WO2011140926A1 - 左行制两个"y"字形单元的组合桥或组合隧道 - Google Patents

左行制两个"y"字形单元的组合桥或组合隧道 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011140926A1
WO2011140926A1 PCT/CN2011/073453 CN2011073453W WO2011140926A1 WO 2011140926 A1 WO2011140926 A1 WO 2011140926A1 CN 2011073453 W CN2011073453 W CN 2011073453W WO 2011140926 A1 WO2011140926 A1 WO 2011140926A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tunnel
bridge
straight
turn
ground
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PCT/CN2011/073453
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹世才
廖礼毅
高健
邹凌云
罗凡洲
陆洋
廖大中
Original Assignee
Zou Shicai
Liao Liyi
Gao Jian
Zou Lingyun
Luo Fanzhou
Lu Yang
Liao Dazhong
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Application filed by Zou Shicai, Liao Liyi, Gao Jian, Zou Lingyun, Luo Fanzhou, Lu Yang, Liao Dazhong filed Critical Zou Shicai
Publication of WO2011140926A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011140926A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C1/00—Design or layout of roads, e.g. for noise abatement, for gas absorption
    • E01C1/04—Road crossings on different levels; Interconnections between roads on different levels

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to an overpass or a tunnel for making a motorway traffic at a crossroad, and in particular, two independent bifurcated arch bridge groups or an independent bifurcated tunnel are synthesized to enable a straight-moving motor vehicle on the opposite side of the intersection (hereinafter referred to as: straight ahead) Cars and right-turning vehicles (hereinafter referred to as: right-turning vehicles) There are no smooth bridges or combined tunnels that cross the road. Background technique
  • the minimum diameter of the overpass that can make the crossroad straight lane and the right turn lane without cross-track conflict is more than 120 meters, not only the construction cost is high, but also the old city two-way Six-lane intersections cannot be built, making traffic jams at the crossroads of the old city now very serious, and some intersections are often traffic jams.
  • the right turn bridge passes through the straight bridge and the right turn bridge of the right ground support, and is connected with the lower bridge of the straight bridge of the left ground support and then connected to the ground.
  • the height of the upper bridge is high from the ground, which increases the total length of the bridge, and also connects all the bridges into one large integral bridge, once the large whole
  • the local part of the body bridge has geological changes, and partial damage will result in damage to all large integral bridges.
  • the entire bridge into the frame shape of the frame is too large: the overall shape of the overpass is a grid-shaped bridge with two diagonal lines, the intersection of the open space without the open space of the building requires a minimum diameter of 115 meters, while in the old
  • the two-way six-lane intersection in the urban area has almost no diameter of 115 meters, that is, the overpass provided in the drawing of this specification can hardly be used in the two-way six-lane intersection of the old city, even if the right turn bridge and the left turn bridge are recessed inward.
  • the minimum half-length is only 15.0 meters, and the minimum diameter of the entire frame-shaped overpass is also 75.0 meters. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a road lane arrangement conforming to the existing left-hand traffic traffic specification, which can be constructed in a two-way six-lane small-area intersection, and two "Y"-shaped fork bridges are combined into a straight lane of the opposite ground support and
  • the right-turning lane has no two-bridge combined open-pass bridge or two tunnel-connected unblocked tunnels.
  • the concept of the composite bridge of the present invention for solving the cross-track conflict point is: At the intersection, the straight lane and the right turn lane of the opposite ground support have cross-track conflicts, that is, the right-turning vehicle of the opposite ground support when the straight traffic passes Can't pass.
  • the two straight bridges that are relatively straight are independent of each other and do not share a bridge deck, so that after passing through the intersection, a straight bridge passes through the ground and passes under the right turn bridge of the opposite "Y" shaped forked arch bridge. That is, the grounding point of the lower bridge of the straight bridge crossing the intersection is closer to the center of the intersection, and the upper bridge of the opposite straight bridge is farther away from the center of the intersection, between the upper bridge grounding point and the lower bridge grounding point of the opposite straight bridges.
  • the distance is used as the right-turning bridge to climb to the length of the right-turning bridge that can be used for three-dimensional traffic.
  • the opposite straight arch bridge gives up the upper space on the right side, that is, the opposite right turn bridge branches directly to the right turn side.
  • the single section of the curved bridge realizes the three-dimensional traffic on the ground branch road outside the intersection of the straight arch bridge and the opposite right turn bridge.
  • the right turn bridge only needs the height of one layer of bridge, and all the combined bridges only have the height of one layer of bridge, which saves the cost of building bridges and has little impact on the urban landscape.
  • the multiple lanes leaving the intersection are not easy to block traffic on the ground merged lanes.
  • the concept of the combined tunnel for solving the cross-country collision point of the present invention is: At the intersection, the straight lane and the right turn lane of the opposite ground support cross-track conflict, that is, the right-turning vehicle of the opposite ground support when the straight traffic passes Can't pass.
  • the two straight tunnels that are relatively straight are independent of each other and do not share a tunnel surface, so that a straight tunnel crosses the intersection and passes over the ground from the right-turn tunnel of the opposite "Y"-shaped forked tunnel.
  • the straight tunnel passing through the intersection exits the tunnel grounding point closer to the center of the intersection, while the inward tunnel of the opposite straight tunnel is farther away from the center of the intersection, and the opposite tunnel entrance point and exit tunnel of the two straight tunnels
  • the distance between the locations is For the opposite right turn tunnel down to the length of the right turn tunnel that can be used for three-dimensional traffic. That is, the grounding end of the straight tunnel rises to the ground before approaching the deep position of the middle section of the opposite straight tunnel, so that the opposite straight tunnel is allowed to pass out to the lower right position of the tunnel, that is, the opposite right turn tunnel is directly on the right turn side.
  • the structure of the composite bridge of the present invention is:
  • a combination bridge of two right-turning and straight-forward "Y"-shaped bifurcation bridges comprising two bifurcated arch bridges, characterized in that each of the bifurcated arch bridges has a straight arch bridge 2 and a right turn bridge 3, turning right
  • the bridge 3 is located on the right side of the straight arch bridge 2, and the right turn bridge 3 is branched on the right turn side and the straight arch bridge 2, the branching portion is a bifurcation point 15, so that a straight arch bridge 2 and a right turn bridge 3 form a "Y"-shaped bifurcated bridge, then two bifurcated arch bridges become two identical-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridges 1;
  • the straight arch 2 and the right turn bridge 3 of each of the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridges 1 have a common bridge ground end 4, and two bridges between the common bridge ground end 4 and the branch point 15 are side by side 14 ; in the middle position high position area of the same direction bifurcation "Y" shaped fork bridge 1, the right turn bridge 3 and the straight arch bridge 2 bifurcation; the right turn bridge 3 leaves the straight arch bridge 2 high position area for the bifurcation section 7; straight arch bridge 2 There is also a straight bridge grounding end 5, the right turning bridge 3 also has a right turn bridge grounding end 6; from the bifurcation point 15 to the straight bridge grounding end 5 is a straight bridge single line segment 8; from the bifurcation point 15 to the right turn The bridge ground end 6 is a right curved bridge single line segment 13;
  • Two opposite-direction bifurcations of the bifurcation port "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 constitutes a combination bridge, in the combination bridge, a straight bridge single-segment
  • the right curved bridge single line segment 13 After passing the vehicle on the straight section single row 8 from the straight bridge ground 5 to the ground, the right curved bridge single line segment 13 can be passed from the ground under the right curved section single row 13 through the right curved bridge single line segment 13 As long as a high level of bridge body achieves three-dimensional traffic.
  • the overpass disclosed in the drawings of the Chinese Patent 200820230509.5 the problem of a two-story bridge between the straight bridge and the opposite right curved bridge is avoided.
  • the same direction bifurcation "Y" shaped fork bridge 1 means that the right turn bridge 3 and the straight arch bridge 2 have a side by side, but the right turn bridge 3 There is a bifurcation point 15 on the right side of the middle section high position area of the straight arch bridge 2.
  • the right turn bridge 3 and the straight arch 2 section near the bifurcation point 15 preferably have a net height of 4.5 meters or more in accordance with the traffic specification so that the underside can pass through the motor vehicle.
  • the right turn bridge 3 is used as a right turn for motor vehicles.
  • Standard direction means that the right turn bridge 3 of the two "Y" shaped fork bridges and the straight arch bridge 2 have the same bifurcation direction, that is, the right turn bridge 3 is branched on the right side of the straight arch bridge 2. Therefore, the overall shape of a co-directional bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 is: a right-turning bridge 3 and a straight-row arch 2 are side by side at the common bridge grounding end 4 to the bifurcation point 15, and the side-by-side section is two bridges Side by side segment 14.
  • the straight arch bridge 2 after the fork is a straight row single row segment 8, and the forked right turn bridge 3 is a right curved bridge single row segment 13.
  • the common bridge grounding end 4 of the straight arch bridge 2 and the right turn bridge 3 of the same same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 may be a small area, and the straight arch bridge 2 bridges and the right turn bridge 3 bridge points In the same area; in this same area, the straight arch bridge 2 bridge point and right turn bridge 3 bridge points can be the same position, or have a certain front and rear distance.
  • the straight arch bridge 2 is a bridge for the two ground supports on the opposite side of the intersection. "Straight” refers to the meaning of the motor vehicle reaching the road opposite the intersection. “Straight” does not refer to the shape of the bridge, but refers to the use of the bridge. .
  • the right turn bridge 3 is a right turn bridge for the left-hand traffic system at the intersection, and the "right turn” is the meaning of the right turn.
  • the branching section 7 of the right turn bridge 3 is a bridge section for the motor vehicle from the opposite straight arch bridge 2 to pass through the ground, and the height of the branching section 7 needs to meet the height required for the following organic moving vehicle to pass through, Therefore, the right turn bridge 3 and the straight arch bridge 2 of the same in-situ bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 are preferably bifurcated in a high position region satisfying the traffic specification.
  • the middle section of the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 is provided with a high-position area so that a right-turning vehicle from the left ground branch can pass through the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 from the ground, thereby achieving the same
  • the forked "Y" shaped fork bridge 1 and the right turn vehicle from the left ground support can be in three-dimensional traffic.
  • Preferred position of the straight bridge grounding end 5 The preferred position for the straight bridge grounding end 5 of the straight bridge single row section 8 is the ground position below the branching section 7 of the oppositely facing bifurcated "Y" shaped forked bridge 1.
