US784476A

US784476A - Building-block.

Info

Publication number: US784476A
Application number: US22407904A
Authority: US
Inventors: Benjamin W Davis
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1904-09-12
Filing date: 1904-09-12
Publication date: 1905-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 1922-03-07

Description

No. 784,476. PATENTED MAR. 7, 1905. B. W. DAVIS.

BUILDING BLOCK.

AYPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 12, 1904.

NITED STATES Patented March 7, 1905.

BENJAMIN WV. DAVIS, OF PHILLIPS, \VISCONSIN.

BUILDING-BLOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,476, dated March '7, 1905.

' Application filed September 12, 1904. Serial No. 224,079.

To all whom, it Til/(by concern.-

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN IV. DAVIS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Phillips, county of Price, State of Visconsin, (whose post-office address is Phillips, \Visconsin,) have invented a certain new and useful Improvementin Building-Blocks; and 1 dcclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates in general to masonry, and more particularly to artificial-stone building-blocks.

In constructing the walls of buildings it is desirable to form air-spaces within the walls, as the air serves to more thoroughly protect the interior of the building from moisture, heat, and cold. It has heretofore been proposed to provide building-blocks made of artificial stone, such as cement, which have air-spaces, so that as the wall is constructed by laying successive rows of blocks air-spaces are formed within the wall coincidently with its construction.

The primary object of my invention is to provide a building-block of the character mentioned which when laid will form a wall having the greatest possible air-space within the same and which will have a minimum amount of material extending between and uniting the inner and outer partitions of the wall.

A further object of my invention is to provide an artificial-stone building-block which may be readily alined and interlocked in laying rows thereof and which will require in its construction a minimum amount of material for building a wall of a given thickness.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a building-block which will be simple in construction, inexpensive in manufacture, and eflicient in use.

The embodiments of my invention herein disclosed, generally described,consist in building-blocks composed of a'plura-lity of parallel partitions, a web interposed between and uniting adjacent partitions intermediate of their ends, the corresponding ,endsof adjacent partitions being oppositely beveled, thereby insuring perfect alinement and forming interlocked joints between adjacent blocks.

My invention will be more fully described hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying'drawings, in which the same is illustrated as embodied in several convenient and practical forms, and in which Figure l is a plan view of a portion of a wall constructed of my improved buildingblocks; Fig. 2, a plan view of a modified form of block; Fig. 3, a central horizontal section of another modified block embodying my invention; Figs. 4:, 5, and 7, plan views of other modifications, and Fig. 6 a perspective view of the form of block illustrated in Fig. 1.

Similar reference characters are used to designate similar parts in the several ligu res of the drawings.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 6, reference characters A, B, and (I designate parallel partitions which are united by intermediate webs (& and c to form a buildingblock. A single web is interposed between adjacent partitions and is located intermediate of the ends of the united partitions, so that each block contains four open-ended spaces, as is clearly shown in Fig. 6. The corresponding ends of adjacent partitions are oppositely beveled vertically, so that when the blocks are laid end to end to form rows in the construction of a wall the blocks are readily alined and adjoining blocks are connected by overlapping and interlocked joints. The opposite ends of each of the partitions A, B, and G are correspondingly beveled vertically.

In order to form a corner between two walls extending at right angles to each other, a block such as shown in Fig. l is preferably employed. This block comprises three partitions F, Gr, and H, which are united by webs fand g. The partition F is straight, while the partitions G and H are angular and extend around one end of the partition F. In order to give the corner-block the requisite strength, two webs are preferably interposed between the angular partitions G and H. The ends of the partitions forming the corner-block are beveled to correspond with the beveled ends of the blocks which form the walls and which are united by the corner-block. In order to form openings through the wall for windows and doors, blocks such as indicated at the right in Fig. 1 are preferably employed. Such block comprises parallel partitions K, L, and M united by the alined webs k and Z. The ends of the partitions are beveled to correspond with the beveled ends of the block with which they cooperate.

In lieu of a block such as above described, in which the several partitions extend different distances at each end of the block, the invention may be embodied. in a block such as shown in Fig. 3, in which the partitions are coextensive. In this figure reference characters A B and designate the parallel partitions which are united 'by webs a and 0 located intermediate of the ends of the partitions which they unite.

