WO2011136025A1 - 車両の操舵時挙動改善装置 - Google Patents
車両の操舵時挙動改善装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011136025A1 WO2011136025A1 PCT/JP2011/059175 JP2011059175W WO2011136025A1 WO 2011136025 A1 WO2011136025 A1 WO 2011136025A1 JP 2011059175 W JP2011059175 W JP 2011059175W WO 2011136025 A1 WO2011136025 A1 WO 2011136025A1
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- steering
- vehicle
- driving force
- behavior
- motor torque
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 38
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 16
- 206010027336 Menstruation delayed Diseases 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028838 turning behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2036—Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W2540/18—Steering angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2720/00—Output or target parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
- B60W2720/30—Wheel torque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/02—Control of vehicle driving stability
- B60W30/045—Improving turning performance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18145—Cornering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for improving the behavior at the time of steering of a vehicle capable of traveling by driving wheels by a driving force from a power source, specifically, yawing behavior and roll behavior.
- Both the decrease in the road surface friction coefficient and the increase in the suspension stroke act to make the yawing behavior around the vertical axis passing through the center of gravity of the vehicle non-linear when steering is performed to steer the steered wheels.
- a large and heavy battery is installed in the central part under the vehicle body floor, so that the nonlinear characteristics of the yawing behavior cannot be overlooked.
- the increase in the suspension stroke further increases the roll, which is a tilting behavior around the longitudinal axis of the vehicle body.
- the suspension rigidity is increased by using a technique such as that described in Patent Document 1 and using a high-rigidity elastic bush or a high-rigidity insulator for the attachment part of the suspension device. It is possible. Further, as a measure for preventing the body roll from becoming large, it is conceivable to increase the vibration damping force of the shock absorber constituting the suspension device by using the technique described in Patent Document 2, for example.
- the present invention does not change any of the suspension rigidity and vibration damping force of the shock absorber. Therefore, the spring constant of the suspension device becomes large, a new problem relating to vibration and noise, and a damping force adjusting mechanism. It is an object of the present invention to propose a vehicle steering behavior improvement device that can improve yawing behavior and roll behavior during vehicle steering without causing problems such as high costs due to the addition of the above.
- the vehicle steering behavior improvement apparatus is such that steering for steering a steering wheel of a vehicle is performed on a vehicle that can run by driving wheels by a driving force from a power source.
- the driving force to the wheel is temporarily reduced when the set time has elapsed since the detection of the steering.
- the moment is increased and the lateral force of the apparent steered wheel is reduced, thereby suppressing a change in the yaw rate of the vehicle during steering of the vehicle, and the yawing behavior of the vehicle becomes a non-linear characteristic.
- the shock absorber can increase the vibration damping force due to the increase of the stroke speed, the roll suppression force is increased, and the problem that the roll behavior becomes large can be solved. A roll feeling can be improved.
- the suspension rigidity and the vibration damping force of the shock absorber are not increased as in the prior art, and accordingly, the spring constant of the suspension device is increased, so that new problems relating to vibration and noise, and damping force adjustment can be adjusted.
- the steering behavior improvement effect described above can be achieved without causing a problem of high cost due to the addition of a mechanism or the like.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram showing a drive system and a control system of a vehicle including a steering behavior improving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 3 is a flowchart showing a steering behavior improvement control program executed by the electric motor controller in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is an operation time chart of steering behavior improvement control according to FIG. 2, (a) is a time chart showing a time-series change in drive torque correction amount, (b) is a time chart showing a time-series change in yaw rate difference, c) is a time chart showing the time series change of the turning moment generated by each steered wheel compared with the case where the steering behavior improvement control of FIG. 2 is not performed.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart showing a time-series change in lateral force due to a difference in turning moment between inner and outer wheels when behavior improvement control during steering is performed according to FIG. 2.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart showing time-series changes in inner and outer wheel load changes when the steering behavior improvement control is performed according to FIG. 2.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is an operation time chart of the steering behavior improvement control according to FIG. 2, (a) is a time chart showing a time series change of the drive torque correction amount, (b) is a time series change of the shock absorber stroke speed, FIG. (C) shows the time series change of the roll angle difference compared to the case where the steering behavior improvement control is not performed in FIG. It is a time chart which shows.
