WO2011160433A1 - 一种轨道油压锁紧装置 - Google Patents

一种轨道油压锁紧装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011160433A1
WO2011160433A1 PCT/CN2011/001026 CN2011001026W WO2011160433A1 WO 2011160433 A1 WO2011160433 A1 WO 2011160433A1 CN 2011001026 W CN2011001026 W CN 2011001026W WO 2011160433 A1 WO2011160433 A1 WO 2011160433A1
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Prior art keywords
rail
oil
locking device
hydraulic
oil groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/001026
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林淑芬
Original Assignee
Lin Shufen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lin Shufen filed Critical Lin Shufen
Publication of WO2011160433A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011160433A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N1/00—Constructional modifications of parts of machines or apparatus for the purpose of lubrication

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine tool, in particular to a rail hydraulic locking device for a machine tool.
  • the beam rail has a tool with a spindle head (such as a milling head, a boring head, etc.), and the tool can be moved up and down along the spindle head; the spindle head passes through the pallet (equivalent Installed on the beam on the slider, the pallet can move laterally along the beam guide.
  • a spindle head such as a milling head, a boring head, etc.
  • the cutter, the pallet, and the beam during the milling process will have a large shock. Therefore, when milling the workpiece, the moving and positioning beam and the milling head need to be locked by the locking device; when the workpiece is smashed, the moving and positioning beam and the pallet need to be locked by the locking device, otherwise the processing will be reduced. Precision.
  • the structure of the conventional locking device is complicated, and the operator needs to climb up and down on the machine frame for manual operation, which is quite troublesome, has poor self-locking property, and the locking state and the effect are not high, and it is still difficult to ensure the processing quality.
  • the invention is called “a tilting block for moving the machine tool beam - the lever clamp device”.
  • the clamping device described in the patent is based on the principle of the lever, with the stud as the fulcrum.
  • the force is applied to one end of the lever by the inclined block driven by the cylinder, and the other end of the lever generates a clamping force to lock the beam to the column, and the clamping device is provided by the oil cylinder and passes through the inclined block.
  • the lever enlarges the force, so the clamping device 3 ⁇ 4 can provide sufficient clamping force, and the locking effect is good.
  • the cylinder is driven, the automatic operation can be realized, and the self-locking property is good.
  • the clamping device still has disadvantages, such as complicated structure and high manufacturing cost.
  • the downward pressure of the inclined block on the beam easily bends and deforms the beam, reducing the service life of the beam. Summary of the invention
  • the rail hydraulic locking device of the invention comprises a guide rail and a slider, wherein the rail has a rail, the slider has a sliding slot matched with the rail, and the outer surface of the chute is fixed with a rail pressing plate, the rail pressing plate and the rail
  • the contact surface has an oil groove, and the outer side of the oil groove is provided with a sealing ring.
  • the rail pressure plate has an oil passage communicating with the oil groove, and the oil passage is connected with the hydraulic press through the oil pressure pipe.
  • the rail hydraulic pressure locking device of the invention mainly comprises a rail pressure plate and/or an adjustment insert having an oil groove and an oil passage, and has a simple structure and good workability, and the hydraulic press can adopt a machine tool machine.
  • the self-contained hydraulic press makes the locking device low in cost.
  • the hydraulic press provides the force to drive the hydraulic oil to the rail pressure plate and/or adjust the oil groove on the surface of the insert to generate high-pressure force on the rail and lock the slider in the rail. After locking, the hydraulic press can be stopped, and the direction of the reversing valve of the hydraulic press is kept unchanged.
  • the pressure of the hydraulic oil at the oil groove remains unchanged, and the locking device is self-locking.
  • the direction of the reversing valve is changed.
  • the hydraulic oil is recirculated, and the locking device is loosened from the rail, which is very convenient to operate.
  • the locking device directly presses the rails on both sides of the rail, the slider or the rail is not bent and deformed due to the pressure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a locking spindle head
  • Figure 2 is another schematic view of the present invention applied to a locking spindle head
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of the rail presser
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the invention applied to a locking beam
  • Figure 5 is a second schematic view of the present invention applied to a locking beam
  • Figure 6 is a third schematic view of the present invention applied to a locking beam
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the present invention applied to a locking tool. detailed description
  • the rail hydraulic locking device of the present invention comprises a beam guide rail 1 and a spindle head 2, wherein the spindle head 2 is mounted on the slider 3, and the beam rail 1 has a track 1 thereon.
