WO2011137668A1 - 旋风除尘装置 - Google Patents

旋风除尘装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011137668A1
WO2011137668A1 PCT/CN2011/070005 CN2011070005W WO2011137668A1 WO 2011137668 A1 WO2011137668 A1 WO 2011137668A1 CN 2011070005 W CN2011070005 W CN 2011070005W WO 2011137668 A1 WO2011137668 A1 WO 2011137668A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
cylindrical
cyclone dust
dust
cartridge
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PCT/CN2011/070005
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵德政
Original Assignee
Zhao Dezheng
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Publication date
Application filed by Zhao Dezheng filed Critical Zhao Dezheng
Publication of WO2011137668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011137668A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
    • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow

Definitions

  • the utility model belongs to the improvement of the structure of the cyclone dust collector, in particular to the improved cyclone dust removing device.
  • the cyclone dust collector is a dust removing device that uses the inertial centrifugal force acting on the dust particles during the rotation of the airflow to separate the dust particles from the airflow.
  • the cyclone dust collector is simple in structure, small in size, convenient to use and maintain, and widely used in ventilation and dust removal projects.
  • the working principle of the cyclone dust collector is: the movement of the airflow and the dust particles in the cyclone dust collector.
  • the common cyclone dust collector is composed of a cylinder, a cone, and a discharge pipe, as shown in the figure. After the dusty airflow enters the dust collector by the tangential line, the outer wall is rotated from the top to the bottom, and the downwardly rotating airflow is an external swirling flow.
  • the outer swirl After the outer swirl reaches the bottom of the cone, it turns upwards, the axis rotates upward, and finally exits through the discharge pipe. This upward flow is called the inner vortex.
  • the downward outer vortex and the upward inner vortex are the same in both directions of rotation.
  • the airflow rotates, the dust particles move to the outer wall under the push of inertial centrifugal force.
  • the dust particles reaching the outer wall, under the combined action of airflow and gravity extend into the ash bucket.
  • the airflow When the airflow is rotated at a high speed from the top of the precipitator, the pressure at the top drops. A part of the airflow will be turned upside down with the fine dust particles. After reaching the top, it will rotate down the outer wall of the discharge pipe and be discharged from the discharge pipe. This swirling airflow is called the upper vortex.
  • the airflow of the actual cyclone is very complicated.
  • the radial velocity of the outer vortex is centripetal and the radial velocity of the inner vortex is outward.
  • the tangential velocity of the vortex increases as the radius decreases.
  • the tangential velocity of the inner vortex decreases as the radius decreases.
  • the radial velocity distribution along the height is uneven, and the upper portion is smaller.