- FIG. 1 shows a drive system and a control system of a vehicle provided with a steering behavior improving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the vehicle in FIG. 1 is a left and right front wheel 1L, 1R which is also a steering wheel.
- the left and right steered wheels 1L and 1R are driven by an electric motor (power source) 2 via a speed reducer (including a differential gear device) 3.
- the electric motor controller 4 converts the power of the battery 5, which is a power source, into DC-AC conversion by the inverter 6 and supplies this AC power to the electric motor 2 under the control of the inverter 6.
- the electric motor 2 is controlled so that the torque of the electric motor 2 matches the calculation result (target motor torque) in the electric motor controller 4.
- the electric motor controller 4 applies an electric power generation load to the electric motor 2 via the inverter 6. At this time, the electric power generated by the electric motor 2 due to the regenerative braking action is AC-DC converted by the inverter 6 to charge the battery 5.
- the electric motor controller 4 includes, as information for calculating the target motor torque, a signal from the vehicle speed sensor 7 that detects the vehicle speed V, which is the ground speed of the electric vehicle, and an accelerator opening (electric Wheel speed sensor group 9 for individually detecting the wheel speed Vw of the left and right front wheels (steering wheels) 1L and 1R and the left and right rear wheels (not shown) And a signal from the current sensor 10 for detecting the current of the electric motor 2 (currents iu, iv, and iw because it is a three-phase alternating current composed of U phase, V phase, and W phase in FIG. 1). .
- the electric motor controller 4 generates a PWM signal for controlling the electric motor 2 according to the input information, and generates a drive signal for the inverter 6 through the drive circuit according to the PWM signal.
- the inverter 6 is composed of, for example, two switching elements (for example, power semiconductor elements such as IGBT) for each phase, and the DC current supplied from the battery 5 is turned on / off according to the drive signal. Is converted into an alternating current and reversely converted to supply a desired current to the electric motor 2.
- the electric motor 2 generates a driving force by an alternating current supplied from the inverter 6, and transmits the driving force to the left and right front wheels (left and right steering wheels) 1L and 1R through the speed reducer 3.
- the electric motor 2 When the vehicle is traveling, when the electric motor 2 is rotated by the left and right front wheels 1L and 1R, so-called reverse driving, the electric motor 2 is subjected to a regenerative braking action by applying a generation load to the electric motor 2 so that the vehicle motion The energy is regenerated and stored in the battery 5.
- the electric motor controller 4 executes the control program shown in FIG. 2 and performs vehicle steering behavior improvement control through the driving force control of the electric motor 2 as follows.
- step S11 based on the wheel speed Vw of each wheel detected by the wheel speed sensor group 9, the wheel speed difference between the left and right front wheels 1L, 1R, the wheel speed difference between the left and right rear wheels (not shown), or the left and right front wheels Steering to steer left and right front wheels 1L and 1R depending on whether the difference between the front and rear wheel speeds between the average wheel speed of 1L and 1R and the average wheel speed of left and right rear wheels (not shown) is greater than or equal to the steering judgment value Check if has been done. Therefore, step S11 corresponds to the steering detection means in the present invention.
- step S11 At the time of non-steering in which it is determined in step S11 that the wheel speed difference is less than the set value, the vehicle behavior improvement control during steering is unnecessary, so the control program of FIG. At the time of steering, since the vehicle behavior improvement control during steering is necessary, the control is advanced to step S12 and thereafter, and the vehicle behavior improvement control during vehicle steering via the driving force control of the electric motor 2 is performed as follows. To do.
- step S12 immediately after the steering start instant t1 indicated by the solid line waveform in FIG. 3 (a) with respect to the target motor torque of the electric motor 2 obtained from the vehicle speed V and the accelerator opening APO based on the planned motor torque map.
