WO2011158278A1 - 直流安定化電源装置 - Google Patents
直流安定化電源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011158278A1 WO2011158278A1 PCT/JP2010/003925 JP2010003925W WO2011158278A1 WO 2011158278 A1 WO2011158278 A1 WO 2011158278A1 JP 2010003925 W JP2010003925 W JP 2010003925W WO 2011158278 A1 WO2011158278 A1 WO 2011158278A1
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- voltage
- power supply
- circuit
- constant
- supply circuit
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02016—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices
- H01L31/02019—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02021—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/468—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc characterised by reference voltage circuitry, e.g. soft start, remote shutdown
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0045—Converters combining the concepts of switch-mode regulation and linear regulation, e.g. linear pre-regulator to switching converter, linear and switching converter in parallel, same converter or same transistor operating either in linear or switching mode
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stabilized DC power supply apparatus that drops a voltage from a power source of a solar cell with unstable output power and supplies a stable voltage required for measurement equipment and the like.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a DC stabilized power supply device in which a series type constant voltage circuit and a stabilization circuit using a switching element are combined.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the DC stabilized power supply device described in Patent Document 1.
- the rectifier circuit 10 rectifies 100 V AC and supplies current as an input voltage of the switching power supply circuit 11.
- the switching power supply circuit 11 makes a necessary switching control signal by comparing the output voltage of the inductor 135 and the output voltage of the three-terminal regulator 12 with the triangular wave generated by the triangular wave generation circuit 132, thereby generating a switching control signal 131. Is driving. That is, the voltage once dropped by the switching power supply circuit 11 is further converted into a low voltage necessary for the power supply load RL by the three-terminal regulator 12 to supply current.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a power supply device that uses a solar cell output in an unstable state such as cloudy weather is combined with a battery.
- a battery having a limited life due to the number of charging / discharging cannot be used for a measurement device used in a solar power generation device that is expected to have a long life.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that power is supplied in parallel from a commercial power source when power supply power from a solar cell is insufficient.
- a commercial power supply is used, particularly in a large-scale photovoltaic power generation facility, it takes a great amount of money to wire the power supply line, and extra power is consumed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a power supply device that supplies high voltage to a low voltage load via a switching element. However, in this configuration, the same problem as in Patent Document 1 still exists.
- the voltage rises from 0V in the early morning, and the power generation conditions differ depending on the weather, such as cloudy, rainy, and clear weather, as well as clear weather during the day. Since the power generation efficiency caused by the difference varies depending on the time, the power generation voltage varies greatly depending on the amount of solar radiation. As described above, when the variation of the voltage input to the series type constant voltage circuit is large, the difference between the input voltage and the output voltage also varies greatly, and the loss power also varies greatly. For this reason, it has been necessary to select a component that assumes the worst condition of power loss and to use a large heat sink for the control FET.
- a plurality of solar cell modules 41 are connected in series to form a string 42, and a plurality of strings 42 are connected in parallel to form a solar cell power source 43.
- Power is supplied through an inverter 140 that converts the power into an AC power source.
- Such a power generation system includes a measurement facility 45 that monitors the voltage and current of the power generation status, and the measurement facility 45 is supplied with power from the outside.
- Such a power source does not require extra wiring if it can be supplied from a solar cell, but the voltage generated in the string 42 by the plurality of solar cell modules 41 is designed to be 300V to 1000V, so it is necessary for the measuring equipment 45.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to lower the voltage from the power source of a solar cell whose output voltage fluctuates, and to supply a stable voltage to a measuring facility or the like. It is to provide a simple DC stabilized power supply device that can be inexpensively provided.
- the present invention has the following configurations (1) to (7) in order to achieve the above object.