  • the straight-through vehicle can pass through the branching section 7 from the ground, and the height of the branching section 7 can be reduced as much as possible, that is, as long as the height of one layer of the bridge.
  • Preferred structure of the right turn bridge 3 The right curved bridge single row 13 of the right turn bridge 3 is preferably an arcuate structure that is concave toward the central region of the two straight bridge single row segments 8.
  • the turning portion of the single-row section 13 of the right curved bridge is set to be an arc concave toward the center of the intersection. Shape structure.
  • the combined smooth bridge of the present invention can be constructed with a small crossroad of 40 meters or more and a two-way six-lane road. This makes the invention applicable to the crossroads of the main roads of the old city, and realizes that there is no crossroad between the straight road and the right turn at the crossroads.
  • a combined tunnel of two right-turning and straight-forward "Y"-shaped split tunnels comprising two fork-shaped tunnels, characterized in that: each forked tunnel has a straight tunnel 22 and a right turn tunnel 23, turning right The tunnel 23 is located on the right side of the straight tunnel 22, and the right turn tunnel 23 is branched on the right turn side with the straight tunnel 22, and the branching portion is a bifurcation point 35, so that a straight tunnel 22 and a right turn tunnel 23 form a "Y"-shaped bifurcated tunnel, then two bifurcated tunnels become two co-forked "Y"-shaped fork tunnels 21;
  • each of the co-directional bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnels 21 have a common tunnel grounding end 24, and two tunnel side-by-side sections 34 between the tunneling grounding end 24 and the branching point 35.
  • the right turn tunnel 23 and the straight tunnel 22 are bifurcated in the deep position region of the mid-forked "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21; the deep-turn region of the right turn tunnel 23 leaving the straight tunnel 22 is the branching section 27; the straight tunnel 22 There is also a straight tunnel ground end 25, and the right turn tunnel 23 also has a right turn tunnel ground end 26; from the bifurcation point 35 to the straight tunnel ground end 25 is a straight tunnel single line segment 28; from the bifurcation point 35 to the right turn The tunnel ground end 26 is a right curved tunnel single row 33;
  • the two opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped cross-section tunnels 21 of the bifurcation port form a combined tunnel.
  • the straight tunnel single-row section 28 is located at the bifurcation of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21. in.
  • the vehicle from the upper right side of the opposite right-turn tunnel 33 crosses the right-turn tunnel single-section 33, which enables the right-turn tunnel single-segment 33 As long as a deep tunnel to achieve three-dimensional traffic.
  • the straight bridge and the opposite right The curved bridge has two layers of problems.
  • the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped cross-section tunnel 21 means that the right-turn tunnel 23 is side by side with the straight tunnel 22, but the right-turn tunnel 23 has a bifurcation point 35 on the right side of the middle portion of the straight tunnel 22 in the middle.
  • the right turn tunnel 23 and the straight tunnel 22 near the bifurcation point 35 preferably have a net depth of 6.5 meters or less that conforms to the traffic specification so that it can pass through the motor vehicle.
  • Right turn tunnel 23 is used as a right turn for motor vehicles.
  • Standard direction means that the right turn tunnel 23 of the two "Y" shaped fork tunnels has the same bifurcation direction as the straight tunnel 22, that is, the right turn tunnel 23 is bifurcated on the right side of the straight tunnel 22. Therefore, the overall shape of a co-directional bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21 is: a right turn tunnel 23 and a straight tunnel 22 are side by side at the joint tunnel ground end 24 to the branch point 35, and the side-by-side section is two tunnels. Side by side 34.
  • the straight tunnel 22 after the fork is a straight tunnel single section 28, and the split right turn tunnel 23 is a right curved tunnel single row 33.
  • the common tunnel ground end 24 of the straight tunnel 22 and the right turn tunnel 23 of the same in-situ bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21 may be a small area, and the straight tunnel 22 has a tunnel point and a right turn tunnel 23 from the tunnel point. In the same area; in this same area, the straight tunnel 22 has a tunnel point and a right turn tunnel 23 and the tunnel point may be the same position, or have a certain front-to-back distance.
  • the straight tunnel 22 is a tunnel for the two ground supports on the opposite side of the intersection.
  • “Straight” refers to the meaning of the motor vehicle reaching the road opposite the intersection.
  • “Straight” does not refer to the shape of the tunnel, but refers to the use of the tunnel. .
  • the right turn tunnel 23 is a right turn tunnel for the left traffic system at the intersection, and the "right turn” is the meaning of the right turn.
  • the branching section 27 of the right turn tunnel 23 is a tunnel section for the motor vehicle from the opposite straight tunnel 22 to pass through the ground from the ground.
  • the depth of the branching section 27 needs to meet the required depth of the above-mentioned organic moving vehicle. Therefore, the right turn tunnel 23 and the straight tunnel 22 of the same same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21 are preferably bifurcated in a deep position region satisfying the traffic specification.
  • the middle section of the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21 is provided with a deep position area, so that the right-turning vehicle from the left ground branch can cross the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21 from the ground, thereby achieving the same
  • the forked "Y" shaped fork tunnel 21 and the right turn vehicle from the left ground support can be in three-dimensional traffic.
  • the preferred location of the straight tunnel ground end 25 is that the straight tunnel ground end 25 for the straight tunnel single row 28 is preferably located at a ground location above the bifurcated section 27 of the oppositely facing bifurcated "Y" shaped fork tunnel 21.
  • the right turn tunnel single row 33 of the right turn tunnel 23 is preferably an arcuate structure that is concave toward the central region of the two straight tunnel single row segments 28.
  • the turning portion of the single-row section 33 of the right-turn tunnel is set to be an arc concave toward the center of the intersection. Shape structure.
  • This preferred construction allows the present invention to be used in a combined clear tunnel of the present invention for use in small crossroads of only 40 meters between buildings at opposite corners of the intersection and in two-way six lanes. This makes the invention applicable to the crossroads of the main roads of the old city, and realizes that there is no crossroad between the straight road and the right turn at the crossroads.
  • the minimum turning radius design of the single curved section 33 of the curved curved right curved tunnel is relatively short distance L, and the minimum turning of the two curved right curved tunnel single row 33
  • the radius is R.
  • L 80.0 m
  • R L ⁇ 2.
  • L 40.0 meters
  • R 20.5 meters. The longer the L, the larger the cross-sectional area, the larger the turning radius R can be, and the curved right-turn tunnel single-row 33 can withstand the faster the speed of the motor vehicle.
  • the "right” and “left” on the right or left side, the right side or the left side, and the left side of the right side of the present invention means that the person stands at the common grounding end 4 of the same direction bifurcated "Y" shaped fork bridge 1. , facing the opposite side of the "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 of the common bridge bridge ground 4 to determine “right” or “left”; or refers to people standing in a same direction fork "Y"-shaped fork tunnel At the joint grounding end 24 position of 21, facing the common tunneling ground end 24 of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel 21 to judge “right” or "left”.
  • the two-bridge side-by-side section 14 of the present invention includes at least two lanes; the two tunnel side-by-side sections 34 include at least two lanes.
  • the bridge or tunnel of the present invention is a bridge or tunnel that can pass at least one motor vehicle, but the lane is not limited in width, and the width can be increased and multiple vehicles can be arranged side by side.
  • the straight arch bridge 2 refers to a bridge in which the traveling direction of the motor vehicle on the bridge is straight for the purpose of crossing the intersection, but has a horizontally significant uphill and downhill slope, so the shape of the straight arch bridge 2 may be a straight line. Shape or curved shape, the shape of the straight arch 2 is determined based on the shape of the ground road when the bridge is actually built.
  • the straight tunnel 22 refers to a tunnel in which the direction of travel of the motor vehicle in the tunnel is straight for the purpose of crossing the intersection, but has a downslope and an uphill slope in the sense of horizontal depth, so the shape of the straight tunnel 22 may be a straight shape or
  • the curved shape when the tunnel is actually built, the shape of the straight tunnel 22 is determined based on the shape of the ground road.
  • the right turn bridge 3 of the present invention refers to a bridge for use in a right turn motor vehicle.
  • the left-hand right turn bridge is going straight
  • the high position of the arch bridge 2 is split to the right, so that the right turn bridge 3 turns directly in the direction of the right turn, without unnecessary bypassing from the left ground support and the opposite ground support.
  • the right turn tunnel 23 refers to a tunnel used for a right turn motor vehicle.
  • the left-handed right-turn tunnel branches to the right of the deep position of the straight tunnel 22, so that the right-turn tunnel 23 turns directly in the direction of the right turn, without unnecessary bypassing from the left ground support and the opposite ground support.
  • the left-hand system refers to a traffic management system in which a motor vehicle travels to the left.
  • the cross-occupation conflict described in the present invention refers to a traffic conflict between motor vehicles at an intersection.
  • the high position area of the present invention refers to a bridge section below which can pass the height of the motor vehicle.
  • the deep location area refers to a tunnel body section above which can pass the depth of the motor vehicle.
  • a "vehicle” or “vehicle” that is a non-motor vehicle means a motor vehicle or a motor vehicle.
  • straight-through vehicles and the right-turning vehicles on the two ground support roads on the opposite sides of the intersection have no cross-track, and also solve the straight-through vehicles and right-turn vehicles on the two ground support roads, and the other two at the crossroads.
  • Straight and right turn vehicles on the ground support have no cross-tracking problems; they are especially suitable for places where the crossroads are too small to repair the bridges on the four ground supports, and solve the traffic congestion of nearly 70%.
  • the straight-line and right-turn vehicles of the two ground spurs cross the traffic and require traffic lights to direct traffic. If a right-turning bridge is set on each of the two ground supports on the opposite side of the no-overpass, all straight and right-turning vehicles at the intersection will have no cross-roads.
  • the invention splits the above-mentioned integral large-frame frame overpass into two independent non-connected co-directional bifurcation "Y"-shaped fork bridges, that is, small overpasses, and the two small overpasses respectively complete two opposite sides of the intersection
  • Y co-directional bifurcation
  • the right turn of the ground support and the straight-through interchange function and can also be interchanged with the right turn and straight trains of the other two ground support roads, under the same technical parameters such as the same speed and the same bridge slope.
  • each small overpass of the present invention is shortened by 30-35% compared with the current large overpass, and the total area of two small overpasses is reduced by 70-80%;
  • the small overpass of the present invention greatly reduces the risk of geological disasters compared with the existing large overpasses.
