WO2011141591A1 - Modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures or similar - Google Patents

Modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures or similar Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011141591A1
WO2011141591A1 PCT/ES2011/000148 ES2011000148W WO2011141591A1 WO 2011141591 A1 WO2011141591 A1 WO 2011141591A1 ES 2011000148 W ES2011000148 W ES 2011000148W WO 2011141591 A1 WO2011141591 A1 WO 2011141591A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bricks
blocks
tongue
insulating
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2011/000148
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manuel Muñoz Saiz
Original Assignee
Munoz Saiz Manuel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES201000615A external-priority patent/ES2393030B1/en
Application filed by Munoz Saiz Manuel filed Critical Munoz Saiz Manuel
Publication of WO2011141591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011141591A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/021—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of triangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0232—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
    • E04B2002/0234—Angular dovetails

Definitions

  • the consistency of the bonding area is equal to or greater than that of the rest of the brick, block, etc.
  • the modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures and the like of the invention consists in building walls, partitions, enclosures and the like with bricks, panels, blocks, scratches, tiles and the like (2, 2a), tongue and groove vertically and / or horizontally with the bricks, blocks, etc., contiguous by means of the male elements, protruding ribs or tongues in a testa and / or edges and the female elements, channels, grooves or cavities in opposite testas and edges, having the protruding ribs and channels a height or depth between one and two times the width of the brick, block, etc.
  • the projecting nerves and channels can be: a) triangular, wedge or V-shaped (5) and 6) with an angle between 30 ° and 50 °, b) of isosceles trapezoid section with its lateral faces inclined between 5 ° and 30 ° (5a and 6a) and c) of rectangular section (5b and 6b).
  • the bricks can be solid, can have integrated gas, air or hollow microspheres or be crossed with transverse and / or longitudinal holes or perforations. They can be manufactured with insulating or non-insulating materials, preferably using the insulators.
  • the bricks, blocks, etc. are mainly placed with the channels or cavities in the upper edge or upwards, and adhere by means of a consistent adhesive. They can be placed with the cavities in the lower edge or down.
  • the bricks can be straight or curved.
  • the adhesive must provide as much or more consistency than the brick itself.
  • reinforcement plates and complementary parallelepiped elements or tongue and groove extensions may be applied.
  • the through holes or perforations which can be circular, triangular, rectangular or rhomboid, in addition to reducing the weight, material used and serve as insulation, placed vertically are used for the circulation of ascending hot air through its interior and therefore inside of a ventilated facade.
  • the protruding ribs and channels or cavities of triangular section can be defined as triangular prisms, triangular straight prisms or cuffs and can have their striated faces.
  • the projecting ribs or triangular tongues can have their vertices chamfered to avoid the breakage of the bricks in said areas and with certain materials and for expansion and collection of the adhesive.
  • the joints between the side walls of the bricks, blocks, etc. and the protruding V-shaped, trapezoid and rectangular ribs can be produced with a recess or step (10, 10a and 10b) respectively.
  • an expanded polystyrene or polyurethane band or plate or similar material is attached.
  • the brick, block, etc. can be of mixed material, with a half, or a part of standard or traditional material and the other of insulating or semi-insulating material. This is useful in ventilated facades. It can have the hollow central area, or filled with air, or it can have a central element of ceramic or concrete (26), with insulating side cover (18), or an insulating central element of cellular concrete or the like, between two ceramic plates or concrete (27), both can have external coating.
  • a variant subdivides the bricks into two halves or semi-bricks, which: a) They are joined by adhesives determining a monolithic assembly, or b) Sandwich between the semi-bricks a sandwich of anti-vibration elements, thermal insulators, sound-absorbing or insulating, or water-insulating or moisture which together with adhesives create a single piece assembly.
  • a half-brick can be made of insulating or semi-insulating material.
  • the tongue and groove couplings when the materials allow it will be of great precision with little clearance in other cases the insulating material is applied filling and trying to eliminate irregularities produced during cooking or curing on the surfaces, to provide a good coupling between bricks or blocks
  • the coupling surfaces can also be filled and rectified leaving them flat and uniform without differences from a standard pattern to provide a good fit, for this purpose an epoxy resin, rigid polyethylene foams, polystyrene, polyurethane or the like can be used.
  • the grinding can be done when the material is still tender.
  • Cellular concrete or thermo clay can be ground or modified without any other treatment.
  • a variant adds to the bricks or blocks some needles, rods or metal plates on the protruding ribs in the plane of symmetry, which are introduced into holes or crevices of the bricks, blocks, etc. contiguous
  • the needles and plates can also be introduced into a pasty mass placed in the channels of the adjoining brick, which when set will become a single brick.
  • the coating layers can be applied on at least one of the outer surfaces, boards, edges or testes of the bricks, panels, etc.
  • the plaster material is projected on the lateral faces.
  • Perforations or separations between halves or semi-bricks are used as regattas for the passage of facilities, pipes, etc. For this, it may be necessary to use bricks with horizontal perforations and others that have vertical or mixed perforations which will preferably run through the peripheral areas.
  • the bricks of insulating material carry roughnesses or porosities where the insulating material is deposited and adheres and to the smooth surfaces striated are applied.
  • the protruding ribs and deep channels provide great stability even without applying the adhesive; sometimes without the use of rulers or plumbs.
  • a flap valve can be placed on the ventilated facades, which opens when the hot air flow is important, overcoming the weight of the plate or plate.
  • the bricks can be formed by two or more pieces. When they are two pieces, the insulating piece is placed in the innermost part of the building.
  • a variant uses the blocks or bricks formed by two symmetrical halves adhered to each other and with the holes or vertical perforations.
  • tongue and groove hooks which can be of the same material or of insulating or semi-insulating and semi-flexible materials based on polymer, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyethylene foams , polyisocyanurate, depron or the like.
  • the foams will be reinforced with fiberglass or metallic filaments.
  • cellular concrete, thermo clay or similar materials will be used, to which, in addition to the microspheres they carry, synthetic or natural reinforcing fibers can be added.
  • Polystyrene, polyethylene, or similar foam spheres between 5 and 20 millimeters in diameter can be added during manufacturing. Subsequently, the external lateral faces of the bricks can be covered with a resistant and reinforcing insulating material.
  • the mortar or cellular concrete is low cost and in addition to reducing its weight and increasing insulation it can be glued with cement mortar and other adhesives.
  • Polyethylene, polystyrene or polyurethane foam can be used as the base material, covering its outer side faces with a reinforcement material.
  • the bricks, blocks, panels, etc. can be constructed with materials such as: Ceramics, glazed ceramics, porcelain ceramics, insulating liquid ceramics, stoneware, glazed stoneware, glazed stoneware, vermiculite, expanded clay, cement, concrete, mortar, concrete or cellular mortar, polymer concrete, marble, plaster, plasterboard, laminated plasterboard or not reinforced with fiberglass, paper pulp, resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resins, fiber cement, thermo clay, polystyrene, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, foam Polyurethane, polyethylene, polyethylene foam, expanded PVC, polypropylene (fiber), vegetable fibers, cellulosic foam, airgel, silicones, aluminum, fiber or glass wool, glass, gravels, pumice stone, calcium silicate, expanded perlite, slag or rock wool, etc.
  • materials such as: Ceramics, glazed ceramics, porcelain ceramics, insulating liquid ceramics, stoneware, glazed stoneware, glazed stoneware, vermiculite, expanded clay, cement,
  • adhesives the same materials currently used in bricks, panels, etc. To the bricks, panels, etc. they can be applied, on at least one of their faces, a coating layer of plaster, ceramics, enamels, elastomers, vinyl, etc. facilitating the construction of plaster walls, tiling and the like. Insulating adhesives can be used.
  • the bricks, panels, etc. generally large dimensions can be obtained by molding, extrusion, injection, pressing, manually, etc.
  • the foams and liquid materials in general can be applied by projection, immersion, etc.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective and schematic view of a wall partition etc. with brick, panel, etc. of the system of the invention.
  • Figures 2, 13, 16 and 17 show perspective and schematized views of brick variants of the system of the invention.
  • FIGS 3 through 5, 10, 11 and 15 show side and schematic views of variants of bricks, panels, etc. of the system of the invention.
  • Figures 6 to 8, 12, 14, 22 to 26, and 29 to 35 show schematic and sectional views of variants of bricks, panels, etc.
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic side view of a type of semi-brick.
  • Figure 17A shows a schematic side view of a partition wall.
  • Figures 18 and 19 show schematic side and partial views of variants of ways of joining the partitions with the floor and the ceiling.
  • Figure 20 shows a schematic side and partially sectioned view of a variant of brick, panel, etc. of the system of the invention.
  • Figure 21 shows a side, schematic and partial view of a variant of brick, panel, etc. of the system of the invention.
  • Figure 27 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a ventilated facade with the bricks or blocks of the invention.
  • Figure 28 shows a schematic and plan view of a ventilated facade portion.
  • Figures 36 and 37 show schematic and perspective views of variants of partitions, walls, etc.
  • the invention shows a partition or wall (1) constructed with bricks, blocks, etc. (2) of the invention vertically grooved and offset with each other in tambourine rigging with the channels or recesses facing up to prevent loss of the adhesive and in depth to give stability, which carry plaster, enamel, insulating or semi-insulating coatings, etc. ., on its external surfaces (13).
  • the base blocks have the flat bottom edge.
  • the adhesive should provide great consistency, avoiding the weakening of the area.
  • Figure 2 shows the block or brick (2) with its outer surfaces coated with a layer of plaster, enamel, etc., (13), crossed internally with rows of through holes or longitudinal horizontal perforations (4) of rhomboidal section, the channel (5) of acute angle section, V or cuff in the upper edge and the protruding rib or tongue (6) of acute section, V or cuff in the lower edge, tongue and groove with the adjacent bricks.
  • Figure 3 shows the block, brick, panel, etc., (2) without lining, crossed internally with two rows of through holes, perforations or longitudinal alveoli (4) of rectangular and triangular section, the channel (5) of section in acute angle in the upper edge of the brick, and the protruding rib or tongue (6) of acute angle section in the lower edge, the chamfered edges (9) provide consistency to the bricks and are coupled with the adjacent bricks in the recesses ( 10), at the junction of the tabs with the side walls.
  • the recesses (11) provide a chamber with the brick or adjoining panel for adhesive expansion. Using the lateral tongue and groove, the perforations would be vertical and therefore valid for ventilated facades.
