RU173981U1 - BUILDING CERAMIC BLOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to the construction of blocks, as well as bricks or stones, and can be used in the erection of capital walls of buildings and structures. A building ceramic block based on a rectangular parallelepiped, with spoon, pin and bed faces, equipped with through holes in the body of a rectangular parallelepiped, parallel to the spoon faces, and contains two grooves. These grooves are located along the spoon faces and are intended for laying insulation. The grooves are made in such a way that in the cross section the building ceramic block is two U-shaped elements having a common adjacent wall, one of which is inverted relative to the other. The first groove is open from the side of one bed side, the second groove is open from the side of another bed side. In this case, both grooves are open from both bonded faces and are made with flat walls and a bottom. The external face of the bottom of each groove coincides with the corresponding pastel face, spoon faces from the outside are ribbed.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to the construction of blocks, as well as bricks or stones, and can be used in the construction of capital walls of buildings and structures.

The prior art knows the technical solution related to the production of hollow products. It can be used in the production of silicate and ceramic bricks, as well as hollow block products from foam concrete and other mixtures. The wall stone has partitions on the bed sides and through holes of a rectangular section. Insulation liners made of reed or cork are tightly installed in the voids. The voids on both sides are covered with metal covers. Non-through voids are made in cross section in the form of a truncated cone, their lower expanded part is pneumatically connected by vertical openings to the atmosphere (see patent RU 2352733 C1, published on 04/20/2009).

The prior art building block for spoon masonry, which in shape is a rectangular parallelepiped with spoon, poke and bed edges, with vertical holes in the block. On each of the bonded faces perpendicular to the bed faces, recesses are formed to form, when laying together with the corresponding recess of the adjacent block, at least one vertical hole. At least one of the recesses on the bonding faces is made through, and the vertically directed holes in the block are arranged in rows, at least one of which is located opposite the recesses. Through and / or non-through slotted slots or slotted holes are made in the body of the block on each section of the bed faces, which are located on each section of the bed faces oriented along or across the length of the corresponding section. The vertically directed holes in each row are made with the same geometrical section and are displaced relative to the vertically directed holes in the adjacent row in the direction along the spoon face, the vertical plane passing through the block parallel to the spoon face or the butt face is intersected with at least one cavities formed by a vertical hole, or a recess, or a slotted slot, or a slotted hole, or combinations thereof. This technical solution allows to increase the thermotechnical properties of hollow bricks or hollow stones or large-format stones with spoon masonry from such building blocks (see patent RU 2525243 C1, published on 08/10/2014).

The prior art block for the construction of the wall. Masonry includes at least three essentially vertical parallel partitions. Each of the sections is connected to the neighboring section by a grid, thereby defining a pair of oppositely facing open recesses on both sides of the grid. Each of the strips connecting the partitions is offset from any adjacent webs in the stone block (see patent US 2011/0258957 A1, published October 27, 2011).

The closest analogue of this utility model is a building block for spoon masonry, which is based on a rectangular parallelepiped, with spoon, poke and bed faces, provided with at least one through vertical hole in the body of a rectangular parallelepiped from the side of one spoon face. At least one recess is formed on each bonded face perpendicular to the bed faces, which is capable of forming, when laying together with the corresponding recess of the adjacent building block, an additional vertical hole. One spoon face is made in the form of a part of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which at least one through hole is made and which is connected by a bridge with another part of a rectangular parallelepiped, in which a groove is made along the spoon side, open on the side of one bed side and on the side of the butt faces and made with all flat walls or with flat side walls and a bottom on which transversely arranged protrusions are made. From these wall blocks, a wall masonry is erected, in each row of which the building blocks are located upwards and interconnected by a masonry mortar horizontally laid between the rows and vertically laid between the joined butt faces of the building blocks in each row. At least in one row, at least on a part of its length, the building blocks are successively stacked with grooves on one side of the masonry and adjoined to each other through a masonry mortar vertically laid between the joined butt faces of the building blocks to form a lengthy lodgement for filling a reinforcing solution or for laying reinforcement and filling with a reinforcing solution (see patent RU 137566 U1, published 02.20.2014).

The known building block has a complex shape, large width, and wall masonry involves filling the horizontal longitudinal groove of the block with a solution of masonry or reinforcing mortar. Therefore, the masonry from such a building block will have a large mass, which will require an appropriate foundation. In addition, masonry from a well-known building block will reduce the internal volume of the premises. Thus, structures erected using this unit will generally have high material consumption.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to create a building ceramic block that allows the construction of structures with enhanced thermal insulation properties. The technical result of the claimed utility model is to increase the insulating properties of walls and structures erected using the proposed building ceramic block, while reducing the total weight of the walls and structures, i.e. decrease in material consumption.

The technical result is achieved due to the proposed design of a building ceramic block.

