WO2011158330A1 - Structure pour le soudage d'une couronne et d'un boîtier de différentiel - Google Patents

Structure pour le soudage d'une couronne et d'un boîtier de différentiel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011158330A1
WO2011158330A1 PCT/JP2010/060128 JP2010060128W WO2011158330A1 WO 2011158330 A1 WO2011158330 A1 WO 2011158330A1 JP 2010060128 W JP2010060128 W JP 2010060128W WO 2011158330 A1 WO2011158330 A1 WO 2011158330A1
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Prior art keywords
welded
differential case
gap
probe
weld metal
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2010/060128
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅大 藤本
内田　圭亮
信吾 岩谷
隆人 遠藤
剛 倉本
浩一 恒川
賢 遠藤
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トヨタ自動車株式会社
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Application filed by トヨタ自動車株式会社 filed Critical トヨタ自動車株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2010/060128 priority Critical patent/WO2011158330A1/fr
Publication of WO2011158330A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011158330A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/041—Analysing solids on the surface of the material, e.g. using Lamb, Rayleigh or shear waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H48/40—Constructional details characterised by features of the rotating cases
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H2048/382—Methods for manufacturing differential gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F16H2048/385—Constructional details of the ring or crown gear
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/267—Welds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a welded structure of a ring gear and a differential case.
  • a differential gear used for a driving mechanism of an automobile is one of differential devices that are used for a shaft that connects driving wheels of an automobile and absorbs a speed difference between an inner ring and an outer ring when the automobile turns a curve.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the differential gear 110 described in Patent Document 1.
  • the differential gear 110 is provided in a ring gear 102 that is held outside the differential case 101, a space 103 in which the differential case 101 is assembled, and a pinion gear 105 that is attached to the differential case 101 via a pinion shaft 104, and meshes with the pinion gear 105.
  • a connecting gear 107 attached to the axle 106 is also included.
  • the driving force generated by the automobile engine or the like is transmitted from the driving force transmission gear 108 to the ring gear 102 joined to the differential case 101, and the differential case 101 and the ring gear 102 rotate integrally.
  • the pinion gear 105 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the differential case 101 and transmits a driving force to the axle 106 via the connecting gear 107.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional welding structure 100.
  • the abutting surface 102a of the ring gear 102 is press-fitted into the abutting surface 101a of the differential case 101, and welding wires (not shown) are melted on the upper and lower sides of the abutting surfaces 101a and 102a in pressure contact.
  • the ring gear 102 and the differential case 101 are welded and joined by pouring the welding metal 109.
  • the differential case 101 needs to rotate without shaking after being attached to the automobile. This is because the shake of the differential case 101 affects the quietness and vibration of the automobile, the life of the differential gear, and the like.
  • the welding strength of the butted surface 102a of the ring gear 102 and the butted surface 101a of the differential case 101 is necessary to secure to be higher than the design value.
  • the leg lengths D111 and D112 of the welded portions 111 and 112 of the differential gear 110 are diffracted waves generated by reflection of the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the probe 121 to the end 109a of the weld metal 109, as shown in FIG. (Refer to the one-dot chain line in the figure) is received by the probe 121, and the boundary between the gap S11 formed between the butted surfaces 101a and 102a and the end 109a of the weld metal 109 is detected and inspected. It was.
  • the leg lengths D111 and D112 of the welded portions 111 and 112 can be measured nondestructively.
  • the leg lengths D111 and D112 of the welded portions 111 and 112 cannot be accurately measured.
  • the probe 121 is arranged in one direction with respect to the differential case 101, and the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 121 is reflected on the terminal end 109a of the weld metal 109 to be one point in the figure.
  • the leg lengths D111 and D112 are inspected by generating a diffracted wave indicated by a chain line and causing the probe 121 to receive the diffracted wave.
  • the minimum size that can be detected by the probe 121 is about the same as the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 121. Therefore, in order to detect the boundary between the terminal end 109a of the weld metal 109 and the gap S11, the width W of the gap S11 needs to be at least as large as the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. However, in the conventional welded structure 100, since the gap S11 is formed between the flat butted surface 101a and the flat butted surface 102a, the width W of the gap S11 is only a few ⁇ m. It was much shorter than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave transmitted from 121 (for example, 0.30 mm).