- a DC stabilized power supply device that steps down a DC input voltage obtained from a solar cell and outputs it to a load such as a measuring facility, the series type connected to the solar cell and provided with a constant current limiting circuit
- a first constant voltage power supply circuit for dropping the voltage at the switch a switch circuit connected to the first constant voltage power supply circuit, a switching type second constant voltage power supply circuit connected to the switch circuit, and
- a voltage detection circuit for detecting the output voltage of the first constant voltage power supply circuit, detecting the output voltage of the first constant voltage power supply circuit, and when the detected voltage is equal to or higher than the first determination voltage
- the switch circuit is closed, power is supplied to the load from the second constant voltage power supply circuit, and the switch circuit is opened when the voltage is equal to or lower than the second determination voltage lower than the first determination voltage.
- the second constant voltage power supply DC stabilized power supply apparatus characterized by stopping the power supplied from the road to the load.
- the first determination voltage is 4/5 or less of a rated voltage at which an output voltage of the first constant voltage power supply circuit is stable, and the second determination voltage is the second constant voltage power supply.
- a DC stabilized power supply that steps down DC input power obtained from a solar cell and outputs it to a load such as a measurement facility, the series type connected to the solar cell and provided with a constant current limiting circuit
- a first constant voltage power supply circuit for dropping the voltage at the switch a switch circuit connected to the first constant voltage power supply circuit, a switching type second constant voltage power supply circuit connected to the switch circuit, and
- a voltage detection circuit that detects a power generation voltage of the solar cell, detects a power generation voltage of the solar cell, and loads the second constant voltage power circuit when the detected voltage is equal to or higher than the first determination voltage.
- the switch circuit is configured to stop the power supplied to the load from the second constant voltage power supply circuit when the power is less than the second determination voltage lower than the first determination voltage.
- the first determination voltage is in a range of 2/3 to 4/5 of a rated voltage that is a voltage value at which the solar cell is stably generating power, and the second determination voltage is 1 of the rated voltage.
- the stabilized direct-current power supply apparatus as set forth in (3), which is equal to or less than / 3.
- the maximum supply current value restricted by the first constant voltage power supply circuit is 1 to 1.5 times the maximum supply current value restricted by the second constant voltage power supply circuit.
- the direct-current stabilized power supply device according to any one of (1) to (4).
- the first constant voltage power supply circuit includes a first constant current control circuit and a second constant current control circuit having a function of feedback controlling the output voltage of the first constant voltage power supply circuit.
- the DC stabilized power supply device of the present invention it is possible to stably supply an input voltage from a rapidly changing solar cell to a power source necessary for a load such as a measurement facility. Further, by operating the switching power supply, the efficiency of voltage conversion in the entire power supply apparatus is high.
- FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram of a switch circuit having a hysteresis characteristic. It is a current-voltage characteristic figure when a step-like power supply input voltage is applied. It is a block diagram of 2nd embodiment of the direct current
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment of a stabilized DC power supply apparatus according to the present invention.
- a solar cell 141 in which photovoltaic power generation modules 142, 143, and 144 are connected in series outputs DC power according to the intensity of sunlight, and is converted into commercial AC that is usually used at home.
- the stabilized DC power supply device 101 has a constant current control, a first constant voltage power supply circuit 110 that drops voltage in series, and a voltage detection circuit 126, and is closed when the voltage value is V1 or more, and is opened when the voltage value is V2 or less.
- the switch circuit 129 having the Schmitt trigger circuit 127 that is in the state of FIG. 5 and the switching type second constant voltage power supply circuit 130 including the switching element 131 are included.
- an N-MOS FET 114, a Zener diode 115, and a current limiting resistor 117 constitute a first current limiting circuit 71.
- 116 and the current limiting resistor 118 constitute a second current limiting circuit 72, and the first current limiting circuit 71 and the second current limiting circuit 72 allow a current to flow to the input terminal of the DC stabilized power supply apparatus 101 for a certain amount or more.
- the second current limiting circuit 72 is supplied. The necessary constant voltage is obtained by turning off the current.
