WO2011148573A1 - 撮像装置 - Google Patents
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an imaging device, and more particularly to an imaging device that performs fixed-length encoding of image data.
- an imaging apparatus such as a digital still camera and a digital video camera
- compression processing is performed when data that has undergone all image processing in an integrated circuit is recorded in an external recording device such as an SD card.
- an encoding method such as JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) or MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) is used.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that image data compression processing is also applied to pixel signals (RAW data) input from an image sensor. Thereby, even when the number of pixels of the image sensor increases and the load of signal processing increases, this technology reduces the bus bandwidth necessary for writing to and reading from the memory and enables high-speed operation.
- a fixed-length encoding method is employed to guarantee the bus bandwidth and reduce the amount of compression processing.
- the maximum value and the minimum value are calculated from the pixel data of an arbitrary image region, the local dynamic range in the region is obtained, and the value obtained by subtracting the minimum value from all the pixels in the region is Quantization is performed with a quantization width corresponding to the dynamic range. Thereby, fixed-length encoding is performed.
- the pixel data (RAW data) input from the image sensor is subdivided into unit blocks of a small area by fixed-length encoding means, and the average of the image data in the unit block is subdivided.
- the value level is obtained and fixed-length encoded, and the exposure control means calculates the luminance level of the entire image data in the unit block based on the average value level, and takes an image so that the image data becomes a predetermined luminance level. Control the exposure of the device.
- an average value per unit block of an image is separately calculated in addition to fixed-length encoded data obtained by compressing image data, and the exposure amount is controlled based on the average value.
- the image pickup apparatus described in Patent Document 2 reads out the fixed-length encoded data from the memory and displays the image data after performing decompression processing in the same manner as in Patent Document 1, the image pickup apparatus described in Patent Document 1 Similarly, there is a problem that display responsiveness is lacking.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an imaging device capable of improving display responsiveness.
- an imaging device includes an imaging device that generates first image data in response to incident light, and first encoding the first image data by fixed-length encoding.
- a compression unit that generates compressed data, a storage unit that stores the first compressed data, and a decompression that generates first partial decompressed data by decompressing only the first designated data that is part of the first compressed data
- a signal processing unit that generates first partial correction image data by correcting the image quality of the first partial expansion data, and a display unit that displays the first partial correction image data.
- the imaging apparatus decompresses only a part of the compressed data and displays the decompressed data. Accordingly, the imaging device according to one embodiment of the present invention can improve display responsiveness.
- the decompressing unit generates the first partial decompressed data, and then decompresses all of the first compressed data stored in the storage unit to generate first overall decompressed data, and the signal processing The unit may generate first overall corrected image data by correcting the image quality of the first overall decompressed data.
- the imaging apparatus can achieve both high-speed display and large-capacity data processing.
- the compression unit compresses a plurality of pixel data included in the pixel data group to a fixed length for each pixel data group that is a part of the plurality of pixel data included in the first image data.
- Compressed data is generated, and the first designation data may be a part of data included in each of the unit compressed data.
- the imaging apparatus can display an image with reduced resolution at high speed with respect to the captured image data.
- the compression unit calculates bit change information indicating a difference between a predicted value and pixel data of a pixel to be encoded, and calculates a fixed-length quantization value by quantizing the calculated bit change information.
- the unit compressed data includes a reference pixel value that is pixel data used as the predicted value, the quantization value corresponding to the pixel data included in the pixel data group, and quantization information indicating the quantization condition
- the first designation data may include the reference pixel value.
- the reference pixel value is one pixel data included in the pixel data group
- the unit compressed data is a pixel other than the reference pixel value and the one pixel data included in the pixel data group.
- the quantization value corresponding to data and the quantization information may be included.
- the imaging apparatus can display an image obtained by thinning out pixels from captured image data.
- the compression unit may calculate an average value of a plurality of pixel data included in the pixel data group, and the reference pixel value may be the average value.
- the imaging apparatus can display an image with reduced aliasing noise by using information from all the pixels in the pixel data group.
- the pixel data group includes pixel data of a plurality of pixels arranged in succession, and the first designation data is the quantized value corresponding to pixels arranged at equal intervals from the reference pixel value. And may be included.
- the imaging apparatus can display an image with reduced noise.
- Each of the plurality of pixel data is one of pixel data of a plurality of colors
- the unit compressed data includes the reference pixel value for each color
- the first designation data is for each color
- the compression unit calculates the bit change information using a reference pixel value of the same color as the encoding target pixel as the predicted value, and quantizes the calculated bit change information.
- a fixed-length quantization value may be calculated.
- the imaging apparatus can improve display responsiveness to a color image.
- the first imaging element further generates second image data according to incident light
- the compression unit further generates second compressed data by performing fixed length encoding on the second image data
- the storage unit further stores the second compressed data
- the decompression unit further decompresses the second partial decompressed data by decompressing only the second designated data that is a part of the second compressed data.
- the signal processing unit further generates second partial correction image data by correcting the image quality of the second partial decompression data
- the display unit further displays the second partial correction image data.
- the decompression unit generates the first partial decompression data and the second partial decompression data, and then creates the first overall decompression data, and all the second compressed data stored in the storage unit. Stretch A second to generate an entire expanded data by the signal processing section further second may be generated across corrected image data by the image quality correcting the second overall decompressed data.
- the imaging apparatus can improve display responsiveness during continuous shooting.
- the imaging apparatus further calculates a luminance level of the first image data using the first partial decompression data, and an exposure amount of the imaging element so that the first image data becomes a predetermined luminance level. You may provide the exposure control part which controls.
