WO2011135755A1 - バックライトシステムおよびこれを用いた液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
バックライトシステムおよびこれを用いた液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011135755A1 WO2011135755A1 PCT/JP2010/073212 JP2010073212W WO2011135755A1 WO 2011135755 A1 WO2011135755 A1 WO 2011135755A1 JP 2010073212 W JP2010073212 W JP 2010073212W WO 2011135755 A1 WO2011135755 A1 WO 2011135755A1
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- light
- liquid crystal
- lens
- display device
- backlight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/0008—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted at the end of the fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
- G02B6/0068—Arrangements of plural sources, e.g. multi-colour light sources
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
- G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a backlight system and a liquid crystal display device using the backlight system, and more specifically, a backlight system that collects color light of a corresponding color from a back surface of a pixel in which pixels of a transmissive liquid crystal display element are color-coded, and
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device that performs full color display with the backlight system and the liquid crystal display element.
- Liquid crystal display devices that perform full-color display conventionally divide a pixel of a transmissive liquid crystal display element into three picture elements, and color filters of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) into these three picture elements. Each panel is attached with white light from the backlight, and the transmittance when white light passes through the picture element is controlled by the voltage signal applied to the liquid crystal cell of the picture element, realizing full color display. ing.
- the color filter transmits light in the wavelength band corresponding to each RGB and absorbs other light, in a liquid crystal display device using the color filter, about 2/3 of the light is lost. There is a problem that usage efficiency is low.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of the image display device described in Patent Document 1.
- the backlight source 2 the diffraction grating 3, the first microlens array 4, the liquid crystal panel 5, the second microlens array 22, and the diffusion plate 6 are sequentially arranged.
- a substantially parallel white light W is emitted from the backlight source 2.
- the parallel light forms a small angle with the light exit surface 12 of the light guide plate 7.
- the parallel light enters the diffraction grating 3, it is diffracted by the diffraction grating 3.
- the first-order diffracted light is emitted in a direction substantially perpendicular to the diffraction grating 3. At this time, since light having different wavelengths has different diffraction angles, the first-order diffracted light is separated into red light R, green light G, and blue light B.
- the first microlens array 4 is arranged such that one microlens 4a corresponds to a set of pixels 14 of the liquid crystal panel 5, that is, three adjacent pixels. Therefore, the red light R, the green light G, and the blue light B emitted from the diffraction grating 3 in different optical axis directions are condensed by the microlens 4a on different pixels 14 among the set of pixels 14, respectively. . Therefore, by controlling on / off of these pixels 14, the red light R, the green light G, and the blue light B can be transmitted or blocked independently, and the image display device 21 can be colored. .
- the second microlens array 22 is arranged such that each microlens 22a corresponds to the microlens 4a of the first microlens array 4, and the second microlens array 22 is arranged so as to correspond to the main plane of the first microlens array 4 and the second microlens array 22.
- the distance L from the main plane of the microlens array 22 is equal to the distance between the focal point of the first microlens array 4 and the focal point of the second microlens array 22.
- the red light R, the green light G, and the blue light B that have passed through the pixels 14 of the liquid crystal panel 5 have different optical axis directions, but by passing through the microlenses 22a of the second microlens array 22, The optical axes of red light R, green light G, and blue light B are aligned in parallel.
- the second micro lens array 22 red light R passing through the, the green light G and blue light B is diffused by the diffusion plate 6, as shown in FIG. 12, the directivity characteristics of the respective diffused light T R , T G, is T B equal. Therefore, the color shift that occurs when the observer views the image display device 21 from different directions can be suppressed, and the light use efficiency and viewing angle characteristics can be improved.
- the optical axes of the red light R, the green light G, and the blue light B can be aligned in parallel by passing through the microlenses 22a of the second microlens array 22.
- light beams other than the optical axis cannot be aligned in parallel in each color light.
- the directivity characteristics of each color light with respect to light rays other than the optical axis still have different angles, resulting in color misregistration.
- each color light reaches the diffusion layer, it overlaps with each other in the horizontal direction, so that the resolution when the observer views the display screen is lowered. Therefore, the image display device 21 of Patent Document 1 cannot sufficiently improve the viewing angle characteristics and the resolution.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a purpose thereof is a backlight capable of improving display quality by further improving viewing angle characteristics and resolution while satisfying high light utilization efficiency. Is to provide a system.
- the backlight system of the present invention is A backlight that has a light emitting unit that emits light having different principal wavelengths and an imaging optical system that collects the light emitted from the light emitting unit, and that irradiates the liquid crystal panel with the light that has passed through the imaging optical system A system
- the liquid crystal panel includes a plurality of pixels arranged at a predetermined pitch, and each pixel includes a plurality of picture elements corresponding to each color
- the imaging optical system includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged at a predetermined pitch, and a second lens array in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged at a predetermined pitch.
- the first lens separates the light emitted from the light emitting unit according to color, and condenses the separated light at the same pitch as the arrangement pitch of the picture elements
- the second lens is provided on a one-to-one basis with the picture element, and is disposed such that a position where light passing through the first lens is collected and a focal point of the second lens coincide with each other.
- the light that has passed through the first lens is deflected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the display surface of the liquid crystal panel to irradiate the liquid crystal panel.
- each light emitted from the light emitting unit composed of an RGB light source (LED) passes through the second lens array and is spatially different from the display surface of the liquid crystal panel.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with light that is converted into substantially vertical light, that is, light that is substantially parallel to each other (parallel light).
- the RGB picture elements of the liquid crystal panel and the lenses of the second lens array have a one-to-one correspondence, so that the light emitted from the RGB light sources can be irradiated into the RGB picture elements. .
- full color display can be performed without using a color filter, and the light use efficiency can be improved by the amount absorbed by the color filter.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with substantially parallel light, the ratio of light shielded by the BM (black matrix) existing between the picture elements can be reduced, and the light utilization efficiency can be improved accordingly. it can.
- substantially parallel light irradiates the liquid crystal panel, so that the resolution can be improved.
- the light that has passed through the second lens array passes through the liquid crystal panel in a substantially parallel light state and reaches the diffusion plate, the angular distribution of the diffused light of each RGB color becomes equal. For this reason, even if the observer looks at the liquid crystal display device from different directions, it does not look different colors depending on the directions, and the viewing angle characteristics and color reproducibility are good. Even when light sources such as LEDs with very large individual differences are used, uneven brightness and uneven color can be reduced by averaging the individual differences in the light source light.
- the imaging optical system may include a Fresnel lens.
- the G light source is disposed at the focal position of the Fresnel lens, and the B light source and the R light source are disposed on both sides thereof
- the light emitted from the RGB light source is focused at approximately one point from the light source that emits colored light corresponding to the color of the picture element at the focal position of the second lens array. Thereby, after passing through the second lens array, light with higher parallelism irradiates the liquid crystal panel, so that the resolution can be further improved.
- the first lens array and the second lens array of the imaging optical system may include a lens that deflects an optical path by a surface shape or deflects an optical path by a refractive index distribution. it can.