- FIG. 2A is a basic configuration circuit for obtaining a constant current characteristic
- FIG. 2B is a characteristic diagram of a voltage Vgs between a gate and a source of an N-MOS FET and a drain current Id
- FIG. 2C is a current characteristic diagram of the Zener diode.
- the circuit current I in FIG. 2A is selected to have a large resistance value that gives the bias resistor 111 a bias to the gate and a Zener voltage to the Zener diode 115, so that it almost equals the drain current Id of the N-MOS FET 113. equal.
- the voltage applied to the resistor 117 connected to the source terminal of the N-MOS FET 113 is the difference between the Zener diode voltage Vz and the gate / source voltage Vgs, and the flowing drain current Id is the resistance value of the current limiting resistor 117.
- R (Vz ⁇ Vgs) / R. That is, the current value determined by the resistance value R is limited.
- the switch circuit 129 detects the voltage of the capacitor 119 at the output of the first constant voltage power supply circuit 110 by the voltage detection circuit 126, and generates a current necessary for starting the switching type second constant voltage power supply circuit 130.
- the switch 125 shifts to a closing operation and maintains the closed state, and the input voltage of the second constant voltage power supply circuit 130 starts to decrease.
- the switch 130 is driven by the Schmitt trigger circuit 127 that opens when the voltage value is equal to or lower than the voltage value V2.
- the value of the voltage value V1 is 4/5 or less of the rated voltage at which the output voltage of the first constant voltage power supply circuit 110 is stable, and the value of the voltage value V2 is the output of the second constant voltage power supply circuit 130.
- the voltage is preferably 6/5 or more of the minimum input voltage at which the voltage is stable. As a result, stable operation with high reliability can be expected.
- FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram of a switch circuit having hysteresis characteristics, and shows the relationship between the input voltage of the switch circuit 129 and the output voltage at point B connected to the input terminal 152 of the constant voltage power supply circuit.
- V1 the input voltage is transmitted to the output terminal, and the conduction characteristic is maintained at the input voltage V2 or higher by the action of the Schmitt trigger circuit 127 having hysteresis characteristics.
- the switching type constant voltage power supply circuit 130 compares the output of the triangular wave generation circuit 132 and the power supply output voltage with a reference voltage RefV obtained by dividing the resistance 136 and the resistance 137 by a comparator 133, and a duty required for the switching element 131.
- This is a step-down power supply circuit that drives the cycle on / off operation.
- the diode 134 supplies a current when the switching element 131 is in an off operation, and the inductor 135 stores energy when the switching element 131 is in an on operation, and the current is output to the output continuously during both the on and off periods of switching. Furthermore, the capacitor 138 removes the ripple voltage due to the switching operation.
- FIG. 4A shows the constant voltage power supply circuit 130 in the case where the current limit value of the constant voltage power supply circuit 110 is increased so that the switch 125 is normally closed and the rated voltage is step-supplied to the power supply device at time t0. It is a time transition graph of input current Iin and output current Io.
- Iin and output current Io input current Iin and output current Io.
- the constant voltage power supply circuit 110 for stepping down more than a high voltage requires an input current having the same magnitude as the output current, and becomes a high power supply.
- the power supply device 101 has an output capacity of 0.25 W for supplying an output of a voltage of 5 V and a current of 50 mA
- an input of 50 mA that is the same as the output current value is used to drive the circuit function.
- a current is required. That is, the input power is 50 W, and the input power is required 200 times as much as the output power capacity 0.25 W.
- FIG. 4B shows the step of rated voltage applied to the power supply device at time t0 when the current limit value of the constant voltage power supply circuit is set to a current limit I1 that is slightly larger than the input current value Iin required in the steady state. It is a time transition graph of the input current Iin and the output current Io of the constant voltage power supply circuit 130 in the case of supplying. Ib is an input current value at point B of the input terminal 152 of the constant voltage power supply circuit 130, and the time transition of the input current Ib is shown in FIG. The lower part of FIG. 4B also shows the transition of the power supply voltage at point C of the output terminal 153 of the first constant voltage power supply circuit 110 at the same time.