- the imaging apparatus can realize high-speed exposure control.
- the imaging apparatus may further include a focus control unit that calculates a frequency characteristic of pixel data included in the first partial decompression data and performs focus control using the frequency characteristic.
- the imaging apparatus can realize high-speed focus control.
- the first image data may include light-shielded pixel data that is pixel data of a light-shielded pixel, and the compression unit may include a plurality of pixel data included in the pixel data group.
- the first compressed data may be generated by calculating an average value of the plurality of shaded image data for each predetermined number of pixels and encoding the plurality of calculated average values in a fixed length.
- the imaging apparatus can reduce the amount of compressed data while suppressing deterioration in image quality.
- the first image data may include light-shielded pixel data that is pixel data of a light-shielded pixel, and the compression unit may include a plurality of pixel data included in the pixel data group. Calculating the maximum value or the minimum value of the plurality of light-shielded image data for each predetermined number of pixels, and generating the first compressed data by performing a fixed-length encoding of the plurality of calculated minimum values or maximum values. May be.
- the imaging apparatus can reduce the amount of compressed data while suppressing deterioration in image quality.
- the imaging apparatus further includes an AD conversion unit that converts the first image data generated by the imaging element into a digital signal, and the compression unit is converted into a digital signal by the AD conversion unit.
- the first compressed data may be generated by compressing the first image data into a fixed-length code.
- the present invention can be realized not only as such an image pickup apparatus but also as an image processing method using characteristic means included in the image pickup apparatus as steps, or causing a computer to execute such characteristic steps. It can also be realized as a program. Needless to say, such a program can be distributed via a recording medium such as a CD-ROM and a transmission medium such as the Internet.
- the present invention can be realized as a semiconductor integrated circuit (LSI) that realizes part or all of the functions of such an imaging device, or can be realized as an imaging system including such an imaging device.
- LSI semiconductor integrated circuit
- the present invention can provide an imaging apparatus capable of improving display response.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of compression processing and each calculation result according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the compression process according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the number of effective bit digits, the quantization width, and the quantization information of the bit change information according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example of uncompressed data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example of compressed packing data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing an example of uncompressed data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing an example of compressed packing data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the camera signal processing unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating processing timing by the imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram showing an example of uncompressed data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram showing an example of compressed packing data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of compressed packing data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of compressed packing data according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating another example of the timing of processing performed by the imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a modification of the imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a camera signal processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of exposure control processing according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram of a modification of the camera signal processing unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of the integration region according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a camera signal processing unit according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart of focus control processing according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart of compression processing according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of a light shielding region according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of compressed packing data according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram of an imaging system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- Embodiment 1 The imaging apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention decompresses only a part of the compressed data and displays the decompressed data. Accordingly, the imaging device according to one embodiment of the present invention can improve display responsiveness.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an imaging apparatus 50 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- imaging processing function of the imaging apparatus is realized by hardware such as LSI (Large Scale Integration) or a program executed by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like. The same applies to the following embodiments.
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- 1 includes an imaging unit 100, an image signal processing unit 101, a storage unit 102, and a recording storage unit 103.
- the imaging unit 100 includes an imaging device 1, an AFE (Analog Front End) circuit 2, and a compression unit 3.
- the image signal processing unit 101 includes an expansion unit 4, a camera signal processing unit 5, a resolution conversion unit 6, an image encoding unit 7, a video encoder 8, and a memory controller 9. Further, the expansion unit 4, the camera signal processing unit 5, the resolution conversion unit 6, the image encoding unit 7, the video encoder 8, and the memory controller 9 are connected to each other by an internal bus 10.
- the image sensor 1 generates image data 21 according to the incident light.
- the image sensor 1 is a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD (Charge Coupled Devices) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) type image sensor.
- the image sensor 1 generates image data 21 that is an analog signal by converting light incident from a subject through an unillustrated lens block into an electrical signal.
- the AFE 2 generates image data 22 by performing signal processing such as noise removal, signal amplification, and A / D conversion on the image data 21 output from the image sensor 1.
- the compression unit 3 generates compressed data 23 by performing fixed-length encoding on the image data 22 output from the AFE 2.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the compression unit 3 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the processing of the compression unit 3 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the image data 22 includes a plurality of pixel data 22A having a fixed bit width (N bits) corresponding to one pixel.
- the compression unit 3 sequentially receives the pixel data 22A having the fixed bit width.
- the bit width M of the quantized value 29 is 8 bits.
- the compression unit 3 compresses a plurality of pieces of pixel data 22A (pixel data group) into compressed data 23 (hereinafter, compressed packing data 23A (unit compressed data)) obtained by packing the data into a fixed length of S bits.
- the data is output to the processing unit 101.
- the fixed bit S to be set is 64 bits. Note that the fixed bit width N, the bit width M of the quantized value, and the fixed bit S may be determined in advance, and are not limited to the examples shown here.
- the code conversion performed in this embodiment is gray code conversion.
- the reason why the pixel data is gray coded is that the bit change when expressing the approximate data can be suppressed and the compression rate can be increased.
- an exclusive OR is performed on a bit string in which a decimal number is represented by a binary code with a bit adjacent to the upper bit in order from the lower bit. The method is taken.
- FIG. 2 shows, as an example, seven pieces of pixel data 22A compressed into one compressed packing data 23A. Further, it is assumed that pixel data 22A corresponding to each pixel is input in the order of the pixels P1, P2,..., P7. The numerical values shown in the pixels P1 to P7 are signal levels indicated by the corresponding pixel data 22A. Note that the pixel data 22A corresponding to the pixel P1 has an initial pixel value 22B. Here, the initial pixel value 22B is the pixel data 22A that is input first among the pixel data 22A that is packed into one compressed packing data 23A of S bits.