  • the same as the original route of the plane traffic without unnecessary bypass a straight-through car that can make a two-way six-lane intersection
  • the right-turning car has no cross-roads, and the right-turning car turns right without unnecessary bypass, and does not cross the road with the vehicles on the other ground of the intersection.
  • the amount of construction of the bridge is less than that of the bridge construction project.
  • Two-way six-lane small crossroads are available: The invention uses only two combinations of the same-direction "Y"-shaped bifurcated arch bridges, which greatly reduces the length of the bridges compared with the existing bypassed full-crossing overpasses, and greatly reduces the occupation.
  • the land area and space make it possible for most vehicles to pass through in a two-way six-lane small-area intersection with a circular diameter of only 40 meters.
  • the framed overpass disclosed in the drawings is an integrated large net.
  • the frame overpass has a long total length and a large floor area. When there is a geological change in the total length and floor space, the entire large overpass cannot be used, and the traffic at the intersection is completely paralyzed.
  • the present invention changes the above-mentioned overall large-frame frame type overpass into two independent non-connected co-directional bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnels, that is, small tunnels, and the two small tunnels respectively complete two opposite sides of the intersection
  • Y co-directional bifurcated
  • the right turn of the ground support and the straight-through interchange function can also be interchanged with the right turn and straight trains of the other two ground supports.
  • the straight and right-turn vehicles on the opposite side of the two-way six-lane intersection can be unobstructed, and the right turn can be turned right without unnecessary bypass.
  • Another ground support vehicle at the crossroads has cross-occupation conflicts.
  • the amount of construction of the tunnel is less than that of the construction of the tunnel.
  • Two-way six-lane small intersection is available: In the present invention, only two groups of the same-direction "Y"-shaped bifurcated tunnel are used. In combination, the total intercommunication tunnels around the existing bypass greatly reduce the length of the tunnel, greatly reducing the floor space and space, and enabling most of the urban two-way six-lane small-area intersections with a circular diameter of only 40 meters. The vehicle interchange is smooth.
  • the three-dimensional traffic of a straight-through vehicle and a right-turning vehicle uses only one layer of tunnel: all combined tunnels use only one tunnel. Less impact on the urban landscape.
  • the invention of the combination bridge of the present invention is:
  • the grounding point of the upper bridge of the straight bridge and the grounding point of the lower bridge of the other straight bridge are misaligned before and after:
  • the two straight bridges that are relatively straight at the intersection do not share one bridge deck, but are independent of each other, the grounding point of the upper bridge of one straight bridge and the other
  • the grounding point of the lower bridge of the straight bridge has front and rear misalignment.
  • the distance of the misalignment is the length of the ramp required for the right-turning bridge to climb to the distance of the straight traffic that can be opposite.
  • the two opposite forks have the same direction bifurcated "Y" shaped fork bridge to form a combined bridge, and the two same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridges are independent of each other, but their straight bridges extend into the opposite side.
  • the two same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridges are independent of each other, but their straight bridges extend into the opposite side.
  • the bridges of the straight and right turn bridges do not cross each other: the straight bridge does not pass through and does not cross the opposite right turn bridge, so that the vehicle on the straight bridge passes straight through the opposite right turn bridge. .
  • This structure allows multiple vehicles passing through the intersection to realize the merged lane on the ground to leave the intersection. As long as the lane is merged on the ground, there can be a longer lane of the merged lane section. It is not easy to block the traffic because the merged lane is too small and too narrow.
  • the frame-shaped overpass disclosed in the specification of the Chinese patent 200820230509.5 "Direct right, left turn interchange" is merged on the overpass and the lane is too narrow to cause traffic jam.
  • the present invention is not in the position of the cross traffic occupation in the plane traffic state, that is, the straight lane and the right turn lane are solved in the position within the intersection.
  • Cross-occupation conflicts, but creatively move such traffic conflict points to the four ground roads away from the intersection to solve the traffic conflict with the three-dimensional bridge, so as to minimize the ground and space of the intersection.
  • the cross-section of the ground is more than 40 meters in diameter, the combined bridge of the invention can be built, and the traffic at the intersection of the six lanes of the old city is greatly improved, which is of pioneering significance for solving the traffic jam at the small crossroads in the old city.
  • the ground extension lane of the straight bridge crosses the opposite right turn bridge: two straight bi-directional straight arch bridges that are relatively straight and opposite straight, independent of each other, do not share a bridge; that is, the straight bridge ground
  • the common bridge ground end of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge is closer to the center of the intersection; the straight bridge ground is grounded at a high position near the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge, so that the bridge is directly bridged
  • the ground end leaves the high position space of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge, so that the opposite right-handed bridge can be directly branched on the right turn side and the opposite straight arch bridge, and the two bridges are forked to the right.
  • Turning vehicles can turn right without any unnecessary bypass, and can leave the vehicle leaving the ground of the straight bridge. It can pass through the ground below the bifurcation section of the opposite right-turning bridge to realize the three-dimensional traffic of the straight-through vehicle and the opposite right-turning vehicle.
  • the invention of the combined tunnel of the present invention is:
  • the grounding point of the tunnel entering the straight tunnel is offset from the grounding point of the tunnel outside the tunnel: the two straight tunnels that are relatively straight at the intersection do not share one tunnel surface, but are independent of each other, and the tunnel grounding point of a straight tunnel
  • the grounding point of the exit tunnel with another straight tunnel has a front-to-back misalignment.
  • the distance of the misalignment is the length of the ramp required to reduce the depth of the right-turn tunnel to the opposite traffic.
  • Two opposite forks of the same direction bifurcated "Y" shaped fork tunnel form a combined tunnel, and two co-directional bifurcated "Y" shaped fork tunnels are independent of each other, but their straight tunnel single-section sections extend into To the opposite side of the bifurcation of the "Y"-shaped fork tunnel.
  • the straight tunnel and the opposite right turn tunnel do not cross each other: This straight tunnel does not cross or cross the opposite right turn tunnel, allowing the vehicles in the straight tunnel to go straight across the opposite right turn tunnel from the ground.
  • This structure allows multiple vehicles passing through the intersection to realize the merged lane on the ground to leave the intersection. As long as the lane is merged on the ground, there can be a longer lane of the merged lane section. It is not easy to block the traffic because the merged lane is too small and too narrow.
  • the present invention is not in the position of the cross traffic occupation in the plane traffic state, that is, the straight lane and the right turn lane are solved in the position within the intersection.
  • Cross-occupation conflicts but creatively move such traffic conflict points to the ground under the crossroads to solve traffic conflicts with tunnels, so as to minimize the ground and space of the intersection.
  • the cross-section of the ground is more than 40 meters in diameter, the combined tunnel of the invention can be built.
  • the traffic at the crossroads with at least one two-way six-lane road in the old city is greatly improved, which is of technological significance for solving the traffic jam at the small crossroads in the old city.
  • the right-turning tunnel across the opposite direction of the straight tunnel of the straight tunnel two straight two-way straight tunnels that are relatively straight, that is, straight in opposite directions, independent of each other, do not share one tunnel;
  • the common tunnel ground end of the opposite-direction bifurcation "Y"-shaped fork tunnel is closer to the center of the intersection;
  • the straight tunnel ground is grounded close to the deep position of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel, such a straight tunnel
  • the grounding end leaves the space position on the right side of the deep position of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork tunnel, so that the opposite right-turn tunnel single-row section can be directly branched on the right-turning side and the opposite straight-line tunnel.
  • the fork enables the right-turning vehicle to turn right without any unnecessary bypass, and enables the vehicle leaving the grounding end of the straight tunnel to cross the ground above the bifurcation section of the opposite right-turning tunnel to achieve a straight-through vehicle and a right-turning vehicle.
  • DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a composite bridge
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a composite bridge.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a group tunnel
  • Embodiment 1 The intersection of the left-hand traffic system, the combination bridge of two right-turn and straight-line "Y"-shaped bifurcation bridges composed of two identical-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridges.
  • Each straight-forward arch bridge 2 and right-turning bridge 3 of the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 have a common bridge grounding end 4, and together The two bridges between the bridge grounding end 4 and the branching point 15 are side by side 14; in the middle position high position area of the same direction bifurcation "Y" shaped fork bridge 1, the right turning bridge 3 is bifurcated on the right turn side and the straight arch 2
  • the right turn bridge 3 leaves the straight section of the straight arch bridge 2 as the branching section 7; the straight arch bridge 2 also has a straight bridge grounding end 5, the right turning bridge 3 also has a right turn bridge grounding end 6;
  • the segment 7 to the straight bridge ground end 5 is a straight bridge single row segment 8; the branching segment 7 to the right turn bridge ground end 6 is a right curved bridge single row segment 13.
  • each straight-bridge single-row section 8 of the combined bridge crosses the intersection and extends into the opposite direction Among the bifurcation ports of the bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1, the ground surface is below the opposite bifurcation section 7.
  • the two straight-bridge single-row segments 8 in the combined bridge are arranged side by side from the top to the bottom, and the person occupies one side of the straight-line single-row segment 8 to see the two straight-line single-row segments.
  • the right turn bridge 3 is the highest section, the ground section below the split section 7 can pass the motor vehicle.
  • the right turn bridge grounding end 6 is connected to the ground on the ground branch of the right side of the "Y" shaped fork bridge 1 to achieve a right turn.
  • the bifurcated section 7 of the right-turning bridge 3 branches on the right side of the high-position area of the middle section of the straight arch bridge 2. Applicable to left-handed traffic rules motor vehicles from the right side of the straight arch 2 to the right-handed bridge single-row section 13 to achieve a right turn.
  • each straight-forward arch bridge 2 and right-turning bridge 3 of the same-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 At a distance from the intersection, respectively, it is connected to the left side of a ground branch, and each of the two bridges 14 is located on the left side of a ground support, and each straight single section 8 crosses the cross from the ground.
  • the center of the mouth is downhill and extends between the forks of the opposite-direction bifurcated "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1, and the upper bridge section of each of the right-handed bridges is straight along the upper surface of the ground support. Turn right at the crossroads.
  • the driving route of the straight-through vehicle on the combined bridge is: a certain ground support-...the common grounding end of the bridge 4----two bridges side by side 14 [0 in the figure] - --
  • the straight section of the straight arch bridge 2 and the right curved section of the single curved section 13 fork, that is, the straight arch bridge 2 reaches a clearance height of 4.5 meters between the ground and the ground [ ⁇ in the figure] -...the front section of the straight row single row section 8--- -
  • the ground extension lane passes underneath the bifurcation section 7 of the opposite-direction bifurcation "Y"-shaped fork bridge 1 right-bend bridge single-row section 13... - Arrives at the opposite ground branch to achieve straight at the crossroads.