  • FIG. 24 is an image diagram of a conventional leg length inspection.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ring gear and differential case welding structure in which the length of the welded portion of the ring gear and differential case is accurately inspected.
  • a welding structure is such that the first butted surface of the differential case and the second butted surface of the ring gear are abutted, and the end of the abutted portion is welded by a weld metal.
  • the welding structure in which the welded portion welded with the weld metal is irradiated with ultrasonic waves and the length of the welded portion is inspected by analyzing an echo reflected from a reflection source, the first abutting surface And a gap having a width larger than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, and the gap is formed on at least one of the first abutting surface and the second abutting surface. The end of the weld metal is exposed in the gap.
  • the first and second butting surfaces are provided in an annular shape
  • the welding portion includes a first welding portion welded from one end of the first and second butting surfaces, and the first 1 and a second welded portion welded from the other end of the second butting surface, and the first and second welded portions are preferably exposed in the gap.
  • a concave groove is formed in at least one of the first butted surface of the differential case or the second butted surface of the ring gear, and a gap is provided between the first butted surface and the second butted surface. It has been. Since the width of the gap is larger than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted and reflected at the end of the weld metal exposed in the gap, the reflected wave is dispersed into the gap and reflected to other parts. Is generated. Therefore, by analyzing the reflected wave of the ultrasonic wave, the boundary between the end of the weld metal and the gap can be detected, and the length of the welded portion can be measured. Therefore, according to the welding structure of the said aspect, the length of a welding part is test
  • the weld structure having the above-described configuration is formed by abutting a first butting surface and a second butting surface provided in an annular shape, and welding is performed from one end of the first and second butting surfaces to form a first welding portion. Welding is performed from the other end of the second butting surface to form a second welded portion. The first and second welded portions are exposed in the gap. Therefore, according to the welding structure having the above-described configuration, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted to the first and second welded portions, and the reflected waves are analyzed, whereby the terminal end of the weld metal forming the first and second welded portions is analyzed. Each position is inspected with high accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 It is an image figure which shows the external appearance of the differential gear which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention and applied the welding structure. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the ring gear and differential case before welding. It is the A section expanded sectional view of FIG. It is a schematic block diagram of an ultrasonic flaw detection system. It is a figure which shows the image which test
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a differential gear described in Patent Document 1.
  • FIG. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the conventional welding structure. It is an image figure of the conventional leg length test
  • FIG. 1 is an image diagram showing an appearance of a differential gear 4 to which a welded structure 10 of a ring gear 2 and a differential case 1 is applied according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the ring gear 2 and the differential case 1 before being welded.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion A in FIG.
  • the differential gear 4 shown in FIG. 1 is used for an automobile as in the prior art. As shown in FIG. 2, the differential gear 4 press-fits the butting surface 2a of the ring gear 2 into the butting surface 1a of the differential case 1, and then, as shown in FIG.
  • the butting surfaces 1a and 2a are placed on the surface side of the differential gear 4 (see FIG.
  • the welding structure 10 welded from the middle upper side and the back side (lower side in the figure) is applied.
  • the welded structure 10 includes a butt surface 2a of the ring gear 2 and a butt surface 1a of the differential case 1.
  • a gap S1 having a width B larger than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is provided therebetween.
  • the ring gear 2 is made of a metal such as cast iron.
  • the ring gear 2 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • a gear portion 2 b meshed with the driving force transmission gear 108 (see FIG. 22) is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 2 so as to be coaxial with the ring gear 2.
  • an annular butting surface 2 a is formed coaxially with the ring gear 2 on the inner peripheral surface of the ring gear 2.
  • the butting surface 2a is formed by a flat surface parallel to the vertical axis of the ring gear 2 in the drawing.
  • the differential case 1 is made of a metal such as cast iron.
  • the differential case 1 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • a butt surface 1 a is formed in an annular shape on the outer peripheral surface of one end of the differential case 1.
  • the abutting surface 1 a is formed coaxially with the differential case 1.
  • the abutting surface 1a is formed by a flat surface parallel to the vertical axis of the differential case 1 in the drawing.
  • the abutting surface 1a has an outer diameter dimension X1 larger than the inner diameter dimension X2 of the abutting surface 2a, and is provided with a press-fitting allowance for press-fitting the abutting surface 2a into the abutting surface 1a.
  • the concave groove 1b is formed in an annular shape along the central portion of the abutting surface 1a.