- the capacitor 119 is charged with electricity, and at time t1 when the voltage reaches the voltage V1 at which the switch circuit 129 is closed, the switching type constant voltage power supply circuit 130 is turned on. A necessary current to be driven is supplementally supplied from the capacitor 119.
- the capacitor capacity value required for the capacitor 119 is significantly larger than the limited input current value Iin that peaks at the output current value Io discharged from the capacitor 119 during the period from time t1 to time t2 shown in the graph of FIG. 4B. It is determined by the total charge amount due to the current exceeding, and is a value that can be realized with a capacity of 10 to 100 microfarads.
- the switch circuit 129 maintains the closed state if the input voltage is lowered by the Schmitt trigger circuit but does not become the voltage V2 or less, and shifts to the steady state of the input current Iin.
- the power supply device 101 has an output capacity of 0.25 W with a voltage of 5 V and a current of 50 mA
- the input voltage of the switching type constant voltage power supply circuit 130 is 50 V and the efficiency is 80%
- the constant voltage power supply circuit 130 is required. Since the input current is about 6 mA, the current limit by the constant voltage power supply circuit 110 can be set to 7 mA.
- the photovoltaic power generation voltage is 1000 V
- the input power of the DC stabilized power supply device 101 is 7 W.
- the configuration of this embodiment by setting the input current of the DC stabilized power supply device 101 to a small current value limited by the constant voltage power supply circuit 110, even at the start of power generation that the solar cell 141 generates drastically changes, A necessary current can be reliably supplied to the constant voltage power supply 130. Moreover, since the switching power supply is operated, the efficiency of voltage conversion in the entire DC stabilized power supply apparatus 101 is high, and the necessary power can be stably supplied to the measurement facility when the solar cell is operating.
- the constant voltage power supply circuit is limited to a minimum that requires an input current. Necessary circuit elements and devices can be dispensed with.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the DC stabilized power supply device of the present invention.
- the same components as those in FIGS. 1 and 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the switch circuit 160 uses the input voltage of the DC stabilized power supply device 102 that is the output voltage of the solar cell 141 as the detection input voltage of the voltage detection circuit 161.
- the switch element 163 is closed when the detected voltage is equal to or higher than the voltage value V3, and the switch element 163 is opened by the function of the Schmitt trigger circuit 162 when the detected voltage is equal to or lower than the voltage value V4.
- Others are the same as the description of the first embodiment of FIG.
- the output voltage of the solar cell 141 stops the power generation at night (the output voltage is 0V), and the voltage rises at dawn.
- the voltage rise curve depends on the weather condition and may be unstable during the period until the inverter 140 operates.
- the operation of the measurement facility with solar power generation is not required during a period when the solar cell 141 is not generating power, while it is necessary to operate in a state where the inverter is operating. Therefore, when the voltage of the solar cell 141 rises, it is necessary to supply power from the power supply apparatus 102 at a voltage before the operation of the inverter starts.
- the power generation voltage of a solar cell is determined by the number of solar power generation modules in series and the amount of solar radiation to the solar power generation module, and has the characteristics shown in FIG.
- the generated current and generated voltage are 0, and the characteristic 1, characteristic 2, characteristic 3 and characteristic curve move upward to the right as the amount of solar radiation increases.
- the inverter works with the voltage at which the maximum power is extracted from the solar cell as an operating point, and the voltage is called the rated voltage Vo.
- the maximum voltage when the inverter does not operate and the solar cell is open is about 1.2 to 1.3 times the rated voltage.