  • the slider 3 has a sliding slot 31 matched with the rail 1 1.
  • the outer surface of the sliding slot 31 is fixed with a rail pressing plate 4, and the rail pressing plate 4 can be fixed on the outer surface of the sliding slot 31 by means of a dowel.
  • the contact surface of the rail pressure plate 4 and the rail 11 has an oil groove 5, and the outer side of the oil tank 5 is provided with a sealing ring 51.
  • the rail pressure plate 4 has an oil passage 52 communicating with the oil groove 5, and the oil passage 52 is connected to the hydraulic machine through the oil pressure pipe 53. .
  • an adjustment strip 6 may be formed by embedding a wear resistant material between the rail presser 4 and the rail 1 1 .
  • the oil groove 5 can be disposed on the contact surface of the rail pressing plate 4 and the adjusting strip 6.
  • the outer side of the oil tank 5 is provided with a sealing ring 51.
  • the rail pressing plate 4 has an oil passage 52 communicating with the oil groove 5, and the oil passage 52 passes the oil pressure.
  • the tube 53 is connected to the hydraulic press as shown in FIG.
  • the oil groove 5 can also be disposed on the contact surface of the adjusting strip 6 and the rail 1 1 .
  • the outer side of the oil tank 5 is provided with a sealing ring 51 .
  • the adjusting strip 6 has an oil passage 52 communicating with the oil groove 5 , and the oil passage 52 passes through The oil pressure pipe 53 is connected to the hydraulic press as shown in FIG.
  • an adjustment strip 7 made of a wear resistant material may be embedded between the side wall of the chute 31 and the side wall of the rail 11.
  • the adjusting strip 7 can be embedded on the side wall of the rail 1 1 , and the oil groove 8 is adjusted on the contact surface between the adjusting strip ⁇ and the rail 1 1 .
  • the outer side of the 8 is provided with a sealing ring 81.
  • the adjusting strip 7 has an oil passage 82 communicating with the oil groove 8.
  • the oil passage 82 is connected to the hydraulic press through a hydraulic tube, as shown in FIG.
  • the adjusting strip 7 can also be embedded on the side wall of the sliding slot 31.
  • the adjusting surface of the adjusting strip 7 and the sliding slot has an oil groove 8, and the outer side of the oil groove 8 is provided with a sealing ring 81, and the adjusting strip 7 is provided thereon.
  • the oil passage 82 communicating with the oil groove 8 and the oil passage 82 are connected to the hydraulic press through the oil pressure pipe, as shown in FIG.
  • the hydraulic compressor provides a force to drive the hydraulic oil to the rail pressure plate 4 and/or adjust the oil grooves 5, 8 on the surface of the strips 6, 7, to generate a high-pressure force on the rail 1 1 , and
  • the rail presser 4 is fixed on the outer surface of the chute 31 by the bolt, so that the slider 3 is forced to lock in the rail 1 1 , and the hydraulic press can be stopped after the lock, and the direction of the reversing valve of the hydraulic press is kept unchanged.
  • the pressure of the hydraulic oil at the oil tanks 5, 8 remains unchanged, the locking device Beta lock.
  • the direction of the reversing valve is changed.
  • the hydraulic oil is recirculated, and at the same time, the locking device is released from the rail 11, and the slider can be driven to slide.
  • the rail hydraulic locking device comprises a column guide rail 1 and a beam 2, and the beam 2 has a slider 3 on both sides thereof, and the column rail 1 has a track 11
  • the bone block 3 Jr. has a sliding groove 31 matched with the rail 1 1 , and the outer surface of the sliding groove 31 is fixed with a rail pressing plate 4 , and the rail pressing plate 4 can be fixed on the outer surface of the sliding groove 31 by a dart nail.
  • the contact surface of the rail pressure plate 4 and the rail 1 1 has an oil groove 5, and the outer side of the oil tank 5 is provided with a sealing ring 51.