  • the differential case 1 and the ring gear 2 are coaxially positioned by press-fitting the butted surface 2 a of the ring gear 2 into the butted surface 1 a of the differential case 1.
  • the butted surfaces 1a and 2a to be pressed are melted by applying heat to the upper side (surface side) in the figure, and a weld metal 5 in which a welding wire (not shown) is melted is melted into the melted portion.
  • a welding wire not shown
  • the butted surfaces 1a and 2a are welded to the welding metal 6 by a predetermined length (leg length) D2 from the lower side (back side) in the figure to form a welded portion 8.
  • leg length the rotational torque transmitted from the driving force transmission gear 108 (see FIG. 22) to the ring gear 2 acts on the press-fitted portions of the butted surfaces 1a and 2a and the welded portions 7 and 8.
  • the leg lengths D1 and D2 of the weld metals 5 and 6 are set so as to ensure durability against the rotational torque.
  • a gap S1 is formed in an annular shape between the butted surfaces 1a and 2a that are welded in this way, due to the concave groove 1b.
  • the width B of the gap S1 that is, the radial dimension (horizontal direction in the figure) of the differential case 1 from the butted surface 1a of the groove 1b is the minimum detection size that can be detected by the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 (probe 14). It is set larger.
  • the width B of the gap S1 is set to a size of 95% or more with respect to the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave (ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 14) used in the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11. It is preferable to set it to the same level as the wavelength.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 14 has a wavelength of 0.31 mm when the frequency is 10 MHz and the sound velocity is 3080 m / s.
  • the width B of the gap S1 is set to 0.30 mm or more.
  • the axial length C of the gap S1 that is, the groove width C in the axial direction (vertical direction in the figure) of the differential groove 1b is determined by the design position of the terminal end 5a of the weld metal 5 and the weld metal 6 It is set so as to be wider than the distance from the design position of the end 6a.
  • the melted weld metals 5 and 6 may contain air or dust.
  • a gap S1 is formed between the butted surfaces 1a and 2a, and the welded portions 7 and 8 are so exposed that the terminal ends 5a and 6a of the weld metals 5 and 6 are exposed in the gap S1. Is formed. Therefore, the air, dust, etc. contained in the weld metals 5 and 6 float on the surface of the weld metals 5 and 6 exposed in the space S1 and hardly remain in the weld metals 5 and 6. Therefore, blowholes are not easily generated inside the weld metals 5 and 6.
  • the differential gear 4 can be applied even if the rotational torque transmitted from the driving force transmission gear 108 (see FIG. 22) acts on the press-fitted portions of the butted surfaces 1a and 2a and the welded portions 7 and 8. The stress is not concentrated on the blowhole generating portion, and the durability of the welded portions 7 and 8 is improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11.
  • the differential gear 4 has many irregularities, and the welded portions 7 and 8 of the abutting surfaces 1 a and 2 a of the differential gear 4 have surplus deposits 5 and 6.
  • the oblique angle flaw detection method using is adopted.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 of the present embodiment uses a Flex Scan System FLX-743G (model number) manufactured by SONIX as the system itself, and the water immersion type probe used is Olympus V311 10 MHz (model number). It is configured using M309 5MHz (model number) and a custom-made product (no model number).
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 mainly includes a water tank 12, a probe 14, a rotating device 15, a pulsar receiver 16, an AD / DA conversion board 17, and a personal computer 18.
  • the water tank 12 is filled with water 13.
  • the probe 14 is held in a state where it is immersed in the water tank 12, and has a built-in transducer for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves.
  • a phased array type probe that includes a plurality of transducers and can focus the ultrasonic waves and change the transmission direction of the ultrasonic waves by shifting the excitation timing of the plurality of transducers.
  • the rotating device 15 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 12 to rotate the differential gear 4 that becomes an object to be inspected.
  • the pulsar receiver 16 is connected to the transducer of the probe 14 and outputs an electrical signal for controlling an ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 14 to the differential gear 4 to the transducer, while receiving an echo received by the transducer. It is input and converted into an electrical signal.
  • the AD / DA conversion board 17 mutually converts an analog signal and a digital signal.