- the optical path is deflected by the lens surface shape
- the optical path is deflected according to Snell's law using the refractive index difference at the interface on the lens surface.
- the optical path is deflected by the refractive index distribution
- the light is deflected by giving a distribution to the refractive index in the lens. This is to change the refractive index between the central part and the peripheral part of the lens, thereby providing a gradient of the refractive index inside the lens, and deflecting the light by this refractive index gradient.
- the surface shape is flat, so it is possible to attach a polarizer, an optical film, etc. directly on the lens array, and it is easy to maintain space with them. It becomes.
- the first lens array and the second lens array of the imaging optical system may include a fly-eye lens, a lenticular lens, or a combination thereof.
- first lens array and the second lens array include, for example, a fly-eye lens in which microlenses are arranged in two orthogonal directions, or a lenticular lens in which microcylindrical lenses are arranged in one direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Or a combination thereof.
- the curvature of the surface shape can be suppressed as compared with the case of a single lens array. Moreover, generation
- the said light emission part is comprised by any one light source of a LED light source, a laser light source, and an organic EL light source, or the light-emitting device provided with this light source and a light guide. Good.
- the light emitting unit and the imaging optical system are divided into a plurality of blocks, and all the light emitted from the light emitting unit in each block enters the imaging optical system in the same block almost equally.
- a configuration in which the optical axis of the light source in the light emitting unit is rotated may be employed.
- the entire screen is divided into a plurality of blocks.
- the brightness and color can be easily controlled.
- the composite backlight system of the present invention is characterized in that the backlight system is a single backlight unit, and a plurality of the backlight units are arranged in parallel.
- the thickness from the light emitting section to the first lens array increases in proportion to this.
- one backlight system is used as one backlight unit and a plurality of backlight units are arranged in parallel, the area irradiated by one backlight system is reduced, and 1 By illuminating one liquid crystal panel with a plurality of backlight systems, the thickness of the backlight system can be suppressed.
- the present composite backlight system may be configured to have means for controlling the light amount of the light emitting unit for each unit of the backlight units arranged in parallel or for each of the plurality of units.
- the amount of light of the backlight unit corresponding to the dark area is reduced, thereby reducing power consumption. It is possible to make a significant contribution to electric power generation.
- At least one of the imaging optical systems in the backlight unit may be configured by integrating a plurality of units.
- the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is A liquid crystal display device having the backlight system or the composite backlight system, On the light exit side of the second lens array, A liquid crystal element including a liquid crystal layer and a glass substrate disposed on the light incident side and the light emission side and sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, a driving element for driving the liquid crystal element, and a glass substrate on the incident side of the liquid crystal element A polarizer disposed, an analyzer disposed on a glass substrate on an exit side of the liquid crystal element, a diffusion element disposed on an exit surface of the analyzer, It is characterized by having.
- the viewing angle characteristics and the resolution can be further improved while satisfying high light utilization efficiency, so that the display quality can be improved.
- the present liquid crystal display device since a diffusing element is arranged on the exit surface of the analyzer, when the screen of the liquid crystal display device is observed from an oblique direction, light does not reach so much and the display within the screen is displayed. Is difficult to see, or the light does not reach at all and the display on the screen cannot be seen at all.
- the order of component lamination from the liquid crystal layer to the light incident side may be “liquid crystal layer / polarizer / incident side glass substrate”.
- the polarizer By disposing the polarizer between the liquid crystal layer and the glass substrate on the incident side, it is possible to directly form the second lens array of the imaging optical system on the glass substrate on the incident side. And the alignment of the liquid crystal layer can be held with high accuracy. In addition, by arranging the polarizer between the glass substrate on the incident side and the liquid crystal layer, the light condensed by the imaging optical system can be transmitted through the liquid crystal layer while maintaining high polarization. There is also an effect of preventing deterioration of display quality.
- the order in which the components are laminated from the liquid crystal layer to the light emission side may be “liquid crystal layer / driving element / analyzer / emission side glass substrate / diffusion element”.
- the analyzer By disposing the analyzer between the glass substrate on the emission side and the liquid crystal layer, it is possible to incorporate the analyzer when manufacturing the liquid crystal panel, so the process of bonding the liquid crystal panel and the analyzer is omitted. Can do.
- the stacking order of components from the liquid crystal layer to the light emission side may be “liquid crystal layer / driving element / analyzer / diffusion element / emission side glass substrate”.
- the order of component lamination from the liquid crystal layer to the output side is “liquid crystal layer / driving element / analyzer / diffusion plate / output side glass substrate”. Degradation can be prevented.
- the liquid crystal display device may further include a diffusing element having a polarization maintaining function between the driving element and the exit side glass substrate.
- the order in which the components are laminated from the liquid crystal layer to the light emission side may be “liquid crystal layer / driving element / diffusing element having polarization maintaining function / analyzer / emission side glass substrate”.
- the order in which the components are laminated from the liquid crystal layer to the light emitting side can be “liquid crystal layer / driving element / glass substrate on the emitting side / diffusing element having polarization maintaining function / analyzer”.
- the diffusing element may further have an incident angle independent diffusion characteristic.
- the diffusion element has an incident angle-independent diffusion characteristic (a property that the diffusion intensity distribution when the light is transmitted through the diffusion element is constant regardless of the incident angle of the incident light to the diffusion element). Since the light that has passed through each of the picture elements that are divided into space by color has the same diffusion characteristics, the display quality can be improved.
- the liquid crystal display device may further include a color filter layer on the incident surface of the exit side glass substrate.
- a liquid crystal display device is manufactured by manufacturing optical components to be used and assembling the optical components.
- optical components cannot be manufactured as designed, the optical components cannot be assembled, and it is necessary to manufacture products that are slightly out of design considering manufacturing costs. It may be difficult to collect only the light corresponding to the picture element of the layer. In that case, the display quality may be degraded.
- the polarizer may be arranged between the first lens array and the second lens array.
- the second lens array can be manufactured in a liquid crystal element manufacturing process including an alignment step with the liquid crystal element, and is necessary when the imaging optical system is manufactured separately from the liquid crystal element. Since the alignment with the manufactured liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal panel) becomes unnecessary, the manufacturing process can be reduced. In addition, since the first lens array can be directly manufactured on the protective film of the polarizer, the number of optical components can be reduced.
- the liquid crystal element and the driving element may have a configuration in which stacking positions are interchanged.
- the imaging optical system includes the first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged at a predetermined pitch, and the second lenses at a predetermined pitch.
- a plurality of second lens arrays arranged, and the first lens separates the light emitted from the light emitting section by color and distributes the separated light at the same pitch as the pixel arrangement pitch.
- the second lens is provided in a one-to-one relationship with the picture element so that the position where the light passing through the first lens is condensed and the focal point of the second lens coincide with each other.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with light that has passed through the first lens in a substantially parallel direction.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the backlight system in this Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the arrangement
- FIG. It is a figure which shows one structural example of the micro lens array (MLA1, MLA2) contained in the imaging optical system of this invention.