  • Figure 4 shows the uncoated block or brick (2), crossed internally with two rows of through holes, perforations or longitudinal alveoli (4) of rectangular and triangular section, the channel (5 a) of isosceles shaped trapezoid section with the flat area (7), the projecting rib or tongue (6a) of the same trapezoid section in the lower edge with the flat area or chamfer (8) and the step or recess (10a).
  • the inclination of the lateral faces of the cavity and the projection of the section in trapezoid with respect to the vertical is between five and thirty degrees.
  • Figure 5 shows the block or brick (2) without coating, crossed internally with two rows of through holes, perforations or longitudinal alveoli (4) of rectangular section, the channel (5b) of rectangular section in the upper edge of the brick with the flat area (7), the projecting rib or tongue (6b) of equally rectangular section in the lower edge with the flat area (8) and the step (10b). This may have a small slack between the tongue and groove elements.
  • Figure 6 shows the block or brick (2) of insulating or semi-insulating concrete or thermo-clay material (18) mixed with reinforcing fibers (3), covered with its boards or side faces with plaster, enamel, etc. (13), the channel (5) with an acute section in the upper edge and the protruding rib or tongue (6) with an acute section in the lower edge, for its tongue and groove with the adjacent blocks or bricks.
  • Figure 7 shows the brick, panel, etc. (2) of insulating or semi-insulating concrete or thermo-clay material (18) with multiple small spheres (46) of polyethylene foam, polystyrene or the like, can be mixed with reinforcing fibers, can be coated externally with the protective and heat insulating layer and the humidity, internal or external (12) and reinforcement, the channel (5) of acute angle section in the upper edge and the protruding rib or tongue (6) of acute angle in the lower part of the brick.
  • Figure 8 shows the brick, panel, etc., (2) without coating, the right half of insulating or semi-insulating material (18), of cellular concrete, thermo-clay or similar material and the left of a traditional material, rhomboid perforations, longitudinal, horizontal or vertical (4), the channel (5) of acute angle section in the upper edge of the brick, and the projecting rib (6) of lower acute angle section, the chamfered edges (9 and 11) and the recesses (10), at the junction of the tongues with the adjacent walls. Placed with vertical perforations serves for ventilated facades.
  • Figure 9 shows half of a brick (29), block, etc. with the perforations (4) and the recess (10), said half is attached glued to an equal and symmetrically to provide a brick in the shape of the brick of the invention.
  • Figure 10 shows a brick, block, etc. (2a) formed by two semi-bricks (29) with perforations (4), chamfers or recesses (9, 10), their outer side faces covered with plaster, enamel or similar coating (13), which are glued with adhesive in its plane of symmetry (47) providing a monolithic brick with the shape of the brick of the invention, it shows the cavity (5) and the projecting rib (6).
  • Figure 11 shows a brick (2a), block, etc. with the perforations (4), formed by two halves or semi-bricks (29), uncoated and separated from each other by the sandwich (14) of multiple thermal, acoustic, moisture and vibration insulating layers, and the channel (5a) of section Isosceles trapezoid in the upper edge of the constituted and protruding brick or tongue (6a) of isosceles trapezoid section in the lower.
  • Figure 12 shows the block or brick (2) with needles, rods or plates vertical (16) and additional grooves (17) that give greater fixation with the adjacent bricks, perforations (4), the channel (5) of acute angled section in the upper edge and the protruding rib (6) of section in acute angle at the bottom.
  • Figure 13 shows the brick (2) with perforations (4), its channel (5a) at the upper edge, the projecting rib or tongue (6a) at the bottom, with the flexible joints (22) on the sides of one of its songs Show your chamfers (7 and 8).
  • the joint 22 can be replaced by a layer of cellular concrete, rigid polyethylene or polystyrene foam, resins, or silicones applied to bricks or blocks made with certain irregularities, said layer is then rectified to achieve uniform flat surfaces and a perfect tongue and groove.
  • Figure 14 shows a brick, panel, etc., (2) of cellular concrete or the like (18), channel in upper edge (5b) with the slit (30), the projecting rib (6b) in the lower one, and the reinforcing plate (23d) that engages in the slit (30) of other bricks.
  • Figure 15 shows two tongue and groove bricks (2) with optional coating layers (13).
  • the inner longitudinal channel (19) is created that gives out or collect the remaining adhesive material. If the adhesive is not insulating, it can only be applied to the sides of the edges to avoid thermal bridges. There may be a small separation between the faces of the bricks that determines a channel between the bricks.
  • Figure 16 shows a curved and hollow brick (2A) with its channel (5) and the protruding rib (6) at its edges.
  • Figure 17 shows a brick (2) of the tongue and groove type on both sides and testas with the upper and lower (5 and 6) and lateral (30 and 31) protruding channels and ribs.
  • Figure 17A shows a partition (1) with the regattas (43), the horizontal ones take advantage of the perforations of the bricks and the vertical ones are perforated as needed or bricks with vertical or mixed perforations are used which are preferably placed peripheral.
  • Figure 18 shows the bricks (2), the lower one cut for adaptation to the floor, of a partition placed between the ceiling (33) and the floor (34), topped off with the insulating material (44a) and the prisms complementary (35 and 36) with striated surfaces, which facilitate their insertion.
  • the insulator (44) eliminates the thermal bridge between floor and partition.
  • Figure 19 shows the bricks (2), the lower one cut and separated from the floor with the insulation (44), of a partition placed between the ceiling (33) and the floor (34), finished off its upper zone with the insulator (44a) and the complementary prisms (36 and 37).
  • Figure 20 shows the brick, block, etc., (2c) the central ceramic or concrete element (26), covered laterally with the insulating material (18) and covered with the layer (13), the channel (5b) in the upper edge of the brick and the protruding nerve (6b).
  • Figure 21 shows the brick, block, etc., (2d) the central element of insulating material (18) which can be cellular concrete, placed between two ceramic or concrete plates (27), with the lining (13) partially shown , the channel (5b) in the upper edge of the brick and the protruding rib or tongue (6b) with the reinforcement plate (23h).
  • the central element of insulating material (18) which can be cellular concrete, placed between two ceramic or concrete plates (27), with the lining (13) partially shown , the channel (5b) in the upper edge of the brick and the protruding rib or tongue (6b) with the reinforcement plate (23h).
  • Figure 22 shows a brick, panel, etc., compact and tongue and groove in V. You can use the layer of protective or insulating material from heat or moisture (12).
  • Figure 23 shows a brick or block (2) formed by two parallel semi-bricks (2a) tongue and groove in each other in (51), which in turn are tongue and groove with the lower and / or upper bricks with the channels (5) and the rib protruding or tongue (6), integrated in them, creating the intermediate air chamber (4v).
  • the innermost seed can be made of heat insulating material or more insulating.
  • Figure 24 shows the brick (2) formed by the two half-bricks (2v), the ventilation channel (4v), the channel (5), the projecting rib (6) the chamfer (9), the recess (10) and the tongue and groove (50).
  • the tongue and groove can be in dovetail as in figure 23.
  • the innermost half-brick can be made of heat insulating material or more insulating.
  • Figure 25 shows the brick or block (2) with the large single hole (4). You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12), which will be placed on the inside of the building.
  • Figure 26 shows the brick or block (2) with the single perforation (4). You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12), which will be placed on the inside of the building.
  • Bricks 22 to 26 can also be manufactured by extrusion by adding subsequently the insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 27 shows the ventilated facade partition (1), formed by the hollow bricks (2v), through which the vertical ducts (4v) are created, with the air inlet (40), the grid (43), and the outlet (41), the air exits through the optional valve (42), which opens when there is a sufficient amount of hot air.
  • Figure 28 shows the ventilated facade (1) formed by the bricks (2) separated by the spacers (52) glued thereto.
  • Figure 29 shows the ventilated facade brick (2) and the spacers (52) between and glued to the half-rails (2v) with the channel and the projecting rib or tongue (5, 6) arranged vertically. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 30 shows the ventilated facade brick (2) and the spacers (52) between and glued to the semi-bricks (2v). It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 31 shows the ventilated façade brick (2) and the tongue and groove separators (53) between the half-rails (2v) channels in said bricks in the form of a light dovetail. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 32 shows the ventilated façade brick (2) and the tongue and groove separators (54) between the half-rails (2v) with the cylindrical projecting ribs of said bricks. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 33 shows the ventilated façade brick (2) and the tongue-and-groove separators (55) between the half-rails (2v) in a projecting ribs in dovetails. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 34 shows the ventilated façade brick (2), with the tongue and groove (2v) with a separator (56) in dovetail on each side. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • Figure 35 shows the ventilated facade brick (2) with the spacers (52) glued between the bricks (2a) each brick with a slit and a projection. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
  • the bricks of figures 23 to 26 and 29 to 35 are coupled vertically or laterally and the tongue and groove separators or elements are placed laterally leaving a vertical chamber or ventilated area, shown as (4v) in figure 27.
  • the bricks of the figures 22 to 26 and those of 29 to 35 can be placed laterally offset between each other and one of them can be insulating.
  • Those of Figures 23 to 24 and 28 to 35 may have one or two of the outer surfaces of the inner half-shells coated with insulating material. The outer seedling may have a smaller thickness.
  • the separating elements (52 to 56) glued or tongue and groove can be of the same material, of thermo-clays, aerated concrete or of insulating or semi-rigid and semi-rigid materials based on foams of polymers, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyurethane or similar reinforced with carbon fiber or silicon or metallic filaments.
  • Figure 36 shows a ventilated wall (1) carrying the perforations.
  • Figure 37 shows a ventilated wall (1) with bricks or blocks in tambourine rigging, tongue and groove laterally by their heads and vertically by their edges, and with perforations (4). Bricks similar to those in Figure 16 are used. You can use the layer of protective or insulating material from heat or moisture (12).
  • the bricks, panels, etc. from figures 3 to 5, 10 to 15, 20, 23, 25 and 26 coupled or tongue and groove laterally and therefore with vertical perforations can be used for ventilated facades.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures or similar, consisting in constructing walls, partitions, enclosures or similar with bricks, panels, blocks, thin hollow bricks, tiles or similar (2, 2a) which are vertically and/or horizontally coupled in a tongue-and-groove manner to the adjacent bricks, blocks, etc. using male elements, i.e. projecting end and/or edge ribs or tongues, and female elements, i.e. opposing end and edge channels, grooves or cavities, said projecting ribs and channels having a height or depth of between one and two times the width of the brick, block, etc. The projecting ribs and the channels can have: a) a triangular wedge- or V-shaped cross-section (5 and 6) with an angle of between 30° and 50°, b) an isosceles trapezoid cross-section with side faces inclined between 5° and 30° (5a and 6a), and c) a rectangular cross-section (5b and 6b). The female elements are positioned facing upwards.

