardly expressed in normal tissues other than placenta, the presence or high level expression of RPN2 is an indicator of RPN2's involvement in cancer. For the treatment and prevention of such cancer, treatment using the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention containing an RPN2 inhibitor is effective.
- the detection method of the present invention further includes detecting a mutant p53 gene.
- Detection of the mutant p53 gene can be performed using any nucleic acid detection / analysis method utilizing hybridization, electrophoresis, nucleic acid amplification, sequencing and the like known in the art.
- the detection method of the present invention is useful as a diagnostic method for determining effective treatment and prevention methods.
- Example 1 MCF7-ADR a human breast cancer cell, was divided into two cell fractions CD44 + CD24 ⁇ and CD44 + CD24 + and cultured for 7 days. Only the CD44 + CD24 ⁇ fraction had unequal division, a property of cancer stem cells (FIG. 1A).
- ribophorin II (RPN2) was analyzed by RT-PCR.
- RPN2 ribophorin II
- CD44 + CD24 ⁇ cancer stem cells
- CD44 + CD24 + non-cancer stem cells
- Example 2 The shRPN2 vector was used to produce human breast cancer cells in which the expression of RPN2 was constitutively knocked down.
- the cells used were three types of human breast cancer cell lines: MCF7, MCF7-ADR, and MDA-MB-231LN (MM231-LN).
- MCF7 is a parent strain of MCF7-ADR (drug resistant strain), is a non-malignant breast cancer cell, is hormone receptor positive, and is sensitive to drugs.
- MM231-LN is a hormone receptor negative and highly metastatic cell line with high malignancy.
- Example 3 One of the characteristics of cancer stem cells is the ability to form colonies in planar culture. As shown in FIG. 3A (MM231-LN-shNC), MM231-LN cells form a large number of colonies, but when the shRPN2 vector was introduced, the colony forming ability was remarkably suppressed (bottom of FIG. 3A). MM231-LN-shRPN2). FIG. 3B shows the number of colonies formed.
- Example 4 Another feature of cancer stem cells is that even if a small number of cells are transplanted into an animal, they form a fine tumor.
- MCF7-ADR and MM231-LN two types of human breast cancer cells
- shRPN2 RPN2 was knocked down
- shNC shNC
- Cells into which shRPN2 vector was introduced were transplanted on the right side of the back of mice (NOD-Scid mice, female, 6 weeks old), and cells into which shNC vector was introduced on the left side.
- Number of transplanted cells when 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells / site of MCF7-ADR, was when 1 ⁇ 10 2 cells / sites of MM231-LN.
- Example 5 MM231-LN cell is a highly metastatic strain with high malignancy. When this cell is transplanted into the mammary gland of a mouse, it metastasizes to the armpit and thoracic lymph nodes and is 100% lethal. In this system, the case where the shRPN2 vector was introduced was compared with the case where the shNC vector was introduced. As a result, lymph node metastasis was remarkably suppressed in the shRPN2 group (FIG. 5). Table 2 summarizes the results.
- Example 6 As a result of observing the mice described in Example 5 for a longer period of time, in the shNC group, all of the transplanted cells 1 ⁇ 10 2 cells and 1 ⁇ 10 3 cells were lethal, but in the shRPN2 group, 1 ⁇ 10 All cases survived with 2 x 1 x 3 transplants (Figure 6).
- the vertical axis represents the metastasis-free survival rate (%), and the horizontal axis represents time (day).
- Example 7 Two types of cells, MCF7-ADR and MM231-LN, in which RPN2 was knocked down by introduction of shRPN2 vector, were examined for expression of mutant p53 by protein analysis by Western method. As a result, it was found that the expression of mutant p53 was remarkably reduced in any cell (FIG. 7A).
- FIG. 7B shows the results for shNC
- FIG. 7 shows the results for shRPN2
- FIG. 7B right shows the E-cadherin positive cell rate (%).
- E-cadherin expression is lost when cancer cells exhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cells with reduced E-cadherin are said to have the property of facilitating metastasis.
- EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- Example 8 In order to investigate the mechanism by which the expression of mutant p53 is controlled by RPN2, proteins whose expression was changed by introduction of shRPN2 vector into cells were analyzed by the proteome technique. As a result, the involvement of 14-3-3 ⁇ was clarified (FIG. 8). 14-3-3 ⁇ acts to degrade mutant p53 via mdm2. In cells in which RPN2 is increased, the expression of 14-3-3 ⁇ is reduced, so that the mutant p53 is stabilized, and E-cadherin is decreased. It is thought that it was destined.