- the motor torque increase correction is performed to correct the target motor torque by adding the drive torque correction amount at.
- step S13 the timer counter TM1 is incremented (stepped), and the elapsed time from the motor torque increase correction start time (steering start time) t1 is measured.
- step S14 it is determined whether or not the timer counter TM1 has reached the predetermined time TM1s, that is, when the predetermined time TM1s has elapsed from t1 at the start of motor torque increase correction (at the start of steering), as shown in FIG. Check if t2 is reached.
- step S14 Until it is determined in step S14 that TM1 ⁇ TM1s (the predetermined time TM1s has elapsed from the start of motor torque increase correction t1 and the instant t2 in FIG. 3 has been reached), the control is returned to step S12 and step S13, While continuing the motor torque increase correction along the solid line waveform of FIG. 3A performed in step S12, the duration of the motor torque increase correction is measured in step S13.
- step S14 control is sequentially advanced from step S15 to step S17 at the instant t2 in FIG. 3 (a) where it is determined that TM1 ⁇ TM1s (the motor torque increase correction is performed for a predetermined time TM1s).
- step S15 the timer counter TM1 is reset to 0 for the next time.
- step S16 the target motor torque of the electric motor 2 is decreased by the drive torque correction amount immediately after the motor torque increase correction end instant t2 shown by the solid line waveform in FIG. Perform motor torque reduction correction. Therefore, step S16 corresponds to the driving force reducing means in the present invention.
- the timer counter TM2 is incremented (stepped), and the elapsed time from the motor torque reduction correction start time t2 is measured.
- step S18 it is determined whether or not the timer counter TM2 has reached the predetermined time TM2s, that is, whether or not the predetermined time TM2s has elapsed from the start t2 of the motor torque reduction correction and the instant t4 in FIG. 3 (a) has been reached.
- the control returns to step S16 and step S17, In step S16, the motor torque reduction correction along the solid line waveform of FIG. 3A is continued, and the duration of the motor torque reduction correction is measured in step S17.
- step S18 it is determined that TM2 ⁇ TM2s (motor torque reduction correction is performed for a predetermined time TM2s).
- the control proceeds to step S19, where the timer counter TM2 is set next time. Reset to 0 for
- the motor torque is controlled by the motor driving force control of the electric motor 2 shown in FIG. 2 above, from the steering start time t1 in FIG. It is controlled to a value that is temporarily increased by the amount indicated by the solid line waveform in a), and from the target motor torque until t4 when the predetermined time TM2s elapses from t2 in FIG. Is also controlled to a value temporarily reduced by the amount indicated by the solid line waveform in FIG.
- the vehicle steering behavior can be improved as follows.
- the turning moment M generated individually by the steering wheels (front wheels) 1L and 1R is as follows: As shown in the equation, it can be obtained by subtracting the turning moment due to the longitudinal force ⁇ x in the second term on the right side from the turning moment due to the lateral force ⁇ y in the first term on the right side.
- turning moment M fr steering wheels (front wheels) 1L, 1R is generated in cooperation are in the turning direction outer side which may determined from the above equation turning moment M out and turning direction inner side of the turning moment (restoring moment) M From in , it can obtain
- the turning moment M out on the outer wheel side in the turning direction is instantaneous from t1 to t2 as shown in FIG. 3 (c), compared to the turning moment M out 'on the outer wheel side in the turning direction when the motor driving force control during steering is not performed in FIG.
- the motor torque increase correction greatly increases, and during the intermediate period between the instants t2 and t3 and in the latter period between the instants t3 and t4, the motor torque decrease correction causes a recovery tendency from the M out '.
- the yaw rate is increased rapidly at the beginning of the instant t1 to t2, so this tendency is particularly strong.
- the behavior can be made a linear characteristic, the above-mentioned problem that the yawing behavior of the vehicle becomes a non-linear characteristic can be solved, and the turning behavior of the vehicle can be quickly returned to the original behavior.
