WO2011118219A1 - 金属部材結合構造及び装置 - Google Patents
金属部材結合構造及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011118219A1 WO2011118219A1 PCT/JP2011/001738 JP2011001738W WO2011118219A1 WO 2011118219 A1 WO2011118219 A1 WO 2011118219A1 JP 2011001738 W JP2011001738 W JP 2011001738W WO 2011118219 A1 WO2011118219 A1 WO 2011118219A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal member
- ring
- annular portion
- shaft
- annular
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K25/00—Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
- B21D39/037—Interlocking butt joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P11/00—Connecting or disconnecting metal parts or objects by metal-working techniques not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
- Y10T403/4949—Deforming component is inserted section
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal member bonding structure and a bonding apparatus using plastic flow bonding.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has a metal member coupling structure and a metal member coupling device capable of performing high-strength and high-precision coupling in the coupling of metal members utilizing plastic flow coupling. The purpose is to provide.
- the present invention fits the shaft-shaped portion of the second metal member having a shaft-shaped portion having a coupling groove on the outer peripheral portion to the ring-shaped portion of the first metal member having the ring-shaped portion.
- a constraining ring is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the annular portion of the first metal member, and the annular portion is pressed and plastically deformed to cause the annular portion to flow into the coupling groove of the shaft-like portion, thereby mechanically engaging.
- the first metal member and the second metal member are combined by the above.
- the annular portion can be reinforced by the restraining ring from the outer peripheral portion, and the annular portion can be plastically flowed into the coupling groove of the shaft-like portion and coupled.
- the annular part is reinforced by a restraining ring from the outer peripheral part, thereby restraining the annular part from spreading to the outer periphery. It is possible to achieve high bonding strength by efficiently plastically flowing into the coupling groove of the shaped portion.
- the annular part is fixed from the outer periphery with a restraining ring, even if a large load is applied to the annular part and pressed, the relative position between the axial part of the annular part and the axial center of the axial part is prevented from changing. Therefore, highly accurate coupling can be performed. In addition, it is possible to ensure high shear strength with respect to the axial direction by mechanical engagement, and high rotational strength due to residual stress during plastic flow bonding. Can be achieved.
- the first metal member may be an aluminum die-cast product, and the annular portion may be a thin portion having a thickness of 2 mm or more.
- high-strength bonding can be performed by plastically flowing the thin portion of the aluminum die-cast product with high hardness without breaking. Therefore, it is not necessary to integrally form a holder part in the shaft-like portion of the shaft-like second metal member as in the prior art, and to bolt this holder part to the first metal member formed by aluminum die casting. It is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the metal member. Further, since plastic flow bonding can be used, productivity can be improved.
- a ring member having a smaller thermal expansion coefficient and higher rigidity than the annular portion may be fitted to the outer periphery of the annular portion.
- the metal member coupling structure can be used in a high temperature and vibration environment such as an engine part. Even when applied to parts used in the above, the ring member is less than the annular portion while suppressing a decrease in fastening force due to a difference in thermal expansion between the first metal member and the second metal member at a high temperature.
- the coupling groove includes a lateral groove extending over a plurality of strips in the circumferential direction of the shaft-shaped portion, and a plurality of vertical grooves extending in the axial direction at intervals in the circumferential direction on any land portion. It may be. According to this configuration, not only the lateral grooves extending in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the shaft-shaped portion but also a plurality of vertical grooves such as tooth grooves are formed. Even when it is applied to a part or the like where a large rotational force is applied, by causing plastic flow in the longitudinal groove, it becomes a detent in the circumferential direction and the coupling strength is improved.
- a die mechanism for holding the first metal member and the second metal member, a constraining ring disposed on an outer peripheral portion of the annular portion of the first metal member, and an outer periphery of the annular portion of the first metal member by the constraining ring A punch mechanism that presses the annular part in a state in which the part is constrained, and the annular part is plastically deformed by pressing by the punch mechanism, and the annular part is caused to flow into the coupling groove of the shaft-like part, thereby mechanically engaging
- the first metal member and the second metal member are coupled by the above.
- the annular portion can be prevented from spreading in the outer peripheral direction.
- the annular portion of the first metal member is a thin portion of an aluminum die cast product
- the annular portion is pressed by the punch mechanism. Can be prevented from breaking.
- the plastically deformed annular portion can efficiently flow into the coupling groove.
- highly accurate coupling can be achieved.
- the constraining ring may be arranged in the punch mechanism. According to this configuration, in the mass production process, the restraint ring can be automatically detached from the annular portion of the first metal member by raising the punch mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to achieve high-precision and high-strength coupling between the annular portion and the shaft-shaped portion by using the constraint ring without requiring time and effort for detaching the constraint ring.