- Example 9 MM231-LN cells are transplanted into animals, and the formed tumor is immunized in three colors using DAPI (blue), anti-RPN2 antibody (green), and anti-mutated p53 antibody (red) that specifically stain the nucleus. This was examined by tissue staining (FIG. 9 left). RPN2-positive cells and mutant p53-positive cells were consistent. Furthermore, the expression of RPN2 was examined by staining with the ABC method (in FIG. 9). The expression of E-cadherin was decreased in RPN2 high-expressing cancer cells that were heavily stained in FIG. 9 (right side of FIG. 9).
- Example 10 The breast cancer tissues of two human breast cancer patients were examined by three-color fluorescent immunostaining using DAPI (blue), anti-RPN2 antibody (green), and anti-mutated p53 antibody (red) that specifically stain the nucleus.
- the tissue is the primary focus and both are positive for lymph node metastasis.
- the RPN2-positive cells and the mutant p53-positive cells are in agreement, which confirms the in vitro results in Example 9 (FIG. 10).
- Example 11 Apoptosis of breast cancer cells and reduction of breast cancer tumors by administration of siRNA against RPN2 gene in spontaneous breast cancer of dogs.
- PCR analysis of spontaneous cancer tissues of dogs (including breast cancer) revealed that RPN2 was highly expressed in canine breast cancer tissues.
- SiRNA for canine RPN2 was designed and a nucleic acid transfer carrier aqueous solution (a transfer carrier containing a peptide surfactant (A 6 K: Patent Publication 2010-222338) as a nucleic acid transfer carrier) was used at a final concentration of 0.5%. )
- a siRNA-carrier complex final concentration 1 mg / mL).
- the above siRNA-carrier complex is locally administered every 2 days to a spontaneous breast cancer tumor of a dog (Golden Retriever, body weight of about 40 kg), and the tumor tissue is surgically treated on the third day from the last administration. Resected. As controls, physiological saline alone and carrier (A 6 K) alone were administered. The appearance size of the tumor was 36.3 mm long and 17.1 mm short before administration of the siRNA-carrier complex, but became 34.9 mm long and 15.6 mm short on the third day after the last administration. There was a 43% reduction in tumor volume (GTV).
- the present invention provides methods and compositions for the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of cancer containing or derived from cancer stem cells targeting the RPN2 gene.
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Abstract
Description
[1]RPN2阻害剤を含む、がん幹細胞を含むまたはそれに由来するがんの治療または予防のための医薬組成物;
[2]がん幹細胞が変異型p53遺伝子を有する、[1]の医薬組成物;
[3]RPN2阻害剤がRPN2遺伝子に対するsiRNAである、[1]または[2]の医薬組成物;
[4]RPN2の発現の有無またはレベルを決定することを含む、がん幹細胞の検出方法;
[5]変異型p53遺伝子を検出することをさらに含む、[4]の方法
に関する。
ヒト乳がん細胞であるMCF7-ADRを2つ細胞分画CD44+CD24-およびCD44+CD24+に分けて7日間培養した。CD44+CD24-の分画のみが、がん幹細胞としての性質である不均等分裂を有していた(図1A)。