In Fig. 4 I have shown an embodiment'of my invention in which the block comprises five parallel partitions, thereby forming a wall in which there are four parallel series of airspaces. In this figure reference characters A B C D and E designate the partitions forming the block which are united by webs (6 6 c and (Z located intermediate of the ends of the adjacent partitions which are united by the individual webs. In Fig. 4 the partitions B and D are shown as extending farther to the left than the central partition C and the outer partitions A and E extending farther to the left than the partitions B and In lieu of the relative arrangement of the partitions illustrated in Fig. 4 they may be arranged as shown in Fig. 5, in which the successive partitions A", 13*, C, D, and E extend progressively in an inclined direction. The adjacent partitions are united by single webs a, I), c, and (Z intermediate of the ends of the partitions.

In Figs. 2 and 7 I have shown buildingblocks embodying my invention comprising merely two parallel partitions united by a Z- shaped web. In Fig. 7 the parallel partitions A and C are staggered and are united by the Z-shaped web composed of the portions 66' and 0 In Fig. 2 the parallel partitions A and G are laterally coextensive and are united by the Z-web composed of the parts to and 0. By forming the web in Z shape the interior of the structure formed by the wall is more perfectly protected from moisture, heat, and cold, as the web affords an irregular path between the exterior and interior partitions.

Should it be found desirable in constructing blocks embodying my invention in order that they may have suflicient structural strength,

metal reinforcements may be located within the webs, such as the wires 7) shown in Fig. 3. Such strengthenmg reinforcements may also,

if desired, be located within the parallel partitions of the blocks, as indicated'in dotted lines in Fig. 7.

In each of the various embodiments of my invention it will be observed the individual blocks comprise parallel partitions united intermediate of their ends by webs, thereby forming open-ended air-spaces, so that when the blocks are laid in rows in the construction of a wall parallel series of air-spaces are formed, each air-space being surrounded in part by partitions of the adjoining blocks. It will also be noticed that in each embodiment of my invention the outer and inner partitions are united by one or more webs staggered with respectto each other or Z-shaped, thereby decreasing the liability of moisture, heat, and cold penetrating the wall. In each of the illustrated embodiments of my invention the corresponding ends of adjacent partitions are oppositely beveled, thereby facilitating the accurate laying of the blocks end to end, insuring perfect alinement and forming interlocked joints between adjoining blocks.

The manner of constructinga wall of building-blocks embodying my invention will be evident to those skilled in the art. By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that a single form of corner-block may be utilized for uniting the end blocks in the two walls extending to the corner and that openings may be readily provided for windows and doors by employing a block constructed as clearly shown in Fig. 1. The successive layers of blocks are preferably staggered, so that the joints between adjacent blocks in alternate rows aline with each other and are out of alinement with the joints between adjacent blocks in the intermediate rows. The corner-block is so constructed that by inverting the same it serves to unite the blocks in the several rows. The blocks in each succeeding row are inverted with respect to those in the preceding row, thereby staggering or breaking the joints in the successive rows.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that I have invented an improved building-block by the use of which a wall may be constructed containing a maximum amount of air-space within the same and containing a minimum amount of material.

I claim 1. A building-block comprising three or more parallel partitions, a web interposed between adjacent partitions intermediate of their ends thereby forming a plurality of series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions.

2. A building-block comprising a plurality 3. A building-block comprising a plurality of parallel partitions, a connecting means composed of staggered portions interposed between and uniting the outer partitions intermediate of their ends thereby forming a series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions. I

4. A building-block comprisinga plurality of parallel staggered partitions of equal length, a web interposed between adjacent partitions intermediate of their ends, thereby forming a series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions.

5. A building-block comprising a plurality of parallel staggered partitions of equal length, a web interposed between adjacent partitions intermediate of their ends thereby forming a series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions,the corresponding ends of adjacent partitions being oppositely beveled vertically.

6. A building-block comprising a plurality of parallel staggered partitions, a connecting means composed ol staggered portions interposed between and uniting the outer partitions intermediate of their ends thereby forming a series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions.

7. A corner building-block comprising a plurality of partitions, a web interposed between adjacent partitions thereby forming a series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions, the outer partition being angular and extending around one end of the inner partition.

8. A corner building-block comprising a plurality of partitions, a web interposed between adjacent partitions thereby forming a series of open-ended air-spaces between the partitions, the outer partition being angular and extending around one end of the inner partition, the corresponding ends of adjacent partitions being oppositely beveled vertically.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

BENJAMIN NV. DAVIS. \Vitnesses:

Geo. L. VVILKINsoN, I-IA'r'rIE B. LEHMAN.