- MLA1, MLA2 contained in the imaging optical system of this invention.
- the backlight system of this invention it is sectional drawing which shows the state which rotated the light source optical axis of the light emission part.
- the state (composite backlight system) which has arrange
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
- the present liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel and a backlight system.
- the backlight system includes a light emitting unit that emits light having different main wavelengths and an imaging optical system that collects light emitted from the light emitting unit, and light that has passed through the imaging optical system. Irradiate the LCD panel.
- the liquid crystal display device 10 includes a light emitting unit 31 and a first microlens array (hereinafter referred to as the first lens array of the present invention).
- the “microlens array” is referred to as “MLA” as necessary) (MLA1), the second microlens array (MLA2) corresponding to the second lens array of the present invention, the polarizer 32, the light A glass substrate 33 arranged on the incident side (hereinafter also referred to as “incident side glass substrate”), a TFT driving unit (driving element) (not shown), a liquid crystal layer 34, and a glass substrate 35 arranged on the light emitting side.
- a liquid crystal panel 37 hereinafter also referred to as an “emission side glass substrate” and an analyzer 36 and a diffusion plate 38 (diffusion element) are stacked and arranged in this order.
- the light emitting unit 31 includes a plurality of light sources that emit light having different main wavelengths, for example, LED light sources (light emitting diodes).
- LED light sources light emitting diodes
- R (red) -LED light source (R light source), G (green) -LED light source (G light source), and B (blue) -LED light source (B light source) are arranged in this order from right to left on the page. Has been placed.
- the number of color types of the light sources may be four or more, and the arrangement order of the light sources is not limited to the RGB order.
- the MLA 1 is composed of a plurality of lenses 1A having the same shape (corresponding to the first microlens of the present invention) arranged at a predetermined pitch, and is arranged opposite to the liquid crystal panel 37 with a predetermined distance.
- the lenses 1A are arranged at substantially the same pitch as the arrangement pitch of the pixels in the liquid crystal panel 37 (detailed intervals will be described later).
- Each pixel includes three picture elements (R picture element, G picture element, and B picture element) corresponding to each color (R (red), G (green), and B (blue)).
- each of the RGB light sources enters the lens 1A at different principal ray angles. Since light incident at different principal ray angles is collected at spatially different positions, the light emitted from each of the RGB light sources is condensed at spatially different positions after passing through the lens 1A. .
- the MLA 2 is configured by arranging a plurality of lenses 2A having the same shape (corresponding to the second microlens of the present invention) at a predetermined pitch. Between the MLA 1 and the liquid crystal panel 37, the liquid crystal panel 37 and a predetermined They are placed opposite each other at a distance.
- the lens 2A is provided in a one-to-one relationship with the picture element, and is arranged so that the position where the light that has passed through the lens 1A is collected and the focal point of the lens 2A coincide with each other.
- each light beam angle is converted to be parallel to each other. Therefore, the light that has passed through the lens 2A of the MLA 2 is converted into parallel light.
- the light source is not an ideal point light source but emits light from a finite object, the condensed light that has passed through the MLA 1 does not converge on only one point of the focal point of the MLA 2. Therefore, the light passing through the MLA 2 is almost converted into parallel light.
- the lenses 2A of the MLA2 are arranged at the same pitch as the RGB picture elements of the liquid crystal panel 37, the RGB lights converted into parallel lights by the MLA2 pass through the picture elements corresponding to the respective colors. To do. That is, the R light passes through the R picture element, the G light passes through the G picture element, and the B light passes through the B picture element. Therefore, by controlling on / off of each picture element, RGB light can be transmitted or blocked independently, so that color display can be performed without using a color filter.
- each RGB light is converted into substantially parallel light by the MLA 2, each light is diffused by the diffusion plate, and the angular characteristics of the respective diffused light become substantially equal. For this reason, even if the observer looks at the liquid crystal display device from different directions, it does not look different depending on the viewing direction, and the color reproducibility is good. In addition, since it is possible to suppress as much as possible the RGB lights from overlapping each other in the horizontal direction when they reach the diffusion plate, the resolution when the observer looks at the liquid crystal display device is improved.
- the light emitted from the plurality of light sources having the same color is condensed by the MLA 1 at the respective focal points of the MLA 2 and substantially parallel light (with respect to the display surface of the liquid crystal panel 37).
- the liquid crystal panel 37 is irradiated with substantially vertical light), so that the viewing angle characteristics of each color can be made uniform and the resolution can be improved, and variation in individual light source light can be averaged. Luminance unevenness and color unevenness can be reduced. Therefore, a liquid crystal display device with higher feasibility can be provided.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the backlight system 30 according to the first embodiment.
- the light emitting unit 31 uses an R light source, a G light source, and a B light source as a plurality of light sources that emit different color lights, and these are sequentially arranged from the right side to the left side in FIG.
- the image formation by the light from a plurality of light sources that emit colored light corresponding to the color of the pixel overlaps at the focal position of each lens. It is possible to eliminate spatial boundaries and achieve spatial uniformity. Therefore, luminance unevenness and color unevenness between areas in the display screen can be effectively reduced, and display with higher quality becomes possible.
- an optical system that makes it possible to condense the light from each of the RGB light sources onto the corresponding MLA2 focal position and to overlap the light from a plurality of the same color light sources onto the same MLA2 focal position.
- the principle of the system will be described mathematically with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, only the principal ray path passing through the center of MLA 1 is illustrated in the light (R light) from the R light source to MLA 2 corresponding to the R picture element, and the G light and B light paths are omitted. ing. Further, the refraction phenomenon due to the difference in refractive index at the MLA interface is also omitted.
- the positions of two adjacent R light sources are assumed to be L 1 and L 2
- the lens centers of MLA 1 are assumed to be M 1 and M 2
- the focal point of MLA 2 corresponding to two adjacent R picture elements. Assume that the positions are R 1 and R 2 .
- Line M 1 M 2 Line L 1 M 1 ⁇ Line R 1 R 2 / Line L 1 R 1
- the line R 1 R 2 P
- the line M 1 M 2 is n ⁇ P / (n + 1) Is calculated.
- line M 1 M 2 is a lens pitch P 2 of MLA1 is the case of n ⁇ P / (n + 1 ), be condensed at the focal position of MLA2 that each light corresponding to R pixels from the R light source Can do.
- Line L 1 L 2 Line L 1 R 1 ⁇ Line M 1 M 2 / Line M 1 R 1
- line M 1 R 1 b
- Line L 1 L 2 n ⁇ P Is calculated. Therefore, when the line L 1 L 2 having the same color light source pitch P 1 is n ⁇ P, light from a plurality of light sources of the same color (here, light from two R light sources) corresponds to one R picture element. It can be condensed at the focal position of MLA2.