  • the personal computer 18 is a known computer including an input device 18a, a display device 18b, and an internal storage device (not shown). Analysis software (not shown) is stored in an internal storage device (not shown). Analysis software (not shown) controls ultrasonic waves transmitted from the probe 14 using parameters input to the input device 18a, analyzes echoes received by the probe 14, and displays the analysis results on the display device 18b. indicate.
  • the tester submerges the differential gear 4 serving as an object to be inspected in water 13 stretched on the water tank 12 and places it on the rotating device 15.
  • analysis software not shown
  • an initial screen is displayed on the input device 18a.
  • the tester gives parameters necessary for the inspection (such as the material of the differential case 1 and the ring gear 2 and the sound velocity of the ultrasonic wave passing through the differential case 1 and the ring gear 2) and a start instruction for starting the leg length inspection of the welded portion 7.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 starts the leg length inspection of the welded portion 7.
  • the personal computer 18 outputs a control signal for transmitting ultrasonic waves having a predetermined frequency, a predetermined band, and a predetermined wavelength from the probe 14.
  • the control signal is converted from a digital signal to an analog signal by the AD / DA conversion board 17 and transmitted from the pulsar receiver 16 to the transducer of the probe 14.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an image for inspecting the leg length D1 of the surface-side welded portion 7 of the differential gear 4.
  • the probe 14 emits ultrasonic waves at a predetermined frequency toward a predetermined range (hereinafter referred to as “first target position”) including a position where the end 5 a of the weld metal 5 exists by design. Send with.
  • first target position a predetermined range
  • the rotating device 15 rotates to rotate the differential gear 4 once. Thereby, the position where the ultrasonic wave is transmitted is shifted in the circumferential direction of the differential gear 4.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 14 enters the differential case 1 of the differential gear 4 through the water 13.
  • the water 13 is interposed between the probe 14 and the differential case 1 to enhance the propagation efficiency of ultrasonic waves.
  • the ultrasonic waves are refracted when entering the surface of the differential case 1 from the water 13 and propagate in the differential case 1 toward the “first target position”.
  • the end 5a of the weld metal 5 is exposed in the gap S1.
  • the end 5a is solidified so as to flow out to the gap S1.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitted toward the terminal end 5a propagates from the differential case 1 side to the ring gear 2 side through the gap S1, and generates a diffracted wave as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. Since the width of the gap S1 is set to be approximately the same as the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the generated diffracted wave is not easily attenuated by interference. Therefore, the diffracted wave generated by reflection at the terminal end 5 a is received by the probe 14.
  • the ultrasonic waves transmitted to the part of the weld metal 5 that contacts the differential case 1 and the abutting surface 2a that forms the gap S1 are reflected without going around the back side. The reflected wave is received by the probe 14.
  • the probe 14 transmits ultrasonic waves toward the “first target position”, a diffracted wave is generated in a predetermined range including a position where the end 5a of the weld metal 5 is designed.
  • the position where it occurs can be inspected. That is, even when the position of the terminal 5a is deviated from the designed position, the terminal 5a can be detected.
  • the probe 14 is held at a fixed position in the water tank 12, but the differential gear 4 is rotated once by the rotating device 15, and therefore, along the entire circumferential direction of the differential gear 4, The position and area where the diffracted wave is generated can be inspected.
  • the pulsar receiver 16 converts the diffracted wave or reflected wave received by the probe 14 into an electric signal and transmits it to the AD / DA conversion board 17.
  • the AD / DA conversion board 17 converts the received electrical signal from an analog signal to a digital signal and transmits it to the personal computer 18.
  • the personal computer 18 analyzes the electrical signal received from the AD / DA conversion board 17 and accumulates and stores the analysis result in an internal storage device (not shown). Then, the personal computer 18 displays the analysis result on the display device 18b for visualization.
  • the display device 18b includes at least an A scope (basic display: displays echo height on the time axis), a B scope (cross section display: displays the position of the probe 14 and the depth position of the terminal ends 5a and 6a), and the C scope.
  • a display screen based on plane display: surface display of terminations 5a and 6a) is displayed. Note that these display screens may be displayed together on one screen, or may be selectively displayed by a tester switching.
  • the personal computer 18 calculates the time from when the probe 14 transmits an ultrasonic wave until it receives a diffracted wave or a reflected wave from the electrical signal received from the AD / DA conversion board 17, and at the calculated time. Then, the propagation time of ultrasonic waves (distance from the probe 14 to the reflection source) is calculated by multiplying the speed (sound speed) of ultrasonic waves passing through the differential case 1. Then, the personal computer 18 displays an A scope in which the echo intensity (waveform) of the diffracted wave or the reflected wave and the propagation time (distance) of the ultrasonic wave are displayed on the rectangular coordinates on the display device 18b.