- the prediction value of the encoding target pixel is calculated using the pixel data 22A of the pixel adjacent to the left of the encoding target pixel as an example. That is, it is predicted that the pixel data 22A of the encoding target pixel is likely to be the same pixel data 22A (level) as the pixel input immediately before.
- step S101 the compression unit 3 determines whether or not the input pixel data 22A is the initial pixel value 22B.
- the compression unit 3 stores the received initial pixel value 22B in the internal buffer and transmits the initial pixel value 22B to the packing buffer. To do. And a process transfers to step S110 mentioned later.
- step S102 if the input pixel data 22A is not the initial pixel value 22B (NO in S101), the process proceeds to step S102.
- the compression unit 3 receives the pixel data 22A corresponding to the pixel P1, which has the initial pixel value 22B.
- the compression unit 3 stores the initial pixel value 22B in an internal buffer and transmits the initial pixel value 22B to the packing buffer.
- the compression unit 3 overwrites and stores the received pixel data 22A in the internal buffer.
- the compression unit 3 receives pixel data 22A (encoding target pixel data) corresponding to the pixel P2. Further, it is assumed that the pixel data 22A to be encoded is “220”. In this case, since the received pixel data 22A is not the initial pixel value 22B (NO in S101), the compression unit 3 sets the pixel data 22A of the pixel P2 as a code conversion target.
- the compression unit 3 uses the pixel data 22A one pixel before stored in the internal buffer as a predicted value (S102).
- the predicted value is the value “300” of the pixel data 22A of the pixel P1.
- step S103 the compression unit 3 generates a code 24 by performing gray code conversion processing on the encoding target pixel data and the predicted value.
- the encoded pixel code “N” (“12”)-long gray code 24 is obtained by code conversion. “000010110010” and the predicted value code “000110111010” are calculated.
- step S104 the compression unit 3 calculates bit change information 25 indicating a difference (change) between the encoded pixel code and the prediction value code. Specifically, the compression unit 3 calculates the bit change information 25 by calculating an exclusive OR of the encoded pixel code and the prediction value code. Here, the received encoded pixel code is “000010110010” and the predicted value code is “000110111010”. Therefore, the compression unit 3 calculates the bit change information 25 “000100001000” by calculating the exclusive OR of the encoded pixel code (“000010110010”) and the predicted value code (“000110111010”).
- step S105 the compression unit 3 performs quantization width determination processing.
- the compression unit 3 obtains the number of effective bit digits 26 of the bit change information 25, that is, a bit length necessary for expressing the bit change information 25.
- the effective bit digit number 26 is the number of digits of the lower bits from the relevant bit including the bit first set to “1” when viewed from the upper bit side.
- the bit change information 25 is “000100001000”.
- the effective bit digit number 26 is 9 bits.
- the compression unit 3 sets the quantization width 27 by subtracting the bit width M of the quantization value from the effective bit digit number 26.
- the bit width M of the quantized value is “8”
- the compression unit 3 increases the compression efficiency by determining the quantization width 27 for each group.
- the group includes pixel data 22A having a predetermined number of pixels Pix_G.
- the same group No. 30 is assigned to the pixel data 22A belonging to the same group.
- step S106 If all the quantization widths 27 in the group have not been determined (NO in S106), the compression unit 3 proceeds to step S102, and executes the processing from step S102 to step S105 on the next received pixel data 22A. To do.
- step S107 the compression unit 3 calculates the largest maximum quantization width 28 among the quantization widths 27 corresponding to the pixels having the number of pixels Pix_G in the group.
- the quantization width 27 of the group No. 30 is “1” is “1”, “1”, “0”, the maximum quantization width 28 is “1”.
- the maximum quantization width 28 calculated here is commonly used for all the pixels in the group.
- the compression unit 3 generates quantization information 31 indicating the quantization condition. Specifically, the compression unit 3 generates Q-bit length quantization information 31 by encoding the maximum quantization width 28.
- the bit length Q of the quantization information 31 is “2”.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between the number of effective bit digits 26 of the bit change information 25, the quantization width 27 (maximum quantization width 28), and the Q-bit quantization information 31.
- the maximum quantization width 28 is “1”.
- the quantization information 31 is “01” from FIG. Since the maximum quantization width 28 is zero or a positive number, when the effective bit digit number 26 is smaller than M (“8”), the quantization width 27 is set to “0”.
- step S108 the compression unit 3 generates a quantized value 29 by performing a quantization process on the bit change information 25.
- the compression unit 3 quantizes the bit change information 25 by bit-shifting the bit change information 25 downward by the number of the maximum quantization width 28.
- the maximum quantization width 28 is “1”
- the bit change information 25 is “000100001000”.
- “00010000100” is calculated by bit-shifting “000100001000” downward by the number of the maximum quantization width 28 (“1”).
- the compression unit 3 uses the quantized bit change information “10000100” from the least significant bit to the 8th bit as the quantized value 29 to the packing buffer. Send.
- step S109 the compression unit 3 determines whether or not the quantization process has been completed for all the pixels having the number of pixels Pix_G in the group.
- step S109 If all the quantization processes have not been completed (NO in S109), the compression unit 3 proceeds to step S108, and executes the process of step S108 on the next encoding target pixel data in the same group.
- step S109 when all the quantization processing is completed (YES in step S109), the compression unit 3 proceeds to step S110.