Description

SISTEMA DE CONSTRUCCIÓN MODULAR PARA MUROS, TABIQUES, CERRAMIENTOS Y SIMILARES MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR WALLS, TABIQUES, CLOSURES AND SIMILAR
CAMPO DE LA INVENCION.- En la construcción de muros, tabiques y cerramientos mediante manipostería. FIELD OF THE INVENTION.- In the construction of walls, partitions and enclosures by means of masonry.
ESTADO DE LA TECNICA.- En la actualidad la construcción dé muros y tabiques de los edificios se efectúa principalmente mediante la superposición de ladrillos, paneles, bloques, placas, ramillones, etc., de forma lenta, sucia o cara, necesitando el personal un alto grado de especialización. Con el presente sistema se eliminan o reducen los problemas mencionados.  STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE.- At present, the construction of walls and partitions of the buildings is mainly carried out by superimposing bricks, panels, blocks, plates, ramillones, etc., in a slow, dirty or expensive way, the staff needing a High degree of specialization. With the present system the mentioned problems are eliminated or reduced.
OBJETIVO DE LA INVENCION.  OBJECTIVE OF THE INVENTION
Aportar un sistema de construcción de muros, tabiques, cerramientos, etc. el cual facilita la construcción de un modo sencillo, limpio, económico y rápido.  Provide a system for building walls, partitions, enclosures, etc. which facilitates the construction in a simple, clean, economical and fast way.
Utilizar unos machihembrados de gran profundidad y sin holguras que dan gran estabilidad a los ladrillos, paneles, etc., incluso sin utilizar reglas ni plomadas y usando materiales económicos.  Use tongue grooves of great depth and without clearances that give great stability to the bricks, panels, etc., even without using rulers or plumbing and using economical materials.
Conseguir una unión la cual una vez aplicado el adhesivo la consistencia de la zona de unión es igual o mayor que la del resto del ladrillo, bloque, etc.  Achieve a joint which once the adhesive is applied, the consistency of the bonding area is equal to or greater than that of the rest of the brick, block, etc.
Poder aplicar recubrimientos o revestimientos, aislantes o no, a las paredes exteriores de los ladrillos, paneles, bloques, etc. en la propia fábrica.  Be able to apply coatings or coatings, insulating or not, to the exterior walls of bricks, panels, blocks, etc. In the factory itself.
Fabricar los ladrillos, bloques, etc. con materiales aislantes como el hormigón celular, la termoarcilla, etc., colocándolos sin dificultad y sin necesitar grandes grosores.  Make the bricks, blocks, etc. with insulating materials such as cellular concrete, thermo clay, etc., placing them without difficulty and without needing large thicknesses.
Construir los tabiques con ladrillos, bloques, etc. monopieza o de dos mitades, idénticas o no, con aislantes térmicos, acústicos, de humedad o vibración entre ellos.  Build the partitions with bricks, blocks, etc. single piece or two halves, identical or not, with thermal, acoustic, moisture or vibration insulators between them.
Construir las fachadas ventiladas con ladrillos o bloques sencillos, económicos y seguros, reduciendo el mantenimiento y eliminando los costosos y anclajes metálicos.  Build ventilated facades with bricks or simple, economical and safe blocks, reducing maintenance and eliminating expensive and metal anchors.
DESCRIPCION DE LA INVENCION.- El sistema de construcción modular para muros, tabiques, cerramientos y similares de la invención consiste en construir muros, tabiques, cerramientos y similares con ladrillos, paneles, bloques, rasillones, azulejos y similares (2, 2a), machihembrados vertical y/u horizontalmente con los ladrillos, bloques, etc., contiguos mediante los elementos macho, nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas en unas testas y/o cantos y los elementos hembra, canales, ranuras u oquedades en testas y cantos opuestos, teniendo los nervios sobresalientes y los canales una altura o profundidad de entre una y dos veces el ancho del ladrillo, bloque, etc. Los nervios sobresalientes y canales pueden ser: a) de sección triangular, en cuña o en V ( 5 y 6) con un ángulo entre 30° y 50°, b) de sección de trapecio isósceles con sus caras laterales inclinadas entre 5° y 30° (5a y 6a) y c) de sección rectangular (5b y 6b). Los ladrillos pueden ser macizos, pueden tener integradas microesferas de gas, aire o huecas o estar atravesados con orificios o perforaciones transversales y/o longitudinales. Se pueden fabricar con materiales aislantes o no aislantes, utilizando preferentemente los aislantes. Los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se colocan principalmente con los canales u oquedades en canto superior o hacia arriba, y se adhieren mediante un consistente adhesivo. Se pueden colocar con las oquedades en el canto inferior o hacia abajo. Los ladrillos pueden ser rectos o curvos. El adhesivo debe proporcionar tanta o mas consistencia que la del propio ladrillo. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.- The modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures and the like of the invention consists in building walls, partitions, enclosures and the like with bricks, panels, blocks, scratches, tiles and the like (2, 2a), tongue and groove vertically and / or horizontally with the bricks, blocks, etc., contiguous by means of the male elements, protruding ribs or tongues in a testa and / or edges and the female elements, channels, grooves or cavities in opposite testas and edges, having the protruding ribs and channels a height or depth between one and two times the width of the brick, block, etc. The projecting nerves and channels can be: a) triangular, wedge or V-shaped (5) and 6) with an angle between 30 ° and 50 °, b) of isosceles trapezoid section with its lateral faces inclined between 5 ° and 30 ° (5a and 6a) and c) of rectangular section (5b and 6b). The bricks can be solid, can have integrated gas, air or hollow microspheres or be crossed with transverse and / or longitudinal holes or perforations. They can be manufactured with insulating or non-insulating materials, preferably using the insulators. The bricks, blocks, etc., are mainly placed with the channels or cavities in the upper edge or upwards, and adhere by means of a consistent adhesive. They can be placed with the cavities in the lower edge or down. The bricks can be straight or curved. The adhesive must provide as much or more consistency than the brick itself.
A los ladrillos, bloques, etc., que utilizan nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas de sección rectangular pueden aplicarse unas placas de refuerzo y unos elementos paralelepípedos o prolongaciones complementarias de machihembrado.  To bricks, blocks, etc., which use protruding ribs or tabs of rectangular section, reinforcement plates and complementary parallelepiped elements or tongue and groove extensions may be applied.
Los orificios pasantes o perforaciones, que pueden ser circulares, triangulares, rectangulares o romboidales, además de reducir el peso, material utilizado y servir de aislamiento, colocados verticalmente se utilizan para la circulación del aire caliente ascendente por su interior y por tanto por el interior de una fachada ventilada.  The through holes or perforations, which can be circular, triangular, rectangular or rhomboid, in addition to reducing the weight, material used and serve as insulation, placed vertically are used for the circulation of ascending hot air through its interior and therefore inside of a ventilated facade.
Los nervios sobresalientes y los canales u oquedades de sección triangular pueden definirse como prismas triangulares, prismas rectos triangulares o cufias y pueden tener sus caras estriadas.  The protruding ribs and channels or cavities of triangular section can be defined as triangular prisms, triangular straight prisms or cuffs and can have their striated faces.
Los nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas triangulares pueden tener sus vértices achaflanados para evitar la rotura de los ladrillos en dichas zonas y con ciertos materiales y para expansión y recogida del adhesivo.  The projecting ribs or triangular tongues can have their vertices chamfered to avoid the breakage of the bricks in said areas and with certain materials and for expansion and collection of the adhesive.
Las uniones entre las paredes laterales de los ladrillos, bloques, etc. y los nervios sobresalientes en forma de V, de trapecio y rectangulares se pueden producir con un rebaje o escalón (10, 10a y 10b) respectivamente.  The joints between the side walls of the bricks, blocks, etc. and the protruding V-shaped, trapezoid and rectangular ribs can be produced with a recess or step (10, 10a and 10b) respectively.
Para el aislamiento térmico, acústico, etc. entre el tabique y el techo se pone pegada una banda o placa de poliestireno o poliuretano expandido o material similar.  For thermal, acoustic insulation, etc. between the partition wall and the ceiling, an expanded polystyrene or polyurethane band or plate or similar material is attached.
El ladrillo, bloque, etc., puede ser de material mixto, con una mitad, o una parte de material estándar o tradicional y la otra de material aislante o semiaislante. Esto es útil en fachadas ventiladas. Puede tener la zona central hueca, o llena de aire, o puede tener un elemento central de cerámica u hormigón (26), con cubierta lateral aislante (18), o un elemento central aislante de hormigón celular o similar, entre dos placas de cerámica u hormigón (27), ambos pueden tener revestimiento externo. Una variante subdivide los ladrillos en dos mitades o semiladrillos, los cuales: a) Se unen mediante adhesivos determinando un conjunto monolítico, o b) Intercalan entre los semiladrillos un sandwich de elementos antivibración, aislantes térmicos, aislantes o absorbentes del sonido, o aislantes del agua o de la humedad los cuales unidos con adhesivos crean un conjunto monopieza. Un semiladrillo puede ser de material aislante o semiaislante. The brick, block, etc., can be of mixed material, with a half, or a part of standard or traditional material and the other of insulating or semi-insulating material. This is useful in ventilated facades. It can have the hollow central area, or filled with air, or it can have a central element of ceramic or concrete (26), with insulating side cover (18), or an insulating central element of cellular concrete or the like, between two ceramic plates or concrete (27), both can have external coating. A variant subdivides the bricks into two halves or semi-bricks, which: a) They are joined by adhesives determining a monolithic assembly, or b) Sandwich between the semi-bricks a sandwich of anti-vibration elements, thermal insulators, sound-absorbing or insulating, or water-insulating or moisture which together with adhesives create a single piece assembly. A half-brick can be made of insulating or semi-insulating material.
Preferentemente los acoplamientos por machihembrado cuando los materiales lo permiten serán de gran precisión con poca holgura, en otros casos el material aislante se aplica rellenando y tratando de eliminar irregularidades producidas durante la cocción o curado en las superficies, para proporcionar un buen acoplo entre ladrillos o bloques. También se pueden rellenar y rectificar las superficies de acoplo dejándolas planas y uniformes sin diferencias respecto a un patrón estándar para proporcionar un buen ajuste, para ello puede usarse una resina epoxi, espumas rígidas de polietileno, poliestireno, poliuretano o similares. En algunos casos el rectificado se puede realizar cuando está aún tierno el material. El hormigón celular o la termoarcilla se pueden rectificar o modificar sin ningún otro tratamiento.  Preferably the tongue and groove couplings when the materials allow it will be of great precision with little clearance, in other cases the insulating material is applied filling and trying to eliminate irregularities produced during cooking or curing on the surfaces, to provide a good coupling between bricks or blocks The coupling surfaces can also be filled and rectified leaving them flat and uniform without differences from a standard pattern to provide a good fit, for this purpose an epoxy resin, rigid polyethylene foams, polystyrene, polyurethane or the like can be used. In some cases the grinding can be done when the material is still tender. Cellular concrete or thermo clay can be ground or modified without any other treatment.
También se pueden utilizar los ladrillos con una mayor separación u holgura y mayor cantidad de material adhesivo. Una variante añade a los ladrillos o bloques unas agujas, varillas o placas metálicas sobre los nervios sobresalientes en el plano de simetría, las cuales se introducen en orificios o hendiduras de los ladrillos, bloques, etc. contiguos. Las agujas y placas también se pueden introducir en una masa pastosa colocada en los canales del ladrillo contiguo, la cual al fraguar se transformará en un único ladrillo.  You can also use bricks with a greater separation or clearance and greater amount of adhesive material. A variant adds to the bricks or blocks some needles, rods or metal plates on the protruding ribs in the plane of symmetry, which are introduced into holes or crevices of the bricks, blocks, etc. contiguous The needles and plates can also be introduced into a pasty mass placed in the channels of the adjoining brick, which when set will become a single brick.
Las capas de revestimiento pueden aplicarse en al menos una de las superficies exteriores, tablas, cantos o testas de los ladrillos, paneles, etc. En una variante el material de yeso se proyecta sobre las caras laterales.  The coating layers can be applied on at least one of the outer surfaces, boards, edges or testes of the bricks, panels, etc. In a variant the plaster material is projected on the lateral faces.
Las perforaciones o separaciones entre las mitades o semiladrillos se usan como regatas para el paso de instalaciones, tuberías, etc. Para ello puede ser necesario usar ladrillos con perforaciones horizontales y otros que las tienen verticales o mixtas las cuales discurrirán preferentemente por las zonas periféricas.  Perforations or separations between halves or semi-bricks are used as regattas for the passage of facilities, pipes, etc. For this, it may be necessary to use bricks with horizontal perforations and others that have vertical or mixed perforations which will preferably run through the peripheral areas.
Los ladrillos de material aislante portan unas rugosidades o porosidades en donde se deposita y adhiere el material aislante y a las superficies lisas se les aplican estriados.  The bricks of insulating material carry roughnesses or porosities where the insulating material is deposited and adheres and to the smooth surfaces striated are applied.