  • the rail pressure plate 4 has an oil passage 52 communicating with the oil groove 5, and the oil passage 52 is connected with the hydraulic machine through the oil pressure pipe 53. connection.
  • Other structures and working principles of the rail hydraulic locking device according to this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
  • the rail hydraulic pressure locking device comprises a rail plate guide rail 1 and a spindle head 2, and the spindle head 2 has a slider 3 thereon, and the rail plate rail 1 has The rail 1 1 has a sliding slot 31 matched with the rail 11 , and the outer surface of the sliding slot 31 is fixed with a rail pressing plate 4 , and the rail pressing plate 4 can be fixed on the outer surface of the sliding slot 31 by the dowel.
  • the contact surface of the rail plate 4 and the rail 11 has an oil groove 5, and the outer side of the oil tank 5 is provided with a sealing ring 51.
  • the rail pressing plate 4 has an oil passage 52 communicating with the oil groove 5, and the oil passage 52 passes through the oil pressure tube 53 and the hydraulic press. Connected.
  • Other structures and working principles of the rail hydraulic locking device described in this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Description

一种轨道油压锁紧装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机床， 尤其是一种机床的轨道油压锁紧装置。
背景技术
机床的立柱导轨上有轨道， 横梁两侧有滑块， 滑块上具有与轨道相 配的滑槽， 滑槽外表面通过螺栓固定有轨道压板， 横梁通过滑块沿立柱 导轨作升降运动， 但该轨道压板只起导向作用， 而不能对轨道产生压力； 同样， 横梁导轨上有带主轴头的刀具 （如铣头、 镗头等）， 刀具可沿主轴 头做升降运动； 主轴头通过托板 （相当于滑块） 安装在横梁上， 托板可 沿横梁导轨作横向运动。 由于横梁和立柱导轨、 主轴头和刀具、 以及横 梁导轨和托板之间的轨道与滑槽之间存在间隙， 并且工件硬度较大， 铣 削加工时刀具、 托板、 以及横梁会产生较大的震动。 所以铣工件时， 需 要用锁紧装置将移动并定位后的横梁、 及铣头锁紧； 镗工件时需用锁紧 装置将移动并定位后的横梁和托板都锁紧， 否则会降低加工精度。 传统 的锁紧装置的结构较为复杂， 并且操作人员需要在机床机架上爬上爬下 进行手工操作， 相当麻烦， 自锁性差， 并且锁紧状态及效果不高， 仍难 于保证加工质量。
中 H专利号 " ZL200920145008. 1 "， 发明创造明称为 "一种机床横梁 移动的斜块——杠杆式夹紧装置"专利所述的夹紧装置基于杠杆原理， 以双头螺栓为支点， 通过油缸驱动的斜块对杠杆的一端施予作用力， 杠 杆的另一端则产生了夹紧力， 使横梁锁紧在立柱上， 所述的夹紧装置由 油缸提供作用力， 并经过斜块、 以及杠杆将作用力放大， 所以所述夹紧 装¾能提供足够的夹紧力， 锁紧效果好， 另外， 采用油缸驱动， 能够实 自动化操作， 且自锁性好。 但所述的夹紧装置仍存在不足之处， 如其结 构复杂， 制造成本高， 另外， 夹紧时， 斜块对横梁向下的压力容易使横 梁弯曲变形， 降低横梁的使用寿命。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构简单，成本低的轨道油压锁紧装置。 本发明所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 包括导轨、 滑块， 导轨上具有轨 道， 滑块上有与轨道相配合的滑槽， 滑槽外表面固定有轨道压板， 所述 轨道压板与轨道的接触面有油槽， 油槽外侧设置有密封圈， 轨道压板上 有与油槽相通的油道， 油道通过油压管与油压机相连接。