- step S110 the compression unit 3 performs processing for packing the generated data into predetermined S bits.
- the compression unit 3 stores the initial pixel value 22B (P1) in the S-bit length packing buffer, and then sequentially stores the Q-bit length quantization information 31 and the quantization of the encoding target pixels P2 to P4.
- the value 29 is stored in the packing buffer.
- the compression unit 3 proceeds to step S111.
- step S111 the compression unit 3 determines whether or not the compression process has been completed for the pixels having the number of pixels Pix packed into S bits.
- the number of pixels Pix is calculated in advance by the following equation (1).
- step S101 If the compression process has not been completed for the pixels with the number of pixels Pix (NO in S111), the compression unit 3 proceeds to step S101, and then executes the processes after step S101 on the pixel data 22A. In this case, the compression unit 3 performs the processing from step S101 on the pixels P5 to P7 and sequentially stores the generated data in the buffer memory.
- the compression unit 3 outputs the compressed data 23 held in the buffer memory as the compressed packing data 23A in S bit units (S112). Then, the process proceeds to step S113.
- step S113 the compression unit 3 determines whether the compression processing for one image (one screen) has been completed with the output compressed packing data 23A. When all the compression processes for one image are completed (YES in S113), the compression unit 3 ends the compression process. When all the compression processes for one image are not completed (NO in S113), the compression unit 3 Shifting to step S101, the process after step S101 is performed.
- the code 24 of the encoding target pixels P2 to P6 the bit change information 25, the number of effective bit digits 26, the quantization width 27, and the 8-bit quantization value to be packed are calculated. 29 is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing an example of packed 64-bit data when the above compression processing is not performed.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram showing an example of packed 64-bit compressed packing data 23A when the above compression processing is performed.
- 64-bit data is composed of data for five pixels.
- 7-pixel data can be included in the 64-bit compressed packing data 23A by performing compression processing as shown in FIG. 5B.
- the encoded data corresponding to the pixel at a specific location in the image is easily specified. be able to. As a result, there is an advantage that random accessibility to encoded data can be maintained.
- a predicted value may be generated from adjacent pixels having the same color component.
- the pixel array of the encoding target pixel is Bayer array RAW data.
- the RAW data can be divided into an R (red) component, a G (green) component, and a B (blue) component. Therefore, the compressing unit 3 may use the pixel adjacent to the left of the same color instead of the pixel adjacent to the encoding target pixel as the predicted value.
- the quantization accuracy can be increased.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a relationship between pixels used as predicted values in RAW data with a Bayer array.
- the pixel R2 uses the pixel data 22A of the pixel R1 of the same color immediately before (left adjacent) as the predicted value.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing an example of data when the above compression processing is not performed on RAW data with a Bayer array.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating a data example of the compressed packing data 23A when the above-described compression processing is performed on the Bayer array RAW data. 6A and 6B show the data amount for 14 pixels.
- the compressed data 23 from the compression unit 3 is stored in the storage unit 102 via the internal bus 10 and the memory controller 9 and simultaneously sent to the expansion unit 4, and the expansion unit 4 performs the expansion process of the compressed data 23.
- the decompressing unit 4 creates decompressed data 32 by decompressing the compressed data 23.
- the camera signal processing unit 5 generates corrected image data 33 by performing predetermined image processing (image quality correction processing or the like) on the input decompressed data 32 (RAW data), and the generated corrected image data 33 is stored in the internal bus. 10 to the storage unit 102.
- predetermined image processing image quality correction processing or the like
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the camera signal processing unit 5.
- the camera signal processing unit 5 includes a white balance processing circuit 721 (abbreviated as WB in the drawing), a luminance signal generation circuit 722, a color separation circuit 723, and an aperture correction process.
- a circuit 724 (abbreviated as AP in the drawing) and a matrix processing circuit 725 are provided.
- the white balance processing circuit 721 generates a correction signal 731 by correcting the color component by the color filter of the image sensor 1 at a correct ratio so that a white subject is photographed white under any light source.
- the luminance signal generation circuit 722 generates a luminance signal 732 (Y signal) from the RAW data (correction signal 731).
- the color separation circuit 723 generates a color difference signal 733 (Cr / Cb signal) from the RAW data (correction signal 731).
- the aperture correction processing circuit 724 performs processing for adding a high frequency component to the luminance signal 732 generated by the luminance signal generation circuit 722 to make the resolution appear high.
- the matrix processing circuit 725 performs adjustment of the spectral characteristics of the image sensor 1 and the hue balance that has been corrupted by image processing, with respect to the color difference signal 733 generated by the color separation circuit 723.
- the resolution conversion unit 6 performs image enlargement and reduction processing.
- the image encoding unit 7 generates image data by compressing and converting data stored in the storage unit 102 according to a predetermined standard such as JPEG, and outputs the generated image data to the recording storage unit 103.
- the image signal processing unit 101 temporarily stores pixel data to be processed in a memory (storage unit 102) such as SDRAM, and performs predetermined image processing, YC signal generation, zoom processing, and the like on the temporarily stored data.
- a memory such as SDRAM
- the processed data is temporarily stored in the SDRAM again. Therefore, each processing unit is connected through the internal bus 10.
- the video encoder 8 is a display unit that displays an enlarged or reduced image from the resolution conversion unit 6 on an LCD or a monitor.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the timing of each process in the present embodiment.
- the imaging unit 100 performs the capturing process of the image data 22 of the screen A at the rising timing of the reference timing 60, and then generates the compressed data 23 by performing the compressing process on the captured image data 22. Furthermore, the imaging unit 100 stores the generated compressed data 23 in the storage unit 102 (S91).