- the light emitted from each of the RGB light sources (LEDs) passes through the MLA 2, and then is substantially parallel light (with respect to the display surface of the liquid crystal panel 37) at spatially different positions.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with the light. Then, by associating the RGB picture elements of the liquid crystal panel with the MLA2 lenses on a one-to-one basis, it is possible to irradiate the RGB picture elements of the liquid crystal panel with the light emitted from the RGB light sources.
- full color display can be performed without using a color filter, and the light use efficiency can be improved by the amount absorbed by the color filter.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with substantially parallel light, the ratio of light shielded by the BM (black matrix) existing between the picture elements can be reduced, and the light utilization efficiency can be improved accordingly. it can.
- almost parallel light irradiates the liquid crystal panel after passing through the MLA 2, the resolution can be improved.
- the angular distribution of the diffused light of each RGB color becomes equal. For this reason, even if the observer looks at the liquid crystal display device from different directions, it does not look different colors depending on the direction, and the color reproducibility is good. Even when light sources such as LEDs with very large individual differences are used, uneven brightness and uneven color can be reduced by averaging the individual differences in the light source light.
- Embodiment 1 an example of a liquid crystal display device including the backlight system 30 shown in FIG. 1 is shown.
- a liquid crystal element including an incident side glass substrate 33, an emission side glass substrate 35, and a liquid crystal layer 34 sandwiched between both glass substrates in the MLA 2, a liquid crystal element and an emission side glass A driving element (TFT) (not shown) disposed between the substrate 35 and the liquid crystal element, a polarizer 32 disposed on the light incident surface of the incident side glass substrate 33, and the light of the emission side glass substrate 35.
- TFT emission side glass A driving element
- the analyzer 36 is arranged on the emission surface
- the diffusion plate 38 is arranged on the light emission surface of the analyzer 36.
- the reason why the diffusion plate 38 is used is that, in the liquid crystal display device 10 provided with the backlight system 30, light from each light source is condensed on each picture element, so that the analyzer passes through the liquid crystal layer 34.
- the light emitted from 36 is condensed to some extent on the front side (front direction of the liquid crystal panel). Therefore, when the screen of the liquid crystal display device 10 is observed from an oblique direction, the light does not reach sufficiently and the display on the screen becomes difficult to see. Therefore, it is preferable to dispose the diffusion plate 38 in order to solve this problem.
- the arrangement relationship of the liquid crystal layer 34, the driving element, the glass substrates 33 and 35, the polarizer 32, the analyzer 36, and the diffusion plate 38 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. Other configurations will be described later.
- each RGB light passes through each pixel corresponding to each color, as shown in FIG. That is, the R light passes through the R picture element, the G light passes through the G picture element, and the B light passes through the B picture element.
- the R light passes through the R picture element
- the G light passes through the G picture element
- the B light passes through the B picture element.
- a color filter layer may be provided in the present invention.
- the diffuser plate arranged on the display surface side with respect to the external light.
- the diffusion plate As a function of the diffusion plate, light emitted from the liquid crystal panel side is emitted as diffused light to the viewer side, while light emitted to the diffusion plate from the viewer side is transmitted and diffused to the liquid crystal panel side and the viewer side To reflect and diffuse. This reflection action is called backscattering with respect to external light.
- this reflected diffused light is observed together with an image display transmitted through a normal liquid crystal panel, the image floats white, resulting in a deterioration in display quality.
- a circularly polarizing plate is a polarizing plate that combines a polarizer and a quarter-wave plate.
- the polarization absorption axes of the first polarizer and the analyzer 36 are orthogonal to each other, and the polarization absorption axes of the analyzer 36 and the second polarizer are parallel to each other. Further, the slow axes of the first quarter-wave plate and the second quarter-wave plate are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other, and the polarization absorption axis of the analyzer 36 and the first quarter wave. It arrange
- the light sources constituting the light emitting unit 31 in the first embodiment are a plurality of light sources that emit light having different main wavelengths, they are LED (light emitting diode) light sources, laser light sources, and organic EL (electroluminescence) light sources. Any one of the light sources or a light emitting device including the light source and a light guide can be used. Further, the number of light sources need not be the same as the number of types of main wavelengths, and a plurality of light sources may be used for each type of main wavelengths. In addition, it is preferable to use a several light source for every kind of main wavelength from a viewpoint of averaging the performance difference between each product by the variation in the manufacturing process of a light source.
- the LED light source a type in which a condensing lens (for example, made of spherical acrylic) is added on the light emitting surface (light emitting chip) of the LED, such as a bullet-type LED, or a mounting that does not use the condensing lens, for example.
- a condensing lens for example, made of spherical acrylic
- a bullet-type LED or a mounting that does not use the condensing lens, for example.
- types such as type LEDs, and any of these may be used.
- a light emitting device including a light source and a light guide as shown in FIG. 4 may be used as the light source of the light emitting unit 31 instead of the LED light source shown in FIG.
- a significant cost reduction effect of reducing the number of light sources can be achieved.
- the light emitting device will be described in detail.
- the light emitting device 311 includes a light source 312 (R light source, G light source, B light source) and a light guide 313, and introduces light emitted from the light source 312 into the light guide 313.
- the light is emitted from a plurality of emission parts (tip parts).
- This emission part can be regarded as a pseudo light source.
- each light of a set of RGB light sources 312 is divided into three backlight units (light guides 313) and guided.
- Each backlight unit (light guide 313) forms a pseudo light source 314, which is an R ′ light source, a G ′ light source, and a B ′ light source, and the light from each light source 314 is collected in each pixel by MLA1 and MLA2. By making it light, the same effect as the case where the RGB light source of FIG. 1 is used is acquired.
- a white light source may be used as the light source of the light emitting unit 31.
- a white light source it is desirable to emit RGB light in a spatially or angularly different state.
- a method of emitting RGB light in a spatially different state there is a light-emitting device using a light guide 323 incorporating a white light source 321 and a dichroic filter 322 that reflects RGB light as shown in FIG.
- the dichroic filter 322 is a filter that reflects only wavelengths in a specific range and transmits light in the remaining wavelength range.
- FIG. 6 there is a method of using a white light source, a light guide, and a diffraction grating as the light source of the light emitting unit 31.
- a white light source 331 is introduced into the light guide 332, and substantially parallel white light is extracted from the light guide 332 with uniform brightness in the surface.
- this parallel light enters the diffraction grating 333, it is diffracted by the diffraction grating 333.
- the first-order diffracted light is emitted in a direction substantially perpendicular to the diffraction grating 333.
- the first-order diffracted light is separated into R, G, and B light.
- a white LED such as a combination of blue LED + YG fluorescence or a combination of blue LED + GR fluorescence
- a multi-color LED a diode chip that emits a plurality of different main wavelengths is mounted in one LED.
- LED and white organic EL can be used.
- Embodiment 2 The liquid crystal display device in Embodiment 2 and the backlight system incorporated therein will be described below. For convenience of explanation, members having the same functions as those shown in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and explanation thereof is omitted. In addition, the terms defined in Embodiment 1 are used in accordance with the definitions in this example unless otherwise specified.