Los nervios sobresalientes y los canales de gran profundidad proporcionan gran estabilidad incluso sin aplicar el adhesivo; en ocasiones sin el uso de reglas o plomadas. En las fachadas ventiladas se puede colocar una válvula tipo chapaleta, la cual se abre cuando la corriente de aire caliente es importante, venciendo el peso de la placa o plancha de la misma. Para ello los ladrillos pueden estar formados por dos o más piezas. Cuando son de dos piezas, la pieza aislante se coloca en la zona mas interna del edificio. Se usarán preferentemente ladrillos, bloques o paneles con los orificios pasantes o perforaciones verticales, machihembrados lateral y/o verticalmente con los contiguos; estos pueden fabricarse por extrusión, moldeo, etc. Una variante utiliza los bloques o ladrillos formados por dos mitades simétricas adheridas entre si y con los orificios o perforaciones verticales. A los formados por dos mitades se les añaden y pegan unas varillas o perfiles separadores o se sujetan con unos enganches machihembrados, que pueden ser del mismo material o de materiales aislantes o semiaislantes y semiflexibles a base de espumas de polímeros, poliestireno, poliuretano, polietileno, polisocianurato, depron o similares. Las espumas estarán reforzadas con fibra de vidrio o filamentos metálicos. The protruding ribs and deep channels provide great stability even without applying the adhesive; sometimes without the use of rulers or plumbs. A flap valve can be placed on the ventilated facades, which opens when the hot air flow is important, overcoming the weight of the plate or plate. For this, the bricks can be formed by two or more pieces. When they are two pieces, the insulating piece is placed in the innermost part of the building. Preferably bricks, blocks or panels with through holes or vertical perforations, tongue and groove laterally and / or vertically with adjacent ones; These can be manufactured by extrusion, molding, etc. A variant uses the blocks or bricks formed by two symmetrical halves adhered to each other and with the holes or vertical perforations. To those formed by two halves, they are added and glued by rods or separating profiles or fastened with tongue and groove hooks, which can be of the same material or of insulating or semi-insulating and semi-flexible materials based on polymer, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyethylene foams , polyisocyanurate, depron or the like. The foams will be reinforced with fiberglass or metallic filaments.
Se utilizará preferentemente hormigón celular, termoarcilla o materiales similares, a los cuales además de las microesferas que portan se les puede añadir fibras sintéticas o naturales de refuerzo. Se pueden añadir durante la fabricación esferas de espuma de poliestireno, polietileno, o similares de entre 5 y 20 milímetros de diámetro. Posteriormente las caras laterales externas de los ladrillos pueden recubrirse de un material resistente y aislante de refuerzo. El mortero u hormigón celular es de bajo coste y además de reducir su peso y aumentar el aislamiento puede pegarse con mortero de cemento y otros adhesivos.  Preferably, cellular concrete, thermo clay or similar materials will be used, to which, in addition to the microspheres they carry, synthetic or natural reinforcing fibers can be added. Polystyrene, polyethylene, or similar foam spheres between 5 and 20 millimeters in diameter can be added during manufacturing. Subsequently, the external lateral faces of the bricks can be covered with a resistant and reinforcing insulating material. The mortar or cellular concrete is low cost and in addition to reducing its weight and increasing insulation it can be glued with cement mortar and other adhesives.
Se puede utilizar como material base la espuma de polietileno, poliestireno o poliuretano, recubriendo sus caras laterales externas con un material de refuerzo.  Polyethylene, polystyrene or polyurethane foam can be used as the base material, covering its outer side faces with a reinforcement material.
Los ladrillos, bloques, paneles, etc., pueden construirse con materiales tales como: Cerámica, cerámica vidriada, cerámica porcelánica, cerámica líquida aislante, gres, gres esmaltado, gres vidriado, vermiculita, arcilla expandida, cemento, hormigón, mortero, hormigón o mortero celular, hormigón polimérico, mármol, yeso, cartón yeso, placa de yeso laminado reforzado o no con fibra de vidrio, pasta de papel, resina, resina de epoxi, resinas fenólicas, fibrocemento, termoarcilla, poliestireno, poliestireno expandido, poliuretano, espuma de poliuretano, polietileno, espuma de polietileno, PVC expandido, polipropileno (fibra), fibras vegetales, espuma celulósica, aerogel, siliconas, aluminio, fibra o lana de vidrio, vidrio, gravas, piedra pómez, silicato de calcio, perlita expandida, escoria o lana de roca, etc. y sus mezclas. Como adhesivos se usarán los mismos materiales utilizados actualmente en los ladrillos, paneles, etc. A los ladrillos, paneles, etc. se les puede aplicar, en al menos una de sus caras, una capa de revestimiento de yeso, cerámica, de esmaltes, elastómeros, vinílico, etc. facilitando la construcción en las paredes de yeso, en los alicatados y similares. Pueden usarse adhesivos aislantes. The bricks, blocks, panels, etc., can be constructed with materials such as: Ceramics, glazed ceramics, porcelain ceramics, insulating liquid ceramics, stoneware, glazed stoneware, glazed stoneware, vermiculite, expanded clay, cement, concrete, mortar, concrete or cellular mortar, polymer concrete, marble, plaster, plasterboard, laminated plasterboard or not reinforced with fiberglass, paper pulp, resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resins, fiber cement, thermo clay, polystyrene, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane, foam Polyurethane, polyethylene, polyethylene foam, expanded PVC, polypropylene (fiber), vegetable fibers, cellulosic foam, airgel, silicones, aluminum, fiber or glass wool, glass, gravels, pumice stone, calcium silicate, expanded perlite, slag or rock wool, etc. and their mixtures. As adhesives, the same materials currently used in bricks, panels, etc. To the bricks, panels, etc. they can be applied, on at least one of their faces, a coating layer of plaster, ceramics, enamels, elastomers, vinyl, etc. facilitating the construction of plaster walls, tiling and the like. Insulating adhesives can be used.
Los ladrillos, paneles, etc. generalmente de grandes dimensiones pueden obtenerse por moldeo, extrusión, inyección, prensado, manualmente, etc., las espumas y materiales líquidos en general se pueden aplicar mediante proyección, inmersión, etc.  The bricks, panels, etc. generally large dimensions can be obtained by molding, extrusion, injection, pressing, manually, etc., the foams and liquid materials in general can be applied by projection, immersion, etc.
BREVE DESCRIPCION DE LOS DIBUJOS  BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La figura 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva y esquematizada de un tabique muro etc. con el ladrillo, panel, etc. del sistema de la invención.  Figure 1 shows a perspective and schematic view of a wall partition etc. with brick, panel, etc. of the system of the invention.
Las figuras 2, 13, 16 y 17 muestran vistas en perspectiva y esquematizadas de variantes de ladrillos del sistema de la invención.  Figures 2, 13, 16 and 17 show perspective and schematized views of brick variants of the system of the invention.
Las figuras 3 a la 5, 10, 11 y 15 muestran vistas laterales y esquematizadas de variantes de ladrillos, paneles, etc. del sistema de la invención.  Figures 3 through 5, 10, 11 and 15 show side and schematic views of variants of bricks, panels, etc. of the system of the invention.
Las figuras 6 a la 8, 12, 14, 22 a la 26, y 29 a la 35 muestran vistas esquematizadas y seccionadas de variantes de ladrillos, paneles, etc.  Figures 6 to 8, 12, 14, 22 to 26, and 29 to 35 show schematic and sectional views of variants of bricks, panels, etc.
La figura 9 muestra una vista lateral y esquematizada de un tipo de semiladrillo. La figura 17A muestra una vista lateral y esquematizada de una porción de tabique.  Figure 9 shows a schematic side view of a type of semi-brick. Figure 17A shows a schematic side view of a partition wall.
La figuras 18 y 19 muestran vistas esquematizadas laterales y parciales de variantes de modos de unión de los tabiques con el suelo y con el techo.  Figures 18 and 19 show schematic side and partial views of variants of ways of joining the partitions with the floor and the ceiling.
La figura 20 muestra una vista esquematizada lateral y parcialmente seccionada de una variante de ladrillo, panel, etc. del sistema de la invención.  Figure 20 shows a schematic side and partially sectioned view of a variant of brick, panel, etc. of the system of the invention.
La figura 21 muestra una vista lateral, esquematizada y parcial de una variante de ladrillo, panel, etc. del sistema de la invención.  Figure 21 shows a side, schematic and partial view of a variant of brick, panel, etc. of the system of the invention.
La figura 27 muestra una vista esquematizada y parcialmente seccionada de una fachada ventilada con los ladrillos o bloques de la invención.  Figure 27 shows a schematic and partially sectioned view of a ventilated facade with the bricks or blocks of the invention.
La figura 28 muestra una vista esquematizada y en planta de una porción de fachada ventilada.  Figure 28 shows a schematic and plan view of a ventilated facade portion.
Las figuras 36 y 37 muestran vistas esquematizadas y en perspectiva de variantes de tabiques, muros, etc.  Figures 36 and 37 show schematic and perspective views of variants of partitions, walls, etc.
DESCRIPCION MÁS DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN  MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La invención, figura 1, muestra un tabique o muro (1) construido con ladrillos, bloques, etc. (2) de la invención machihembrados verticalmente y desfasados entre sí en aparejo de panderete con los canales u oquedades hacia arriba para evitar la pérdida del adhesivo y en profundidad para dar estabilidad, los cuales portan recubrimientos de yeso, esmalte, aislante o semiaislante, etc., en sus superficies externas (13). Los bloques de la base tienen el borde inferior plano. El adhesivo debe proporcionarle gran consistencia, evitando el debilitamiento de la zona. The invention, figure 1, shows a partition or wall (1) constructed with bricks, blocks, etc. (2) of the invention vertically grooved and offset with each other in tambourine rigging with the channels or recesses facing up to prevent loss of the adhesive and in depth to give stability, which carry plaster, enamel, insulating or semi-insulating coatings, etc. ., on its external surfaces (13). The base blocks have the flat bottom edge. The adhesive should provide great consistency, avoiding the weakening of the area.
La figura 2 muestra el bloque o ladrillo (2) con sus superficies externas revestidas con una capa de yeso, esmalte, etc., (13), atravesado interiormente con hileras de orificios pasantes o perforaciones horizontales longitudinales (4) de sección romboidal, el canal (5) de sección en ángulo agudo, V o cufia en el canto superior y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6) de sección en ángulo agudo, V o cufia en el canto inferior, machihembrado con los ladrillos contiguos.  Figure 2 shows the block or brick (2) with its outer surfaces coated with a layer of plaster, enamel, etc., (13), crossed internally with rows of through holes or longitudinal horizontal perforations (4) of rhomboidal section, the channel (5) of acute angle section, V or cuff in the upper edge and the protruding rib or tongue (6) of acute section, V or cuff in the lower edge, tongue and groove with the adjacent bricks.
La figura 3 muestra el bloque, ladrillo, panel, etc., (2) sin revestimiento, atravesado interiormente con dos hileras de orificios pasantes, perforaciones o alvéolos longitudinales (4) de sección rectangular y triangular, el canal (5) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto superior del ladrillo, y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto inferior, los bordes (9) achaflanados proporcionan consistencia a los ladrillos y se acoplan con los ladrillos contiguos en los rebajes (10), en la unión de las lengüetas con las paredes laterales. Los rebajes (11) proporcionan una cámara con el ladrillo o panel contiguo para expansión del adhesivo. Usando el machihembrado lateral, las perforaciones serían verticales y por tanto válido para fachadas ventiladas.  Figure 3 shows the block, brick, panel, etc., (2) without lining, crossed internally with two rows of through holes, perforations or longitudinal alveoli (4) of rectangular and triangular section, the channel (5) of section in acute angle in the upper edge of the brick, and the protruding rib or tongue (6) of acute angle section in the lower edge, the chamfered edges (9) provide consistency to the bricks and are coupled with the adjacent bricks in the recesses ( 10), at the junction of the tabs with the side walls. The recesses (11) provide a chamber with the brick or adjoining panel for adhesive expansion. Using the lateral tongue and groove, the perforations would be vertical and therefore valid for ventilated facades.
La figura 4 muestra el bloque o ladrillo (2) sin revestimiento, atravesado interiormente con dos hileras de orificios pasantes, perforaciones o alvéolos longitudinales (4) de sección rectangular y triangular, el canal (5 a) de sección en forma de trapecio isósceles con la zona plana (7), el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6a) de sección igualmente en forma de trapecio en el canto inferior con la zona plana o chaflán (8) y el escalón o rebaje (10a). La inclinación de las caras laterales de la oquedad y del saliente de sección en trapecio respecto a la vertical está entre cinco y treinta grados.  Figure 4 shows the uncoated block or brick (2), crossed internally with two rows of through holes, perforations or longitudinal alveoli (4) of rectangular and triangular section, the channel (5 a) of isosceles shaped trapezoid section with the flat area (7), the projecting rib or tongue (6a) of the same trapezoid section in the lower edge with the flat area or chamfer (8) and the step or recess (10a). The inclination of the lateral faces of the cavity and the projection of the section in trapezoid with respect to the vertical is between five and thirty degrees.