- a ring member having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion and higher rigidity than the annular portion may be fitted to the outer periphery of the annular portion, and the restraining ring may be disposed on the outer periphery of the ring member.
- the ring member having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the annular portion is fitted to the outer periphery of the annular portion, so that the metal member coupling structure can be used in a high temperature and vibration environment such as an engine part. Even when applied to the parts used, the ring member is more rigid than the annular part while suppressing a decrease in fastening force due to a difference in thermal expansion between the first metal member and the second metal member at high temperatures.
- the coupling groove includes a lateral groove extending over a plurality of strips in the circumferential direction of the shaft-shaped portion, and a plurality of vertical grooves extending in the axial direction at intervals in the circumferential direction on any land portion. It may be. According to this configuration, not only the lateral grooves extending in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the shaft-shaped portion but also a plurality of vertical grooves such as tooth grooves are formed. Even when it is applied to a part or the like on which a large rotational force acts, by causing plastic flow in the longitudinal groove, it becomes a detent in the circumferential direction and the coupling strength is improved.
- the annular portion can be reinforced from the outer peripheral portion with the restraining ring, and the annular portion can be plastically flowed into the coupling groove of the shaft-like portion to be coupled.
- the annular part is reinforced by a restraining ring from the outer peripheral part, thereby restraining the annular part from spreading to the outer periphery. It is possible to achieve high bonding strength by efficiently plastically flowing into the coupling groove of the shaped portion.
- the annular part is fixed from the outer periphery with a restraining ring, even if a large load is applied to the annular part and pressed, the relative position between the axial part of the annular part and the axial center of the axial part is prevented from changing. Therefore, highly accurate coupling can be performed.
- A is a cross-sectional view showing the first metal member and the second metal member
- B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the second metal member.
- A is a cross-sectional view showing a metal member combined according to the present embodiment
- B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of a second metal member. It is a figure which shows the coupling strength of the metal member couple
- FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 6 of another embodiment, in which A is a cross-sectional view showing metal members combined according to another embodiment, and B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of a second metal member.
- A is a cross-sectional view showing a first metal member and a second metal member
- B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of the second metal member
- C is a second metal. It is a top view of a member.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a first metal member 11 and a second metal member 12 to which the metal member coupling structure according to this embodiment can be applied.
- the shape of the 1st metal member 11 and the 2nd metal member 12 which were shown in drawing by this embodiment is only an example for demonstrating this embodiment, and the application member of this embodiment is limited to these. It is not a thing.
- the first metal member 11 is a metal housing and includes a main body 13 and an annular portion 14 formed integrally with the main body 13. An opening 15 is formed in the annular portion 14, and the annular portion 14 is, for example, a thin portion having a thickness t of 3 mm and a height h1 of 6 mm.
- the first metal member 11 is a die-cast product formed from an aluminum alloy or the like, and is a material having poor ductility.
- the second metal member 12 is formed from a steel material such as steel. In the present embodiment, the entire portion is formed in the shaft-like portion 17. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 1B, the shaft-shaped portion 17 is formed with a plurality of annular coupling grooves 16 along the outer peripheral surface thereof.
- the second metal member 12 is assumed to be a ring having a spline hole made of steel or the like, but is not limited thereto, and may be a shaft formed from a highly rigid material.
- the outer diameter of the shaft-like portion 17 is formed to be approximately the same diameter as the opening 15 provided in the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11 and having a desired tolerance.
- the 1st metal member 11 and the 2nd metal member 12 insert the shaft-shaped part 17 of the 2nd metal member 12 in the opening part 15 of the 1st metal member 11, and the 1st metal member 11 and the 2nd metal member 12 is preliminarily formed so that the axial centers of the annular portion 14 and the shaft-like portion 17 are superposed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the metal member coupling device 20 according to the present embodiment.
- the metal member coupling device 20 is generally composed of a punch mechanism 30 and a die mechanism 40.
- the punch mechanism 30 is supported by a piston 51 of a hydraulic cylinder (actuator), and the whole is configured to be movable up and down.
- An upper base 51A is fixed to the lower end of the piston 51, and a punch base 31 is fixed to the upper base 51A.
- the punch base 31 supports holders 38 and 39, and the holder 39 supports the upper end portion of the first gas spring 71.
- the first gas spring 71 holds the pressing member 71A in an extendable manner, and a cylindrical punch 36 is disposed around the pressing member 71A.