  • the driving route of the right-turning vehicle is: a certain ground support - --- common grounding terminal 4----two bridge side by side 14 [0 in the figure] - --
  • the straight section of the straight arch bridge 2 and the right section of the right curved bridge 13 is divided into a high position area of the middle section, that is, the straight arch bridge 2 reaches a clearance height of 4.5 meters between the ground and the ground----turns right into the branching section 7----right bend Bridge single-row segment 13 [--- right turn bridge ground end 6--right curved bridge single-row segment 13 ground extension lane reaches the right ground branch to achieve a right turn at the intersection.
  • the straight and right turn vehicles of the two ground support roads on the opposite side of the intersection can realize the uncrossed road, and the two straight and right turn vehicles of the other ground support and the composite bridge have three-dimensional traffic, but there is no remaining On the opposite side of the overpass, the straight-line and right-turn vehicles of the two ground roads cross the traffic. This requires traffic lights to direct traffic. If a right-turning bridge is set on each of the two ground supports on the opposite side of the no-overpass, all the straight and right-turning vehicles at the intersection will have no cross-overpass.
  • Embodiment 2 At the intersection of the left traffic system, the single curved section of the right curved bridge is a concave curved combination bridge.
  • the right curved bridge single line section 13 of the right turn bridge 3 is an arcuate structure recessed toward the center area of the two straight bridge single line segments 8.
  • the two curved right-handed bridges of the combined bridge have a relatively short distance of L, and the minimum turning radius of the two curved right-handed bridges is R.
  • L 80.0 meters
  • R 20.5 meters
  • L 40.0 meters
  • the overlap bridge of this embodiment only occupies a circle with a diameter of 58.0 meters on the ground of the intersection.
  • Embodiment 3 the intersection of the left-hand traffic system, two right-turnings composed of two co-forked "Y"-shaped fork tunnels A combined tunnel that goes straight to a "Y" shaped forked tunnel.
  • each of the straight tunnel 22 and the right turn tunnel 23 of the same-direction bifurcated " ⁇ "-shaped fork tunnel 21 has a common tunnel ground end 24, and Two tunnel side-by-side sections 34 between the tunnel grounding end 24 and the branching point 35; in the deep position of the middle section of the same-direction bifurcated " ⁇ "-shaped fork tunnel 21, the right turn tunnel 23 bifurcates with the straight tunnel 22 on the right turn side
  • the branching section of the right turn tunnel 23 leaving the straight tunnel 22 is a branching section 27;
  • the straight tunnel 22 has a straight tunnel grounding end 25, and the right turn tunnel 23 also has a right turn tunnel grounding end 26;
  • the segment 27 to the straight tunnel ground end 25 is a straight tunnel single row segment 28;
  • the branching segment 27 to the right turn tunnel ground end 26 is a right curved tunnel single row segment 33.
  • the two opposite-direction bifurcated " ⁇ "-shaped fork tunnels 21 of the splitting fork form a combined tunnel, and each straight tunnel single-section section 28 of the combined tunnel passes through the intersection and extends into the opposite direction.
  • the upper surface of the opposite bifurcation section 27 is grounded.
  • the two straight tunnel single-row segments 28 in the combined tunnel are partially projected side by side from bottom to top, and the two sides of the straight tunnel single-segment 28 are viewed on the ground side of the straight tunnel.
  • the split section of the right turn tunnel 23 is the deepest section, and the ground above the split section 27 can pass through the motor vehicle.
  • the right turn tunnel ground end 26 is connected to the ground on the right side of the same-direction bifurcated " ⁇ "-shaped fork tunnel 21 to achieve a right turn.
  • the bifurcated section 27 of the right turn tunnel 23 branches to the right of the deep position area of the middle section of the straight tunnel 22. Applicable to left-handed traffic rules motor vehicles from the right side of the straight tunnel 22 into the right-turn tunnel single-segment 33 to achieve a right turn.
  • each of the straight tunnel 22 and the right turn tunnel 23 of the same-direction bifurcated " ⁇ "-shaped fork tunnel 21 is connected to the left side lane of a ground branchway away from the intersection, respectively.
  • the two tunnel side-by-side sections 34 are respectively located under the left side road of a ground branch road, and each straight tunnel single line section 28 passes through the center of the intersection and then goes uphill, and extends into the opposite direction of the bifurcation " ⁇ "-shaped fork.
  • the lower tunnel section of each right-turn tunnel single-row section 33 goes straight down the area below the ground support, and then turns right at the intersection.
  • the driving route of the direct tunnel under the combined tunnel is: a certain ground support... - joint tunnel ground end 24----two tunnel side-by-side section 34 [0 in the figure] -- - -
  • the front section of the straight section of the straight section 28 There is a clearance depth of 4.5 meters between the center of the intersection and the ground [ ⁇ in the figure] - the rear section of the straight section of the straight tunnel 28 [back in the figure] -... straight tunnel ground end 25... - ground extension lane from the opposite side Crossing the bifurcation section 27 of the split-line " ⁇ "-shaped fork tunnel 21 right-turn tunnel single-row section 33... reaching the opposite ground support Now go straight at the crossroads.