The ceramic building block, which is based on a rectangular parallelepiped, with spoon, poke and bed edges, is equipped with through holes in the body of a rectangular parallelepiped parallel to the spoon edges and contains two grooves. These grooves are located along the spoon faces and are intended for laying insulation. The grooves are made in such a way that in the cross section the building ceramic block is two U-shaped elements having a common adjacent wall, one of which is inverted relative to the other. The first groove is open from the side of one bed side, the second groove is open from the side of another bed side. In this case, both grooves are open from both bonded faces and are made with flat walls and a bottom. The external face of the bottom of each groove coincides with the corresponding pastel face, spoon faces from the outside are ribbed.

The design of the proposed building ceramic block allows for a two-layer thermal insulation directly inside the block, while the insulation in the grooves of the block is located with overlapping height. This allows you to reduce the wall thickness, while increasing its thermal insulation properties, as well as reducing its weight. Reducing the weight will reduce the material consumption of the foundation of the entire structure.

The execution of the grooves open from both bonded faces allows the wall to be placed when laying the wall so that one part of it is in one block, the other in the adjacent one. Thus, the insulation overlaps the mortar joint between the butt faces, and the joint between the insulation sheets is overlapped by the walls of the building ceramic block.

That is, the number of cold bridges decreases or they are completely eliminated.

The execution of the grooves open from the side of the corresponding bed side is necessary to place the insulation in the block during the construction of the wall.

The execution of the grooves of the building ceramic block with flat walls and the bottom allows the use of standard sheets of insulation.

In addition, the presence of two grooves in which the insulation is located and their execution open from the side of the corresponding bed side, and from the side of both bonded faces allows you to reduce the weight of the walls and structures erected from the proposed building ceramic block, reduce material consumption, and due to the presence of these grooves designed for laying insulation, improve thermal insulation properties. At the same time, strength is maintained.

The implementation of the ribs on the outer sides of the spoon faces of the building ceramic block can reduce its weight, but at the same time provide strength.

The implementation of the building ceramic block in such a way that in cross section it is two U-shaped elements having a common adjacent wall, one of which is turned upside down relative to the other, allows this block to be rigidity and strength, which make it possible to erect load-bearing walls of structures from it.

The design of the claimed are illustrated in graphic materials:

- in FIG. 1 shows the spoon and bonder faces of a building ceramic block;

- in FIG. 2 shows the spoon, bonder, and bed faces of a building ceramic block;

- in FIG. 3 shows the masonry of building ceramic blocks

- in FIG. 4 shows the masonry of building ceramic blocks with insulation.

The proposed ceramic building block (Figs. 1 and 2), which is based on a rectangular parallelepiped, with spoon 1, poke 2 and bed 3 faces, is provided with through holes 4 in the body of a rectangular parallelepiped parallel to the spoon faces 1 and contains two grooves 5. These grooves 5 are located along the spoon faces 1 and are intended for laying insulation (Fig. 4). The grooves 5 are made in such a way that in the cross section the building ceramic block consists of two U-shaped elements having a common adjacent wall 6, one of which is inverted relative to the other. The first groove 5 is open from the side of one bed side, the second groove 5 is open from the side of another bed side. In this case, both grooves 5 are open from both bonded faces 2 and are made with flat walls and a bottom. The outer edge of the bottom of each groove 5 coincides with the corresponding pastel edge 3, spoon edges 1 on the outside are ribbed, with ribs 7.

Wall masonry using the proposed building ceramic block is as follows (Fig. 3, 4).

Ceramic building blocks are laid horizontally on the bed face 3 so that the grooves 5 intended to accommodate the insulation are parallel to each other in the horizontal plane. The construction ceramic building block allows you to lay the insulation so that one part of the insulation sheet is located in the groove 5 of one block, the second part of the insulation sheet in the groove 5 of the adjacent block. In this case, the insulation sheets must completely fill the grooves with themselves 5. The blocks are connected to each other by a mortar 8, for example, cement or heat insulation. Dressing with a facing layer (for example, a brick) is performed using rigid or flexible bonds that are clamped between blocks in a mortar seam (dressing with a facing layer is not shown).

Thus, the masonry erected using the proposed building ceramic blocks will have two continuous belts of insulation sheets, and they will be located with overlapping height.

Claims (1)

Ceramic building block based on a rectangular parallelepiped, with spoon, poke and bed faces, provided with through holes in the body of a rectangular parallelepiped, parallel to the spoon faces, containing two grooves, characterized in that the grooves are located along the spoon faces and are intended for laying insulation, grooves are made in such a way that in the cross section of the building ceramic block is two U-shaped elements having a common adjacent to a tenku, one of which is inverted relative to the other, the first groove is open from the side of one bed side, the second groove is open from the side of the other bed side, while both grooves are open from both bonded faces and are made with flat walls and the bottom, the outer edge of the bottom of each groove coincides with the corresponding bed side, spoon sides on the outside are ribbed.

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