La figura 5 muestra el bloque o ladrillo (2) sin revestimiento, atravesado interiormente con dos hileras de orificios pasantes, perforaciones o alvéolos longitudinales (4) de sección rectangular, el canal (5b) de sección rectangular en el canto superior del ladrillo con la zona plana (7), el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6b) de sección igualmente rectangular en el canto inferior con la zona plana (8) y el escalón (10b). Este puede tener una pequeña holgura entre los elementos de machihembrado.Figure 5 shows the block or brick (2) without coating, crossed internally with two rows of through holes, perforations or longitudinal alveoli (4) of rectangular section, the channel (5b) of rectangular section in the upper edge of the brick with the flat area (7), the projecting rib or tongue (6b) of equally rectangular section in the lower edge with the flat area (8) and the step (10b). This may have a small slack between the tongue and groove elements.
La figura 6 muestra el bloque o ladrillo (2) de material aislante o semiaislante hormigón o termo-arcilla (18) mezclada con fibras de refuerzo (3), revestidas sus tablas o caras laterales con yeso, esmalte, etc. (13), el canal (5) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto superior y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto inferior, para su machihembrado con los bloques o ladrillos contiguos. Figure 6 shows the block or brick (2) of insulating or semi-insulating concrete or thermo-clay material (18) mixed with reinforcing fibers (3), covered with its boards or side faces with plaster, enamel, etc. (13), the channel (5) with an acute section in the upper edge and the protruding rib or tongue (6) with an acute section in the lower edge, for its tongue and groove with the adjacent blocks or bricks.
La figura 7 muestra el ladrillo, panel, etc. (2) de material aislante o semiaislante hormigón o termoarcilla (18) con múltiples pequeñas esferas (46) de espuma de polietileno, poliestireno o similar, puede mezclarse con fibras de refuerzo, puede estar revestido exteriormente con la capa protectora y aislante del calor y la humedad, interna o externa (12) y de refuerzo, el canal (5) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto superior y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6) de ángulo agudo en el inferior del ladrillo.  Figure 7 shows the brick, panel, etc. (2) of insulating or semi-insulating concrete or thermo-clay material (18) with multiple small spheres (46) of polyethylene foam, polystyrene or the like, can be mixed with reinforcing fibers, can be coated externally with the protective and heat insulating layer and the humidity, internal or external (12) and reinforcement, the channel (5) of acute angle section in the upper edge and the protruding rib or tongue (6) of acute angle in the lower part of the brick.
La figura 8 muestra el ladrillo, panel, etc., (2) sin revestimiento, la mitad derecha de material aislante o semiaislante (18), de hormigón celular, termoarcilla o material similar y la izquierda de un material tradicional, las perforaciones romboidales, longitudinales, horizontales o verticales (4), el canal (5) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto superior del ladrillo, y el nervio sobresaliente (6) de sección en ángulo agudo inferior, los bordes (9 y 11) achaflanados y los rebajes (10), en la unión de las lengüetas con las paredes contiguas. Colocada con las perforaciones verticales sirve para las fachadas ventiladas.  Figure 8 shows the brick, panel, etc., (2) without coating, the right half of insulating or semi-insulating material (18), of cellular concrete, thermo-clay or similar material and the left of a traditional material, rhomboid perforations, longitudinal, horizontal or vertical (4), the channel (5) of acute angle section in the upper edge of the brick, and the projecting rib (6) of lower acute angle section, the chamfered edges (9 and 11) and the recesses (10), at the junction of the tongues with the adjacent walls. Placed with vertical perforations serves for ventilated facades.
La figura 9 muestra la mitad de un ladrillo (29), bloque, etc. con las perforaciones (4) y el rebaje (10), dicha mitad se une pegada a una igual y de forma simétrica para proporcionar un ladrillo con la forma del ladrillo de la invención.  Figure 9 shows half of a brick (29), block, etc. with the perforations (4) and the recess (10), said half is attached glued to an equal and symmetrically to provide a brick in the shape of the brick of the invention.
La figura 10 muestra un ladrillo, bloque, etc. (2a) formado por dos semiladrillos (29) con las perforaciones (4), los chaflanes o rebajes (9, 10), recubiertas sus caras laterales externas con el revestimiento de yeso, esmalte o similar (13), que se pegan con adhesivo en su plano de simetría (47) proporcionando un ladrillo monolítico con la forma del ladrillo de la invención, muestra la oquedad (5) y el nervio sobresaliente (6).  Figure 10 shows a brick, block, etc. (2a) formed by two semi-bricks (29) with perforations (4), chamfers or recesses (9, 10), their outer side faces covered with plaster, enamel or similar coating (13), which are glued with adhesive in its plane of symmetry (47) providing a monolithic brick with the shape of the brick of the invention, it shows the cavity (5) and the projecting rib (6).
La figura 11 muestra un ladrillo (2a), bloque, etc. con las perforaciones (4), formado por dos mitades o semiladrillos (29), sin revestimiento y separados entre sí por el sandwich (14) de múltiples capas aislantes térmicas, acústicas, humedad y vibratorias, y el canal (5a) de sección de trapecio isósceles en el canto superior del ladrillo constituido y saliente o lengüeta (6a) de sección de trapecio isósceles en el inferior.  Figure 11 shows a brick (2a), block, etc. with the perforations (4), formed by two halves or semi-bricks (29), uncoated and separated from each other by the sandwich (14) of multiple thermal, acoustic, moisture and vibration insulating layers, and the channel (5a) of section Isosceles trapezoid in the upper edge of the constituted and protruding brick or tongue (6a) of isosceles trapezoid section in the lower.
La figura 12 muestra el bloque o ladrillo (2) con unas agujas, varillas o placas verticales (16) y unas hendiduras (17) adicionales que dan una mayor fijación con los ladrillos contiguos, perforaciones (4), el canal (5) de sección en ángulo agudo en el canto superior y el nervio sobresaliente (6) de sección en ángulo agudo en el inferior. Figure 12 shows the block or brick (2) with needles, rods or plates vertical (16) and additional grooves (17) that give greater fixation with the adjacent bricks, perforations (4), the channel (5) of acute angled section in the upper edge and the protruding rib (6) of section in acute angle at the bottom.
La figura 13 muestra el ladrillo (2) con perforaciones (4), su canal (5a) en canto superior, el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6a) en el inferior, con las juntas flexibles (22) sobre los laterales de uno de sus cantos. Muestra sus chaflanes (7 y 8). La junta 22 puede sustituirse por una capa de hormigón celular, espuma rígida de polietileno o poliestireno, resinas, o siliconas aplicadas a ladrillos o bloques fabricados con ciertas irregularidades, dicha capa se rectifica después para conseguir unas superficies planas uniformes y un machihembrado perfecto.  Figure 13 shows the brick (2) with perforations (4), its channel (5a) at the upper edge, the projecting rib or tongue (6a) at the bottom, with the flexible joints (22) on the sides of one of its songs Show your chamfers (7 and 8). The joint 22 can be replaced by a layer of cellular concrete, rigid polyethylene or polystyrene foam, resins, or silicones applied to bricks or blocks made with certain irregularities, said layer is then rectified to achieve uniform flat surfaces and a perfect tongue and groove.
La figura 14 muestra un ladrillo, panel, etc., (2) de hormigón celular o similar (18), canal en canto superior (5b) con la hendidura (30), el nervio sobresaliente (6b) en el inferior, y la placa de refuerzo (23d) que acopla en la hendidura (30) de otros ladrillos.  Figure 14 shows a brick, panel, etc., (2) of cellular concrete or the like (18), channel in upper edge (5b) with the slit (30), the projecting rib (6b) in the lower one, and the reinforcing plate (23d) that engages in the slit (30) of other bricks.
La figura 15 muestra dos ladrillos machihembrados (2) con la capas de revestimiento opcionales (13). Se crea el canal longitudinal interior (19) que da salida o recogen el material adhesivo sobrante. Si el adhesivo no es aislante se puede aplicar solo en los laterales de los cantos para evitar los puentes térmicos. Puede quedar una pequeña separación entre las caras de los ladrillos que determina un canal entre los ladrillos.  Figure 15 shows two tongue and groove bricks (2) with optional coating layers (13). The inner longitudinal channel (19) is created that gives out or collect the remaining adhesive material. If the adhesive is not insulating, it can only be applied to the sides of the edges to avoid thermal bridges. There may be a small separation between the faces of the bricks that determines a channel between the bricks.
La figura 16 muestra un ladrillo curvo y hueco (2A) con su canal (5) y el nervio sobresaliente (6) en sus cantos.  Figure 16 shows a curved and hollow brick (2A) with its channel (5) and the protruding rib (6) at its edges.
La figura 17 muestra un ladrillo (2) del tipo machihembrados por ambos cantos y testas con los canales y nervios sobresalientes superiores e inferiores (5 y 6) y laterales (30 y 31).  Figure 17 shows a brick (2) of the tongue and groove type on both sides and testas with the upper and lower (5 and 6) and lateral (30 and 31) protruding channels and ribs.
La figura 17A muestra un tabique (1) con las regatas (43) las horizontales aprovechan las perforaciones de los ladrillos y los verticales se perforan según necesidad o se utilizan ladrillos con perforaciones verticales o mixtas las cuales se coloca preferentemente periféricas.  Figure 17A shows a partition (1) with the regattas (43), the horizontal ones take advantage of the perforations of the bricks and the vertical ones are perforated as needed or bricks with vertical or mixed perforations are used which are preferably placed peripheral.
La figura 18 muestra los ladrillos (2), el inferior recortado para su adaptación al suelo, de un tabique colocado entre el techo (33) y el suelo (34), rematada su zona superior con el material aislante (44a) y los prismas complementarios (35 y 36) con superficies estriadas, los cuales facilitan su inserción. El aislante (44) elimina el puente térmico entre suelo y tabique.  Figure 18 shows the bricks (2), the lower one cut for adaptation to the floor, of a partition placed between the ceiling (33) and the floor (34), topped off with the insulating material (44a) and the prisms complementary (35 and 36) with striated surfaces, which facilitate their insertion. The insulator (44) eliminates the thermal bridge between floor and partition.
La figura 19 muestra los ladrillos (2), el inferior recortado y separado del suelo con el aislante (44), de un tabique colocado entre el techo (33) y el suelo (34), rematada su zona superior con el aislante (44a) y los prismas complementarios (36 y 37). Puede usar la capa protectora y aislante del calor y la humedad, interna o externa (12). Figure 19 shows the bricks (2), the lower one cut and separated from the floor with the insulation (44), of a partition placed between the ceiling (33) and the floor (34), finished off its upper zone with the insulator (44a) and the complementary prisms (36 and 37). You can use the protective and insulating layer of heat and humidity, internal or external (12).
La figura 20 muestra el ladrillo, bloque, etc., (2c) el elemento central de cerámica u hormigón (26), cubierto lateralmente con el material aislante (18) y revestidos con la capa (13), el canal (5b) en el canto superior del ladrillo y el nervio sobresaliente (6b).  Figure 20 shows the brick, block, etc., (2c) the central ceramic or concrete element (26), covered laterally with the insulating material (18) and covered with the layer (13), the channel (5b) in the upper edge of the brick and the protruding nerve (6b).
La figura 21 muestra el ladrillo, bloque, etc., (2d) el elemento central de material aislante (18) que puede ser hormigón celular, colocado entre dos placas de cerámica u hormigón (27), con el revestimiento (13) mostrado parcialmente, el canal (5b) en el canto superior del ladrillo y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6b) con la placa de refuerzo (23h).  Figure 21 shows the brick, block, etc., (2d) the central element of insulating material (18) which can be cellular concrete, placed between two ceramic or concrete plates (27), with the lining (13) partially shown , the channel (5b) in the upper edge of the brick and the protruding rib or tongue (6b) with the reinforcement plate (23h).
La figura 22 muestra un ladrillo, panel, etc., compacto y machihembrado en V. Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor o la humedad (12).  Figure 22 shows a brick, panel, etc., compact and tongue and groove in V. You can use the layer of protective or insulating material from heat or moisture (12).
La figura 23 muestra un ladrillo o bloque (2) formado por dos semiladrillos paralelos (2a) machihembrados entre si en (51), que a su vez se machihembran con los ladrillos inferiores y/o superiores con los canales (5) y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6), integrados en los mismos, creando la cámara de aire intermedia (4v). Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor o la humedad (12). Machihembrando los semiladrillos lateralmente con los contiguos con los canales (5) y nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas (6) y los (51) verticalmente, las cámaras de ventilación (4v) también serán verticales y útiles para fachadas ventiladas. El semiladrillo mas interno puede ser de material aislante al calor o mas aislante.  Figure 23 shows a brick or block (2) formed by two parallel semi-bricks (2a) tongue and groove in each other in (51), which in turn are tongue and groove with the lower and / or upper bricks with the channels (5) and the rib protruding or tongue (6), integrated in them, creating the intermediate air chamber (4v). You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12). Machining the semi-bricks laterally with the adjacent ones with the channels (5) and protruding ribs or tabs (6) and the (51) vertically, the ventilation chambers (4v) will also be vertical and useful for ventilated facades. The innermost seed can be made of heat insulating material or more insulating.