  • the driving route of the right-turning vehicle is: a ground branch road ---- common tunnel grounding end 24...-two tunnel side-by-side section 34 [0 in the figure] - - straight tunnel 22
  • the deep position of the middle section which is bifurcated with the single-row section 33 of the right-bend tunnel, that is, the straight tunnel 22 reaches a clearance depth of 4.5 m between the ground and the ground... - Turn right into the branching section 27---- Right-turn tunnel single-row section 33 [ ⁇ in the figure] -... Right turn tunnel ground end 26... -
  • the ground extension of the right curved tunnel single row 33 reaches the right ground support to make a right turn at the intersection.
  • the straight and right turn vehicles of the two ground support roads on the opposite side of the intersection can realize the uncrossed road, and the two straight and right turn vehicles of the other ground support and the combined tunnel have three-dimensional traffic, but there is no remaining On the opposite side of the tunnel, the straight-line and right-turn vehicles of the two ground roads cross the traffic. This requires traffic lights to direct traffic. If a right turn tunnel is set under the two ground supports on the opposite side of the tunnel, all the straight and right turn vehicles at the intersection will have no crossover.
  • Embodiment 4 At the intersection of the left traffic system, the single curved section of the right curved tunnel is a concave curved combined tunnel.
  • the right-turn tunnel single-row section 33 of the right-turn tunnel 23 is an arc-shaped structure recessed toward the center area of the two straight tunnel single-row sections 28.
  • the two curved right-bend tunnels of the combined tunnel have a relative shortest distance L of L, and the minimum turning radius of the two curved right-turn tunnels 33 is R, when 30.0 m L 80.0 m, L and R
  • R 20.5 meters
  • L 40.0 meters
  • 18.0 meters of the sum of the widths of the two right-turn tunnels 33 the tunnel of this embodiment only occupies a circle with a diameter of 58.0 meters below the ground of the intersection.
  • the straight and right turn vehicles of the two ground support roads on the opposite side of the intersection can realize the uncrossed road.

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Description

说 明 书
左行制两个 'Ύ"字形单元的组合桥或组合隧道
技术领域
本发明属于使十字交叉路口机动车交通畅通的立交桥或隧道， 特别是两个独立的分叉 形拱桥组或独立的分叉形隧道合成能使十字路口相对面的直行机动车（以下简称： 直行车) 和右转弯机动车 （以下简称： 右转弯车） 无交叉占道冲突的畅通组合桥或组合隧道。 背景技术
目前， 国际国内的城市干道平交十字路口的交通非常拥挤， 经常发生堵塞， 是全世界 各大城市的通病。 究其原因， 是因为两条道路平交， 在交叉点上， 两条道路重叠变成了一 条道路， 两条道路上的机动车辆在节点上只能共用一条道， 损失了一半的道路资源。 再加 上行人、 非机动车和机动车混行， 拥堵是必然的结果。 为了解决这个难题， 人们想到了加 宽路面， 增加路口行车道的数量， 但路面不可能无限加宽。 人们又想到了立交桥， 但在现 有立文桥设计方案中， 能使十字路口直行车道和右转弯车道无交叉占道冲突的立交桥最小 直径在 120米以上， 不仅修建成本高， 而且旧城区双向六车道的十字路口都不能修建， 使 现在旧城区的十字路口堵车非常严重， 有的十字路口经常交通瘫痪。
中国专利 200720043390.6 《单层全畅通立交桥》 公开了一种在十字路口设一个直跨桥 和一个环形桥的畅通组合结构联合桥。 其缺点： 司机在十字路口必须要认清行车标志， 一 旦没有看清或看清后己来不及变道， 会导致在变道交叉点即进十字路口处堵车。 使该立交 桥不能在现有规范的道路上应用。
中国专利 200820230509.5 《直接右、 左转互通立交桥》 公开了一种立交桥， 由于该专 利的权利要求书和说明书对技术方案的描述很不清楚， 但就以说明书附图似乎可理解该网 框形立交桥的结构和缺陷为： 一、 增加了不需要的高度和长度： 在远离十字路口的地面支 道位置， 直行桥从对面的右转弯桥下面穿过后再延续一段桥体才与地面连接， 使上层桥的 离地面高度很高， 增加了桥的总长度， 这样使整个桥体又高又长又大， 浪费建桥费用， 遮 挡了城市景观。 二、 局部损坏导致整体损坏： 右转弯桥从右侧地面支道的直行桥和右转弯 桥下面穿过后， 与左侧地面支道的直行桥的下桥段平接后再与地面连接， 也使上层桥的离 地面高度很高， 增加了桥的总长度， 还使全部桥体连接为一个大型整体桥， 一但该大型整 体桥的局部有地质变化， 其局部被损坏就将导致全部大型整体桥损坏。 三、 整个桥成网框 形占用面积太大： 立交桥的整体形状为有两条对角线的网框形桥体， 要求十字路口没有建 筑物的空地圆形最小直径为 115米， 而在旧城区的双向六车道十字路口， 直径达到 115米 的几乎没有，也就是该说明书附图提供的立交桥几乎不能用于旧城区双向六车道十字路口， 即使把右转弯桥和左转弯桥向内凹到最小半经只有 15.0米， 整个网框形立交桥的最小直径 也致少要 75.0米。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供符合现有左行制交通规范的道路车道排列， 在双向六车道的小面 积十字路口能修建， 两个 "Y"字形分叉桥组合成相对面地面支的直行车道和右转弯车道 无交叉占道冲突的两桥组合式畅通桥或两隧道组合式畅通隧道。 本发明的组合桥解决交叉占道冲突点的构思是： 在十字路口， 相对面地面支的直行车 道和右转弯车道有交叉占道冲突， 即直行车通行时相对面地面支道的右转弯车不能通行。 但将相对直行的两个直行桥相互独立的不共用一个桥面，使一个直行桥在跨过十字路口后， 经过地面从对面的 " Y"字形分叉形拱桥的右转弯桥下穿过， 也就是跨过十字路口的直行 桥下桥接地点更接近于十字交叉路口中心， 而对面直行桥的上桥点更远离十字路口中心， 相对面两个直行桥的上桥接地点和下桥接地点之间的距离就作为对面右转弯桥爬升到能立 体交通需要高度的右转弯桥爬坡长度。 也就是直桥接地端只要在接近对面直行拱桥的中段 高位置区域接地面， 就为对面直行拱桥让出右侧的上方空间， 即让对面的右转弯桥直接在 右转弯一侧分叉出右弯桥单行段， 实现直行拱桥与对面的右转弯桥在十字路口以外的地面 支道上立体交通。 这样， 右转弯桥只要一层桥的高度， 而且全部组合桥都只有一层桥的高 度， 节约建桥费用， 对城市景观影响小， 离开十字路口的多条车道在地面合并车道不易堵 车。
本发明的组合隧道解决交叉占道冲突点的构思是： 在十字路口， 相对面地面支的直行 车道和右转弯车道有交叉占道冲突，即直行车通行时相对面地面支道的右转弯车不能通行。 但将相对直行的两个直行隧道相互独立的不共用一个隧道面， 使一个直行隧道在穿过十字 路口后， 经过地面从对面的 " Y"字形分叉形隧道的右转弯隧道上跨过， 也就是穿过十字 路口的直行隧道出隧道接地点更接近于十字交叉路口中心， 而对面直行隧道的进隧道点更 远离十字路口中心， 相对面两个直行隧道的进隧道接地点和出隧道接地点之间的距离就作 为对面右转弯隧道下降到能立体交通需要深度的右转弯隧道长度。 也就是直隧道接地端只 要在接近对面直行隧道的中段深位置区域之前上升到地面， 就为对面直行隧道让出右侧的 下方位置区域， 即让对面的右转弯隧道直接在右转弯一侧分叉出右弯隧道单行段， 实现直 行隧道与对面的右转弯隧道在十字路口以外的地面支道立体交通。 这样， 右转弯隧道只要 —层隧道的深度， 而且全部组合隧道最深都只有一层隧道的深度， 节约建隧道费用， 对城 市景观影响小， 离开十字路口的多条车道在地面合并车道不易堵车。 本发明组合桥的结构是：
两个右转和直行 "Y"字形分叉桥的组合桥， 包括两个分叉形拱桥， 其特征在于： 每 个分叉形拱桥都有一个直行拱桥 2和一个右转弯桥 3， 右转弯桥 3位于直行拱桥 2的右侧， 右转弯桥 3都在右转弯一侧与直行拱桥 2分叉， 该分叉部位为分叉点 15， 使一个直行拱桥 2和一个右转弯桥 3组成一个 "Y"字形分叉桥， 则两个分叉形拱桥成为两个同向分叉 "Y" 字形叉桥 1 ;
每个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的直行拱桥 2和右转弯桥 3有共同起桥接地端 4， 和 共同起桥接地端 4到分叉点 15之间的两桥并排段 14; 在同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1中段 高位置区域， 右转弯桥 3与直行拱桥 2分叉； 右转弯桥 3离开直行拱桥 2的高位置区域为 分叉段 7; 直行拱桥 2还有一个直桥接地端 5， 右转弯桥 3也还有一个右转桥接地端 6 ; 从 分叉点 15到直桥接地端 5为直桥单行段 8; 从分叉点 15到右转桥接地端 6为右弯桥单行 段 13 ;
分叉口相对的两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1组成组合桥， 在组合桥中， 直桥单行段
8位于对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的分叉口之中。 本发明的结构特点和相应的防止堵车的技术效果： 用独立互不连接的两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1， 分叉口两两相对的组成组合桥， 组合桥的直桥单行段 8结构形式： 每个 直桥单行段 8的部分区段位于对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的分叉口之中， 但不穿过或 不跨过对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的右弯桥单行段 13。 使其从直桥单行段 8上的车辆 能经过直桥接地端 5到地面后， 从右弯桥单行段 13下的地面穿过右弯桥单行段 13， 就能 使右弯桥单行段 13 只要一层高的桥体实现立体交通。 而避免了中国专利 200820230509.5 说明书附图公开的立交桥中， 直桥与对面右弯桥要两层桥的问题。