  • the A scope is easy to handle analysis data. However, in order to determine the positions of the ends 5a and 6a of the weld metals 5 and 6 and the defects and dimensions in the weld metals 5 and 6 from the waveform, skill of the tester is required.
  • the personal computer 18 luminance-modulates (or color-modulates) the A scope waveform and expresses it with a line, and the scanning position of the differential gear 4 of the probe 14 and the ultrasonic wave propagation time (depth (distance)) are expressed in rectangular coordinates.
  • the taken B scope is displayed on the display device 18b.
  • a diffracted wave has a characteristic that the rate of change in echo height is larger than that of a reflected wave. Therefore, the B scope display screen displays the luminance (color) at the position where the diffracted wave is generated different from the luminance (color) at the position where the reflected wave is generated.
  • the position of the terminal end 5a of the weld metal 5 where the diffracted wave is generated (the leg length D1 of the welded portion 7) is visualized from the echo height (luminance or color) displayed on the display screen of the B scope, and is intuitively viewed by the tester. Will be grasped.
  • the personal computer 18 creates a cross-sectional image based on the space between the butted surfaces 1a and 2a from the analysis result and displays it on the display device 18b. Therefore, from the cross-sectional image, the overall shape of the weld metal 5 and internal defects are visualized along the axial direction of the differential gear 4 and intuitively grasped by the tester.
  • the personal computer 18 performs luminance modulation (or color modulation) on the received echo intensity at a certain depth in the probe 14 and displays the C scope displayed at the position on the differential gear 4 on the display device 18b. Similar to the display screen of the B scope, the luminance (or color) at the position where the diffracted wave is generated is displayed on the C scope display screen so as to be different from the luminance (or color) at the position where the reflection occurs. . Therefore, the position (depth) of the terminal end 5a of the weld metal 5 and the range of scratches generated in the weld metal 5 are visualized. As a result, the tester can intuitively grasp the range of scratches generated in the weld metal 5 along the entire circumferential direction of the differential gear 4.
  • luminance modulation or color modulation
  • the leg length D1 of the welded portion 7 of the gear 2 and the differential case 1 is inspected with high accuracy.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 performs the leg length inspection of the welded portion 8.
  • the leg length inspection of the welded portion 8 is basically performed on the same principle as the leg length inspection of the welded portion 7 described above. However, since the welded portion 8 is further away from the probe 14 than the welded portion 7, it is difficult for the probe 14 to receive the diffracted wave generated by the reflection from the terminal end 6 a of the weld metal 6.
  • the welded portion 8 is inspected for the leg length D2 using a reflected wave instead of a diffracted wave.
  • a reflected wave instead of a diffracted wave.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing an image for inspecting the leg length D2 of the back surface side welded portion 8 of the differential gear 4.
  • the probe 14 transmits ultrasonic waves in a pulse shape toward a predetermined range (hereinafter referred to as “second target position”) including the designed position of the end 6 a of the weld metal 6.
  • the ultrasonic wave transmitted in this case is set to have a higher frequency and a shorter wavelength than when the welded part 7 is inspected for the leg length because the welded part 8 is farther from the probe 14 than the welded part 7. Is done.
  • the minimum detection size of the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 (probe 14) is set smaller than when the leg length D1 of the welded portion 7 is inspected. Simultaneously with the transmission of the ultrasonic wave, the rotating device 15 is driven to rotate, and the differential gear 4 is rotated once in the water tank 12.
  • the end 6a of the weld metal 6 is exposed in the gap S1. Since the gap S1 is sealed with both ends closed by the welded portions 7 and 8, even if the differential gear 4 is submerged, an air layer with low ultrasonic propagation efficiency can be formed.
  • the width of the gap S1 is set larger than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave. Even if an ultrasonic wave transmitted to the end 6a of the weld metal 6 wraps around the back side of the weld metal 6 via the gap S1 and generates a diffracted wave, the distance from the end 6a to the probe 14 is long and diffracted. The wave attenuates while returning from the differential case 1 toward the probe 14.