本发明的有益效果在于： 本发明所述的轨道油压锁紧装置主要包括 具有油槽和油道的轨道压板和 /或调整镶块， 其结构简单、 可加工性好， 而油压机可采用机床机身自带的油压机， 因而本锁紧装置成本低廉。 另 外， 滑块需要夹紧时， 由油压机提供作用力，驱动液压油流至轨道压板和 /或调整镶块表面上的油槽处， 对轨道产生高压作用力，将滑块锁紧在轨 逍中， 锁紧后可令油压机停止工作， 并保持油压机的换向阀方向不变， 此时， 油槽处的液压油的压力仍保持不变， 本锁紧装置自锁。 而滑块需 要滑动时， 改变换向阀的方向， 此时液压油回流， 同时锁紧装置从轨道 中松丌， 操作非常方便。 另外， 由于本锁紧装置直接在轨道两侧对其施 压， 所以不会因压力而导致滑块或导轨弯曲变型。
附图说明
图 1是是本发明应用于锁紧主轴头的示意图；
图 2是本发明应用于锁紧主轴头的另一种示意图；
图 3是轨道压板的局部放大图；
图 4本发明应用于锁紧横梁的示意图；
图 5是本发明应用于锁紧横梁的第二种示意图；
图 6是本发明应用于锁紧横梁的第三种示意图；
图 7是本发明应用于锁紧刀具的示意图。 具体实施方式
实施例一： 如图 1至 3所示， 本发明所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 包 括横梁导轨 1、 主轴头 2 , 主轴头 2安装在滑块 3上， 横梁导轨 1上具有 轨道 1 1， 滑块 3上有与轨道 1 1相配合的滑槽 31， 滑槽 31外表面固定有 轨道压板 4， 轨道压板 4可通过镙钉固定在滑槽 31外表面上。 所述轨道 压板 4与轨道 11的接触面有油槽 5， 油槽 5外侧设置有密封圈 51， 轨道 压板 4上有与油槽 5相通的油道 52， 油道 52通过油压管 53与油压机相 连接。
为减少轨道压板 4与轨道 1 1之间的摩擦力， 可在所述的轨道压板 4 与轨道 1 1之间嵌 ώ耐磨材料制成调整镶条 6。 所述的油槽 5可设置在轨 道压板 4与调整镶条 6的接触面上， 油槽 5外侧设置有密封圈 51， 轨道 压板 4上有与油槽 5相通的油道 52， 油道 52通过油压管 53与油压机相 连接， 如图 1所示。所述的油槽 5也可设置在调整镶条 6与轨道 1 1的接 触面上， 油槽 5外侧设置有密封圈 51， 调整镶条 6上有与油槽 5相通的 油道 52， 油道 52通过油压管 53与油压机相连接， 如图 2所示。 为减少滑槽 31侧壁与轨道 11之间的摩擦力，可在滑槽 31侧壁与轨 道 1 1侧壁之间嵌有由耐磨材料制成的调整镶条 7。 为更好地将滑块 3锁 紧 1Ϊ轨道 1 1 上， 所述的调整镶条 7可嵌在轨道 1 1侧壁上， 调整镶条 Ί 与轨道 1 1的接触面上有油槽 8， 油槽 8外侧设置有密封圈 81， 调整镶条 7上有与油槽 8相通的油道 82， 油道 82通过油压管与油压机相连，如图 1所示。 当然， 所述的调整镶条 7也可以嵌在滑槽 31侧壁上， 调整镶条 7与滑槽的接触面上有油槽 8， 油槽 8外侧设置有密封圈 81， 调整镶条 7 上有与油槽 8相通的油道 82， 油道 82通过油压管与油压机相连， 如图 2 所示。
滑块 3需要锁紧时， 由油压机提供作用力，驱动液压油流至轨道压板 4和 /或调整镶条 6、 7表面上的油槽 5、 8处， 对轨道 1 1产生高压作用 力，而轨道压板 4被镙栓固定在滑槽 31外表面上， 这样， 就迫使滑块 3 锁紧在轨道 1 1中， 锁紧后可令油压机停止工作， 并保持油压机的换向阀 方向不变， 此时， 油槽 5、 8处的液压油的压力仍保持不变， 本锁紧装置 β锁。 而滑块 3需要滑动时， 改变换向阀的方向， 此时液压油回流， 同 时锁紧装置从轨道 11中松开， 即可驱动滑块滑动。
实施例 2: 见图 3至 6所示， 本发明所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 包 括立柱导轨 1、横梁 2，横梁 2两侧有滑块 3，立柱导轨 1上具有轨道 1 1， ·;骨块 3 Jr.有与轨道 1 1相配合的滑槽 31， 滑槽 31外表面固定有轨道压板 4 , 轨道压板 4可通过镖钉固定在滑槽 31外表面上。 所述轨道压板 4 与 轨道 1 1 的接触面有油槽 5， 油槽 5外侧设置有密封圈 51， 轨道压板 4 上有与油槽 5相通的油道 52， 油道 52通过油压管 53与油压机相连接。 本实施例所述的轨道油压锁紧装置中的其他结构、 以及工作原理与实施 1相相同， 这里不再赘述。