- the increase amount of the motor torque increase correction performed at the initial stage from the steering start time t1 of FIG. 3 (a) to the instant t2 when the predetermined time TM1s elapses needs to be a size that meets the above-described purpose.
- the motor torque increase correction amount should be such that the vehicle occupant does not feel acceleration, so that the occupant does not feel uncomfortable.
- the predetermined time TM1s is set to the minimum necessary time (for example, 0.1 seconds) that is required to improve the steering response by the motor torque increase correction, and the motor torque increase correction is not effective for other times. Of course, it should be avoided.
- the amount of motor torque reduction correction performed in the middle and late periods from the instant t2 in FIG. 3 (a) to the instant t4 when the predetermined time TM2s elapses suppresses a large yaw rate change that occurs during vehicle steering,
- the size needs to meet the above-mentioned purpose of making the yawing behavior a linear characteristic, and to meet the purpose of quickly returning the improved turning ability to the normal turning ability in the initial stage.
- the motor torque reduction correction amount should be such that the vehicle occupant does not feel deceleration, so that the occupant does not feel uncomfortable.
- the predetermined time TM2s is set to the minimum time (for example, 0.4 seconds) necessary for ensuring the linearity of yawing behavior by the motor torque reduction correction and for the recovery of the turning ability to be effective. Of course, it is better not to cause any harmful effects over time.
- FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 (a), (b), (c) showing time charts under the same conditions as in FIGS.
- the outer wheel load of the outer wheel in the turning direction is after the steering start instant t1 of FIG.
- the inner ring load of the inner wheel in the turning direction changes after the steering start instant t1 in FIG. 7 and changes as shown by ⁇ Pin in FIG. 7, especially after the instant t2 in FIG. In the latter stage), the outer ring load change ⁇ Pout and the inner ring load change ⁇ Pin are increased by the motor torque reduction correction in step S16 in FIG.
- outer ring load change ⁇ Pout and inner ring load change ⁇ Pin increase the roll speed of the vehicle.
- the stroke speed Vsabout of the outer wheel side shock absorber is expressed as the instantaneous t2 in FIG.
- the outer ring side shock absorber stroke speed Vsabout 'when the motor driving force control during steering in FIG. 2 is not performed is made faster, and the stroke speed Vsabin of the inner ring side shock absorber is set as shown in FIG.
- the speed is made faster than the inner wheel side shock absorber stroke speed Vsabin ′ when the steering motor driving force control in FIG. 2 is not performed.
- the shock absorber generates a vibration damping force during the stroke due to the displacement flow resistance of the working fluid that passes through the orifice provided in the piston. Generates great restraining power.
- the outer ring side shock absorber stroke speed Vsabout is in the middle and late periods after the instant t2 in FIG.
- the outer ring side shock absorber stroke speed Vsabout 'when the motor driving force control during steering in Fig. 2 is not performed is faster and the inner ring side shock absorber stroke speed Vsabin is instantaneous in Fig. 8 (b).
- the roll angle is small as shown by the solid line in FIG. It can be one, it is possible to improve the roll feeling of the vehicle during steering.
- the improvement regarding the rolling feeling of the vehicle can also be obtained by correcting the motor torque increase at the initial stage of the instants t1 to t2 described above with reference to FIG. That is, although correction of motor torque increase in the initial period from the instant t1 to t2 is not particularly shown, the vehicle speed is temporarily increased in the period from the initial period to the first half of the middle period, although it does not cause the passenger to feel acceleration.
- Such a temporary vehicle speed increase maintains the pitch angle of the vehicle at the steering start instant t1 from the initial stage to the first half of the middle period.
- the roll angle difference between the left and right front wheels 1L, 1R is set to a value in the roll angle decreasing direction from the initial stage to the first half of the middle period, so that the vehicle does not roll immediately after the steering start instant t1. It is possible to improve the rolling feeling of the vehicle immediately after the start of steering.