  • the reflected wave reflected at the terminal end 6a travels directly toward the probe 14 via the differential case 1, and therefore is less likely to attenuate than the diffracted wave.
  • the ultrasonic wave used for the inspection of the leg length D2 of the welded portion 8 has a higher frequency and a shorter wavelength than the ultrasonic wave used for the inspection of the leg length D1 of the welded portion 7. Therefore, the probe 14 can receive the reflection reflected by the terminal end 6a.
  • the reflected wave generated by the reflection of the ultrasonic wave at the portion of the weld metal 6 in contact with the differential case 1 has a higher reflectance than the reflected wave reflected on the terminal end 6a through the gap S1.
  • the reflected wave generated by the reflection of the ultrasonic wave on the abutting surface 2a via the gap S1 is attenuated by the gap S1, and therefore the reflectance is higher than the reflected wave reflected to the terminal end 6a via the gap S1. Is low.
  • the reflected wave generated in this way is received by the probe 14.
  • the personal computer 18 analyzes the echo height of the reflected wave received by the probe 14 and displays the analysis result on the display device 18b by the A scope, B scope, and C scope.
  • the reflected wave reflected on the terminal end 6a of the weld metal 6 has a lower echo height than the reflected wave reflected at the boundary between the weld metal 6 and the differential case 1, and has a higher echo height than the reflected wave reflected on the butt surface 2a. . Therefore, the lower end of the gap S1, that is, the end 6a of the weld metal 6 is visualized from the echo height and displayed on the display device 18b.
  • a gap S1 having a width B larger than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the probe 14 is provided between the butted surface 2a of the ring gear 2 and the butted surface 1a of the differential case 1. Since the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 can clearly detect whether or not the ultrasonic wave transmitted from the probe 14 is reflected by the terminal end 6a of the weld metal 6, the ring gear 2 and the differential case are provided. The leg length D2 of one welded portion 8 is inspected with high accuracy.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment.
  • 8 to 11 are diagrams showing screens for displaying the leg length inspection results of the first embodiment.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 When performing the leg length inspection of the welded portion 7, the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 has a frequency of 5 MHz, a sound velocity of 3080 m / s, and a wavelength of 0 from the probe 14 toward the “first target position” of the first to third embodiments. Transmit 60mm ultrasound. Further, when performing the leg length inspection of the welded portion 8, the flaw detection system 11 has a frequency of 10 MHz, a sound velocity of 3080 m / s, and a wavelength of 0 from the probe 14 toward the “second target position” of the first to third embodiments. .31mm ultrasonic waves are transmitted.
  • the ring gear 2 and the differential case 1 are differential gears having the same shape.
  • a thickness E in the axial direction (upper surface direction in the drawing) of the butting surface 1a of the differential case 1 and the butting surface 2a of the ring gear 2 is 23 mm.
  • the width B of the gap S1 (the radial width dimension B of the concave groove 1b) is set to 0.6 mm, which is larger than the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave.
  • gap part S1 is 20 mm.
  • the designed leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8 are 3.0 mm. In the first to third embodiments, only the actual leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8 are different.
  • the “first target position” is a range of ⁇ 5.0 mm (a range of 0 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less from the surface of the differential case 1) of the design position (3.0 mm from the surface) of the terminal end 5a.
  • the “second target position” is within a range of ⁇ 5.0 mm of the designed position of the terminal end 6a (3.0 mm from the back surface) (15.0 mm or more and 23.0 mm from the surface of the differential case 1). Range).
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 transmits an ultrasonic wave from the surface of the first embodiment to the “first target position” of the welded portion 7 and performs leg length inspection. As shown by the arrow in FIG. On the display screen, the luminance (color) at a position of a depth of 3.0 mm from the surface of the differential case 1 (position of 0 mm) was displayed separately from other portions. In addition, on the cross-section display screen of FIG. 9, it is displayed that the terminal end 5a of the weld metal 5 indicated by dot hatching protrudes downward into the gap S1 and the weld metal 5 is not damaged. .
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 transmits ultrasonic waves from the back surface of the first embodiment to the “second target position” of the welded portion 8 to perform leg length inspection.
  • the brightness (color) at a depth of 20.0 mm from the surface of the differential case 1 was displayed separately from other parts.
  • the cross-section display screen of FIG. 11 it is displayed that the terminal end 6a of the weld metal 6 indicated by dot hatching protrudes upward into the gap portion S1 and that the weld metal 6 is not damaged. .