- the inverter operating range is usually within ⁇ 20%. Therefore, there is no hindrance to power usage of photovoltaic power generation measuring equipment. Further, since the voltage fluctuation at dawn does not actually measure that the voltage once increased falls to 1/2, if the voltage value V4 for opening the switch element 163 is set to 1/3 of the rated voltage Vo, Once the power supply device 102 operates at dawn, the direct current stabilized power supply device 102 does not stop halfway until power generation ends in the evening.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the time change between the voltage supplied from the solar cell to the power supply device and the current supplied to the inverter when solar power generation starts at dawn and the amount of solar radiation changes greatly until sunset. Yes.
- the input current of the DC stabilized power supply device 102 can be set to a small current value limited by the constant voltage power supply circuit 110, and even at the start of power generation that changes drastically generated by the solar cell 141.
- the switch circuit 160 can reliably supply the necessary current to the constant voltage power supply 130 including the period in which the inverter 140 operates and the periods before and after the period. Moreover, since the switching power supply is operated, the efficiency of voltage conversion in the entire power supply apparatus 101 is good, and the power necessary for the measurement equipment can be stably supplied when the solar cell is operating.
- the high voltage from the solar cell 141 is applied to the first constant voltage power supply circuit 110, the high withstand voltage characteristics between the drain / source of the N-MOS type FETs 113 and 114 are required.
- an inexpensive N-MOS type FET can be used.
- the voltage applied between the drain and source of each N-MOS type FET is supplied by the bias resistors 111 and 112.
- the withstand voltage performance is reduced to 1 ⁇ 2.
- the constant voltage power supply circuit 110 having the constant current control includes the first current limiting circuit 71 by the N-MOS type FET 113 and the second current limiting circuit 72 by the N-MOS type FET 114 in series.
- a single current limiting circuit may be used.
- the current value Im1 limited by the first constant current control circuit 71 is made smaller than the current value Im2 limited by the second constant current control circuit 72, so that the load on the output side has changed greatly. Even in this case, it is possible to maintain a withstand voltage balance between the drain and the source of each of the two N-MOS type FETs. If the current value Im2 limited by the second constant current limiting circuit 72 is smaller, the drain and source of the first constant current limiting circuit 71 are turned on under the condition that the current value is limited by Im2. The voltage applied to the second constant current control circuit 72 increases, which may exceed the allowable value of the withstand voltage performance.
- the DC stabilized power supply apparatus of the present invention can stably supply power necessary for measuring equipment of a solar battery power supply from a power generation voltage of a rapidly changing solar battery, and therefore, a power supply having unstable output power such as a solar battery. It is extremely useful as a stabilized DC power supply device that supplies a required stable voltage by lowering the voltage.