  • the centripetal motion of the outer vortex flow is detrimental to the separation of the dust particles.
  • the force of the dust particles in the outer vortex in the radial direction inertial centrifugal force + the force of the centripetal movement of the air against the dust particles. If the inertial centrifugal force is greater than the force of the centripetal motion of the airflow against the dust particles, the dust particles move to the outer wall under the action of inertial centrifugal force; if the inertial centrifugal force is less than the force of the centripetal movement of the airflow to the dust particles, the dust particles are in the centripetal airflow Pushed into the inner vortex and finally discharged the dust collector.
  • the factors affecting the performance of the cyclone are as follows: 1 inlet speed; 2 cylinder direct and discharge pipe diameter; 3 cylinder and cone height of cyclone; 4 rigor of lower cyclone; 5 airflow in cylinder Flow pattern and generated centrifugal force; the length of the exhaust pipe extending into the barrel. Because the above factors determine the detergency effect of the dust collector, the existing dust collector still has relatively low dust removal effect, high cost and large energy consumption while satisfying the above factors.
  • the utility model aims to provide an improved cyclone dust removing device, which has reasonable structure, reduces the dust removal amount of the lower-stage wet type and the bag, reduces the power consumption of the fan, is easy to realize low cost, has wide industrial application, and has significant social and environmental benefits. ,Energy saving.
  • an improved cyclone dust removing device comprising a dust removing cylinder body consisting of a cylindrical cylinder and a cone-shaped cylinder located below the cylindrical body, the upper end of the cylindrical cylinder is closed, and the cone is closed.
  • the lower end of the tubular body is open, and a tangential air inlet pipe communicating with the upper tubular wall of the cylindrical cylinder is arranged, and the exhaust pipe extends from the upper end of the cylindrical cylinder into the cylindrical cylinder in a vertical state, and is located at the extension
  • the lower end of the exhaust pipe into the cylindrical cylinder body is connected with a cylindrical cylinder uniformly provided with a through hole on the peripheral wall.
  • the cylindrical cylinder wall is uniformly provided with perforations, and the length of the cylinder affects the efficiency of the dust collector, and the cylinder shaft The length is too short and there is no flow pattern. If it is too long, the dust particles will be blown out of the air duct from the outlet, but the dust removal effect will not be achieved.
  • a steel mesh is used at the lower end of the exhaust pipe to form a cylindrical pipe with filtering effect, which is convenient for construction and industrial production, and has
  • the mesh size of the cylinder should be determined according to the dust size and humidity.
  • the axial length of the cylinder should be based on the air volume, which can improve the cyclone dust.