- the imaging unit 100 sends the compressed data 23 to the decompression unit 4.
- the decompressing unit 4 decompresses only the designated data 40 that is a part of the compressed data 23 to generate partial decompressed data 32A.
- the camera signal processing unit 5 performs camera signal processing (image quality correction processing) on the generated partial decompression data 32A to generate partial correction image data 33A, and the generated partial correction image data 33A is stored in the storage unit 102.
- the designation data 40 is a part of data included in each of the compression packing data 23A. More specifically, for example, the designation data 40 is an initial pixel value 22B.
- the resolution conversion unit 6 reads the partial correction image data 33A stored in the storage unit 102, generates the partial conversion image data 34A by performing zoom processing on the partial correction image data 33A, and generates the generated partial conversion.
- the image data 34A is stored in the storage unit 102 (S93).
- the video encoder 8 displays the partial conversion image data 34A stored in the storage unit 102 (S94).
- the decompression unit 4 reads the compressed data 23 of the screen A from the storage unit 102 (S95), and performs the decompression process on all of the read compressed data 23 to perform the entire decompression. Data 32B is generated.
- the camera signal processing unit 5 performs camera signal processing on the generated overall decompressed data 32B to generate overall corrected image data 33B, and sends the generated overall corrected image data 33B to the storage unit 102 (S96). .
- the resolution conversion unit 6 reads the entire corrected image data 33B from the storage unit 102 after the zoom processing of the partial expansion data 32A is completed (S93). Then, the resolution conversion unit 6 performs resolution conversion processing on the read entire corrected image data 33B to generate the entire converted image data 34B, and stores the generated entire converted image data 34B in the storage unit 102 (S97).
- the image encoding unit 7 generates encoded image data by encoding the entire converted image data 34B stored in the storage unit 102, and records the generated encoded image data in the recording storage unit 103. (S98).
- the image size handled has increased.
- NTSC National Television Broadcast Standardization Committee
- the imaging apparatus 50 can display an image faster than the entire signal processing.
- the part of the data included in the compressed packing data 23A may be specified data 40 related to an arbitrary number of predetermined specified pixels.
- the plurality of pixel data 22A compressed into one compression packing data 23A is the pixel data 22A of a plurality of pixels arranged continuously, the designated pixels are arranged at equal intervals (for example, every other pixel). It may be a pixel.
- the compression unit 3 may compress the pixel data 22A in the order shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. That is, the compression unit 3 continuously compresses only the designated pixels first.
- the decompression unit 4 only needs to decompress the designated data 40 corresponding to the first four pixels (R1, R3, R5, R7, G1, G3, G5, G7) of each color included in one compression packing data 23A. .
- the number of pixels to be partially expanded increases, the amount of information to be expanded can be suppressed to information about 4/7 of the total expansion. This also makes it possible to obtain an image with further reduced noise.
- the compression unit 3 calculates the average value 22C of the pixel data 22A included in the compressed packing data 23A, and uses the average value 22C instead of the initial pixel value 22B as a reference pixel value as a reference. May be used.
- the decompression unit 4 may partially decompress the average value 22C that is the reference pixel value.
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which the timing of each process in this embodiment is different.
- the imaging unit 100 performs the capturing process of the image data 22 of the screen A at the rising timing of the reference timing 60, and then performs the compression process on the captured image data 22.
- the compressed data 23 is generated.
- the imaging unit 100 stores the generated compressed data 23 in the storage unit 102 (S91A).
- Subsequent steps up to step S94A are the same as steps S91 to S94 shown in FIG.
- similar processing S91B to S94B
- S91C to S94C similar processing
- the entire compressed data 23 is accumulated in the storage unit 102 until the above steps S91A to S94C are completed.
- the processes from the entire expansion (S95) to the entire encoding (S98) are repeated for the recorded images. That is, the overall expansion (S95A) to overall encoding (S98A) for screen A, the overall expansion (S95B) to overall encoding (S98B) for screen B, and the overall expansion (S95C) to overall encoding (S98C) for screen C. It is done sequentially.
- the imaging apparatus 50 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention can display an image faster than the entire signal processing. Further, since data is stored in a compressed state in the storage unit 102 such as an SDRAM, the amount of data recorded in the storage unit 102 can be further reduced. In addition, a large amount of information can be stored in the storage unit 102.
- FIG. 12 shows a different form of the first embodiment.
- the compression unit 3 is included in the image signal processing unit 101A, not the imaging unit 100A.
- a part of the image data 22 from the AFE circuit 2 is directly input to the camera signal processing unit 5.
- the display data when the display data is generated, it can be directly processed without going through the decompression unit 4, so that it can be displayed more quickly.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the camera signal processing unit 5A according to the second embodiment.
- the camera signal processing unit 5A shown in FIG. 13 newly includes an exposure control unit 741 in addition to the configuration of the camera signal processing unit 5 shown in FIG.
- the exposure control unit 741 calculates the luminance level of the image data 22 using the partial extension data 32A, and controls the exposure amount (exposure amount) of the image sensor 1 so that the image data 22 has a predetermined luminance level.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a procedure of exposure control processing by the imaging apparatus 50 according to the second embodiment.
- step S201 the decompression unit 4 receives the compression packing data 23A from the compression unit 3.
- step S202 the decompressing unit 4 determines whether each data included in the compressed packing data 23A is the initial pixel value 22B (designated data 40). If the initial pixel value is 22B (Yes in S202), the decompressing unit 4 proceeds to Step S203. If it is not the initial pixel value 22B (No in S202), the process returns to the next compression packing data acquisition step (S201) to acquire the next initial pixel value 22B.