shRPN2ベクターを使用して、RPN2の発現が恒常的にノックダウンされたヒト乳がん細胞を作製した。用いた細胞は、MCF7、MCF7-ADR、MDA-MB-231LN(MM231-LN)のヒト乳がん細胞株3種類であった。MCF7は、MCF7-ADR(薬剤耐性株)の親株であり、非悪性の乳がん細胞で、ホルモンレセプター陽性であり、薬剤に感受性がある。MM231-LNは、ホルモンレセプター陰性で高転移性の悪性度の高い細胞株である。
がん幹細胞の特徴に1つとして、平面培養(シャーレ)でのコロニー形成能がある。MM231-LN細胞は、図3A上(MM231-LN-shNC)に示すように、多数のコロニーを形成するが、shRPN2ベクターを導入した場合、コロニー形成能は顕著に抑制された(図3A下、MM231-LN-shRPN2)。図3Bは、形成されたコロニー数を示す。
がん幹細胞の別の特徴は、少ない細胞数を動物に移植しても、立派な腫瘍を形成することである。ここでは2種のヒト乳がん細胞(MCF7-ADRおよびMM231-LN)について、RPN2をノックダウンした場合(shRPN2)とそうでない場合(shNC)を比較した。shRPN2ベクターを導入した細胞をマウス(NOD-Scidマウス、雌性、6週齢)背部の右側に、shNCベクターを導入した細胞を左側に移植した。移植した細胞数は、MCF7-ADRの場合1×104個/部位、MM231-LNの場合1×102個/部位であった。
MM231-LN細胞は悪性度が高い高転移性株である、この細胞を、マウスの乳腺に移植すると、腋下や胸部リンパ節に転移し、100%致死となる。この系において、shRPN2ベクターを導入した場合とshNCベクターを導入した場合を比較した。その結果、shRPN2の群ではリンパ節転移が顕著に抑制された(図5)。表2にその結果をまとめる。
実施例5に記載のマウスをさらに長期間観察した結果、shNC群では、移植細胞数1×102個、1×103個ともに全例が致死となったが、shRPN2群では、1×102個、1×103個の移植で全例が生存した(図6)。図6において、縦軸は無転移生存率(%)を、横軸は時間(日)を示す。
shRPN2ベクターの導入によってRPN2をノックダウンしたMCF7-ADRおよびMM231-LNの2種類の細胞について、ウエスタン法によるタンパク質解析によって変異型p53の発現を調べた。その結果、いずれの細胞でも変異型p53の発現が顕著に低下する事を見出した(図7A)。
変異型p53の発現がRPN2によって制御されるメカニズムを調べるために、shRPN2ベクターの細胞への導入によって発現が変化しているタンパク質をプロテオームの手法で解析した。その結果、14-3-3ζの関与が明らかになった(図8)。14-3-3ζはmdm2を介して変異型p53を分解するように作用する。RPN2が亢進している細胞では、14-3-3ζの発現が低下しているため、変異型p53の安定化がおこり、E-カドヘリンを減少させるなど、転移に関係するEMTの方向に細胞を運命づけたものと考えられる。
MM231-LN細胞を動物に移植し、形成された腫瘍を、核を特異的に染色するDAPI(青)、抗RPN2抗体(緑)、抗変異型p53抗体(赤)を使用する3色の免疫組織染色によって調べた(図9左)。RPN2陽性細胞と変異型p53陽性細胞は一致していた。さらに、RPN2の発現をABC法にて染色して調べた(図9中)。図9中において濃く染色されているRPN2高発現がん細胞において、E-カドヘリンの発現が減少していた(図9右)。
2つのヒト乳がん患者の乳がん組織を、核を特異的に染色するDAPI(青)、抗RPN2抗体(緑)、抗変異型p53抗体(赤)を使用する3色の蛍光免疫染色によって調べた。組織は原発巣であり、どちらもリンパ節転移陽性である。いずれの場合も、RPN2陽性細胞と変異型p53陽性細胞は一致しており、これは、実施例9におけるインビトロの結果を裏付けるものである(図10)。
イヌの自然発症乳癌における、RPN2遺伝子に対するsiRNA投与による乳癌細胞のアポトーシス及び乳癌腫瘍の縮小
イヌの自然発症癌組織(乳腺癌を含む)のPCR解析により、犬の乳癌組織においてもRPN2が高発現している傾向が見られた。イヌRPN2に対するsiRNAを設計し、核酸移送担体水溶液(核酸移送担体として、ペプチド界面活性剤を含む移送担体(A6K:特許公開2010-222338)を、最終濃度0.5%にて用いた。)と混合し、siRNA-担体複合体(最終濃度1mg/mL)を調製した。
イヌ(ゴールデンレトリバー、体重約40kg)の自然発症乳癌腫瘍に、上記のsiRNA-担体複合体を2日おきに2度局所的に投与し、最後の投与から3日目に外科的に腫瘍組織を切除した。対照として、生理食塩水のみ、担体(A6K)のみを投与した。
腫瘍の外観サイズは、siRNA-担体複合体投与前に長径36.3mm、短径17.1mmであったものが、最後の投与から3日目には長径24.9mm、短径15.6mmとなり、腫瘍体積(GTV)として43%の縮小がみられた。
外科的切除した腫瘍組織の切片観察およびTUNELアッセイにより、siRNA-担体複合体投与による腫瘍細胞のアポトーシスが認められ、投与後の組織には、腫瘍に特徴的な構造が見られなかった(図11右)。一方、A6Kのみ投与では、腫瘍組織に大きな変化は見られなかった(図11左)。
siRNA-担体複合体投与により、RPN2のmRNAが約50%ノックダウンされた(図12)。
Claims (5)
- RPN2阻害剤を含む、がん幹細胞を含むまたはそれに由来するがんの治療または予防のための医薬組成物。
- がん幹細胞が変異型p53遺伝子を有する、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- RPN2阻害剤がRPN2遺伝子に対するsiRNAである、請求項1または2記載の医薬組成物。
- RPN2の発現の有無またはレベルを決定することを含む、がん幹細胞の検出方法。
- 変異型p53遺伝子を検出することをさらに含む、請求項4記載の方法。
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US11324703B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2022-05-10 | 3-D Matrix, Ltd. | Surfactant peptide nanostructures and uses thereof in drug delivery |
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