  • the utility model has reasonable structure, reduces the dust removal amount of the lower-stage wet type and the cloth bag, reduces the power consumption of the fan, is easy to realize the low cost, has wide industrial application, and has significant social and environmental benefits, and saves energy and reduces consumption.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the utility model.
  • An improved cyclone dust removing device as shown in FIG. 1, comprises a dust removing cylinder body composed of a cylindrical tubular body 2 and a cone-shaped cylindrical body 5 located therebelow, and the upper end of the cylindrical tubular body 2 is closed, and the cone is closed.
  • the lower end of the cylindrical body 5 is open, and a tangential air inlet pipe 1 communicating therewith is disposed on the upper cylinder wall of the cylindrical tubular body 2, and the exhaust air pipe 3 extends from the upper end of the cylindrical tubular body 2 into the cylindrical tubular body in a vertical state.
  • a cylindrical cylinder which is uniformly provided with a through hole is connected to the peripheral wall.
  • the wall of the cylinder is made of steel mesh 4 with mesh
  • the mesh is a hollow perforation, and the shape of the mesh is a diamond or a square.
  • the density of the steel mesh 4 and the mesh number are determined according to the dust size and humidity.
  • the elongation of the steel mesh should be such that it does not block the air volume.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　旋风除尘装置 改进的旋风除尘装置
改进的旋风除尘装置
技术领域
本实用新型属于旋风除尘器结构的改进，特别是改进的旋风除尘装置。
背景技术
旋风除尘器是利用气流旋转过程中作用在尘粒上的惯性离心力，使尘粒从气流中分离的除尘装置。旋风除尘器结构简单、体积小、使用维修方便在通风除尘工程中广泛应用。旋风除尘器的工作原理为：旋风除尘器内气流与尘粒的运动普通的旋风除尘器是由筒体、锥体、和排出管三部分组成，如图。含尘气流由切线进入除尘器后，延外壁由上向下作旋转运动，这股向下旋转的气流为外旋流。外旋流到达锥体底部后，转而向上，延轴心向上旋转，最后经排出管排出。这股向上的气流称为内涡旋。向下的外涡旋和向上的内涡旋，两者的旋转方向是相同的。气流作旋转运动时尘粒在惯性离心力的推动下，要向外壁移动。到达外壁的尘粒在气流和重力的共同作用下，延壁而落入灰斗。气流从除尘器顶部向下高速旋转时，顶部的压力发生下降。一部分气流会带着细小的尘粒延外壁转向上，达到顶部后，再沿排出管外壁旋转向下，从排出管排出。这股旋转气流称为上涡旋。
实际旋风除尘器的气流则很复杂，除了切向和轴向的运动外，还有径向的运动，外涡旋的径向速度为向心，内涡旋的径向速度则向外。涡旋的切向速度是随半径的减小而增加，内涡旋的切向速度是随半径的减小而减小，径向速度沿高度的分布是不均匀的，上部大下部小。外涡旋气流的向心运动对尘粒的分离是不利的，有些细小的尘粒会在向心气流的带动下进入内涡旋，然后从排出管排出。外涡旋内的尘粒在径向受到的力=惯性离心力+向心运动的气流对尘粒的作用力。如果惯性离心力大于向心运动的气流对尘粒的作用力，尘粒在惯性离心力的作用下向外壁移动;如果惯性离心力小于向心运动的气流对尘粒的作用力，尘粒在向心气流的推动下进入内涡旋，最后排出除尘器。
影响旋风除尘器性能的因素如下：①进口速度；②筒体直接和排出管直径；③旋风除尘器的筒体和锥体高度；④旋风除尘器下部的严密性；⑤筒体中气流组织的流型和产生的离心力；排风管伸入筒体的长度。由于上述因素决定了除尘器的除尘效果的优劣，而现有除尘器在满足上述因素的同时，其除尘效果仍然相对较低，成本高，耗能量大。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种改进的旋风除尘装置，其结构合理，减少下级湿式和布袋的除尘量，降低风机耗电量，易实现成本低，工业应用广泛，产生的社会和环保效益显著，节能降耗。
本实用新型的目的是这样实现的：一种改进的旋风除尘装置，包括由圆柱状筒体和位于其下方的锥体状筒体构成的除尘筒体，圆柱状筒体的上端筒口封闭，锥体状筒体下端开口，在圆柱状筒体上部筒壁上设置着与其连通的切向进风管，排风管以竖直状态从圆柱状筒体上端伸入圆柱状筒体内，在位于伸入圆柱状筒体内排风管的下端连接着周壁上均布设置有通孔的圆柱筒。
由于在伸入本实用新型除尘筒体内的排风管下端连接有起导流除尘作用的圆柱筒，该圆柱筒筒壁上均布有穿孔，筒体的长短影响除尘器的效率，筒体轴向长度太短无流型，太长则会将尘粒从出口吹出风道，反而起不到除尘的作用。为了更好的组织空气进入除尘器中的流型，保证较高的离心力，因此在排风管下端采用钢板网，形成一个有过滤作用的圆柱喉管，这样既方便施工和工业制作，又有较好的流型和流道，圆柱筒的网孔目数要根据粉尘大小和湿度情况进行实验后确定，同时圆柱筒的轴向长度要以不阻挡风量为准，可很好的提高旋风除尘器的整体效率。本实用新型结构合理，减少下级湿式和布袋的除尘量，降低风机耗电量，易实现成本低，工业应用广泛，产生的社会和环保效益显著，节能降耗。
附图说明
下面将结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。
图1为本实用新型的剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
一种改进的旋风除尘装置，如图1所示，包括由圆柱状筒体2和位于其下方的锥体状筒体5构成的除尘筒体，圆柱状筒体2的上端筒口封闭，锥体状筒体5下端开口，在圆柱状筒体2上部筒壁上设置着与其连通的切向进风管1，排风管3以竖直状态从圆柱状筒体2上端伸入圆柱状筒体2内，在位于伸入圆柱状筒体2内排风管3的下端连接着周壁上均布设置有通孔的圆柱筒。
圆柱筒的筒壁由均布有网孔的钢板网4 构成，所述的网孔即为镂空的穿孔，网孔的形状为菱形或正方形。钢板网4的密度和网孔目数要根据粉尘大小和湿度情况进行实验后确定。同时钢板网的进伸长度要以不阻挡风量为宜。