- step S203 the decompressing unit 4 decompresses only the initial pixel value 22B.
- step S204 the expansion unit 4 transfers the expanded initial pixel value 22B to the camera signal processing unit 5A.
- the exposure control unit 741 integrates the acquired initial pixel values 22B (S205).
- step S201 to S204 are repeated until the exposure control unit 741 accumulates the initial pixel value 22B for one screen (S206).
- the exposure control unit 741 determines whether or not the integrated value is higher than the upper limit luminance level (S207). Further, the exposure control unit 741 determines whether or not the integrated value is lower than the lower limit luminance level (S208). That is, the exposure control unit 741 determines whether or not the integrated value is within a predetermined luminance level range.
- the exposure control unit 741 controls the exposure by controlling the image sensor 1 (S209).
- the imaging apparatus 50 ends the exposure control process.
- the imaging device 50 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention can control the exposure amount at the same time as generating the display image.
- the imaging device 50 may include an area selection unit 742 that selects an integration area 750 used for exposure control.
- the region selection unit 742 selects the integration region 750 at the center of the screen shown in FIG.
- the exposure control unit 741 integrates only the luminance value of the initial pixel value 22B included in the integration region 750 selected by the region selection unit 742, and performs the above-described exposure control according to the integrated value.
- the imaging device 50 can adjust the exposure amount according to the brightness of only the integration region 750 at an arbitrary position in the image.
- the reference pixel value may be an average value 22C of the pixel data 22A included in the compressed packing data 23A.
- the imaging device 50 can control the exposure amount based on the average value 22C of the entire packing data.
- the designated data 40 may include a plurality of designated pixels.
- the compressed packing data 23A includes a plurality of designated pixel values as shown in FIG. 9B.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the camera signal processing unit 5C according to the third embodiment.
- the camera signal processing unit 5C illustrated in FIG. 17 newly includes a focus control unit 743 in addition to the configuration of the camera signal processing unit 5 illustrated in FIG.
- the focus control unit 743 calculates the frequency characteristics of the pixel data 22A included in the partial expansion data 32A, and performs focus control using the frequency characteristics.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of focus control processing by the imaging apparatus 50 according to the third embodiment.
- step S301 the decompression unit 4 receives the compression packing data 23A from the compression unit 3.
- step S302 the decompressing unit 4 determines whether each data included in the compressed packing data 23A is a designated pixel value.
- the decompression unit 4 performs decompression processing on the designated pixel value in step S303.
- the process returns to the next compression packing data obtaining step (S301) to obtain the next designated pixel value.
- step S304 the decompressing unit 4 determines whether or not an arbitrary number of designated pixel values have been acquired in the compressed packing data 23A. When an arbitrary number of designated pixel values have been acquired (Yes in S304), the decompression unit 4 proceeds to S305. If an arbitrary number of designated pixel values have not been acquired (No in S304), the decompressing unit 4 returns to Step S302 and decompresses the designated pixel value at the next position.
- step S305 the decompression unit 4 transfers the decompressed pixel data to the camera signal processing unit 5C.
- the camera signal processing unit 5C converts the acquired pixel data into frequency components using, for example, orthogonal transformation (S306). Further, the processes in steps S301 to S306 are repeated until the frequency components for one screen are integrated (S307).
- the focus control unit 743 determines whether or not the integrated value is lower than a predetermined level (S308). When the level is lower than the predetermined frequency component level, the focus control unit 743 controls the focus by controlling the lens position of the image sensor 1 (S309).
- the imaging device 50 ends the focus control process.
- the imaging apparatus 50 can control the focus at the same time as generating the display image.
- the camera signal processing unit 5C may include an area selection unit 742 for selecting an integration area to be used, similarly to the camera signal processing unit 5A shown in FIG. In this case, luminance values based on designated pixel values at arbitrary positions in the image shown in FIG. 16 are integrated, and for example, focus adjustment only at the center of the screen becomes possible.
- the data expanded by the expansion unit 4 may be the initial pixel value 22B or the average value 22C.
- FIG. 19 shows a processing procedure of the imaging apparatus 50 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the compression unit 3 determines whether the encoding target pixel is a pixel in a light-shielded area.
- a general imaging apparatus in order to determine the black level of an image, as shown in FIG.
- the imaging device 50 calculates the average value of the light-shielded pixel data 22D, which is the pixel data 22A of the pixels included in the light-shielded region 751, as a black level, and subtracts the black level from the pixel data 22A of the actual imaged region.
- the level of each pixel is adjusted. Therefore, the necessary data for the light-shielding region 751 may be an average value instead of each pixel level.
- the compression unit 3 When the encoding target pixel data is not the light-shielded pixel data 22D (NO in S401), the compression unit 3 performs the same processing as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 (S415).
- step S402 the compression unit 3 calculates an average value of the light-shielded pixel data 22D of N pixels. In the example illustrated in FIG. 21, the compression unit 3 calculates the average value of the light-shielded pixel data 22D of four pixels.
- the compression unit 3 generates the compressed data 23 by performing a fixed-length encoding on a plurality of calculated average values.
- steps S403 to S414 is the same as the processing in the case where the encoding target is replaced with the average value of N pixels from the pixel data 22A with respect to steps S102 to S113 shown in FIG. Description of is omitted.
- the initial average value 22E shown in FIG. 21 is the average value of the pixels P1 to P4.
- the decompression unit 4 creates the partial decompression data 32A by decompressing only the initial average value 22E.
