WO2012011851A2

WO2012011851A2 - Fuel cavitator

Info

Publication number: WO2012011851A2
Application number: PCT/RU2011/000680
Authority: WO
Inventors: Дмитрий Вадимович ПОТАПКОВ; Степан Васильевич ЛЮБИНСКИЙ
Original assignee: Potapkov Dmitry Vadimovich; Lyubinksy Stepan Vasilievich
Priority date: 2010-07-08
Filing date: 2011-09-07
Publication date: 2012-01-26
Also published as: RU2435649C1; WO2012011851A3

Abstract

The invention relates to ejection-type liquid atomizing devices and can be used in power engineering for the combustion of liquid fuel, in a water supply system for removing bivalent iron from subterranean waters, in aeration systems for oxidizing domestic waste water and water close in composition thereto, in air-conditioning for the moisture-saturation of air being treated, for the cooling of water in recycling water supply system circuits, and in fire-fighting technology. The fuel cavitator consists of a body which is constructed as an integral whole with the following zones: a fuel supply zone with a truncated cone passing into a cylindrical part, a cavitation zone which has a stepped part with elements of variable diameter, and a discharge zone with a cylindrical part having a diameter d4. Furthermore, the fuel supply zone is formed from three parts: an inverse truncated cone, a cylindrical part having a diameter d3, and a conical part having a diameter in the base d2 and having a nozzle internal diameter d1. The cavitation zone is in the form of parts with a channel having an internal diameter d1, cylindrical parts having diameters d5 and d6, and a truncated cone. Owing to processing using cavitation, the fuel becomes finely dispersed, and the temperature of the combustion mixture drops and makes it possible to burn all of the fuel fed in. If all of the injected fuel is burnt, the power of a car is increased, the content of harmful substances in the car exhaust gases is reduced by many times, and the fuel consumption is reduced by up to 30%. The proposed device is simple to manufacture and is easy to fit into a car fuel system.

Description

RU2011 / 000680

Fuel cavitator

The invention relates to liquid spray devices of the ejection type and can be used in the energy sector when burning liquid fuel, in water supply when removing ferrous iron from groundwater, in aeration systems for the oxidation of domestic wastewater and water close to them, in conditioning when it is saturated with moisture processed air, when cooling water in the circuits of reverse water supply, in fire fighting equipment.

A device for processing liquid fuel by cavitation is known, which comprises a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and removing liquid fuel. An ultrasonic jet emitter is placed in the housing. The emitter is made in the form of two Archimedes spirals, the blades of which have opposite directions and are located between each other. The device is additionally equipped with a camera of variable cross section located behind the jet emitter. (See RF patent for IZ Ns 2075619 according to class IPC F 02M27 / 07.1997).

The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and its high manufacturing cost.

Also known is an atomizer for improving mixture formation, consisting of a housing with successively made inlet channel, toroidal chamber and outlet valve. The inlet valve is in communication with the nozzle located in the flow channel. The camera provides the creation of a resonant mode of motion of the vortex flow and an increase in the cavitation intensity (see the application for IZ Ns 94027355 according to class IPC F02M61 / 10.1996).

The specified atomizer is designed to mix fuel with by air. The closest in technical essence is a device for dispersing a liquid, consisting of a housing with step zones: a fuel supply zone and a cavitation zone. The fuel supply zone is made in the form of a hollow truncated cone passing into a cylindrical part. The cavitation zone is made with a cavitation rod and with a stepped part in the form of profiled rings of increasing diameter (see RF patent for IZ Nfi.2159684 according to class IPC B05B1 / 00, B05B1 / 30, B05B 1/32, 2000).

The specified design is difficult to manufacture.

The technical problem solved by this invention is to simplify the design of the device for cavitation of fuel, increasing the efficiency and efficiency of the engine, reducing harmful impurities due to the intensification of the cavitation process, as well as simplifying installation in the fuel system of the car.

The problem is solved in that the fuel cavitator, consisting of a housing made as a whole with zones: a fuel supply zone with a truncated cone turning into a cylindrical part, a cavitation zone made with a channel and with a stepped part with elements of variable diameter and an exhaust zone with a cylindrical part with a diameter c. Moreover, the fuel supply zone is made of three parts: a reverse truncated cone, a cylindrical part with a diameter c1z, and a conical part with a diameter at the base d2 and with an inner diameter of the nozzles di, a cavitation zone is in the form of parts: a channel with an inner diameter d 1, of cylindrical parts with a diameter ds and de, truncated cone.