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Abstract
Description
(i)直列型定電圧回路では、電力損失が大きく、回路の発熱対策が必要であり、電流値が多い場合には大きな放熱装置が必要である。
(ii)太陽電池パネルで発電された電力を最小限にして使用することが必要である。
(iii)日の出および日没の前後では、太陽電池の発電電圧が小さく、不安定であり利用できない。
(iv)300V~1000Vの電圧をスイッチング型安定化電源で降圧させるにはスイッチング素子と周辺回路を含め1000V以上の耐圧性能を必要とする。このような耐圧性能を持つ部品は高価である。
(1)太陽電池より得られた直流の入力電圧を降圧し、計測設備等の負荷へ出力する直流安定化電源装置において、前記太陽電池に接続され、かつ定電流制限回路を備えた、直列型で降電圧させる第一の定電圧電源回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路に接続されたスイッチ回路と、前記スイッチ回路に接続された、スイッチング型の第二の定電圧電源回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧を検出する電圧検出回路とを備え、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧を検出し、検出された電圧が第一の判定電圧以上である場合に前記スイッチ回路を閉の状態にして前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に電力を供給し、前記第一の判定電圧より低い第二の判定電圧以下である場合に前記スイッチ回路を開の状態にして前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に供給されている電力を停止することを特徴とする直流安定化電源装置。
(2)前記第一の判定電圧が、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧が安定する定格電圧の4/5以下であり、前記第二の判定電圧が、前記第二の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧が安定する最小入力電圧の6/5以上であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の直流安定化電源装置。
(3)太陽電池より得られた直流の入力電力を降圧し、計測設備等の負荷へ出力する直流安定化電源装置において、前記太陽電池に接続され、かつ定電流制限回路を備えた、直列型で降電圧させる第一の定電圧電源回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路に接続されたスイッチ回路と、前記スイッチ回路に接続された、スイッチング型の第二の定電圧電源回路と、前記太陽電池の発電電圧を検出する電圧検出回路とを備え、前記太陽電池の発電電圧を検出し、検出された電圧が第一の判定電圧以上である場合に前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に電力を供給し、前記第一の判定電圧より低い前記第二の判定電圧以下である場合に前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に供給されている電力を停止するように前記スイッチ回路が作動することを特徴とする直流安定化電源装置。
(4)前記第一の判定電圧が、太陽電池が安定発電している電圧値である定格電圧の2/3~4/5の範囲にあり、前記第二の判定電圧が前記定格電圧の1/3以下であることを特徴とする(3)に記載の直流安定化電源装置。
(5)前記第一の定電圧電源回路によって制限を受ける最大供給電流値が、前記第二の定電圧電源回路によって制限を受ける最大供給電流値の1~1.5倍であることを特徴とする(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の直流安定化電源装置。
(6)前記第一の定電圧電源回路が、ツェナーダイオードとN-MOS型FETにより定電流制限回路で構成されていることを特徴とする(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の直流安定化電源装置。
(7)前記第一の定電圧電源回路が、第一の定電流制御回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧を帰還制御する機能を有する第二の定電流制御回路とからなり、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の入力端子と出力端子の間に印加される高電圧が均等に分圧されていることを特徴とする(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の直流安定化電源装置。
図1は、本発明の直流安定化電源装置の第一実施形態の構成図である。図1において、太陽光発電モジュール142、143、144を直列に接続させた太陽電池141は、日射光の強さに応じて直流電力を出力し、通常、家庭などで使用する商用の交流に変換するインバータ140の入力に供給する。直流安定化電源装置101は、定電流制御を持ち直列型で電圧を降下させる第一の定電圧電源回路110と、電圧検出回路126と電圧値V1以上で閉の状態となり電圧値V2以下で開の状態となるシュミットトリガ回路127とを持つスイッチ回路129と、スイッチング素子131を備えたスイッチング型の第二の定電圧電源回路130とからなる。
図5は、本発明の直流安定化電源装置の第二実施形態の構成図である。図5において、図1および図8と同じ構成要素については同じ符号を用い、説明を省略する。
12 三端子レギュレータ
43 太陽電池電源
45 計測設備
71 定電流制限回路
72 定電流制限回路
101 直流安定化電源装置
102 直流安定化電源装置
110 定電圧電源回路
111 バイアス抵抗
112 バイアス抵抗
113 N-MOS型FET
114 N-MOS型FET
115 ツェナーダイオード
116 ツェナーダイオード
117 電流制限抵抗
118 電流制限抵抗
119 コンデンサ
120 フォトトランジスタ
121 ツェナーダイオード
125 スイッチ
126 電圧検出回路
127 シュミットトリガ回路
129 スイッチ回路
130 定電圧電源回路
131 スイッチング素子
132 三角波発生回路
133 比較器
134 ダイオード
135 インダクタ
138 コンデンサ
136 抵抗
137 抵抗
140 インバータ
141 太陽電池
142 太陽光発電モジュール
143 太陽光発電モジュール
144 太陽光発電モジュール
152 出力端
153 出力端
160 スイッチ回路
161 電圧検出回路
162 シュミットトリガ回路
163 スイッチ素子
Claims (7)