实施例 3 : 见图 3、 图 7所示， 本发明所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 包 括轨道板导轨 1、 主轴头 2， 主轴头 2上有滑块 3， 轨道板导轨 1上具有 轨道 1 1， 滑块 3上有与轨道 11相配合的滑槽 31，滑槽 31外表面固定有 轨逍压板 4 , 轨道压板 4可通过镙钉固定在滑槽 31外表面上。 所述轨道 ^板 4与轨道 1 1的接触面有油槽 5， 油槽 5外侧设置有密封圈 51， 轨道 压板 4上有与油槽 5相通的油道 52， 油道 52通过油压管 53与油压机相 连接。 本实施例所述的轨道油压锁紧装置中的其他结构、 以及工作原理 与实施 1相相同， 这里不再赘述。

Claims

权利要求书
1、一种轨道油压锁紧装置，包括导轨（1)、滑块 (3)，导轨（1)上具有轨道（U)， 滑块（3)上有与轨道（11)相配合的滑槽（31)， 滑槽（31)外表面固定有轨道压板 (4) , 其特征在于： 所述轨道压板 (4)与轨道（11)的接触面有油槽（5)， 油槽 (5) 外侧设置有密封圈（51)， 轨道压板 (4)上有与油槽 (5)相通的油道 (52)， 油道 (52) 通过油压管（53)与油压机相连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 其特征在于： 所述的轨道压 板 (4)与轨道（11)之间嵌有调整镶条 (6)。
： 根据权利要求 2所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 其特征在于： 所述的油槽 (5) 设置在调整镶条 (6)与轨道（11)的接触面上， 油槽 (5)外侧设置有密封圈（51)， 调 整镶条（6)上有与油槽（5)相通的油道（52)，油道 (52)通过油压管（53)与油压机相 连接。
4、根据权利要求 1至 3中任意一项所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 其特征在于： 所述的滑槽 (31)侧壁与轨道（11)侧壁之间嵌有调整镶条 (7)。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 其特征在于： 所述的调整镶 条 (7)嵌在轨道（11)侧壁上， 调整镶条 (7)与轨道（11)的接触面上有油槽 (8)， 油 槽 (8)外侧设置有密封圈 (81)， 调整镶条 (7)上有与油槽 (8)相通的油道 (82)， 油 m (82)通过油压管与油压机相连。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的轨道油压锁紧装置， 其特征在于： 所述的调整镶 条（7)嵌在滑槽（31)侧壁上， 调整镶条（7)与滑槽（31)的接触面上有油槽（8)， 油槽 （8)外侧设置有密封圈 （81)， 调整镶条 （7) 上有与油槽 （8) 相通的油道
(82), 油道 （82) 通过油压管与油压机相连。
PCT/CN2011/001026 2010-06-22 2011-06-20 一种轨道油压锁紧装置 WO2011160433A1 (zh)

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CN101862963A (zh) * 2010-06-22 2010-10-20 林淑芬 一种轨道油压锁紧装置
CN106078237B (zh) * 2016-08-10 2019-01-29 宝鸡市广环机床有限责任公司 微型滑动导轨夹紧装置
CN109527944A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-03-29 安徽甫田幕墙材料有限公司 一种室内装饰单轨一体化顶装机构
CN110303348B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2024-08-23 安徽兴利德机械科技有限公司 一种机床轨道用限位装置
CN113664236B (zh) * 2021-09-22 2022-12-23 温岭市三和数控机床设备有限公司 一种硬轨式动力刀塔
CN116944898B (zh) * 2023-09-19 2023-11-28 北京广工精密技术有限公司 带锁紧功能的静压导轨

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