- the spring constant of the suspension device is reduced.
- the intended purpose can be achieved without increasing the size and causing new problems related to vibration and noise and high cost due to the addition of a damping force adjusting mechanism.
- step S11 of FIG. 2 when determining whether or not the steering operation is being performed in step S11 of FIG. 2, it is checked whether or not the steering operation for steering the left and right front wheels 1L and 1R has been performed based on the wheel speed difference between the wheels. Therefore, the steering determination can be completed more quickly than when the steering angle is detected and the determination is made, and the motor torque increase / decrease correction in FIG. Can be further ensured.
- the motor torque increase correction amount is held for a predetermined time as in the torque waveform between the instants t1 and t2 in FIG. Therefore, the value obtained by increasing the motor torque at the time of steering is maintained for a predetermined time, so that the time for obtaining the above-mentioned effects can be lengthened, and the steering responsiveness and roll feeling of the vehicle within the predetermined time from the steering instant t1 can be improved. It can certainly be improved.
- the steering motor torque decrease correction performed in step S16 is performed as shown in FIG.
- the motor torque is reduced to the value that has been reduced for a predetermined time after the elapsed instant t2 of the predetermined time TM1s.
- the above-mentioned effect by the motor torque decrease correction that is, the yawing behavior can be made linear characteristics and the effect of being able to suppress the roll of the vehicle can be lengthened, and in the middle and late period from the instant t2 The behavior during steering of the vehicle can be reliably improved.
- the concept of the present invention is applied to a vehicle that drives the left and right front wheels 1L and 1R, which are steering wheels.
- the present invention is not limited to the left and right front wheels 1L and 1R, or the left and right front wheels 1L. , 1R as well as a vehicle that drives both the left and right rear wheels, and a vehicle that drives the wheels by individual electric motors.
- the driving force increase / decrease correction control in FIG. It is clear that the effects can be achieved.
- the power source for driving the wheels does not necessarily need to be a rotating electrical machine such as the electric motor 2, and even for an engine such as an internal combustion engine, the driving force increase / decrease correction control in FIG. Similar effects can be achieved.
- the engine has a control response lower than that of the rotating electrical machine, it is advantageous to perform the driving force increase / decrease correction control of FIG. 2 on the rotating electrical machine in that the above-described effect can be further ensured.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
省燃費タイヤの採用は、路面との間における摩擦係数が小さくなることを意味し、バネ上重量の増大は、サスペンションストロークが大きくなることを意味する。