同向分叉 " Y"字形叉桥 1是指右转弯桥 3与直行拱桥 2有一段并排， 但右转弯桥 3 在直行拱桥 2的中段高位置区域右侧有分叉点 15。 在分叉点 15附近的右转弯桥 3和直行 拱桥 2区段最好有合符交通规范的 4.5米以上净高， 使其下面能通过机动车辆。右转弯桥 3 作为机动车辆右转弯使用。 "同向"是指两个 "Y"字形叉桥的右转弯桥 3与直行拱桥 2的 分叉方向都相同， 即右转弯桥 3都在直行拱桥 2的右侧分叉。 所以一个同向分叉 "Y"字 形叉桥 1的整体形状是： 一个右转弯桥 3和一个直行拱桥 2在共同起桥接地端 4到分叉点 15是并排的， 该并排段为两桥并排段 14。 分叉后的直行拱桥 2为直桥单行段 8， 分叉后的 右转弯桥 3为右弯桥单行段 13。
同一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的直行拱桥 2和右转弯桥 3的共同起桥接地端 4可 以是一个小区域， 则直行拱桥 2起桥点和右转弯桥 3起桥点在相同区域； 在这个相同区域 中， 直行拱桥 2起桥点和右转弯桥 3起桥点可以是同一位置， 或有一定的前后距离。
直行拱桥 2是用于十字路口相对面的两条地面支道通行的桥， "直行" 是指机动车辆 到达十字路口对面道路的意义， "直行"不是指桥的形状， 而是指桥的用途。
右转弯桥 3是用于十字路口左行交通制度的右转弯桥， "右转弯"是用途为右转弯的意 义。
右转弯桥 3的分叉段 7是用于来自对面的直行拱桥 2的机动车辆从地面穿过通行之用 的桥段， 分叉段 7的高度需要满足下面有机动车辆穿过需要的高度， 所以同一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的右转弯桥 3与直行拱桥 2最好在满足交通规范的高位置区域分叉。 同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1 的中段设有高位置区域， 以便来自左侧地面支道的右转弯 车辆从地面穿过同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1， 从而实现本同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1与来自 左侧地面支道的右转弯车辆能立体交通。 直桥接地端 5的优选位置： 对于直桥单行段 8的直桥接地端 5优选位置是位于接近对 面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1 的分叉段 7下方地面位置。 使其直行车辆可从地面穿过分 叉段 7， 则分叉段 7的高度能尽量降低， 即只要一层桥的高度。 右转弯桥 3 的优选结构： 右转弯桥 3 的右弯桥单行段 13最好是向两个直桥单行段 8 中心区域内凹的弧形结构。 为了延长右弯桥单行段 13的长度而满足坡度符合交通规范要 求， 并尽量少占用十字路口地面或空间位置，而将右弯桥单行段 13的转弯部分设置成向十 字路口中心内凹的弧形结构。 这种优选结构使本发明可用于十字路口对角处建筑物之间只 有 40米以上， 并且双向六车道的小型十字路口， 都能修建本发明的组合畅通桥。这就使本 发明可用于旧城市的干道十字路口， 实现十字路口部分直行车和右转车无交叉占道畅通。
向内凹弧形的右弯桥单行段 13 最小转弯半径设计： 组合桥的两个弧形右弯桥单行段 13相对最短距离长度为 L， 两个弧形右弯桥单行段 13的最小转弯半径为 R， 当 30.0米 L 80.0米的范围内， L和 R的数学关系式为： R = L÷ 2。 当 L=40.0米时， R=20.5米。 L 越长， 说明十字路口面积越大， 则转弯半径 R可以越大， 弧形右弯桥单行段 13可承受机 动车越快的行驶速度。 本发明组合隧道的结构是：
两个右转和直行 "Y"字形分叉隧道的组合隧道， 包括两个分叉形隧道， 其特征在于： 每个分叉形隧道都有一个直行隧道 22和一个右转弯隧道 23， 右转弯隧道 23位于直行隧道 22的右侧， 右转弯隧道 23都在右转弯一侧与直行隧道 22分叉， 该分叉部位为分叉点 35， 使一个直行隧道 22和一个右转弯隧道 23组成一个 "Y"字形分叉隧道， 则两个分叉形隧 道成为两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21 ;
每个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的直行隧道 22和右转弯隧道 23有共同进隧道接 地端 24， 和共同进隧道接地端 24到分叉点 35之间的两隧道并排段 34; 在同向分叉 "Y" 字形叉隧道 21中段深位置区域， 右转弯隧道 23与直行隧道 22分叉； 右转弯隧道 23离开 直行隧道 22的深位置区域为分叉段 27; 直行隧道 22还有一个直隧道接地端 25，右转弯隧 道 23也还有一个右转隧道接地端 26;从分叉点 35到直隧道接地端 25为直隧道单行段 28; 从分叉点 35到右转隧道接地端 26为右弯隧道单行段 33 ;
分叉口相对的两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21 组成组合隧道， 在组合隧道中， 直 隧道单行段 28位于对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的分叉口之中。 本发明的结构特点和相应的防止堵车的技术效果： 用独立互不连接的两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21， 分叉口两两相对的组成组合隧道， 组合隧道的直隧道单行段 28结构 形式： 每个直隧道单行段 28的部分区段位于对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的分叉口 之中， 但不跨过或不穿过对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的右弯隧道单行段 33。 使其 从直隧道单行段 28出来的车辆能经过直隧道接地端 25到地面后， 从对面右弯隧道单行段 33上方的地面跨过右弯隧道单行段 33， 就能使右弯隧道单行段 33只要一层深的隧道实现 立体交通。 而避免了中国专利 200820230509.5说明书附图公开的立交桥中， 直桥与对面右 弯桥要两层的问题。
同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21是指右转弯隧道 23与直行隧道 22有一段并排， 但右 转弯隧道 23在直行隧道 22的中段深位置区域右侧有分叉点 35。 在分叉点 35附近的右转 弯隧道 23和直行隧道 22区段最好有合符交通规范的 6.5米以下净深， 使其上面能通过机 动车辆。 右转弯隧道 23 作为机动车辆右转弯使用。 "同向"是指两个 "Y"字形叉隧道的 右转弯隧道 23与直行隧道 22的分叉方向都相同， 即右转弯隧道 23都在直行隧道 22的右 侧分叉。 所以一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的整体形状是： 一个右转弯隧道 23和一 个直行隧道 22在共同进隧道接地端 24到分叉点 35是并排的， 该并排段为两隧道并排段 34。 分叉后的直行隧道 22为直隧道单行段 28， 分叉后的右转弯隧道 23为右弯隧道单行段 33。
同一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的直行隧道 22和右转弯隧道 23的共同进隧道 接地端 24可以是一个小区域，则直行隧道 22起隧道点和右转弯隧道 23起隧道点在相同区 域； 在这个相同区域中，直行隧道 22起隧道点和右转弯隧道 23起隧道点可以是同一位置， 或有一定的前后距离。
直行隧道 22是用于十字路口相对面的两条地面支道通行的隧道， "直行" 是指机动车 辆到达十字路口对面道路的意义， "直行"不是指隧道的形状， 而是指隧道的用途。
右转弯隧道 23是用于十字路口左行交通制度的右转弯隧道， "右转弯"是用途为右转 弯的意义。
右转弯隧道 23的分叉段 27是用于来自对面的直行隧道 22的机动车辆从地面跨过通行 之用的隧道段， 分叉段 27的深度需要满足上面有机动车辆跨过需要的深度，所以同一个同 向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的右转弯隧道 23与直行隧道 22最好在满足交通规范的深位置 区域分叉。 同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的中段设有深位置区域， 以便来自左侧地面支道的右转 弯车辆从地面跨过同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21， 从而实现本同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21与来自左侧地面支道的右转弯车辆能立体交通。 直隧道接地端 25的优选位置：对于直隧道单行段 28的直隧道接地端 25优选位置是位 于接近对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21 的分叉段 27上方地面位置。 使其直行车辆可 从地面跨过分叉段 27， 则分叉段 27的深度能尽量降低， 即只要一层隧道的深度。 右转弯隧道 23的优选结构：右转弯隧道 23的右弯隧道单行段 33最好是向两个直隧道 单行段 28中心区域内凹的弧形结构。 为了延长右弯隧道单行段 33的长度而满足坡度符 合交通规范要求， 并尽量少占用十字路口地面或空间位置， 而将右弯隧道单行段 33的转弯 部分设置成向十字路口中心内凹的弧形结构。 这种优选结构使本发明可用于十字路口对角 处建筑物之间只有 40米以上， 并且双向六车道的小型十字路口， 都能修建本发明的组合畅 通隧道。 这就使本发明可用于旧城市的干道十字路口， 实现十字路口部分直行车和右转车 无交叉占道畅通。
向内凹弧形的右弯隧道单行段 33最小转弯半径设计：组合隧道的两个弧形右弯隧道单 行段 33相对最短距离长度为 L，两个弧形右弯隧道单行段 33的最小转弯半径为 R，当 30.0 米 L 80.0米的范围内， L和 R的数学关系式为： R = L÷ 2。 当 L=40.0米时， R=20.5 米。 L越长， 说明十字路口面积越大， 则转弯半径 R可以越大， 弧形右弯隧道单行段 33 可承受机动车越快的行驶速度。 本发明所述的右边或左边、 右面或左面、 右侧左侧的 "右" "左"是指人站在某一个同 向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的共同起桥接地端 4位置， 面对对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1 的共同起桥接地端 4去判断 "右"或 "左 "； 或是指人站在某一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉 隧道 21的共同进隧道接地端 24位置， 面对对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 21的共同进 隧道接地端 24去判断 "右"或 "左"。
本发明所述的两桥并排段 14至少包括两条车道； 所述的两隧道并排段 34至少包括两 条车道。
本发明所述的桥或隧道是至少可通行一辆机动车的桥梁或隧道， 但车道不限定宽度， 即可增加宽度并排多辆车。
本发明所述的直行拱桥 2是指机动车辆在桥上的行驶方向是直行为目的跨过十字路口 的桥， 但有水平高度意义的上坡和下坡， 所以直行拱桥 2的形状可以是直线形状或弯曲形 状， 在实际建桥时， 直行拱桥 2的形状以地面道路的形状为依据确定。 所述的直行隧道 22 是指机动车辆在隧道內的行驶方向是直行为目的穿过十字路口的隧道， 但有水平深度意义 的下坡和上坡， 所以直行隧道 22的形状可以是直线形状或弯曲形状， 在实际建隧道时， 直 行隧道 22的形状以地面道路的形状为依据确定。
本发明所述的右转弯桥 3是指用于右转弯机动车辆使用的桥。 左行制的右转桥在直行 拱桥 2的高位置右侧分叉， 使右转弯桥 3直接向右转弯的方向转弯， 不需从左边地面支道 和对面地面支道作多余的绕行。 所述的右转弯隧道 23 是指用于右转弯机动车辆使用的隧 道。 左行制的右转隧道在直行隧道 22的深位置右侧分叉， 使右转弯隧道 23直接向右转弯 的方向转弯， 不需从左边地面支道和对面地面支道作多余的绕行。
本发明所述的左行制， 指机动车辆靠左行驶的交通管理制度。
本发明所述的交叉占道冲突指在十字路口机动车辆之间的交通冲突。
本发明所述的高位置区域是指下面能通行机动车辆高度的桥体区段。 所述的深位置区 域是指上面能通行机动车辆深度的隧道体区段。
本发明没有指明是非机动车的 "车"或 "车辆"是指机动车或指机动车辆。 本发明组合桥的优点：
一、 能解决十字路口相对面两条地面支道上的直行车辆和右转弯车辆无交叉占道畅通 问题， 还解决该两条地面支道上的直行车辆和右转弯车辆， 与十字路口的另两条地面支道 上的直行车辆和右转弯车辆无交叉占道畅通问题； 特别适用于十字路口面积太小， 不能在 四条地面支道上都修立交桥的地方， 解决近 70%的交通堵塞量。 只余没有立交桥的相对面 两条地面支道的直行与右转弯车辆交叉通行这样一种情况需要红绿灯指挥交通。 如果在该 没有立交桥的相对面两条地面支道上分别设右转弯桥， 其十字路口的全部直行和右转弯车 辆实现无交叉占道畅通。