- the MLA 1 in the backlight system is arranged according to a predetermined conditional expression based on the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal panel 37.
- the light emitted from the LED light sources of the same color is condensed on the focal point of the lens 2A of the MLA 2 by different lenses 1A.
- Embodiment 1 in the current LED manufacturing process, the individual difference variation is very large, and therefore the configuration of Embodiment 1 can be said to be most suitable.
- the LED light source can be manufactured with very good uniformity in the future, even the configuration shown in the second embodiment satisfies the in-plane uniformity required for the liquid crystal panel and the like. be able to.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the liquid crystal display device 20 according to the second embodiment.
- a Fresnel lens 39 is disposed between the light emitting unit 31 (LED light source) and the MLA1.
- the Fresnel lens 39 is formed by concentrically forming stepped prisms having different refraction angles.
- a G light source is disposed at the focal position of the Fresnel lens 39, and a B light source and an R light source are disposed on both sides thereof. Since the G light source is at the focal position of the Fresnel lens 39, the light emitted from the G light source passes through the Fresnel lens 39 and is then deflected into parallel light.
- Each light emitted from the R light source and the B light source passes through the Fresnel lens 39 and is then polarized into parallel light, but makes a different angle with respect to the G light source light. Thereby, the light emitted from the RGB light source enters the MLA 1 at different angles.
- each of the RGB lights is deflected into substantially parallel light by the MLA 2 and applied to the liquid crystal panel 37. Since this part is the same as that of the first embodiment, it will be omitted.
- the light emitting unit 31 uses an R light source, a G light source, and a B light source as a plurality of light sources that emit different color lights, and these are arranged in order of RGB colors from the right side to the left side of FIG.
- the angular distribution of the light emitted from the RGB light sources is as shown in FIG.
- the light emitted from each of the RGB light sources has a different principal ray angle, so that it passes through the lens 1 ⁇ / b> A and is condensed at different positions. That is, the light emitted from each RGB light source passes through the lens surface of the lens 1A, and then is condensed at the positions Pr, Pg, and Pb.
- the angle distributions of the RGB rays at the time of condensing have different distributions.
- each lens 2A of the MLA 2 corresponding to each RGB light receives the light passing through the focal point (Pr, Pg, Pb) by the above arrangement. When it passes, it is all converted into parallel light.
- the light emitting points of the RGB light sources are actually finite, it cannot be focused only on the focal point of MLA2, and is focused as a finite point image. It does n’t work.
- the second embodiment it is preferable to arrange a plurality of light emitting units 31 and Fresnel lenses 39 so as to cope with low power consumption by local dimming driving.
- the light emitting unit 31 and the Fresnel lens 39 are arranged so as to have a one-to-one relationship.
- the angle is greatly shifted, and stray light is generated. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a means for shielding light between adjacent Fresnel lenses 39. Thereby, generation
- the light source device of FIG. 6 may be applied to the backlight system of FIG. That is, the light source 31 uses the white light source 331 and the light guide 332 and is provided with a light separation element such as a diffraction grating 333. In this configuration, it is possible to irradiate the MLA 1 with different colored light depending on the angle. Thereby, the effect similar to the case where the light emission part 31 and the Fresnel lens 39 are used can be acquired.
- the light emitted from the RGB light sources (LEDs) passes through the MLA 2 and then is substantially parallel at different positions spatially.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with light that is converted into (light substantially perpendicular to the display surface of the liquid crystal panel 37). Then, by associating the RGB picture elements of the liquid crystal panel and the lenses 2A of the MLA 2 on a one-to-one basis, it is possible to irradiate the RGB picture elements of the liquid crystal panel with light emitted from the RGB light sources.
- full color display can be performed without using a color filter, and the light use efficiency can be improved by the amount absorbed by the color filter.
- the liquid crystal panel is irradiated with substantially parallel light, the ratio of light shielded by the BM (black matrix) provided between the picture elements can be reduced, and the spectral utilization efficiency can be improved.
- the resolution can be improved.
- the light reaches the diffusion plate after passing through the liquid crystal panel in a substantially parallel light state, the angular distribution of the diffuse light of each color of RGB becomes equal. For this reason, even if the observer looks at the liquid crystal display device from different directions, it does not look different colors depending on the direction, and the color reproducibility is good.
- the optical path when the optical path is deflected according to the surface shape of the lens, it is deflected according to Snell's law using the refractive index difference at the interface on the lens surface.
- the optical path when the optical path is deflected by the refractive index distribution, the light is deflected by giving a distribution to the refractive index in the lens.
- the lens includes a lens that deflects the optical path.
- microlens array included in the imaging optical system
- a fly-eye lens 56 in which lenses are arranged in two orthogonal directions, or a micro cylindrical lens is used.
- examples thereof include a lenticular lens 57 arranged in one direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, or a combination thereof.
- the lens surface having a radius of curvature of 0.5 to 2 mm for the lens 1A and 0.05 to 0 for the lens 2A .2 mm is used.
- the radius of curvature is determined by the distance from the light emitting unit 31 to the microlens surface, the distance from the microlens surface to the picture element, the refractive index of the microlens array, and the condensing range condition in the liquid crystal layer. It is necessary to use a surface shape having an optimal curvature depending on the size, the liquid crystal panel, and the required thickness of the backlight portion.
- the surface shape becomes a convex surface in order to have a light collecting action.
- the lens surface is not limited to a spherical surface, but may be an aspherical shape for the purpose of suppressing aberrations.
- the surface shapes of the lenses 1A and 2A may be convex one by one or both may be convex. However, when there are convex surfaces on the opposite sides of the lenses 1A and 2A, it is necessary to hold the MLA1 and MLA2 so that the positional relationship does not deviate because an adhesive material or the like cannot be bonded between the lenses.
- the arrangement direction of the plurality of light emitting units may be as follows.
- A When the fly-eye lens 56 is used alone as a microlens array, the arrangement direction of the plurality of light emitting units is two orthogonal directions (the A direction and B in FIG. 9A). (Direction) is taken in a direction orthogonal to either one of them.
- B When the lenticular lens 57 is used alone or in combination with the fly-eye lens 56 as the microlens array, the arrangement direction of the plurality of light emitting portions is the longitudinal direction of the micro cylindrical lens (the C direction in FIG. 9B). ) In the direction orthogonal to.
- the entire screen is divided into a plurality of blocks. It becomes easy to control.
- the light emitting unit (light source array) and the microlens array are divided into a plurality of blocks so that light from each light source array in each block is incident at least approximately equally to the microlens array in the block. It is preferable that the optical axis of the light source is rotated.
- FIG. 10 An example of this form is shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, for the R light source, the light emitted from the three light sources (A, B, C) in the same block is almost equally incident on the microlens array (lens 1A) in the block.
- the state in which the light source optical axes 31M of the two light sources (A, C) are rotated in the directions of the arrows 31P, 31Q around the respective effective light emission points S is illustrated, but the same applies to the G light source and the B light source.