- 太陽電池より得られた直流の入力電圧を降圧し、計測設備等の負荷へ出力する直流安定化電源装置において、前記太陽電池に接続され、かつ定電流制限回路を備えた、直列型で降電圧させる第一の定電圧電源回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路に接続されたスイッチ回路と、前記スイッチ回路に接続された、スイッチング型の第二の定電圧電源回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧を検出する電圧検出回路とを備え、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧を検出し、検出された電圧が第一の判定電圧以上である場合に前記スイッチ回路を閉の状態にして前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に電力を供給し、前記第一の判定電圧より低い第二の判定電圧以下である場合に前記スイッチ回路を開の状態にして前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に供給されている電力を停止することを特徴とする直流安定化電源装置。
- 前記第一の判定電圧が、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧が安定する定格電圧の4/5以下であり、前記第二の判定電圧が、前記第二の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧が安定する最小入力電圧の6/5以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の直流安定化電源装置。
- 太陽電池より得られた直流の入力電力を降圧し、計測設備等の負荷へ出力する直流安定化電源装置において、前記太陽電池に接続され、かつ定電流制限回路を備えた、直列型で降電圧させる第一の定電圧電源回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路に接続されたスイッチ回路と、前記スイッチ回路に接続された、スイッチング型の第二の定電圧電源回路と、前記太陽電池の発電電圧を検出する電圧検出回路とを備え、前記太陽電池の発電電圧を検出し、検出された電圧が第一の判定電圧以上である場合に前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に電力を供給し、前記第一の判定電圧より低い前記第二の判定電圧以下である場合に前記第二の定電圧電源回路より負荷に供給されている電力を停止するように前記スイッチ回路が作動することを特徴とする直流安定化電源装置。
- 前記第一の判定電圧が、太陽電池が安定発電している電圧値である定格電圧の2/3~4/5の範囲にあり、前記第二の判定電圧が前記定格電圧の1/3以下であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の直流安定化電源装置。
- 前記第一の定電圧電源回路によって制限を受ける最大供給電流値が、前記第二の定電圧電源回路によって制限を受ける最大供給電流値の1~1.5倍であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の直流安定化電源装置。
- 前記第一の定電圧電源回路が、ツェナーダイオードとN-MOS型FETにより定電流制限回路で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の直流安定化電源装置。
- 前記第一の定電圧電源回路が、第一の定電流制御回路と、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の出力電圧を帰還制御する機能を有する第二の定電流制御回路とからなり、前記第一の定電圧電源回路の入力端子と出力端子の間に印加される高電圧が均等に分圧されていることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の直流安定化電源装置。
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CN201080003205.5A CN102369496B (zh) | 2010-06-14 | 2010-06-14 | 直流稳定电源装置 |
JP2010536251A JP4630952B1 (ja) | 2010-06-14 | 2010-06-14 | 直流安定化電源装置 |
PCT/JP2010/003925 WO2011158278A1 (ja) | 2010-06-14 | 2010-06-14 | 直流安定化電源装置 |
EP10853165.8A EP2581800A1 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2010-06-14 | Stabilized dc power source device |
US13/133,623 US9007038B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2010-06-14 | Direct-current stabilized power supply device |
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EP (1) | EP2581800A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
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JP2014017962A (ja) * | 2012-07-09 | 2014-01-30 | Denso Corp | 起動回路付半導体装置 |
EP2733564A3 (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-09-03 | Yokogawa Electric Corporation | Two-wire transmitter starter circuit and two-wire transmitter including the same |
JP2015091181A (ja) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-11 | 日東工業株式会社 | 太陽光発電用計測ユニット |
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WO2017209238A1 (ja) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | 株式会社村田製作所 | バッテリモジュール電圧制御装置、バッテリモジュールおよび電源システム |
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Also Published As
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US20130099760A1 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
CN102369496A (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
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CN102369496B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
JP4630952B1 (ja) | 2011-02-09 |
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JPWO2011158278A1 (ja) | 2013-08-15 |
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