二、 把大型立交桥分为两个小型 "Y"字形立交桥， 减小地质变化的灾害： 中国专利 200820230509.5 《直接右、 左转互通立交桥》 的说明书附图所公开的网框形立交桥是连为 一体的一个整体大型网框式立交桥， 总长度很长， 占地面积很大， 当在总长度和占地面积 内有地质变化， 导致整个大型立交桥不能使用， 该十字路口交通完全瘫痪。 而本发明把上 述的整体大型网框式立交桥拆分为两个独立不相连接的同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥即小型立 交桥， 用这两个小型立交桥分别完成十字路口相对面的两条地面支道的右转和直行畅通立 交功能， 并且还能与另外两条地面支道的右转车和直行车畅通立交， 在相同的行车时速、 相同的桥体坡度等技术参数条件下， 相比中国专利 200820230509.5说明书附图的大型网框 立交桥， 本发明的每个小型立交桥比现在的大型立交桥的总长度缩短 30-35%， 两个小型立 交桥占地总面积减少 70-80%; 总之， 本发明用小型立交桥比现有的大型立交桥， 大大降低 了地质灾害的风险。
三、 同于平面交通原线路而无多余绕行： 能使双向六车道十字路口相对面的直行车和 右转弯车无交叉占道畅通， 右转弯车直接右转无多余绕行， 也不与十字路口另一条地面支 道上的车辆有交叉占道冲突。 另外修建桥的工程量少于， 节约建桥工程费用。
四、 双向六车道的小十字路口可用： 本发明只用两个同向 "Y"字形分叉形拱桥的组 合， 比现有绕行的全互通立交桥大量减少了桥的长度， 大量减少了占地面积和空间， 使其 在圆形直径只有 40米的城市双向六车道小面积十字路口也能实现大部分车辆立交畅通。
五、 直行车辆与右转车辆的立体交通只用一层桥： 全部组合桥都只用一层立交桥。 对 城市景观影响更小。 本发明组合隧道的优点：
一、 能解决十字路口相对面两条地面支道上的直行车辆和右转弯车辆无交叉占道畅通 问题， 还解决该两条地面支道上的直行车辆和右转弯车辆， 与十字路口的另两条地面支道 上的直行车辆和右转弯车辆无交叉占道畅通问题； 特别适用于十字路口面积太小， 不能在 四条地面支道下都修隧道的地方， 解决近 70%的交通堵塞量。 只余没有隧道的相对面两条 地面支道的直行与右转弯车辆交叉通行这样一种情况需要红绿灯指挥交通。 如果在该没有 隧道的相对面两条地面支道上分别设右转弯立交， 其十字路口的全部直行和右转弯车辆实 现无交叉占道畅通。
二、 两个小型 "Y"字形隧道， 减小地质变化的灾害： 中国专利 200820230509.5 《直 接右、 左转互通立交桥》 的说明书附图所公开的网框形立交桥是连为一体的一个整体大型 网框式立交桥， 总长度很长， 占地面积很大， 当在总长度和占地面积内有地质变化， 导致 整个大型立交桥不能使用， 该十字路口交通完全瘫痪。 而本发明把上述的整体大型网框式 立交桥改变为两个独立不相连接的同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道即小型隧道， 用这两个小型 隧道分别完成十字路口相对面的两条地面支道的右转和直行畅通立交功能， 并且还能与另 外两条地面支道的右转车和直行车畅通立交， 在相同的行车时速、 相同的坡度等技术参数 条件下， 相比中国专利 200820230509.5说明书附图的大型网框隧道， 本发明的每个小型隧 道比现在的大型隧道的总长度缩短 30-35%， 两个小型隧道占地总面积减少 70-80%; 总之， 本发明用小型隧道比现有的大型隧道， 大大降低了地质灾害的风险。
三、 同于平面交通原线路而无多余绕行： 能使双向六车道十字路口相对面的直行车和 右转弯车无交叉占道畅通， 右转弯车直接右转无多余绕行， 也不与十字路口另一条地面支 道的车辆有交叉占道冲突。 另外修建隧道的工程量少于， 节约建隧道工程费用。
四、 双向六车道的小十字路口可用： 本发明只用两个同向 "Y"字形分叉形隧道的组 合， 比现有绕行的全互通隧道大量减少了隧道的长度， 大量减少了占地面积和空间， 使其 在圆形直径只有 40米的城市双向六车道小面积十字路口也能实现大部分车辆立交畅通。
五、 直行车辆与右转车辆的立体交通只用一层隧道： 全部组合隧道都只用一层隧道。 对城市景观影响更小。 本发明组合桥的发明点是：
一、直行桥的上桥接地点与另一个直行桥的下桥接地点前后错位： 十字路口相对直行 的两个直行桥不共用一个桥面， 而是相互独， 一个直行桥的上桥接地点与另一个直行桥的 下桥接地点有前后错位， 错位的距离就是右转弯桥要爬升到能与对面来的直行车可立体交 通高度所需要的爬坡长度。 两个分叉口相对的同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥组成组合桥， 两个 同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥相互独立不相连接，但它们直桥单行段伸入到对面同向分叉 "Y" 字形叉桥的分叉口中。
二、 直行桥和右转弯桥的桥体不相互穿越： 这种直行桥不穿过、 不跨过对面的右转弯 桥， 就使直行桥上的车辆从地面穿过对面的右转弯桥实现直行。 这种结构使通过十字路口 后的多路车辆在地面实现合并车道离开十字路口， 只要在地面合并车道就可以有较长距离 的合并车道区段， 不易因合并车道太小太窄而堵车， 克服了中国专利 200820230509.5 《直 接右、 左转互通立交桥》 的说明书附图所公开的网框形立交桥在立交桥上合并车道太窄而 易产生堵车的问题。
三、把交通冲突点移到远离十字路口的地面支道位置去立体交通： 本发明不是在平面 交通状态发生交叉占道冲突的位置， 即不在十字路口范围内的位置解决直行车道和右转弯 车道交叉占道冲突， 而是创造性的把这类交通冲突点移到远离十字路口的四条地面支道上 用立体桥解决交通冲突， 从而能最少地占用十字路口的地面和空间。 只要十字路口直径 40 米以上的地面就能建成本发明的组合桥， 实现旧城六车道的十字路口交通大大改善， 对于 解决旧城区小十字路口交通堵塞有开创性的意义。
四、 在两对面的地面支道上， 直行桥的地面延长车道下穿对面的右转弯桥： 相对直行 即相反方向直行的两个双向直行拱桥， 相互独立、 不共用一个桥； 即直桥接地端比对面同 向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥的共同起桥接地端更接近十字路口中心； 直桥接地端在接近对面同 向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥的高位置区域接地， 这样直桥接地端留出了对面同向分叉 "Y"字形 叉桥的高位置空间，让对面的右弯桥单行段可以直接在右转弯一侧与对面的直行拱桥分叉， 两桥分叉使右转弯车辆可直接右转弯而不需要多余的绕行， 又能使离开直桥接地端的车辆 能从相对面右转弯桥的分叉段下方地面穿过，实现直行车辆与对面右转弯车辆的立体交通。 本发明组合隧道的发明点是：
一、直行隧道的进隧道接地点与另一个直行隧道的出隧道接地点前后错位： 十字路口 相对直行的两个直行隧道不共用一个隧道面， 而是相互独， 一个直行隧道的进隧道接地点 与另一个直行隧道的出隧道接地点有前后错位， 错位的距离就是右转弯隧道要下降到能与 对面来的直行车可立体交通深度所需要的爬坡长度。 两个分叉口相对的同向分叉 "Y"字 形叉隧道组成组合隧道， 两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道相互独立不相连接， 但它们直隧 道单行段部分区段伸入到对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道的分叉口中。
二、 直行隧道和对面的右转弯隧道不相互跨越： 这种直行隧道不跨过、 不穿过对面的 右转弯隧道， 就使直行隧道内的车辆从地面跨过对面的右转弯隧道实现直行。 这种结构使 通过十字路口后的多路车辆在地面实现合并车道离开十字路口， 只要在地面合并车道就可 以有较长距离的合并车道区段， 不易因合并车道太小太窄而堵车， 克服了中国专利
200820230509.5 《直接右、 左转互通隧道》 的说明书附图所公开的隧道在桥上合并车道点 太少太窄而易产生堵车的问题。
三、把交通冲突点移到远离十字路口的地面支道位置去立体交通： 本发明不是在平面 交通状态发生交叉占道冲突的位置， 即不在十字路口范围内的位置解决直行车道和右转弯 车道交叉占道冲突， 而是创造性的把这类交通冲突点移到远离十字路口的地面支道下用隧 道解决交通冲突， 从而能最少地占用十字路口的地面和空间。只要十字路口直径 40米以上 的地面就能建成本发明的组合隧道， 实现旧城至少有一条双向六车道的十字路口交通大大 改善， 对于解决旧城区小十字路口交通堵塞有开创性的意义。
四、 在两对面的地面支道， 直行隧道的地面延长车道上跨对面的右转弯隧道： 相对直 行即相反方向直行的两个双向直行隧道， 相互独立、 不共用一个隧道； 即直隧道接地端比 对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道的共同进隧道接地端更接近十字路口中心； 直隧道接地端 在接近对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道的深位置之前接地， 这样直隧道接地端留出了对面 同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道的深位置右侧空间位置， 让对面的右弯隧道单行段可以直接在 右转弯一侧与对面的直行隧道分叉， 两隧道分叉使右转弯车辆可直接右转弯而不需要多余 的绕行， 又能使离开直隧道接地端的车辆能从相对面右转弯隧道的分叉段上方地面跨过， 实现直行车辆与对面右转弯车辆的立体交通。 附图说明 图 1是组合桥的平面结构示意图；
图 2是组合桥的立体结构示意图。
图 3是组隧道的平面结构示意图；
图 1、 2中， "0"意义为上坡车道， 意义为平行车道， 意义为下坡车道。 图中： 1是同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥、 2是直行拱桥、 3是右转弯桥、 4是共同起桥接地端、 5是直桥接地端、 6是右转桥接地端、 7是分叉段、 8是直桥单行段、 13是右弯桥单行段、 14是两桥并排段、 15是分叉点、 21是同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道、 22是直行隧道、 23是 右转弯隧道、 24是共同进隧道接地端、 25是直隧道接地端、 26是右转隧道接地端、 27是 分叉段、 28是直隧道单行段、 33是右弯隧道单行段、 34是两隧道并排段、 35是分叉点。 具体实施方式
实施例 1、 左行交通制度的十字路口， 由两个同向分叉" Y"字形叉桥组成的两个右转和直 行 "Y"字形分叉桥的组合桥。
如图 1、 2，
一、 一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的结构： 每个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的直行 拱桥 2和右转弯桥 3有共同起桥接地端 4， 和共同起桥接地端 4到分叉点 15之间的两桥并 排段 14; 在同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1中段高位置区域， 右转弯桥 3在右转弯一侧与直行 拱桥 2分叉； 右转弯桥 3离开直行拱桥 2的分叉区段为分叉段 7; 直行拱桥 2还有一个直 桥接地端 5，右转弯桥 3也还有一个右转桥接地端 6; 从分叉段 7到直桥接地端 5为直桥单 行段 8; 从分叉段 7到右转桥接地端 6为右弯桥单行段 13。
二、 组合桥的结构： 分叉口相对的两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1组成组合桥， 组合 桥的每个直桥单行段 8跨过十字路口并伸入到对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1的分叉口之 中， 在对面的分叉段 7的下面接地面。 组合桥中的两个直桥单行段 8从上向下的正投影成 部分并排形， 且人占在直桥单行段 8某一侧地面看该两个直桥单行段 8成上下交叉结构。
三、 右转弯桥 3的结构： 右转弯桥 3的分叉段 7是最高区段， 分叉段 7下面的地面能 通行机动车辆。 右转桥接地端 6在本同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1右边的地面支道与地面连 接， 实现右转弯。 在同一个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1中， 右转弯桥 3的分叉段 7在直行 拱桥 2中段高位置区域的右边分叉。 适用于左行制交通规则机动车辆从直行拱桥 2的右边 分道进入右弯桥单行段 13实现右转弯。
四、 每个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1 的直行拱桥 2和右转弯桥 3的共同起桥接地端 4 在远离十字路口分别与一条地面支道的左侧边道连通，每个两桥并排段 14分别位于一条地 面支道的左侧边道上面， 每个直桥单行段 8分别从地上跨过十字路口中心后下坡， 伸入到 对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1 的分叉口之间， 每个右弯桥单行段 13的上桥段沿本地面 支道范围的上面直行， 到十字路口再向右转弯。
五、 使用本实施例的十字路口， 组合桥上直行车的行车路线为： 某地面支道-…共同起 桥接地端 4----两桥并排段 14 [图中的 0] - --直行拱桥 2与右弯桥单行段 13分叉的中段高 位置区域， 即直行拱桥 2达到与地面之间有 4.5米净空高度 [图中的 §] -…直桥单行段 8 的前段-- --在十字路口中心与地面之间有 4.5米净空高度 [图中的§] --- -直桥单行段 8的后 段 [图中的§] --- -直桥接地端 5----地面延长车道从对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 1右弯桥 单行段 13的分叉段 7下面穿过… -到达对面的地面支道， 实现在十字路口直行。