- the thickness of the backlight system can be reduced by reducing the area irradiated by one backlight system and irradiating one liquid crystal panel with a plurality of backlight systems. Can be made thinner.
- this can be realized by using a backlight system as one backlight unit 50 and arranging a plurality of backlight units 50 in parallel (composite backlight system).
- a backlight system as one backlight unit 50 and arranging a plurality of backlight units 50 in parallel (composite backlight system).
- the backlight system of the present invention controls the light amount of the light source for each unit of the backlight unit or for each of the plurality of units so that the brightness of different portions in one liquid crystal panel can be easily changed. It is preferable to have means (not shown). With this configuration, for example, when a part such as the moon floating in the night sky is bright and the other part displays a dark area, the amount of light of the backlight unit corresponding to the dark area is reduced, thereby reducing power consumption. It is possible to make a great contribution.
- FIG. 11C shows a case where MLA1 and MLA2 are integrated into a plurality of backlight units 50.
- the ideal form of the backlight system shown in FIG. 11 is to make the optical components to be integrated the same size as the liquid crystal panel.
- the manufacturing cost, the number of parts assembly steps, etc. are also taken into consideration What is necessary is just to employ
- the backlight system shown in FIG. 11 for example, in the form having the Fresnel lens 39, light (for example, R light) emitted from the light source of one of the plurality of backlight units 50 (assumed to be unit U ⁇ b> 1)
- the light is substantially in the direction of parallel light (originally, the Fresnel lens 39 of unit U2 deflects the incident light). It is greatly deviated from the desired direction) and becomes stray light.
- light having a different main wavelength for example, G light or B light
- the liquid crystal display device having the backlight system of the present invention has a “polarizer 32 / incident side glass substrate 33 / liquid crystal layer 34 / driving element / output side glass substrate from the light incident side”.
- 35 / Analyzer 36 / Diffusion plate 38 ′′ are stacked in this order.
- the light emitted from the light emitting unit 31 passes through the MLA1 and MLA2, is condensed on the picture element of the liquid crystal layer 34 through the polarizer 32 and the incident side glass substrate 33, and then the emission side glass substrate 35, After passing through the analyzer 36, it is diffused by the diffusion plate 38 and emitted to the outside.
- the driving element is disposed at the boundary between the pixels of the liquid crystal layer 34 and does not affect the light passing through each pixel.
- the order of stacking the components from the liquid crystal layer 34 to the light incident side is changed to “liquid crystal layer 34 / incident side glass substrate 33 / polarizer 32”.
- "Liquid crystal layer 34 / polarizer 32 / incident side glass substrate 33” may be used.
- the polarizer 32 between the liquid crystal layer 34 and the incident side glass substrate 33, it becomes possible to directly form the MLA 2 on the incident side glass substrate 33, and the position of the MLA 2 and the liquid crystal layer 34.
- the alignment can be held with high accuracy.
- the light condensed by the MLA 2 can be transmitted through the liquid crystal layer 34 while maintaining high polarization, so that an effect of preventing deterioration in display quality can be obtained.
- the order of component stacking from the liquid crystal layer 34 to the light emission side is “liquid crystal layer 34 / driving element / emission side glass substrate 35 / analyzer 36 / diffusion”.
- “liquid crystal layer 34 / driving element / analyzer 36 / output side glass substrate 35 / diffusion plate 38” may be used. In this way, by arranging the analyzer 36 between the emission side glass substrate 35 and the liquid crystal layer 34, the analyzer 36 can be built in at the time of manufacturing the liquid crystal panel. The bonding process can be omitted.
- the emission side glass substrate 35 is interposed between the liquid crystal layer 34 and the analyzer 36, the emission side glass substrate 35 is adjacent depending on the thickness.
- the analyzer 36 When the light that has passed through the picture elements reaches the analyzer 36, they may overlap each other, and if this overlapped light is diffused by the diffusion plate 38, there is a concern that the display quality may be deteriorated.
- liquid crystal layer 34 / driving element / emission side glass substrate 35 / analyzer instead of “36 / diffusion plate 38”, “liquid crystal layer 34 / driving element / analyzer 36 / diffusion plate 38 / emission side glass substrate 35” is preferable.
- a diffusion plate having a polarization maintaining function for example, an element that performs diffusion by total reflection at the internal refractive index boundary
- the driving element and the emission side are further provided in the liquid crystal display device.
- a diffusion plate having the polarization maintaining function may be provided between the glass substrate 35 and the glass substrate 35.
- liquid crystal layer 34 / driving element / diffusion plate having polarization maintaining function / emission side glass substrate 35 / analyzer 36 instead of “liquid crystal layer 34”.
- the diffusion plate 38 and the diffusion plate having a polarization maintaining function further have an incident angle independent diffusion characteristic (a diffusion intensity distribution when passing through the diffusion plate is constant regardless of the incident angle of the incident light to the diffusion plate) Therefore, the light that has passed through each of the picture elements that spatially divide the liquid crystal display pixel by color has the same diffusion characteristics, and therefore, it is more preferable because the display quality can be improved.
- the polarizer 32 is arranged between the first microlens array (MLA1) and the second microlens array (MLA2) of the imaging optical system in the backlight system.
- MLA1 first microlens array
- MLA2 second microlens array
- the imaging optical system in the backlight system may be arranged between the polarizer 32 and the incident side glass substrate 33. According to this configuration, since the imaging optical system can be manufactured in a liquid crystal element manufacturing process including an alignment process with the liquid crystal element, it is necessary when the imaging optical system is manufactured separately from the liquid crystal element. There is an advantage that alignment with a liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal panel) after manufacture is unnecessary.
- the first microlens array can be directly manufactured on the protective film of the polarizer, and the number of optical components can be reduced.
- an ultraviolet curable resin is applied on a glass substrate by spin coating or dipping.
- a light shielding mask is arranged on the coated surface at a predetermined interval in a virtual plane facing in parallel. At this time, it is preferable to arrange the light shielding mask so that ultraviolet rays are irradiated through the opening to a place where the fly-eye lens 56 is to be formed.
- the light shielding mask is preferably disposed between the exposure light source and the glass substrate. In this arrangement state, a part of the ultraviolet curable resin applied on the glass substrate is exposed by irradiating the light shielding mask with ultraviolet rays from the exposure light source. Subsequently, the fly-eye lens 56 is formed by developing and removing the unexposed UV curable resin.
- a lenticular lens 57 may be used instead of the fly-eye lens 56, and the same process can be applied even when the lenticular lens 57 is formed.
- the ultraviolet curable resin it is preferable to use a resin that does not change the polarization state. This is because, since an ultraviolet curable resin is formed on the glass substrate, an imaging optical system is formed between the polarizer and the analyzer, and the polarization state changes in this imaging optical system. This is because the display quality is degraded.