特に、動力源として電動モータのみを用いた電気自動車にあっては、大型で重いバッテリを車体床下中央部に設置するため、上記ヨーイング挙動の非線形特性は看過できないものとなる。
サスペンションストロークの増大は更に、車体の前後方向軸線周りにおける傾き挙動であるロールを大きくさせてしまう。
また、車体ロールが大きくならないようにする対策としては、例えば特許文献2に記載の技術を用いて、サスペンション装置を成すショックアブソーバの振動減衰力を大きくすることが考えられる。
また、ショックアブソーバの振動減衰力を大きくする対策では、ショックアブソーバに減衰力調整機構を付加したり、これを作動させるアクチュエータ等も必要となり、コスト高になるという弊害も生ずる。
<構成>
図1は、本発明の一実施例になる操舵時挙動改善装置を具えた車両の駆動系およびその制御系を示し、本実施例において図1における車両は、操舵輪でもある左右前輪1L,1Rを駆動して走行可能な電気自動車とする。
これら左右前輪1L,1Rの駆動に際しては、電動モータ(動力源)2により減速機(ディファレンシャルギヤ装置を含む)3を介し、当該左右操舵輪1L,1Rの駆動を行うものとする。
インバータ6は、例えば各相ごとに2個のスイッチング素子(例えばIGBT等のパワー半導体素子)からなり、駆動信号に応じてスイッチング素子をON/OFFすることにより、バッテリ5から供給される直流の電流を交流に変換・逆変換し、電動モータ2に所望の電流を供給する。
また車両走行中、電動モータ2が左右前輪1L,1Rに連れ回される所謂逆駆動時は、電動モータ2に発電負荷を与えて電動モータ2に回生制動作用を行わせることで、車両の運動エネルギーを回生してバッテリ5に蓄電する。
電動モータコントローラ4は、図2に示す制御プログラムを実行して、電動モータ2の駆動力制御を介し、車両の操舵時挙動改善制御を以下のごとくに行う。
従ってステップS11は、本発明における操舵検知手段に相当する。
ステップS14においては、タイマカウンタTM1が所定時間TM1sを示すようになったか否かを、つまりモータトルク増大補正開始時(操舵開始時)t1から所定時間TM1sが経過して図3(a)の瞬時t2に至ったか否かをチェックする。
ステップS15では、上記のタイマカウンタTM1を次回のために0にリセットしておく。
ステップS16においては、電動モータ2の目標モータトルクを、図3(a)に実線波形で示したモータトルク増大補正終了瞬時t2の直後における駆動トルク補正量だけ減少させて目標モータトルクを補正する、モータトルク減少補正を行う。
従ってステップS16は、本発明における駆動力減少手段に相当する。
次のステップS17においては、タイマカウンタTM2をインクリメント(歩進)させて、当該モータトルク減少補正開始時t2からの経過時間を計測する。
ステップS18でTM2≧TM2s(モータトルク減少補正開始時t2から所定時間TM2sが経過して図3の瞬時t4に至った)と判定するまでの間は、制御をステップS16およびステップS17に戻して、ステップS16において行う図3(a)の実線波形に沿ったモータトルク減少補正を継続すると共に、ステップS17で当該モータトルク減少補正の継続時間を計測する。
上記のモータ駆動力制御によれば、以下のように車両の操舵時挙動を改善することができる。
その結果、車両のヨーレートの差分が図3(b)に実線で示すごとく瞬時t1~t2の初期において速やかに立ち上がり、ヨーレートを遅滞なく上昇させ得て、車両の操舵時における車両前部の転向応答(初期回頭性)、つまり操舵応答を大幅に改善することができる。
しかし当該モータトルク増大補正量は、車両の乗員が加速を感じない程度のものとして、乗員に違和感を与えることのないようにするのが良いのは言うまでもない。
また上記の所定時間TM1sは、モータトルク増大補正による操舵応答の改善が要求される必要最小限の極僅かな時間(例えば0.1秒)とし、モータトルク増大補正がそれ以外の時間に及んで弊害を生ずることのないようにするのがよいこと勿論である。
しかし当該モータトルク減少補正量は、車両の乗員が減速を感じない程度のものとして、乗員に違和感を与えることのないようにするのが良いのは言うまでもない。
このため図2の操舵時モータ駆動力制御を行わない場合、当該期間においてショックアブソーバの振動減衰力によるロール抑制力が小さくなり、電気自動車では前記した理由によりサスペンションストロークが大きくなることとも相まって、ロール角が図8(c)に破線で示すごとく大きいままにされ、操舵中における車両のロール感が悪いという問題を生ずる。
つまり瞬時t1~t2の初期におけるモータトルク増大補正は特に図示しなかったが、乗員に加速度を感じさせない程度であるものの、当該初期から中期前半までの期間において車速の一時的な上昇をもたらす。
かかるピッチ角の維持により、左右前輪1L,1Rによるロール角差分が初期から中期前半までの間は、ロール角減少方向の値にされ、操舵開始瞬時t1の直後において車両がロールしないようにすることができ、操舵開始直後における車両のロール感をも向上させることができる。
上記した図示例では、操舵輪である左右前輪1L,1Rを駆動する車両に本発明の着想を適用する場合につき説明したが、本発明は、左右前輪1L,1Rに代えて、或いは左右前輪1L,1Rと共に左右後輪をもモータ駆動する車両や、車輪を個別の電動モータにより駆動する車両に対しても適用可能であり、この場合も図2の駆動力増減補正制御により前記したと同様な作用効果を奏し得ること明らかである。
しかしエンジンは、回転電機に較べて制御応答が低いため、回転電機に対し図2の駆動力増減補正制御を行う方が、前記の作用効果を一層確実なものにし得る点において有利である。
Claims (6)
- 動力源からの駆動力により車輪を駆動して走行可能な車両において、
車両の操舵輪を舵取りする操舵が行われたのを検知する操舵検知手段と、
該手段により、操舵が行われたのを検知してから設定時間が経過した時、前記車輪への駆動力を一時的に減少させる駆動力減少手段とを具備してなる車両の操舵時挙動改善装置。 - 請求項1に記載された車両の操舵時挙動改善装置において、
前記操舵検知手段は、車両の複数車輪間における回転速度差から前記操舵が行われたのを検知するものである車両の操舵時挙動改善装置。 - 請求項1または2に記載された車両の操舵時挙動改善装置において、
前記駆動力減少手段は、前記操舵の検知後前記設定時間が経過した時、前記車輪への駆動力を前記減少させた駆動力値に所定時間維持するものである車両の操舵時挙動改善装置。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載された車両の操舵時挙動改善装置において、
前記設定時間は、操舵応答が要求される時間である車両の操舵時挙動改善装置。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載された車両の操舵時挙動改善装置において、