La figura 24 muestra el ladrillo (2) formado por los dos semiladrillos (2v), el canal de ventilación (4v), el canal (5), el nervio sobresaliente (6) el chaflán (9), el rebaje (10) y los machihembrados (50). Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor o la humedad (12). Machihembrando (5 y 6) lateralmente es valido para fachadas ventiladas. El machihembrado puede ser en cola de milano como en la figura 23. El semiladrillo mas interno puede ser de material aislante al calor o mas aislante.  Figure 24 shows the brick (2) formed by the two half-bricks (2v), the ventilation channel (4v), the channel (5), the projecting rib (6) the chamfer (9), the recess (10) and the tongue and groove (50). You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12). Machihembrando (5 and 6) laterally is valid for ventilated facades. The tongue and groove can be in dovetail as in figure 23. The innermost half-brick can be made of heat insulating material or more insulating.
La figura 25 muestra el ladrillo o bloque (2) con la gran perforación única (4). Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor y la humedad (12), que se colocará en la cara interna del edificio.  Figure 25 shows the brick or block (2) with the large single hole (4). You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12), which will be placed on the inside of the building.
La figura 26 muestra el ladrillo o bloque (2) con la perforación única (4). Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor o la humedad (12), que se colocará en la cara interna del edificio.  Figure 26 shows the brick or block (2) with the single perforation (4). You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12), which will be placed on the inside of the building.
Los ladrillos 22 al 26 también se pueden fabricar por extrusión añadiendo posteriormente la capa aislante (12). Bricks 22 to 26 can also be manufactured by extrusion by adding subsequently the insulating layer (12).
La figura 27 muestra el tabique (1) de fachada ventilada, formado por los ladrillos huecos (2v), por cuyo interior se crean los conductos verticales (4v), con la entrada de aire (40), la rejilla (43), y la salida (41), el aire sale a través de la válvula opcional (42), la cual abre cuando existe la suficiente cantidad de aire caliente.  Figure 27 shows the ventilated facade partition (1), formed by the hollow bricks (2v), through which the vertical ducts (4v) are created, with the air inlet (40), the grid (43), and the outlet (41), the air exits through the optional valve (42), which opens when there is a sufficient amount of hot air.
La figura 28 muestra la fachada ventilada (1) formada por los ladrillos (2) separados mediante los separadores (52) pegados a los mismos.  Figure 28 shows the ventilated facade (1) formed by the bricks (2) separated by the spacers (52) glued thereto.
La figura 29 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2) y los separadores (52) entre y pegados a los semiladrillos (2v) con el canal y el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (5, 6) dispuestos verticalmente. Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 29 shows the ventilated facade brick (2) and the spacers (52) between and glued to the half-rails (2v) with the channel and the projecting rib or tongue (5, 6) arranged vertically. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
La figura 30 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2) y los separadores (52) entre y pegados a los semiladrillos (2v). Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 30 shows the ventilated facade brick (2) and the spacers (52) between and glued to the semi-bricks (2v). It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
La figura 31 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2) y los separadores (53) machihembrados entre los semiladrillos (2v) canales en dichos ladrillos en forma de una ligera cola de milano. Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 31 shows the ventilated façade brick (2) and the tongue and groove separators (53) between the half-rails (2v) channels in said bricks in the form of a light dovetail. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
La figura 32 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2) y los separadores (54) machihembrados entre los semiladrillos (2v) con los nervios sobresalientes cilindricos de dichos ladrillos. Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 32 shows the ventilated façade brick (2) and the tongue and groove separators (54) between the half-rails (2v) with the cylindrical projecting ribs of said bricks. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
La figura 33 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2) y los separadores (55) machihembrados entre los semiladrillos (2v) en unos nervios sobresalientes en cola de milano. Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 33 shows the ventilated façade brick (2) and the tongue-and-groove separators (55) between the half-rails (2v) in a projecting ribs in dovetails. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
La figura 34 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2), con los semiladrillos (2v) machihembrados con un separador (56) en cola de milano a cada lado. Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 34 shows the ventilated façade brick (2), with the tongue and groove (2v) with a separator (56) in dovetail on each side. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
La figura 35 muestra el ladrillo de fachada ventilada (2) con los separadores (52) pegados entre los ladrillos (2a) cada ladrillo con una hendidura y un saliente. Puede portar la capa protectora y aislante (12).  Figure 35 shows the ventilated facade brick (2) with the spacers (52) glued between the bricks (2a) each brick with a slit and a projection. It can carry the protective and insulating layer (12).
Los ladrillos de las figuras 23 a 26 y 29 a 35 se acoplan vertical o lateralmente y los separadores o elementos de machihembrado se colocan lateralmente dejando una cámara vertical o zona ventilada, mostrada como (4v) en la figura 27. Los ladrillos de las figuras 22 a 26 y los de las 29 a 35 se pueden colocar desfasados lateralmente entre sí y uno de ellos puede ser aislante. Los de las figuras 23 a la 24 y 28 a la 35 pueden tener revestidas de material aislante una o dos de las superficies externas de los semiladrillos interiores. El semiladrillo exterior puede tener menor grosor. Los elementos separadores (52 al 56) pegados o machihembrados pueden ser del mismo material, de termoarcillas, hormigón aireado o de materiales aislantes o semiaislantes y semirígidos a base de espumas de polímeros, poliestireno, polietileno, poliuretano o similares reforzados con fibra de carbono o silicio o filamentos metálicos. The bricks of figures 23 to 26 and 29 to 35 are coupled vertically or laterally and the tongue and groove separators or elements are placed laterally leaving a vertical chamber or ventilated area, shown as (4v) in figure 27. The bricks of the figures 22 to 26 and those of 29 to 35 can be placed laterally offset between each other and one of them can be insulating. Those of Figures 23 to 24 and 28 to 35 may have one or two of the outer surfaces of the inner half-shells coated with insulating material. The outer seedling may have a smaller thickness. The separating elements (52 to 56) glued or tongue and groove can be of the same material, of thermo-clays, aerated concrete or of insulating or semi-rigid and semi-rigid materials based on foams of polymers, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyurethane or similar reinforced with carbon fiber or silicon or metallic filaments.
La figura 36 muestra una pared ventilada (1) portando para ello las perforaciones Figure 36 shows a ventilated wall (1) carrying the perforations.
(4) de los ladrillos o bloques en aparejo de panderete, machihembrados lateralmente por sus testas. Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor o la humedad (12). (4) of bricks or blocks in tambourine rigging, tongue and groove laterally by their heads. You can use the layer of heat or moisture protective or insulating material (12).
La figura 37 muestra una pared ventilada (1) con los ladrillos o bloques en aparejo de panderete, machihembrados lateralmente por sus testas y verticalmente por sus cantos, y con las perforaciones (4). Se usan ladrillos similares a los de la figura 16. Puede usar la capa de material protector o aislante del calor o la humedad (12).  Figure 37 shows a ventilated wall (1) with bricks or blocks in tambourine rigging, tongue and groove laterally by their heads and vertically by their edges, and with perforations (4). Bricks similar to those in Figure 16 are used. You can use the layer of protective or insulating material from heat or moisture (12).
Los ladrillos, paneles, etc. de las figuras 3 a la 5, 10 a la 15, 20, 23, 25 y 26 acoplados o machihembrados lateralmente y por tanto con las perforaciones verticales pueden usarse para fachadas ventiladas.  The bricks, panels, etc. from figures 3 to 5, 10 to 15, 20, 23, 25 and 26 coupled or tongue and groove laterally and therefore with vertical perforations can be used for ventilated facades.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Sistema de construcción modular para muros, tabiques, cerramientos y similares, del tipo que utiliza elementos machihembrados, que consiste en construir muros, tabiques, cerramientos y similares con ladrillos, paneles, bloques, rasillones, azulejos y similares (2, 2a) machihembrados vertical y/u horizontalmente con los ladrillos, bloques, etc., contiguos mediante los elementos macho, nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas en unas testas y/o cantos y los elementos hembra, canales o ranuras u oquedades en testas y cantos opuestos, teniendo los nervios sobresalientes y los canales una altura o profundidad de entre una y dos veces el ancho del ladrillo, bloque, panel, etc., y se adhieren mediante un consistente adhesivo.  1. Modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures and the like, of the type that uses tongue and groove elements, which consists of building walls, partitions, enclosures and the like with bricks, panels, blocks, scratches, tiles and the like (2, 2a) tongue and groove vertically and / or horizontally with the bricks, blocks, etc., contiguous by means of the male elements, protruding ribs or tongues in a testa and / or edges and the female elements, channels or grooves or cavities in opposite testas and edges, having the protruding ribs and channels a height or depth between one and two times the width of the brick, block, panel, etc., and adhere by means of a consistent adhesive.
2. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6) y la oquedad son de sección triangular, en cufia o en V (5) con un ángulo entre 30° y 50°.  2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the projecting rib or tongue (6) and the recess are triangular, cuffed or V-shaped (5) with an angle between 30 ° and 50 °.
3. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6a) y la oquedad (5a) son de sección de trapecio isósceles con sus caras laterales inclinadas entre 5o y 30°. 3. System according to claim 1, wherein the projecting rib or tongue (6a) and the recess (5a) are of isosceles trapezoid section with inclined side faces or between 5 and 30 °.
4. Sistema según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el nervio sobresaliente o lengüeta (6b) y la oquedad (5b) son de sección rectangular.  4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the projecting rib or tongue (6b) and the recess (5b) are rectangular in section.
5. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque solo los cantos de los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se machihembran con los de los ladrillos contiguos.  5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that only the edges of the bricks, blocks, etc., are tongue and groove with those of the adjacent bricks.
6. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque solo las testas de los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se machihembran con las de los ladrillos contiguos.  6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that only the testas of the bricks, blocks, etc., are tongue and groove with those of the adjacent bricks.
7. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque ambos cantos y ambas testas de los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se machihembran con las de los ladrillos contiguos.  7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that both edges and both heads of the bricks, blocks, etc., are tongue and groove with those of the adjacent bricks.
8. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., son macizos.  8. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are solid.
9. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., tienen pequeñas esferas de gas integradas en su composición.  9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., have small gas spheres integrated in their composition.
10. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., están atravesados horizontal o verticalmente con orificios o perforaciones longitudinales circulares, triangulares, rectangulares o romboidales.  10. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are crossed horizontally or vertically with circular, triangular, rectangular or rhomboid longitudinal holes or perforations.
11. Sistema según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se usan para la realización de fachadas ventiladas y están atravesados con perforaciones u orificios verticales los cuales se utilizan para la circulación del aire caliente ascendente por su interior y se machihembran vertical y/o lateralmente. 11. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are used for the realization of ventilated facades and are crossed with perforations or vertical holes which are used for air circulation warm upwards inside and tongue and groove vertically and / or laterally.
12. Sistema según reivindicación 1 y 11, caracterizado por usar ladrillos, bloques, etc., están constituidos por dos semiladrillos las cuales se machihembran entre sí mediante unos enganches machihembrados tipo cola de milano o similar, que portan integradas dichos semiladrillos por su cara interna.  12. System according to claims 1 and 11, characterized by using bricks, blocks, etc., are constituted by two semi-bricks which are tongue and groove together by means of tongue and groove hooks type dovetail or the like, which carry said semiladrillos integrated by their internal face .