- liquid crystal display device even if the liquid crystal layer 34 and the drive element exchange their mutual stacking positions, the display performance does not change. Therefore, in the present liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal element and the drive element are stacked at the same position is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- the backlight system of the present invention is A backlight that has a light emitting unit that emits light having different principal wavelengths and an imaging optical system that collects the light emitted from the light emitting unit, and that irradiates the liquid crystal panel with the light that has passed through the imaging optical system A system
- the liquid crystal panel includes a plurality of pixels arranged at a predetermined pitch, and each pixel includes a plurality of picture elements corresponding to each color
- the imaging optical system includes a first lens array in which a plurality of first lenses are arranged at a predetermined pitch, and a second lens array in which a plurality of second lenses are arranged at a predetermined pitch.
- the first lens separates the light emitted from the light emitting unit by color, and collects the separated light at the same pitch as the arrangement pitch of the picture elements
- the second lens is provided in a one-to-one relationship with the picture element, and is disposed so that a position where light passing through the first lens is collected and a focal point of the second lens coincide with each other.
- the light passing through the first lens is deflected in directions substantially parallel to each other (direction substantially perpendicular to the display surface of the liquid crystal panel 37) to irradiate the liquid crystal panel.
- backlight system of the present invention can be expressed as follows.
- the backlight system further provides a light emitting unit that emits light having a different main wavelength and a plurality of pixels that are arranged at a predetermined pitch on the pixel array surface with light emitted from the light emitting unit.
- An imaging optical system for condensing each of the separately divided picture elements includes: a first lens array that separates and collects light emitted from the light emitting unit by color at the same pitch as an arrangement pitch of pixels corresponding to the same color; and the first lens A second lens array for deflecting light that has passed through the array in a substantially parallel direction;
- the second lens array is provided in the same number as the pixels arranged on the pixel array surface, the position where the light that has passed through the first lens array is condensed, and the second lens array They are arranged so that their focal points coincide.
- the present invention can be applied to a liquid crystal display device provided with a backlight.
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Abstract
Description
相異なる主波長の光を発する発光部と、該発光部から出射された光を集光させる結像光学系とを有し、該結像光学系を通過した光を液晶パネルに照射させるバックライトシステムであって、
前記液晶パネルは、所定のピッチで配列された複数の画素を含み、各画素が、色ごとに対応する複数の絵素を含んで構成されており、
前記結像光学系は、第1のレンズが所定のピッチで複数配列されてなる第1のレンズアレイと、第2のレンズが所定のピッチで複数配列されてなる第2のレンズアレイとを有し、
前記第1のレンズは、前記発光部から出射された光を色別に分離するとともに、分離した光を前記絵素の配列ピッチと同じピッチで集光させ、
前記第2のレンズは、前記絵素と1対1で設けられ、前記第1のレンズを通過した光が集光する位置と、当該第2のレンズの焦点とが互いに一致するように配置されるとともに、前記第1のレンズを通過した光を、前記液晶パネルの表示面に対してほぼ垂直な方向に偏向させて、前記液晶パネルに照射させることを特徴とする。
画素の配列ピッチをP、前記結像光学系の結像倍率を(1/n)としたとき、
前記発光部の配列ピッチP1は、
P1=n×P
で表され、前記第1のレンズの配列ピッチP2は、
P2=(n/(n+1))×P
で表される構成とすることもできる。
前記バックライトシステムあるいは複合バックライトシステムを有する液晶表示装置であって、
前記第2のレンズアレイにおける光の出射側において、
液晶層と光の入射側および出射側に配され該液晶層を狭持するガラス基板とを含む液晶素子と、該液晶素子を駆動する駆動素子と、該液晶素子の入射側のガラス基板上に配される偏光子と、該液晶素子の出射側のガラス基板上に配される検光子と、該検光子の出射面上に配される拡散素子と、
を有することを特徴とする。
〔実施の形態1〕
図1は、本実施の形態1における液晶表示装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。本液晶表示装置は、液晶パネルおよびバックライトシステムを含んで構成される。バックライトシステムは、相異なる主波長の光を発する発光部と、発光部から出射された光を集光させる結像光学系とを含んで構成されており、該結像光学系を通過した光を液晶パネルに照射させる。
n=a/b
となり、
光源アレイの同色光源の配列ピッチP1を、
P1=n×P
とし、MLA1のレンズ1Aの配列ピッチP2を、
P2=(n/(n+1))×P
とし、MLA2の同色に対応するレンズ2Aの配列ピッチP3を、
P3=P
とする。
P1=n×P
とし、かつ、MLA1におけるレンズ1AのレンズピッチP2を、
P2=(n/(n+1))×P
とする。
b=((n+1)/n)×f
とし、かつ、光源1からMLA1に至る主光線経路長aを、
a=n×b
とすれば、RGBの各光源からの光をそれぞれ対応するMLA2の焦点位置に集光させることができる。
線M1M2/線L1M1=線R1R2/線L1R1
MLA1のレンズピッチP2は線M1M2に対応しているので、上式より次の関係式が導出されることになる。
線M1M2=線L1M1×線R1R2/線L1R1
ここで、線L1M1=a=n×b、線R1R2=P、線L1R1=a+b=(n+1)×b、であるので、線M1M2は、
n×P/(n+1)
と計算される。よって、MLA1のレンズピッチP2である線M1M2が、n×P/(n+1)である場合、R光源からの光をそれぞれR絵素に対応したMLA2の焦点位置に集光させることができる。
線L1L2/線L1R1=線M1M2/線M1R1
光源アレイの同色光源間ピッチP1は、線L1L2に対応しているので、上式より次の関係式が導出されることになる。
線L1L2=線L1R1×線M1M2/線M1R1
ここで、線L1R1=a+b=(n+1)×b、線M1R1=b
であり、先に導出した線M1M2=n×P/(n+1)の関係式を適用すると、
線L1L2=n×P
と計算される。よって、同色光源間ピッチP1である線L1L2がn×Pである場合、複数の同色光源からの光(ここでは2つのR光源からの光)を1つのR絵素に対応したMLA2の焦点位置に集光させることができる。
〔実施の形態2〕
本実施の形態2における液晶表示装置およびこれに組み込まれるバックライトシステムについて、以下に説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、上記実施の形態1において示した部材と同一の機能を有する部材には、同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。また、実施の形態1において定義した用語については、特に断らない限り本実施例においてもその定義に則って用いるものとする。