前記駆動力の減少は、車両の乗員が減速を感じない程度のものである車両の操舵時挙動改善装置。 - 前記車両が、駆動力の少なくとも一部を電動モータで賄うようにした電動車両である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載された車両の操舵時挙動改善装置において、
前記駆動力減少手段は、前記電動モータを介して前記駆動力減少制御を行うものである車両の操舵時挙動改善装置。
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US13/642,710 US9139107B2 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | Device for improving vehicle behavior when steering |
RU2012150797/11A RU2524525C1 (ru) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | Устройство для улучшения поведения транспортного средства при рулении |
CN201180020622.5A CN102858610B (zh) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | 车辆的转向时性能改进装置 |
BR112012026878A BR112012026878A2 (pt) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | dispositivo para aperfeiçoar o comportamento de um veículo durante a condição |
EP11774809A EP2565097A1 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | Device for improving vehicle behavior when steering |
MX2012012406A MX2012012406A (es) | 2010-04-28 | 2011-04-13 | Dispositivo para mejorar el comportamiento del vehiculo durante la conduccion. |
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JP6252993B2 (ja) | 2015-11-06 | 2017-12-27 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用挙動制御装置 |
JP6198181B2 (ja) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-09-20 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用挙動制御装置 |
JP6194940B2 (ja) | 2015-11-06 | 2017-09-13 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用挙動制御装置 |
JP6252992B2 (ja) | 2015-11-06 | 2017-12-27 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用挙動制御装置 |
JP6252994B2 (ja) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-12-27 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用挙動制御装置 |
DE102016200006A1 (de) * | 2016-01-04 | 2017-07-06 | Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg | Anti-Ruckel Verfahren |
JP6213904B1 (ja) | 2016-06-30 | 2017-10-18 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両用挙動制御装置 |
WO2018047303A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-09 | 2018-03-15 | マツダ株式会社 | 車両の制御装置 |
EP3418537A4 (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-06-05 | Mazda Motor Corporation | VEHICLE CONTROL DEVICE |
DE112020004609T5 (de) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-06-09 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fahrzeug vom Grätschtyp und Steuervorrichtung |
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EP2565097A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
MX2012012406A (es) | 2012-11-29 |
JP5413295B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
US9139107B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 |
BR112012026878A2 (pt) | 2016-07-19 |
RU2524525C1 (ru) | 2014-07-27 |
CN102858610A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
US20130041541A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
JP2011231689A (ja) | 2011-11-17 |
RU2012150797A (ru) | 2014-06-20 |
CN102858610B (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
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