- the quantized average value 29A is, for example, an average quantized value of four pixels P5 to P8.
- the imaging device 50 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention calculates an average value for the pixel data 22A of the light shielding region 751, and then compresses the average value. As a result, the imaging apparatus 50 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention can reduce the amount of data for the light shielding region 751.
- the compression unit 3 compresses the average value for the light shielding region 751, but the compression unit 3 calculates at least one of the maximum value and the minimum value of the pixel data 22A for each N pixel. Then, the compressed data 23 may be generated by performing fixed length encoding on at least one of the plurality of calculated minimum and maximum values.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an imaging system 500 (for example, a digital still camera (DSC)) according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- an imaging system 500 for example, a digital still camera (DSC)
- An imaging system 500 illustrated in FIG. 22 includes an optical system 501, an image sensor 502, an analog / digital converter (ADC) 503, an image processing circuit 504, a recording / transferring circuit 506, a system control circuit 507, and timing control.
- a circuit 508 and a reproduction circuit 509 are provided.
- the image sensor 502 corresponds to the image sensor 1 shown in FIG. 1
- the ADC 503 corresponds to the AFE circuit 2
- the image processing circuit 504 corresponds to the image signal processing unit 101
- the recording / transfer circuit 506 corresponds to the recording / storing unit. 103.
- the entire imaging system 500 is controlled by a system control circuit 507.
- the subject image incident through the optical system 501 is formed on the image sensor 502.
- the image sensor 502 is driven by the timing control circuit 508 to accumulate optical data of the formed subject image and photoelectrically convert it into an electrical signal.
- the electrical signal read from the image sensor 502 is converted into a digital signal by the analog / digital converter 503 and then input to the image processing circuit 504.
- the image processing circuit 504 performs image processing such as expansion processing, camera signal processing, Y / C processing, edge processing, image enlargement / reduction, and image compression / expansion processing using the present invention.
- the image-processed signal is recorded on a medium or transferred to a network in a recording / transfer circuit 506.
- the recorded or transferred signal is reproduced by the reproduction circuit 509.
- image processing in the image processing circuit 504 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily applied only to a signal based on a subject image formed on the image sensor 502 via the optical system 501, for example, an external device
- the present invention can also be applied to processing of an image signal input as an electrical signal from.
- each processing unit included in the imaging apparatus and imaging system according to Embodiments 1 to 5 is typically realized as an LSI that is an integrated circuit. These may be individually made into one chip, or may be made into one chip so as to include a part or all of them.
- circuits are not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor.
- An FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and setting of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
- the functions of the imaging apparatus and the imaging system according to Embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention may be realized by a processor such as a CPU executing a program.
- the present invention may be the above program or a recording medium on which the above program is recorded.
- the program can be distributed via a transmission medium such as the Internet.
- the present invention can be applied to an imaging apparatus, and can be applied to an apparatus that handles images, such as a digital still camera or a network camera.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態1に係る撮像装置は、圧縮データの一部のみを伸張し、伸張したデータを表示する。これにより、本発明の一形態に係る撮像装置は、表示応答性を向上できる。