  • the tester cuts the first embodiment along the portion where the ultrasonic wave was transmitted and measured the leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8, respectively. 0.0 mm. Further, the tester did not find any scratches in the weld metals 5 and 6.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 transmits an ultrasonic wave from the surface of the second embodiment to the “first target position” of the welded portion 7 and performs leg length inspection. As shown by the arrow in FIG. On the display screen, the luminance (color) at a depth of 2.0 mm from the surface of the differential case 1 was displayed separately from the other portions. In addition, on the cross-section display screen of FIG. 14, it is displayed that the end 5a of the weld metal 5 indicated by dot hatching has a small amount protruding into the gap S1 and that the weld metal 5 is not damaged. It was.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 transmits ultrasonic waves from the back surface of the second embodiment to the “second target position” of the welded portion 8 to perform leg length inspection.
  • the brightness (color) at a position 21.0 mm deep from the surface of the differential case 1 was displayed separately from other parts.
  • the cross-section display screen of FIG. 16 it is displayed that the end 6a of the weld metal 6 displayed by dot hatching has a small amount protruding into the gap S1 and that the weld metal 6 is not damaged. It was.
  • the tester cut the second embodiment along the portion where the ultrasonic wave was transmitted and measured the leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8, respectively. 0.0 mm. Further, the tester did not find any scratches inside the weld metals 5 and 6.
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 transmits an ultrasonic wave from the surface of the third embodiment to the “first target position” of the welded portion 7 and performs a leg length inspection. As shown by an arrow in FIG. On the display screen, the luminance (color) at a depth of 5.0 mm from the surface of the differential case 1 is displayed separately from the other portions. In addition, on the cross-section display screen of FIG. 19, it is displayed that the terminal end 5a of the weld metal 5 indicated by dot hatching protrudes greatly into the gap S1 and the weld metal 5 has a plurality of scratches. .
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 conducted the leg length inspection by transmitting ultrasonic waves from the back surface of the third embodiment to the “second target position” of the welded portion 8, as shown by the arrow in FIG.
  • the luminance (color) at a position 18.0 mm deep from the surface of the differential case 1 was displayed separately from other parts.
  • the tester cuts the third embodiment along the portion where the ultrasonic wave was transmitted and measured the leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8, respectively. 0.0 mm. Then, the tester found a fine flaw 5 b inside the weld metal 5 and found two flaws 6 b inside the weld metal 6.
  • leg length inspection results displayed on the display device 18b of the first to third embodiments and the actual leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8 formed in the first to third embodiments are as follows.
  • the leg lengths D1 and D2 of the welded portions 7 and 8 can be inspected with high accuracy.
  • scratches such as blow holes generated in the weld metals 5 and 6 could be found.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various applications are possible.
  • the probe 14 is fixed and the differential gear 4 is rotated.
  • ultrasonic waves may be transmitted to the welded portions 7 and 8 of the differential gear 4 by fixing the differential gear 4 in water and moving the probe 14.
  • the leg length inspection of the welded portions 7 and 8 may be performed by sliding the probe 14 while rotating the differential gear 4.
  • the leg length inspection of the welding parts 7 and 8 was implemented in the state where the differential gear 4 and the probe 14 were submerged.
  • the leg length inspection of the welded portions 7 and 8 may be performed by applying jelly on the surface of the differential gear 4 and moving the probe 14 on the jelly.
  • the gap portion S1 is provided by one concave groove 1b.
  • the concave grooves 1b are provided in the portions corresponding to the design positions of the terminal ends 5a and 6a of the weld metals 5 and 6, respectively, and the two gaps S1 are provided between the butted surfaces 1a and 2a. good.
  • the concave groove 1 b is formed in the abutting surface 1 a of the differential case 1.
  • the gap S1 may be provided by forming a concave groove on the abutting surface 2a of the ring gear 2 and forming the favorite surface 1a of the differential case 1 flat.