Claims (1)

  1. 权利要求书
    1、一种改进的旋风除尘装置，包括由圆柱状筒体(2)和位于其下方的锥体状筒体(5)构成的除尘筒体，圆柱状筒体(2)的上端筒口封闭，锥体状筒体(5)下端开口，在圆柱状筒体(2)上部筒壁上设置着与其连通的切向进风管(1),排风管(3)以竖直状态从圆柱状筒体(2)上端伸入圆柱状筒体(2)内，其特征是：在位于伸入圆柱状筒体(2)内排风管(3)的下端连接着周壁上均布设置有通孔的圆柱筒。
    2、根据权利要求1所述的改进的旋风除尘装置，其特征是：圆柱筒的筒壁由均布有网孔的钢板网(4) 构成。
    3、根据权利要求2所述的改进的旋风除尘装置，其特征是：网孔的形状为菱形或正方形。
PCT/CN2011/070005 2010-05-05 2011-01-03 旋风除尘装置 WO2011137668A1 (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2469057B (en) * 2009-03-31 2012-10-10 Dyson Technology Ltd Separating apparatus for a cleaning appliance
CN110215765A (zh) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-10 中国石油大学(北京) 一种抑制升气管外壁结焦的旋风分离器及分离系统
CN110755971A (zh) * 2018-07-25 2020-02-07 曲靖市首锋矿山配件有限公司 一种轧钢生产尾气处理系统
CN113877348A (zh) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-04 南京工业大学 一种旋风分离与钢-陶瓷复合平板膜组高温除尘一体化装置

Families Citing this family (5)

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CN104906878A (zh) * 2015-06-17 2015-09-16 王迪蔚 一种气体干燥前处理装置
CN108067066A (zh) * 2016-11-17 2018-05-25 长沙中彬环保科技有限公司 高效双级气流捕集除尘器
CN108249162B (zh) * 2017-12-04 2022-08-26 安徽匠桥财务咨询服务有限公司 一种除尘收粮机及其工作方法
CN109603318B (zh) * 2019-02-19 2024-01-02 上海震业环境科技有限公司 一种二次旋风高效除尘器
CN110652830A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-01-07 秦皇岛中青冶金阀门有限公司 一种多管旋风除尘器及除尘方法

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CN2036446U (zh) * 1988-08-11 1989-04-26 曾明 复合旋风过滤式除尘器
US5163786A (en) * 1987-08-12 1992-11-17 Christianson Systems, Inc. Cyclone separator with filter assembly for pneumatic conveyor
CN2152593Y (zh) * 1993-02-26 1994-01-12 包头钢铁稀土公司冶金研究所 复合式分离除尘器
CN2584264Y (zh) * 2002-12-04 2003-11-05 北京理工大学 复式高效旋风筒滤清器
CN101342437A (zh) * 2008-08-11 2009-01-14 陈美青 旋风式滤筒除尘器

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US5163786A (en) * 1987-08-12 1992-11-17 Christianson Systems, Inc. Cyclone separator with filter assembly for pneumatic conveyor
CN2036446U (zh) * 1988-08-11 1989-04-26 曾明 复合旋风过滤式除尘器
CN2152593Y (zh) * 1993-02-26 1994-01-12 包头钢铁稀土公司冶金研究所 复合式分离除尘器
CN2584264Y (zh) * 2002-12-04 2003-11-05 北京理工大学 复式高效旋风筒滤清器
CN101342437A (zh) * 2008-08-11 2009-01-14 陈美青 旋风式滤筒除尘器

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2469057B (en) * 2009-03-31 2012-10-10 Dyson Technology Ltd Separating apparatus for a cleaning appliance
CN110755971A (zh) * 2018-07-25 2020-02-07 曲靖市首锋矿山配件有限公司 一种轧钢生产尾气处理系统
CN110215765A (zh) * 2019-04-18 2019-09-10 中国石油大学(北京) 一种抑制升气管外壁结焦的旋风分离器及分离系统
CN113877348A (zh) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-04 南京工业大学 一种旋风分离与钢-陶瓷复合平板膜组高温除尘一体化装置

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