ここで、固定ビットSが“64”、量子化情報31のビット長Qが“2”、量子化値29のビット幅Mは8ビットであるため、画素数Pixは式(1)により7画素となる。
実施の形態2では、実施の形態1で説明した、伸張部4及びカメラ信号処理部5の変形例を説明する。
実施の形態3では、実施の形態1で説明した、伸張部4及びカメラ信号処理部5の変形例を説明する。
実施の形態4では、実施の形態1で説明した、圧縮部3及び伸張部4の変形例を説明する。
本発明の実施の形態5では、上述した撮像装置50を含む撮像システム500について説明する。
2 AFE回路
3 圧縮部
4 伸張部
5、5A、5B、5C カメラ信号処理部
6 解像度変換部
7 画像符号化部
8 ビデオエンコーダ
9 メモリコントローラ
10 内部バス
21、22 画像データ
22A 画素データ
22B 初期画素値
22C 平均値
22D 遮光画素データ
22E 初期平均値
23 圧縮データ
23A 圧縮パッキングデータ
24 コード
25 ビット変化情報
26 有効ビット桁数
27 量子化幅
28 最大量子化幅
29 量子化値
29A 量子化平均値
30 グループNo
31 量子化情報
32 伸張データ
32A 部分伸張データ
32B 全体伸張データ
33 補正画像データ
33A 部分補正画像データ
33B 全体補正画像データ
34A 部分変換画像データ
34B 全体変換画像データ
40 指定データ
50、50A 撮像装置
60 基準タイミング
100、100A 撮像部
101、101A 画像信号処理部
102 記憶部
103 記録保存部
500 撮像システム
501 光学系
502 センサ
503 アナログ・デジタル変換器
504 画像処理回路
506 記録転送回路
507 システム制御回路
508 タイミング制御回路
509 再生回路
721 ホワイトバランス処理回路
722 輝度信号生成回路
723 色分離回路
724 アパーチャ補正処理回路
725 マトリクス処理回路
731 補正信号
732 輝度信号
733 色差信号
741 露出制御部
742 領域選択部
743 フォーカス制御部
750 積算領域
751 遮光領域
Claims (14)
- 入射光に応じて第1画像データを生成する撮像素子と、
前記第1画像データを固定長符号化することにより第1圧縮データを生成する圧縮部と、
前記第1圧縮データを記憶する記憶部と、
前記第1圧縮データの一部である第1指定データのみを伸張することにより第1部分伸張データを生成する伸張部と、
前記第1部分伸張データを画質補正することにより第1部分補正画像データを生成する信号処理部と、
前記第1部分補正画像データを表示する表示部とを備える
撮像装置。 - 前記伸張部は、前記第1部分伸張データを生成した後、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第1圧縮データの全てを伸張することにより第1全体伸張データを生成し、
前記信号処理部は、前記第1全体伸張データを画質補正することにより第1全体補正画像データを生成する
請求項1記載の撮像装置。 - 前記圧縮部は、前記第1画像データに含まれる複数の画素データの一部である画素データ群ごとに、当該画素データ群に含まれる複数の画素データを固定長に圧縮することにより単位圧縮データを生成し、
前記第1指定データは、前記単位圧縮データの各々に含まれる一部のデータである
請求項1又は2記載の撮像装置。 - 前記圧縮部は、予測値と符号化対象画素の画素データとの差を示すビット変化情報を算出し、算出した前記ビット変化情報を量子化することにより固定長の量子化値を算出し、
前記単位圧縮データは、前記予測値として用いられる画素データである基準画素値と、前記画素データ群に含まれる画素データに対応する前記量子化値と、前記量子化の条件を示す量子化情報とを含み、
前記第1指定データは、前記基準画素値を含む
請求項3記載の撮像装置。 - 前記基準画素値は、前記画素データ群に含まれる一の画素データであり、
前記単位圧縮データは、前記基準画素値と、前記画素データ群に含まれる、前記一の画素データ以外の画素データに対応する前記量子化値と、前記量子化情報とを含む
請求項4記載の撮像装置。 - 前記圧縮部は、前記画素データ群に含まれる複数の画素データの平均値を算出し、
前記基準画素値は、前記平均値である
請求項4記載の撮像装置。 - 前記画素データ群は、連続して配置された複数の画素の画素データを含み、
前記第1指定データは、前記基準画素値と、等間隔に配置される画素に対応する前記量子化値とを含む
請求項3記載の撮像装置。 - 前記複数の画素データの各々は、複数の色の画素データのうちいずれかであり、
前記単位圧縮データは、色ごとの前記基準画素値を含み、
前記第1指定データは、前記色ごとの基準画素値を含み、
前記圧縮部は、符号化対象画素と同色の基準画素値を前記予測値として用いて、前記ビット変化情報を算出し、算出した前記ビット変化情報を量子化することにより固定長の量子化値を算出する
請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 前期撮像素子は、さらに、入射光に応じて第2画像データを生成し、
前記圧縮部は、さらに、前記第2画像データを固定長符号化することにより第2圧縮データを生成し、
前記記憶部は、さらに、前記第2圧縮データを記憶し、
前記伸張部は、さらに、前記第2の圧縮データの一部である第2指定データのみを伸張することにより第2部分伸張データを生成し、
前記信号処理部は、さらに、前記第2部分伸張データを画質補正することにより第2部分補正画像データを生成し、
前記表示部は、さらに、前記第2部分補正画像データを表示し、
前記伸張部は、前記第1部分伸張データ及び前記第2部分伸張データを共に生成した後、前記第1全体伸張データを生成し、前記記憶部に記憶されている前記第2圧縮データの全てを伸張することにより第2全体伸張データを生成し、
前記信号処理部は、さらに、前記第2全体伸張データを画質補正することにより第2全体補正画像データを生成する
請求項2記載の撮像装置。 - 前記撮像装置は、さらに、
前記第1部分伸張データを用いて前記第1画像データの輝度レベルを算出し、前記第1画像データが所定の輝度レベルとなるように前記撮像素子の露出量を制御する露出制御部を備える
請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 前記撮像装置は、さらに、
前記第1部分伸張データに含まれる画素データの周波数特性を算出し、当該周波数特性を用いてフォーカス制御を行うフォーカス制御部を備える
請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 前記第1画像データは、遮光された画素の画素データである遮光画素データを含み、
前記圧縮部は、前記画素データ群に含まれる複数の画素データが複数の前記遮光画素データである場合、予め定められた画素数ごとに前記複数の遮光画像データの平均値を算出し、複数の算出した平均値を固定長符号化することにより前記第1圧縮データを生成する
請求項3記載の撮像装置。 - 前記第1画像データは、遮光された画素の画素データである遮光画素データを含み、
前記圧縮部は、前記画素データ群に含まれる複数の画素データが複数の前記遮光画素データである場合、予め定められた画素数ごとに前記複数の遮光画像データの最大値又は最小値を算出し、複数の算出した最小値又は最大値を固定長符号化することにより前記第1圧縮データを生成する
請求項3記載の撮像装置。 - 前記撮像装置は、さらに、前記撮像素子により生成された前記第1画像データをデジタル信号に変換するAD変換部を備え、
前記圧縮部は、前記AD変換部によりデジタル信号に変換された前記第1画像データを固定長符号に圧縮することにより前記第1圧縮データを生成する
請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の撮像装置。
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JP2017520941A (ja) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-07-27 | エスゼット ディージェイアイ テクノロジー カンパニー リミテッドSz Dji Technology Co.,Ltd | 画像処理方法及び画像処理装置 |
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WO2015068568A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | Necライティング株式会社 | 撮像装置、有機el素子、撮像方法、プログラムおよび記録媒体 |
JP6467190B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-20 | 2019-02-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 露出制御装置及びその制御方法、撮像装置、プログラム、記憶媒体 |
KR102499187B1 (ko) | 2018-02-12 | 2023-02-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 카메라를 이용하여 획득한 이미지를 압축 처리하는 전자 장치 및 그 동작 방법 |
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