六、 使用本实施例的十字路口， 右转弯车的行车路线为： 某地面支道- ---共同起桥接地 端 4----两桥并排段 14 [图中的 0] - --直行拱桥 2与右弯桥单行段 13分叉的中段高位置区 域， 即直行拱桥 2达到与地面之间有 4.5米净空高度 --- -向右转进入分叉段 7----右弯桥单行 段 13 [图中的 -…右转弯桥接地端 6-—右弯桥单行段 13的地面延长车道到达右边的地 面支道实现在十字路口右转弯。
本实施例能使十字路口相对面两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆实现无交叉占道畅 通， 并且另外两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆与本组合桥立体交通， 只余没有立交桥的 相对面两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆交叉通行这一样情况需要红绿灯指挥交通。 如果 在该没有立交桥的相对面两条地面支道上分别设右转弯桥， 其十字路口的全部直行和右转 弯车辆实现无交叉占道畅通。 实施例 2、 左行交通制度的十字路口， 右弯桥单行段为内凹的弧形组合桥。
包括实施例 1的全部结构，右转弯桥 3的右弯桥单行段 13是向两个直桥单行段 8中心 区域内凹的弧形结构。组合桥的两个弧形右弯桥单行段 13相对最短距离长度为 L， 两个弧 形右弯桥单行段 13的最小转弯半径为 R， 当 30.0米 L 80.0米的范围内， L和 R的数学 关系式为： R = L÷ 2。 本实施例 R=20.5米， L= 40.0米， 加上两条右弯桥单行段 13宽度之 和的 18.0米，则本实施例的立交桥在十字路口的地上面只占用直径为 58.0米的圆形空间区 域， 就能使十字路口相对面两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆实现无交叉占道畅通。 实施例 3、 左行交通制度的十字路口， 由两个同向分叉" Y"字形叉隧道组成的两个右转和 直行 "Y"字形分叉隧道的组合隧道。
如图 3，
一、 一个同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21 的结构： 每个同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21 的直行隧道 22和右转弯隧道 23有共同进隧道接地端 24， 和共同进隧道接地端 24到分叉 点 35之间的两隧道并排段 34; 在同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21中段深位置区域， 右转弯 隧道 23在右转弯一侧与直行隧道 22分叉； 右转弯隧道 23离开直行隧道 22的分叉区段为 分叉段 27; 直行隧道 22还有一个直隧道接地端 25，右转弯隧道 23也还有一个右转隧道接 地端 26; 从分叉段 27到直隧道接地端 25为直隧道单行段 28; 从分叉段 27到右转隧道接 地端 26为右弯隧道单行段 33。
二、 组合隧道的结构： 分叉口相对的两个同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21 组成组合隧 道， 组合隧道的每个直隧道单行段 28 穿过十字路口并伸入到对面同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉 隧道 21的分叉口之中， 在对面的分叉段 27的上面接地面。 组合隧道中的两个直隧道单行 段 28从下向上的正投影成部分并排形， 且人占在直隧道单行段 28某一侧地面看该两个直 隧道单行段 28成下上交叉结构。
三、 右转弯隧道 23的结构： 右转弯隧道 23的分叉段 27是最深区段， 分叉段 27上面 的地面能通行机动车辆。 右转隧道接地端 26在本同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21右边的地 面支道与地面连接， 实现右转弯。 在同一个同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21 中， 右转弯隧 道 23的分叉段 27在直行隧道 22中段深位置区域的右边分叉。适用于左行制交通规则机动 车辆从直行隧道 22的右边分道进入右弯隧道单行段 33实现右转弯。
四、 每个同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21的直行隧道 22和右转弯隧道 23的共同进隧 道接地端 24在远离十字路口分别与一条地面支道的左侧边道连通， 每个两隧道并排段 34 分别位于一条地面支道的左侧边道下面，每个直隧道单行段 28分别从地下穿过十字路口中 心后上坡， 伸入到对面同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 21 的分叉口之间， 每个右弯隧道单行 段 33的下隧道段沿本地面支道范围的下面直行， 到十字路口再向右转弯。
五、 使用本实施例的十字路口， 组合隧道下直行车的行车路线为： 某地面支道… -共同 进隧道接地端 24----两隧道并排段 34 [图中的 0] -- --直行隧道 22与右弯隧道单行段 33分 叉的中段深位置区域， 即直行隧道 22达到与地面之间有 4.5米净空深度 [图中的 §] -… 直隧道单行段 28的前段一-在十字路口中心与地面之间有 4.5米净空深度 [图中的 §] -- 直隧道单行段 28的后段 [图中的回] -…直隧道接地端 25…-地面延长车道从对面同向分叉 " Υ"字形叉隧道 21右弯隧道单行段 33的分叉段 27上面跨过… -到达对面的地面支道，实 现在十字路口直行。
六、 使用本实施例的十字路口， 右转弯车的行车路线为： 某地面支道- ---共同进隧道接 地端 24…-两隧道并排段 34 [图中的 0] - --直行隧道 22与右弯隧道单行段 33分叉的中段 深位置区域， 即直行隧道 22达到与地面之间有 4.5米净空深度… -向右转进入分叉段 27---- 右弯隧道单行段 33 [图中的 §] -…右转弯隧道接地端 26…-右弯隧道单行段 33的地面延长 车道到达右边的地面支道实现在十字路口右转弯。
本实施例能使十字路口相对面两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆实现无交叉占道畅 通， 并且另外两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆与本组合隧道立体交通， 只余没有隧道的 相对面两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆交叉通行这一样情况需要红绿灯指挥交通。 如果 在该没有隧道的相对面两条地面支道下分别设右转弯隧道， 其十字路口的全部直行和右转 弯车辆实现无交叉占道畅通。
实施例 4、 左行交通制度的十字路口， 右弯隧道单行段为内凹的弧形组合隧道。
包括实施例 3的全部结构， 右转弯隧道 23的右弯隧道单行段 33是向两个直隧道单行 段 28中心区域内凹的弧形结构。 组合隧道的两个弧形右弯隧道单行段 33相对最短距离长 度为 L， 两个弧形右弯隧道单行段 33的最小转弯半径为 R， 当 30.0米 L 80.0米的范围 内， L和 R的数学关系式为： R = L÷ 2。 本实施例 R=20.5米， L= 40.0米， 加下两条右弯隧 道单行段 33宽度之和的 18.0米，则本实施例的隧道在十字路口的地下面只占用直径为 58.0 米的圆形空间区域， 就能使十字路口相对面两条地面支道的直行和右转弯车辆实现无交叉 占道畅通。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 、 两个右转和直行 " Y"字形分叉桥的组合桥， 包括两个分叉形拱桥， 其特征在于： 每个 分叉形拱桥都有一个直行拱桥 （2) 和一个右转弯桥 （3)， 右转弯桥 （3) 位于直行拱桥
(2) 的右侧， 右转弯桥 （3) 都在右转弯一侧与直行拱桥 （2) 分叉， 该分叉部位为分 叉点 （15)， 使一个直行拱桥 （2)和一个右转弯桥 （3) 组成一个 "Y"字形分叉桥， 则 两个分叉形拱桥成为两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 （1);
每个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 （1) 的直行拱桥 （2)和右转弯桥 （3)有共同起桥 接地端 （4)， 和共同起桥接地端 （4) 到分叉点 （15) 之间的两桥并排段 （14); 在同 向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 （1) 中段高位置区域， 右转弯桥 （3) 与直行拱桥 （2) 分叉； 右转弯桥 （3) 离开直行拱桥 （2) 的高位置区域为分叉段 （7); 直行拱桥 （2) 还有一 个直桥接地端 （5)， 右转弯桥 （3) 也还有一个右转桥接地端 （6); 从分叉点 （15) 到 直桥接地端 （5) 为直桥单行段 （8); 从分叉点 （15) 到右转桥接地端 （6) 为右弯桥 单行段 （13);
分叉口相对的两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥（1)组成组合桥， 在组合桥中， 直桥 单行段 （8) 位于对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 （1) 的分叉口之中。
、 根据权利要求 1所述的两个右转和直行 "Y"字形分叉桥的组合桥， 其特征在于： 直桥 接地端 （5) 在接近对面同向分叉 "Y"字形叉桥 （1) 的分叉段 （7) 下面位置。 、 根据权利要求 1所述的两个右转和直行 " Y"字形分叉桥的组合桥， 其特征在于： 右转 弯桥 （3) 的右弯桥单行段 （13) 是向两个直桥单行段 （8) 中心区域内凹的弧形结构。 、 根据权利要求 3所述的两个右转和直行 " Y"字形分叉桥的组合桥， 其特征在于： 组合 桥的两个弧形右弯桥单行段（13)相对最短距离长度为 L，两个弧形右弯桥单行段（13) 的最小转弯半径为 R， 当 30.0米 L 80.0米的范围内， L和 R的数学关系式为： R = L ÷2。
、 两个右转和直行 "Y"字形分叉隧道的组合隧道， 包括两个分叉形隧道， 其特征在于： 每个分叉形隧道都有一个直行隧道 （22) 和一个右转弯隧道 （23)， 右转弯隧道 （23) 位于直行隧道 （22) 的右侧， 右转弯隧道 （23) 都在右转弯一侧与直行隧道 （22) 分 叉， 该分叉部位为分叉点 （35)， 使一个直行隧道 （22) 和一个右转弯隧道 （23) 组 成一个 "γ"字形分叉隧道， 则两个分叉形隧道成为两个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道
(21)； 每个同向分叉 "Y"字形叉隧道 （21) 的直行隧道 （22) 和右转弯隧道 （23) 有 共同进隧道接地端 （24)， 和共同进隧道接地端 （24) 到分叉点 （35) 之间的两隧道并 排段 （34); 在同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 （21) 中段深位置区域， 右转弯隧道 （23) 与直行隧道 （22) 分叉； 右转弯隧道 （23) 离开直行隧道 （22) 的深位置区域为分叉 段 （27); 直行隧道 （22) 还有一个直隧道接地端 （25)， 右转弯隧道 （23) 也还有一 个右转隧道接地端（26); 从分叉点（35)到直隧道接地端（25)为直隧道单行段（28); 从分叉点 （35) 到右转隧道接地端 （26) 为右弯隧道单行段 （33);
分叉口相对的两个同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道（21)组成组合隧道， 在组合隧道中， 直隧道单行段 （28) 位于对面同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 （21) 的分叉口之中。
、 根据权利要求 5所述的两个右转和直行 " Υ"字形分叉隧道的组合隧道， 其特征在于： 直隧道接地端 （25) 在接近对面同向分叉 "Υ"字形叉隧道 （21) 的分叉段 （27) 上 方地面位置。
、 根据权利要求 5所述的两个右转和直行 " Υ"字形分叉隧道的组合隧道， 其特征在于： 右转弯隧道 （23) 的右弯隧道单行段 （33) 是向两个直隧道单行段 （28) 中心区域内 凹的弧形结构。
、 根据权利要求 7所述的两个右转和直行 " Υ"字形分叉隧道的组合隧道， 其特征在于： 组合隧道的两个弧形右弯隧道单行段（33)相对最短距离长度为 L， 两个弧形右弯隧道 单行段（33) 的最小转弯半径为 R， 当 30.0米 L 80.0米的范围内， L和 R的数学关 系式为： R = L÷2。
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