(A)マイクロレンズアレイとしてフライアイレンズ56を単独で用いる場合、複数の発光部の配列方向は、マイクロレンズの配列方向とした縦横の直交二方向(図9の(a)のA方向、B方向)のいずれか一方に直交する方向にとる。
(B)マイクロレンズアレイとしてレンティキュラレンズ57を単独でもしくはフライアイレンズ56と組み合わせて用いる場合、複数の発光部の配列方向は、マイクロシリンドリカルレンズの長手方向(図9の(B)のC方向)に直交する方向にとる。
相異なる主波長の光を発する発光部と、該発光部から出射された光を集光させる結像光学系とを有し、該結像光学系を通過した光を液晶パネルに照射させるバックライトシステムであって、
前記液晶パネルは、所定のピッチで配列された複数の画素を含み、各画素が、色ごとに対応する複数の絵素を含んで構成されており、
前記結像光学系は、第1のレンズが所定のピッチで複数配列されてなる第1のレンズアレイと、第2のレンズが所定のピッチで複数配列されてなる第2のレンズアレイとを有し、
前記第1のレンズは、前記発光部から出射された光を色別に分離するとともに、分離した光を絵素の配列ピッチと同じピッチで集光させ、
前記第2のレンズは、絵素と1対1で設けられ、前記第1のレンズを通過した光が集光する位置と、当該第2のレンズの焦点とが互いに一致するように配置されるとともに、前記第1のレンズを通過した光を、互いにほぼ平行な方向(液晶パネル37の表示面に対してほぼ垂直な方向)に偏向させて前記液晶パネルに照射させることを特徴としている。
前記結像光学系は、前記発光部から出射された光を、同色に対応する絵素の配列ピッチと同じピッチに色別に分離して集光させる第1のレンズアレイと、該第1のレンズアレイを通過した光を、ほぼ平行な方向に偏向させる第2のレンズアレイとを有し、
前記第2のレンズアレイは、画素アレイ面上に配列された絵素と同じ個数だけ設けられるとともに、前記第1のレンズアレイを通過した光が集光する位置と、当該第2のレンズアレイの焦点とが一致するように配置されている。
30,40 バックライトシステム
31 発光部(光源アレイ)
32 偏光子
33 入射側ガラス基板
34 液晶層
35 出射側ガラス基板
36 検光子
37 液晶パネル
38 拡散板
39 フレネルレンズ
MLA1 第1のマイクロレンズアレイ
MLA2 第2のマイクロレンズアレイ
1A レンズ(第1のマイクロレンズ)
2A レンズ(第2のマイクロレンズ)
50 バックライトユニット
56 フライアイレンズ
57 レンティキュラレンズ
Claims (21)
- 相異なる主波長の光を発する発光部と、該発光部から出射された光を集光させる結像光学系とを有し、該結像光学系を通過した光を液晶パネルに照射させるバックライトシステムであって、
前記液晶パネルは、所定のピッチで配列された複数の画素を含み、各画素が、色ごとに対応する複数の絵素を含んで構成されており、
前記結像光学系は、第1のレンズが所定のピッチで複数配列されてなる第1のレンズアレイと、第2のレンズが所定のピッチで複数配列されてなる第2のレンズアレイとを有し、
前記第1のレンズは、前記発光部から出射された光を色別に分離するとともに、分離した光を前記絵素の配列ピッチと同じピッチで集光させ、
前記第2のレンズは、前記絵素と1対1で設けられ、前記第1のレンズを通過した光が集光する位置と、当該第2のレンズの焦点とが互いに一致するように配置されるとともに、前記第1のレンズを通過した光を、前記液晶パネルの表示面に対してほぼ垂直な方向に偏向させて、前記液晶パネルに照射させることを特徴とするバックライトシステム。 - 画素の配列ピッチをP、前記結像光学系の結像倍率を(1/n)としたとき、
前記発光部の配列ピッチP1は、
P1=n×P
で表され、前記第1のレンズの配列ピッチP2は、
P2=(n/(n+1))×P
で表されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバックライトシステム。 - 前記結像光学系が、フレネルレンズを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のバックライトシステム。
- 前記結像光学系の第1のレンズアレイおよび第2のレンズアレイが、表面形状により光路を偏向する、または屈折率分布により光路を偏向するレンズを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のバックライトシステム。
- 前記結像光学系の第1のレンズアレイおよび第2のレンズアレイが、フライアイレンズもしくはレンティキュラレンズ、またはこれらの組み合わせを含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載のバックライトシステム。
- 前記発光部が、LED光源、レーザー光源および有機EL光源のうちのいずれか1つの光源、または、該光源と導光体とを備えた発光装置、により構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のバックライトシステム。
- 前記発光部および前記結像光学系を複数のブロックに分け、各ブロック内の前記発光部から出射された光がいずれも同ブロック内の前記結像光学系にほぼ等しく入射するように、該発光部内の光源の光軸を回転させたことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のバックライトシステム。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のバックライトシステムを1つのバックライトユニットとし、該バックライトユニットを複数並列に配置したことを特徴とする複合バックライトシステム。
- 複数並列に配置した前記バックライトユニットの1ユニットごと、または複数ユニットごとに、前記発光部の光量を制御する手段を有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の複合バックライトシステム。
- 前記バックライトユニットにおける結像光学系のうちの少なくとも一つは、複数ユニット分が一体化されてなることを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載の複合バックライトシステム。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のバックライトシステム、あるいは、請求項8~10のいずれか1項に記載の複合バックライトシステムを有する液晶表示装置であって、
前記第2のレンズアレイにおける光の出射側において、
液晶層と光の入射側および出射側に配され該液晶層を狭持するガラス基板とを含む液晶素子と、該液晶素子を駆動する駆動素子と、該液晶素子の入射側のガラス基板上に配される偏光子と、該液晶素子の出射側のガラス基板上に配される検光子と、該検光子の出射面上に配される拡散素子と、
を有することを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶層から光の入射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/偏光子/入射側のガラス基板”としたことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶層から光の出射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/駆動素子/検光子/出射側のガラス基板/拡散素子”としたことを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶層から光の出射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/駆動素子/検光子/拡散素子/出射側のガラス基板”としたことを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の液晶表示装置。
- さらに、前記駆動素子と前記出射側のガラス基板との間に、偏光保持機能を有する拡散素子を有することを特徴とする請求項11または12に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶層から光の出射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/駆動素子/偏光保持機能を有する拡散素子/検光子/出射側のガラス基板”としたことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶層から光の出射側への部品積層順を、“液晶層/駆動素子/出射側のガラス基板/偏光保持機能を有する拡散素子/検光子”としたことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記拡散素子が、さらに、入射角無依存拡散特性を有することを特徴とする請求項11~17のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- さらに、前記出射側のガラス基板の入射面上にカラーフィルタ層を有することを特徴とする請求項11~18のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記偏光子が、前記第1のレンズアレイと前記第2のレンズアレイとの間に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の液晶表示装置。
- 前記液晶素子と前記駆動素子とが積層位置を互換されたことを特徴とする請求項11~20のいずれか1項に記載の液晶表示装置。
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JP2018511034A (ja) * | 2015-01-29 | 2018-04-19 | ヘプタゴン・マイクロ・オプティクス・プライベート・リミテッドHeptagon Micro Optics Pte. Ltd. | パターン化された照射を生成するための装置 |
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CN110032002B (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-03-01 | 深圳康佳电子科技有限公司 | 一种灯条旋转式背光模组及显示装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102859425A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
US20130201424A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
US9122097B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 |
EP2565704A1 (en) | 2013-03-06 |
JPWO2011135755A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
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