13. Sistema según reivindicación 1 y 11, caracterizado por usar ladrillos, bloques, etc., constituidos por dos ladrillos los cuales se machihembran entre sí mediante unos enganches machihembrados tipo cola de milano o similar, que portan integrados los mismos por su cara interna, y porque cada uno de los ladrillos se machihembran independientemente con los ladrillos contiguos.  13. System according to claim 1 and 11, characterized by using bricks, blocks, etc., consisting of two bricks which are tongue and groove together by means of tongue and groove hooks type dovetail or similar, which have integrated them by its internal face, and because each of the bricks is tongue and groove independently with the adjacent bricks.
14. Sistema según reivindicación 1 y 11, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., están formados por dos semiladrillos y están pegados mediante unas varillas o perfiles separadores del mismo material, de termoarcilla, u hormigón celular o de materiales aislantes y semiflexibles a base de espumas de polímeros, poliestireno, polietileno, poliuretano, reforzadas con fibra de vidrio o filamentos metálicos.  14. System according to claims 1 and 11, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are formed by two semi-bricks and are glued by means of separating rods or profiles of the same material, of thermo clay, or cellular concrete or of insulating and semi-flexible materials to Foam base of polymers, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyurethane, reinforced with fiberglass or metallic filaments.
15. Sistema según reivindicación 1 y 11, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se sujetan con unos enganches machihembrados, que son del mismo material, de termoarcilla, u hormigón celular o de materiales aislantes y semiflexibles a base de espumas de polímeros, poliestireno, polietileno reforzadas con fibra de vidrio.  15. System according to claims 1 and 11, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are fastened with tongue and groove hooks, which are of the same material, made of thermo clay, or cellular concrete or of insulating and semi-flexible materials based on polymer foams. , polystyrene, fiberglass reinforced polyethylene.
16. Sistema según reivindicación 1 y 11, caracterizado porque en las fachadas ventiladas se coloca una válvula tipo chapaleta, la cual se abre cuando la corriente de aire caliente es importante, venciendo el peso de la placa o plancha de la misma.  16. System according to claims 1 and 11, characterized in that a flap valve is placed on the ventilated facades, which opens when the hot air flow is important, the weight of the plate or plate thereof being overcome.
17. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se colocan con los canales hacia arriba y los nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas hacia abajo.  17. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are placed with the channels up and the projecting ribs or tabs down.
18. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se colocan con los canales hacia abajo y los nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas hacia arriba.  18. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are placed with the channels down and the projecting ribs or tabs facing up.
19. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque a los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se les aplican unas placas de refuerzo y unos elementos paralelepípedos complementarios de machihembrado.  19. System according to claim 1, characterized in that reinforcing plates and complementary tongue and groove elements are applied to the bricks, blocks, etc.
20. Sistema según reivindicación 1 y 2, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., tienen los nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas triangulares con sus vértices achaflanados. 20. System according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., have protruding ribs or triangular tongues with their chamfered vertices.
21. Sistema según reivindicación 1, 2, 3 y 4, caracterizado porque las uniones entre las paredes laterales de los ladrillos, bloques, etc. y los nervios sobresalientes o lengüetas en forma de V, trapecio y rectangulares se produce con un rebaje o escalón (10, 10a y 10b) respectivamente. 21. System according to claim 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the joints between the side walls of the bricks, blocks, etc. and the protruding ribs or V-shaped, trapezoid and rectangular tabs are produced with a recess or step (10, 10a and 10b) respectively.
22. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque entre los tabiques y el techo se pone pegada una banda o placa de poliestireno expandido, de polietileno, poliuretano.  22. System according to claim 1, characterized in that an expanded polystyrene, polyethene, or polyurethane band or plate is glued between the partitions and the ceiling.
23. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., son de material mixto, con una mitad o una parte de material estándar y la otra de material aislante.  23. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are of mixed material, with a half or a part of standard material and the other of insulating material.
24. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las irregularidades de las superficies de los acoplamientos por machihembrado se rellenan con un material, rectificando posteriormente dichas superficies de acoplo dejándolas planas y uniformes sin diferencias respecto a un patrón estándar.  24. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the irregularities of the surfaces of the tongue and groove couplings are filled with a material, subsequently rectifying said coupling surfaces leaving them flat and uniform without differences with respect to a standard pattern.
25. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque añade a los ladrillos, bloques, etc., unas agujas, varillas o placas metálicas sobre los nervios sobresalientes en su plano de simetría, las cuales se introducen en orificios o hendiduras de los ladrillos, bloques, etc. contiguos.  25. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it adds to the bricks, blocks, etc., needles, rods or metal plates on the protruding ribs in its plane of symmetry, which are introduced into holes or crevices of the bricks, blocks, etc. contiguous
26. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque se aplican capas de revestimiento protector o aislante térmico o de la humedad o acústico a al menos una de las superficies exteriores, tablas, cantos o testas de los ladrillos, paneles, bloques.  26. System according to claim 1, characterized in that layers of protective or thermal or moisture or acoustic insulating coating are applied to at least one of the outer surfaces, boards, edges or testes of the bricks, panels, blocks.
27. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque se aplican proyectadas las capas de revestimiento, yeso, etc., sobre las tablas de los ladrillos, paneles, etc.  27. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating layers, plaster, etc., are projected on the boards of the bricks, panels, etc.
28. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque las superficies de los ladrillos portan unas rugosidades o porosidades en las cuales se deposita y adhiere el material aislante.  28. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the brick surfaces carry roughnesses or porosities in which the insulating material is deposited and adhered.
29. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque a los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se les aplican estriados en sus superficies de pegado.  29. System according to claim 1, characterized in that stripes are applied to the bricks, blocks, etc., on their bonding surfaces.
30. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque para la fabricación de los ladrillos, bloques, etc., y adhesivos se utilizan materiales aislantes.  30. System according to claim 1, characterized in that insulating materials are used for the manufacture of the bricks, blocks, etc., and adhesives.
31. Sistema según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se subdividen en dos mitades o semiladrillos, los cuales se unen mediante un material adhesivo determinando o constituyendo un conjunto monobloque.  31. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are subdivided into two halves or semi-bricks, which are joined by an adhesive material determining or constituting a monobloc assembly.
32. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se subdividen en dos mitades o semiladrillos y entre ellos se coloca y adhiere un sandwich aislante térmico, del agua o humedad, vibración y aislante y absorbente del sonido. 32. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., they are subdivided into two halves or semi-bricks and between them a sandwich insulating thermal, water or moisture, vibration and sound insulating and absorbing is placed and adhered.
33. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., se subdividen en dos mitades o semiladrillos y al menos uno de ellos es aislante.  33. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are subdivided into two halves or semi-bricks and at least one of them is insulating.
34. Sistema según reivindicación 1, 10, 11 y 31 caracterizado porque las perforaciones de los ladrillos y las separaciones entre los semiladrillos se usan como regatas para el paso de instalaciones, tuberías, etc., usando ladrillos con perforaciones horizontales y otros que las tienen verticales o mixtas las cuales discurrirán preferentemente por las zonas periféricas de los ladrillos, bloques, etc.  34. System according to claim 1, 10, 11 and 31 characterized in that the perforations of the bricks and the separations between the semi-bricks are used as regattas for the passage of installations, pipes, etc., using bricks with horizontal perforations and others that have them vertical or mixed which will run preferably through the peripheral areas of the bricks, blocks, etc.
35. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, bloques, etc., son curvos.  35. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, blocks, etc., are curved.
36. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque se deja una pequeña separación entre las caras de los ladrillos o bloques que determina un canal lateral.  36. System according to claim 1, characterized in that a small separation is left between the faces of the bricks or blocks that determines a lateral channel.
37. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el ladrillo, bloque, etc., tiene un elemento central de cerámica u hormigón (26), cubierto lateralmente con unas placas aislantes (18) y sobre estas unos revestimientos (13).  37. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the brick, block, etc., has a central element of ceramic or concrete (26), covered laterally with insulating plates (18) and on these some coverings (13).
38. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el ladrillo, bloque, etc., tiene un elemento central de material aislante (18) como el hormigón celular o termoarcilla, colocado entre dos placas de cerámica u hormigón (27).  38. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the brick, block, etc., has a central element of insulating material (18) such as cellular or thermo-clay concrete, placed between two ceramic or concrete plates (27).
39. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado por utilizar como material de los ladrillos, bloques, etc., cerámica, cerámica vidriada, cerámica porcelánica, cerámica líquida aislante, gres, gres esmaltado, gres vidriado, vermiculita, arcilla expandida, cemento, hormigón, mortero, hormigón o mortero celular, hormigón polimérico, mármol, yeso, cartón yeso, placa de yeso laminado, yeso laminado reforzado con fibra de vidrio, pasta de papel, resina, resina de epoxi, resinas fenólicas, fibrocemento, termoarcilla, poliestireno, poliestireno expandido, poliuretano, espuma de poliuretano, polietileno, espuma de polietileno, PVC expandido, polisocianurato, polipropileno (fibra), fibras o virutas vegetales, espuma celulósica, aerogel, siliconas, aluminio, fibra o lana de vidrio, vidrio, gravas, piedra pómez, silicato de calcio, perlita expandida, escoria o lana de roca y sus mezclas, las espumas reforzadas con fibra de carbono o silicio o con filamentos metálicos.  39. System according to claim 1, characterized by using as a material of the bricks, blocks, etc., ceramics, glazed ceramics, porcelain ceramics, insulating liquid ceramics, stoneware, enameled stoneware, glazed stoneware, vermiculite, expanded clay, cement, concrete, mortar, concrete or cellular mortar, polymer concrete, marble, plaster, plasterboard, laminated plasterboard, fiberglass reinforced laminated plaster, paper pulp, resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resins, fiber cement, thermo clay, polystyrene, polystyrene expanded, polyurethane, polyurethane foam, polyethylene, polyethylene foam, expanded PVC, polyisocyanurate, polypropylene (fiber), vegetable fibers or shavings, cellulosic foam, airgel, silicones, aluminum, fiber or glass wool, glass, gravels, pumice stone , calcium silicate, expanded perlite, slag or rock wool and mixtures thereof, foams reinforced with carbon fiber or silicon or with metallic filaments.
40. Sistema según reivindicación 32, caracterizado porque al hormigón celular o termoarcilla se le añade durante la fabricación pequeñas esferas de espuma de poliestireno, polietileno o material similar de entre 5 y 20 milímetros de diámetro, cuyas caras laterales externas se recubren después de un material de refuerzo. 40. System according to claim 32, characterized in that small spheres of foam are added to the cellular or thermo clay concrete polystyrene, polyethylene or similar material between 5 and 20 millimeters in diameter, whose outer side faces are coated after a reinforcing material.
41. Sistema según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los ladrillos, paneles, etc. se obtienen por moldeo, extrusión, inyección, prensado o manualmente, y las espumas y materiales líquidos en general se aplican mediante proyección o inmersión.  41. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bricks, panels, etc. they are obtained by molding, extrusion, injection, pressing or manually, and the foams and liquid materials in general are applied by projection or immersion.
PCT/ES2011/000148 2010-05-10 2011-04-12 Modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures or similar WO2011141591A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201000615A ES2393030B1 (en) 2010-05-10 2010-05-10 MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR WALLS, TABIQUES, CLOSURES AND SIMILAR
ESP20100615 2010-05-10
ES201100430 2011-04-11
ESP201100430 2011-04-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011141591A1 true WO2011141591A1 (en) 2011-11-17