- the upper end portion of the cylindrical punch 36 is in contact with a punch pressing member 37, the punch pressing member 37 is held by a punch positioning holder 35, and the punch positioning holder 35 is fixed to the punch base 31.
- a restraining ring 33 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical punch 36, and the restraining ring 33 is formed integrally with the inner peripheral portion of the work presser 32.
- the restraint ring 33 has a height h (see FIG. 4) that is at least higher than a height h1 (see FIG. 1) of the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11.
- the work presser 32 is formed with four holes 32A (only one is shown in FIG.
- the die mechanism 40 is fixed to the lower base 41A, the die base 41 fixed to the lower base 41A, the die holder 42 fixed to the die base 41, the outer die 43 held up and down by the die holder 42, and the die holder 42.
- the inner die 44, the cored bar 45, and the knockout pin (knockout jig) 46 capable of urging the outer die 43 upward are configured.
- a shaft-shaped member having a coupling recess and a disk having a hole into which the shaft-shaped member is inserted are manufactured separately, and the shaft-shaped member is inserted into the disk so that the peripheral portion of the hole in the disk is Pressure is applied, the disk is plastically deformed, and flows into the concave portion of the shaft-like member, and mechanical engagement is obtained between the two members to be coupled.
- the aluminum die-cast parts exemplified in this embodiment are indispensable as lightweight and complex-shaped functional products and structural products, and must be joined to iron-based components for wear resistance and high durability.
- the punch mechanism 30 is installed in a state where it is raised to the upper limit value.
- the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 are installed on the die mechanism 40, the piston 51 of the actuator is driven, and the lowering of the punch mechanism 30 is started.
- the punch mechanism 30 is lowered, the lower surface of the pressing member 71A comes into contact with the upper surface of the second metal member 12 as shown in FIG.
- the first gas spring 71 contracts, and the sealing pressure of the first gas spring 71 causes the second metal member 12 to have a pressure of, for example, 3000 kg via the pressing member 71A.
- a load is applied.
- the second metal member 12 is pressed against the inner die 44 from above by the pressing member 71A.
- the punch mechanism 30 When the punch mechanism 30 continues to descend while the pressing member 71 ⁇ / b> A holds the second metal member 12, the punch mechanism 30 descends as shown in FIG. 3, and the restraining ring 33 is connected to the first metal member 11. It fits along the annular portion 14, and the lower surface of the restraining ring 33 abuts on the first metal member 11.
- the punch 36 is in a state where the tip of the punch 36 is in contact with the upper surface of the annular portion 14.
- the second gas spring 34A connected to the work presser 32 contracts, and the work presser 32 is moved by the sealing pressure of the second gas spring 34A.
- the first metal member 11 is applied to the four second gas springs 34A on the outer die 43 from above, for example, 170 kg (total of 680 kg).
- a predetermined load is applied to the punch 36 via the punch pressing member 37, as shown in FIG.
- a pressing force is applied to the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11 by the load applied to the punch 36.
- the annular portion 14 is plastically deformed by the pressure applied by the punch 36, and the annular portion 14 flows into the coupling groove 16 formed in the second metal member 12 (plastic flow coupling).
- the second gas spring 34A is compressed only by the stroke d of the punch 36 (corresponding to the gap between the work presser 32 and the guide flange 32B), and the work presser 32 is guided by the guide. It is pushed back upward along the post 34 and is lifted by the stroke d of the punch 36 from the guide flange 32B.
- the load (for example, the pressure) is applied to the pressing member 71A and the work pressing member 32.
- 3000 kg is applied to the member 71A and 680 kg is applied to the work presser 32, and the punch mechanism 30 is lifted while the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 are pressed against the die mechanism 40.
- 36 rises and the punch 36 is withdrawn from the connecting portion of the annular portion 14 and the shaft-like portion 17.
- the second gas spring 34A that has been pushed back is extended by the lift of the punch 36, and the contact between the punch 36 and the annular portion 14 is released, and at the same time, the work presser 32 is moved. It is fixed at the position of the guide flange 32B. As a result, for example, a load of 3000 kg is applied to the pressing member 71 ⁇ / b> A, and the work presser 32 moves up the punch mechanism 30 while pressing the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 against the die mechanism 40. Along with this, the punch 36 starts to rise, and the restraining ring 33 is detached from the annular portion 14.
- the punch mechanism 30 continues to rise, and the pressing member 71A is detached from the die mechanism 40 as the punch mechanism 30 rises.
- the knockout pin 46 provided in the die mechanism 40 is pushed up.
- the outer die 43 slides upward along the outer peripheral surface of the inner die 44 and pushes up the first metal member 11, so that the die mechanism 40 is coupled to the first metal member 11 and the first metal member 11.