  • groove may be formed in both the abutting surfaces 1a and 2a, and the space
  • the ultrasonic flaw detection system 11 can measure the leg lengths D ⁇ b> 1 and D ⁇ b> 2 corresponding to changes in the workpiece dimensions of the ring gear 2 and the differential case 1 by changing the wavelength and incident angle of the probe 14. it can.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Une structure de soudage (10) est conçue de sorte qu'une première surface de butée (1a) d'un boîtier de différentiel (1) et une seconde surface de butée (2a) d'une couronne (2) viennent buter l'une contre l'autre, les extrémités des parties amenées en butée sont soudées par un métal déposé (5, 6), une onde ultrasonore est appliquée aux parties soudées (7, 8) qui sont soudées par le métal déposé, et les longueurs des parties soudées (7, 8) sont testées en analysant un écho réfléchi depuis une source de réflexion. Un espace (S1) présentant une largeur supérieure à la longueur d'onde de l'onde ultrasonore est formé entre la première surface de butée (1a) et la seconde surface de butée (2a), et l'espace est formé par une rainure (1b) formée dans la première surface de butée (1a) et/ou dans la seconde surface de butée (2a). Des extrémités (5a, 6a) du métal déposé (5, 6) sont exposées à l'espace (S1), ce qui permet de tester avec précision les longueurs (D1, D2) des parties soudées (7, 8).
PCT/JP2010/060128 2010-06-15 2010-06-15 Structure pour le soudage d'une couronne et d'un boîtier de différentiel WO2011158330A1 (fr)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102692451A (zh) * 2012-05-21 2012-09-26 江苏常牵庞巴迪牵引系统有限公司 一种转子端环钎焊质量检测方法
JP2015516082A (ja) * 2012-05-11 2015-06-04 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ 中空軸の損傷を検出するための方法
JP2016061760A (ja) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-25 富士重工業株式会社 超音波探傷装置および超音波探傷方法
CN107695320A (zh) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-16 株式会社斯巴鲁 差动装置的制造方法以及差动装置
JP2020523201A (ja) * 2018-03-30 2020-08-06 重慶聯豪科技有限公司Ｃｈｏｎｇｑｉｎｇ Ｌｉａｎｈａｏ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． 差動アセンブリの溶接プロセス
TWI739702B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-09-11 群光電能科技股份有限公司 兩物件連接用的熔接結構
US11353100B2 (en) * 2018-11-22 2022-06-07 Audi Ag Differential gear for a motor vehicle

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JPS5575888A (en) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Welded structure of sintered metal
JPS6162663A (ja) * 1984-09-03 1986-03-31 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd 大小両歯車を結合した動力伝達用歯車
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JPS514736A (ja) * 1974-06-29 1976-01-16 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Deifuarensharugyakeesuheno ringugyano toritsukekozo
JPS5575888A (en) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Welded structure of sintered metal
JPS6162663A (ja) * 1984-09-03 1986-03-31 Toyoda Autom Loom Works Ltd 大小両歯車を結合した動力伝達用歯車
JPH0314066U (fr) * 1989-06-27 1991-02-13
JP2001153009A (ja) * 1999-09-30 2001-06-05 Defontaine:Sa 内燃機関の出力シャフトに接続された支持体に歯付きスタータ・リングを結合するための系

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015516082A (ja) * 2012-05-11 2015-06-04 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ 中空軸の損傷を検出するための方法
CN102692451A (zh) * 2012-05-21 2012-09-26 江苏常牵庞巴迪牵引系统有限公司 一种转子端环钎焊质量检测方法
JP2016061760A (ja) * 2014-09-22 2016-04-25 富士重工業株式会社 超音波探傷装置および超音波探傷方法
US9594001B2 (en) 2014-09-22 2017-03-14 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Ultrasonic testing device and ultrasonic testing method
CN107695320A (zh) * 2016-08-08 2018-02-16 株式会社斯巴鲁 差动装置的制造方法以及差动装置
CN107695320B (zh) * 2016-08-08 2019-04-12 株式会社斯巴鲁 差动装置的制造方法以及差动装置
JP2020523201A (ja) * 2018-03-30 2020-08-06 重慶聯豪科技有限公司Ｃｈｏｎｇｑｉｎｇ Ｌｉａｎｈａｏ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． 差動アセンブリの溶接プロセス
US11353100B2 (en) * 2018-11-22 2022-06-07 Audi Ag Differential gear for a motor vehicle
TWI739702B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2021-09-11 群光電能科技股份有限公司 兩物件連接用的熔接結構
US12006967B2 (en) 2020-12-31 2024-06-11 Chicony Power Technology Co., Ltd. Welding structure for connection of two objects

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