Family

ID=44913983

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2011/000148 WO2011141591A1 (en) 2010-05-10 2011-04-12 Modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures or similar

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2011141591A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2409095A2 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-24 Cto Estudios Y Proyectos S.L. Prefabricated part for the construction of a separating element and separator element (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2409183A2 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-25 Cto Estudios Y Proyectos S.L. Separator element and method of construction of the separator element (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US9617731B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2017-04-11 U.S. Farathane Corporation Modular wall system and kit incorporating extruded end interlocking portions in addition to base support track molding and attachable top cap

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1131437A (en) * 1913-11-11 1915-03-09 Peter J A Stockmann Molded wall and column structure.
US2334113A (en) * 1942-02-16 1943-11-09 Charles B Malarkey Door construction
US3186130A (en) * 1961-07-19 1965-06-01 William C Gray Building block sealing construction
ES1052170U (en) * 2002-05-31 2002-11-16 Ceramicas Casao S A Construction element. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES1052257U (en) * 2002-05-16 2002-12-01 Hilayes S L Construction part. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
DE10131248A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-23 Kronotec Ag Building plate e.g. floor panel has glue-filled cushion in groove of one tongued and groove panel which is split to spread its contents when tongue of other panel is inserted
ES1053239U (en) * 2002-11-05 2003-03-16 Anton Jose Antonio Cascales Prefabricated component. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES1060459U (en) * 2005-06-07 2005-09-16 Hilayes, S.L. Construction part. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US20070199273A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2007-08-30 Rongxun Wang Block For Forming Wall And The Wall Thus Formed

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1131437A (en) * 1913-11-11 1915-03-09 Peter J A Stockmann Molded wall and column structure.
US2334113A (en) * 1942-02-16 1943-11-09 Charles B Malarkey Door construction
US3186130A (en) * 1961-07-19 1965-06-01 William C Gray Building block sealing construction
DE10131248A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-23 Kronotec Ag Building plate e.g. floor panel has glue-filled cushion in groove of one tongued and groove panel which is split to spread its contents when tongue of other panel is inserted
ES1052257U (en) * 2002-05-16 2002-12-01 Hilayes S L Construction part. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES1052170U (en) * 2002-05-31 2002-11-16 Ceramicas Casao S A Construction element. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES1053239U (en) * 2002-11-05 2003-03-16 Anton Jose Antonio Cascales Prefabricated component. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
US20070199273A1 (en) * 2003-09-23 2007-08-30 Rongxun Wang Block For Forming Wall And The Wall Thus Formed
ES1060459U (en) * 2005-06-07 2005-09-16 Hilayes, S.L. Construction part. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2409095A2 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-24 Cto Estudios Y Proyectos S.L. Prefabricated part for the construction of a separating element and separator element (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2409183A2 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-25 Cto Estudios Y Proyectos S.L. Separator element and method of construction of the separator element (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
ES2409183R1 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-07-15 Cto Estudios Y Proyectos S L Separator element and method of construction of the separator element
ES2409095R1 (en) * 2011-12-19 2013-07-17 Cto Estudios Y Proyectos S L Prefabricated part for the construction of a separator element and separator element
US9617731B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2017-04-11 U.S. Farathane Corporation Modular wall system and kit incorporating extruded end interlocking portions in addition to base support track molding and attachable top cap

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ES2398555B1 (en) BLOCK FOR CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD WITH SUCH BLOCK.
US8887466B2 (en) System for constructing walls using blocks equipped with coupling means
EP3310975B1 (en) Precast building block, modular element with optimized geometry, process for obtaining the modular element, construction, method for obtaining a building by assembling the modular elements
RU2008149771A (en) STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS AND WAYS OF THEIR APPLICATION
DK2536891T3 (en) Energy and weight efficient building block, manufacturing and application method thereof
US20100095619A1 (en) Tile
WO2011141591A1 (en) Modular construction system for walls, partitions, enclosures or similar
US2234797A (en) Slab construction
US2250319A (en) Building wall
ITPD20090267A1 (en) PANEL FOR THE CREATION OF VENTILATED FACADES
ES2958753T3 (en) Building Blocks Set
WO2014033333A1 (en) System for the construction of formwork, partitions, screed panels and walls for dwellings and the like
ES2393030B1 (en) MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR WALLS, TABIQUES, CLOSURES AND SIMILAR
ES2595511B1 (en) Insulating block for the erection of walls
ES2690410B1 (en) Modular construction system for partitions, walls, ventilated or insulated facades
KR100863496B1 (en) Prefabricated light weight panel
CN111236497B (en) Partition wall and interior heat preservation outer wall connection structure
RU2377371C1 (en) Hollow-porous ceramic brick-block for construction of homogenous walls and work procedure
RU173981U1 (en) BUILDING CERAMIC BLOCK
US20060016143A1 (en) Insulated tile and stone block wall
RU2164276C2 (en) Large hollow drip stone
US2154754A (en) Building block and wall structure
ES2233150B2 (en) CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR THE INSTALLATION OF ELEVATED DIVISORY ELEMENTS ACOUSTIC INSULATION.
WO2004072400A1 (en) Multi-purpose integrated thermoacoustic brickwork
US1507912A (en) Building construction

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11780239

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11780239

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1