In addition, the ratio of the sizes in the fuel supply zone was chosen di: d2: ds = 1: 10: 16. And the aspect ratio in the cavitation zone is chosen di: d: ds: d β

= 1: 7: 16: 10.

In addition, the ratio of the length of the parts of the device was chosen h: 1g: 1h:: Is: Ιβ = .8: 26: 9 .17: 14: 9, where h is the channel length, \ g is the length of the conical part of the fuel supply zone, h is the length of the cylindrical part of the fuel supply zone, U is the length of the truncated cone of the cavitation zone, Is, Ιβ is the length of the cylindrical parts of the cavitation zone.

New in this technical solution is that the body is made as a whole. The fuel supply zone is made of three parts: a reverse truncated cone, cylindrical with a diameter of d3 and conical with a diameter at the base of d2 and with an inner diameter of the nozzle di. The cavitation zone is made in the form of parts: a channel with an inner diameter of di, cylindrical parts with dimeters ds and de, truncated cone. The fuel removal zone is made in the form of a cylindrical part with a diameter of d4.

In addition, the ratio of the sizes in the fuel supply zone was chosen di: d2: d3 = 1: 10: 16.

And the size ratio in the cavitation zone was chosen di: d4: ds: de = 1: 7: 16: 10.

In addition, the ratio of the length of the parts of the device was chosen Ii: l2: b: l4: ls: le = .8: 26: 9: 17: 14: 9, where h is the length of the channel, 1g is the length of the conical part of the fuel supply zone, b- the length of the cylindrical part of the fuel supply zone, U is the length of the truncated cone of the cavitation zone, Is, Ιβ is the length of the cylindrical parts of the cavitation zone.

The proposed technical solution has significant features, which together affect the result. Thanks to the selected design and precisely selected internal geometry for incoming With a pressure of 0.2-0.25 MPa, a cavitation effect arises and the fuel becomes finely dispersed, the ignition temperature of the mixture drops and allows you to burn all incoming fuel, which increases engine power, allows you to save fuel and reduce harmful gas emissions by 2-3 times. Thanks to processing using cavitation, the fuel becomes finely dispersed, the ignition temperature of the mixture drops and allows you to burn all incoming fuel. When burning all injected fuel, the car’s power increases, the content of harmful substances in the car’s exhaust gas decreases by several times, and fuel consumption decreases by up to 30%.

Cavitation is accompanied by a partial destruction of the molecules themselves, with the formation of free radicals, which further initiate combustion processes. Thus, the lightweight fractional composition (with the same type of air flow) not only facilitates the winter start-up of the internal combustion engine, but also makes the combustion of fuel uniform and economical. Motor fuel enriched with free radicals partially absorbs condensate from the tank, which not only leads to its removal (it’s like pouring alcohol into the tank), but also saturates the fuel with additional hydrogen and oxygen. As a result, the calorific value of the fuel improves, and combustion is even more complete heavy hydrocarbons that clean the fuel system. The finely dispersed particles of the aqueous phase contained in the fuel, when it is heated in the cylinder, turn into vapor bubbles, instantly crushing the fuel droplets into tiny particles, which heat up faster and more intensively initially interact with the oxygen formed as a result of dissociation of water, ignite, and mix with

oxygen air charge, burn up rapidly. Mechanical failure in solid particles fuel, it reduces pollution of the products of combustion of fuel of the cylinder-piston group and exhaust valves.

The invention is illustrated by drawings: figure 1 shows the proposed device, figure 2 - aspect ratio of the geometry of the device.

The fuel cavitator consists of a housing 1, made as a whole, with step zones: a fuel supply zone 2 and a cavitation zone 3. The fuel supply zone 2 is made in the form of a hollow truncated cone 4 turning into a cylindrical part 5, and the cavitation zone 3 is made stepwise with channel 4 and with a stepped part with elements of increasing diameter. The fuel supply zone 2 is made of three parts: a reverse truncated cone 4, a cylindrical part 5 with a diameter c1z and a conical part 6 with a diameter at the base cb and with an inner diameter di of the nozzle 7. The cavitation zone is made with: a channel 4 with an inner diameter di, cylindrical parts 8 and 9 with the ds and de dimeters, a truncated cone 10, passing into the fuel removal zone with a cylindrical part 11 with a diameter of d4 For connecting to the fuel system of the car made fitting 12.

The drawing shows: H is the length of the channel, 1g is the length of the conical part of the fuel supply zone, 1z is the length of the cylindrical part of the fuel supply zone, is the length of the truncated cone of the cavitation zone, Is, Ιβ is the length of the cylindrical parts of the cavitation zone.