- the second metal member 12 is detached.
- the punch 36 is arranged so that the inner circumference thereof is aligned with the inner circumference of the annular portion 14 when the tip thereof abuts on the annular portion 14.
- the desired bonding strength can be obtained when the punch width t2 of the punch 36 is 1.5 mm or more.
- FIG. 8 shows the experimental results. When the punch width t2 is 1 mm, the bonding strength is low regardless of the pressure at the time of bonding. When the punch width t2 is 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or 3 mm, the bonding is performed at any pressure. Strength is high.
- the thickness t1 of the annular portion 14 is desirably formed to be about 2 mm or more, which is thicker than the punch width t2. It is desirable that the tip of the punch 36 is angled and formed in a wedge shape, taking into account the ease with which the punch 36 is pulled out, and increasing the amount of material flow into the coupling groove 16.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the metal component 10 manufactured by the metal member coupling device 20.
- the annular portion 14 pressed and plastically deformed by the punch 36 flows into the coupling groove 16 and fills the coupling groove 16 as shown in FIG. 6B.
- the annular portion 14 and the shaft-like portion 17 are mechanically engaged, and the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 are joined.
- the joint surface between the coupling groove 16 and the annular portion 14 is in a state in which a high friction state is maintained by the action of residual stress due to the pressing of the punch 36. Therefore, a high shear strength is secured between the annular portion 14 and the shaft-like portion 17 in the axial direction, and strength in the rotational direction due to residual stress is secured.
- first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 are restrained by using the pressing member 71 ⁇ / b> A and the restraining ring 33, and a load is not applied to the second metal member 12.
- the member 12 can be coupled.
- the restraining ring 33 restrains the annular portion 14 from spreading in the outer circumferential direction, and the core member 45 of the die mechanism 40 is used to Since the shaft core is fixed, the annular portion 14 and the shaft-shaped portion 17 are plastically deformed without the shaft centers of the annular portion 14 and the shaft-shaped portion 17 being displaced.
- the relative position between the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 does not fluctuate before and after pressing, and the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 can be coupled with high accuracy (coaxiality). ⁇ 0.02 or less) can be achieved. Further, by forming the shaft-like portion 17 of the second metal member 12 with high rigidity in advance, the first metal member due to the deformation of the second metal member 12 when the annular portion 14 is plastically deformed and flows into the coupling groove 16. 11 and the second metal member 12 can be prevented from changing in relative positions.
- the annular portion 14 is in a state in which the concave portion 14a shown in FIG. 6 is formed in the portion where the punch 36 is in contact after plastic deformation. If it is desirable that the concave portion 14a is not formed due to the nature of the metal part 10, a pressing margin is formed in advance on the annular portion 14, a load is applied by bringing the punch 36 into contact with the pressing margin, and a load is applied. May be pressed.
- FIG. 7 shows an example in which a punch 36 having an outer diameter of 26 mm, an inner diameter of 20 mm, and a thickness t1 of 3 mm of the first metal member 11 made of aluminum die casting is used with a punch 36 having a punch width t2 of 2 mm. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the pressure attached
- the shaft-shaped portion 17 having the coupling groove 16 of the second metal member 12 is fitted to the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11, and the outer periphery of the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11.
- the constraining ring 33 is disposed at the portion, and the annular portion 14 is pressed and plastically deformed, so that the annular portion 14 flows into the coupling groove 16 of the shaft-like portion 17 and is mechanically engaged with the first metal member 11 and the first metal member 11.
- Two metal members 12 can be combined. Therefore, the annular portion 14 can be pressed without changing the relative positions of the annular portion 14 and the shaft-like portion 17, and high-precision coupling can be achieved.
- the annular portion 14 can be pressed to efficiently flow into the coupling groove 16, and a high coupling strength can be achieved. Further, since the annular portion 14 is plastically deformed and flows into the coupling groove 16 and the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 are coupled by mechanical engagement, for example, the second metal member 12 is conventionally used. Can be made lighter and lower in cost, and labor in the production process can be reduced, compared with the case where the first metal member 11 is fastened integrally with the holder. .
- first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 are coupled by mechanical meshing, a high shear strength can be ensured with respect to the axial direction, and a high rotational direction due to residual stress at the time of plastic flow bonding can be ensured. Strength can also be secured, and high-strength bonding can be achieved.