The proposed device operates as follows.

Installation of the device is carried out directly in the fuel system of the car immediately before fuel injection, after the gasoline pump; in the absence of a charge pump (diesel engines) into the fuel system Additionally, a flow pump with a presostat is installed to adjust the pressure. Settings or other manipulations are not required and you can immediately use the car. The size ratio of the fuel cavitator is selected as a result of tests.

The size ratio in the fuel supply zone: di: <h: d z = 1: 10: 16, the size ratio in the cavitation zone is chosen di: d4: ds: de = 1: 7: 16: 10, the ratio of the length of the parts of the device is li: h: 1s::: Ιβ = 8: 26: 9: 17: 14: 9.

An example implementation of the solution.

Minimum requirements for the fuel system of a car:

- diameter of a fuel hose from 4 to 8 mm

- pump pressure from 250 kPa (2.5 bar)

When increasing the diameter of the fuel hose, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the pump so that the speed of fuel at the inlet of the system is at least 30 m \ s.

Calculation of cavitation was carried out according to the formula:

x = 2 (P-Ps) / u * (V * V), where

P - hydrostatic pressure of the oncoming flow, Pa; - pump pressure

Ps — pressure of saturated vapor of a liquid at a certain ambient temperature, Pa;

and - the density of the medium, kg / m ?;

V — flow rate at the system inlet, m / s.

Depending on the value of x, four types of flows can be distinguished:

pre-cavitation - continuous (single-phase) flow at x> 1, cavitation - (two-phase) flow at x ~ 1, film - with a stable separation of the cavitation cavity from the rest of the continuous flow (film cavitation) for x <1, supercavitational - for x «1.

When calculating according to the above formula using the averaged indicators of the characteristics of the fuel and fuel pumps using the proposed device, the following cavitation indices (cavitation number x) were obtained:

- gasoline of all grades - x = 1.07221

- diesel fuel of all grades without the use of an additional pump - x = 1.33996

- diesel fuel of all grades using an additional flow pump from 5 Bar - x = 0.47023

When increasing the diameter of the fuel hose, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the pump so that the speed of fuel at the inlet of the system is at least 30 m \ s. Thanks to processing using cavitation, the fuel becomes finely dispersed, the ignition temperature of the mixture drops and allows you to burn everything

fuel received. When burning all injected fuel, the car’s power increases, the content of harmful substances in the car’s exhaust gas decreases by several times, and fuel consumption decreases by up to 30%. Below is a table with data on our tests.

The proposed fuel cavitator has an advantage over the known devices of this type:

- does not have mechanical moving parts;

- not connected to the vehicle’s power supply;

- works in any fuel system of the car in the presence of incoming working pressure; - it is very simple and quick to install or dismantle on any car;

- has high rates of improvement in engine performance.

Thanks to processing using cavitation, the fuel becomes finely dispersed, the ignition temperature of the mixture drops and allows you to burn all incoming fuel. When burning all injected fuel, the car’s power increases, the content of harmful substances in the car’s exhaust gas decreases by several times, and fuel consumption decreases by up to 30%. The proposed device is simple to manufacture and easily mounted in the fuel system of the car. Table

* The percentage of savings was calculated by determining the difference in consumption before installing the device and after.

Claims

Claim

1. Fuel cavitator, consisting of a housing with zones: a fuel supply zone with a truncated cone passing into a cylindrical part, and a cavitation zone made with a stepped part with elements of variable diameter, characterized in that the housing is made as a whole, and the fuel supply zone made of three parts: a reverse truncated cone, a cylindrical part with a diameter a ^* s and a conical part with a diameter at the base d2 and with an inner diameter of the nozzle di, and the cavitation zone is made in the form of parts: a channel with an inner diameter d i, of cylindrical parts with ds and dimeters, a truncated cone, and is supplemented by a fuel removal zone with a cylindrical part with a diameter of d.

2. The fuel cavitator according to claim 1, characterized in that the size ratio in the fuel supply zone is selected di: d2: d3 = 1: 10: 1b.

3. The fuel cavitator according to claim 1, characterized in that the aspect ratio in the cavitation zone is selected di: d: ds: de = 1: 7: 16: 10.

4. The fuel cavitator according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the length of the parts of the device is H: h: 1z: U: Is: Ιβ = .8: 26: 9: 17: 14: 9, where Ιι is the channel length, ,2 is the length of the conical part of the fuel supply zone, 1h is the length of the cylindrical part of the fuel supply zone, is the length of the truncated cone of the cavitation zone, Is, Ιβ is the length of the cylindrical parts of the cavitation zone.