- the first metal member 11 is an aluminum die-cast product and the annular portion 14 is a thin-walled portion having a thickness of 2 mm or more, it has been difficult to join using plastic deformation in the past. It is possible to connect a shaft member having high rigidity to the thin portion of the product. Therefore, as in the prior art, for example, when fixing a ring made of steel to a thin annular portion of a metal housing, it is necessary to form the ring integrally with the ring holder and screw it into the housing with a bolt or the like. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the parts. Further, by using plastic flow bonding, productivity can be improved even in mass production.
- the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11 is fitted with the shaft-like portion 17 of the second metal member 12, and the restraining ring 33 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the annular portion 14.
- the expansion of the portion 14 in the outer peripheral direction can be prevented, the annular portion 14 can be prevented from being broken by pressing by the punch mechanism 30, and the plastically deformed annular portion 14 can be efficiently flowed into the coupling groove 16. Since the restraint ring 33 prevents the annular portion 14 and the shaft-like portion 17 fitted to the annular portion 14 from fluctuating, highly accurate coupling can be achieved.
- the punch mechanism 30 since the restraining ring 33 is disposed in the punch mechanism 30, the punch mechanism 30 is raised after the plastic flow deformation coupling between the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 is completed.
- the restraining ring 33 can be detached from the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11.
- the restraint ring 33 is automatically attached and detached, and the restraint ring 33 does not require time and effort to attach and remove the restraint ring 33, and the annular portion 14 and the shaft shape with high accuracy and high strength are used. Since the coupling
- the fastening force between the outer first metal member 11 and the inner second metal member 12 is reduced due to a difference in thermal expansion at high temperature.
- a decrease in the durability in the rotational direction occurred in part.
- the annular portion 14 of the first metal member 11 is thin, so that the annular portion 14 spreads outward by an input load in the rotational direction, and the material flowing into the coupling groove 16 gets over the coupling groove 16 without being sheared.
- the depth of the coupling groove 16 is normally about 0.1 mm so that the material does not get over the coupling groove 16. .2 mm or so.
- a steel ring (ring) made of a material having a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than that of the annular portion 14 and higher rigidity than the annular portion 14 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the annular portion 14.
- Member () 91 is fitted.
- the restraining ring 33 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the steel ring 91 in the metal member coupling device 20 shown in FIGS. 9, the same parts as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a steel ring 91 made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than that of the annular portion 14 is fitted on the outer periphery of the annular portion 14. Even when the coupling structure is applied to a part used in a high temperature and vibration environment such as an engine part, for example, due to a difference in thermal expansion between the first metal member 11 and the second metal member 12 at a high temperature. Decrease in fastening force can be suppressed. At this time, it is optimal if the thermal expansion coefficients of the steel ring 91 and the second metal member 12 are substantially equal.
- the steel ring 91 is comprised with the material whose rigidity is higher than the annular part 14, since the steel ring 91 protects the annular part 14 from the outside, the expansion to the outer side of the annular part 14 at the time of fastening is suppressed. The durability of the metal member coupling structure can be ensured. Moreover, since the steel ring 91 has a high elastic modulus and high strength, the fastening force can be improved even at room temperature. In addition, in the metal member coupling
- a coupling groove 16 is formed in the outer peripheral portion of the shaft-shaped portion 17 of the second metal member 12, and the coupling groove 16 extends across a plurality of strips in the circumferential direction of the shaft-shaped portion 17. 16A, and a plurality of vertical grooves 16B extending in the axial direction at intervals in the circumferential direction in the upper and lower land portions 17A of the horizontal groove 16A.
- the metal member coupling structure is, for example, the shaft-shaped portion 17.
- the plastic flow part to the longitudinal groove 16B is prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction by causing plastic flow in the longitudinal groove 16B.
- the bond strength is improved.
- the vertical grooves 16B are formed in the upper and lower land portions 17A of the horizontal grooves 16A.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and needless to say, the vertical grooves 16B may be formed in any one of the land portions 17A.
- this invention is not limited to this.
- the magnitude of the load applied to the punch 36, the stroke and pressing time of the punch 36 against the annular portion 14, the number of coupling grooves 16 and the depth of the groove, and other detailed configurations, the annular portion 14 and the second portion of the first metal member 11 are described. It can be arbitrarily changed according to the configuration of the shaft-like portion 17 of the metal member 12.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、二つの部材を結合する過程で、一方の部材に大きな荷重をかけて押圧するため、結合する両部材間の相対的な位置の変動が避けられず、高精度な結合が困難であった。
本発明は、上述した事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、塑性流動結合を利用した金属部材の結合において、高強度および高精度な結合を行うことができる金属部材結合構造及び金属部材結合装置を提供することを目的とする。
この構成によれば、硬度の高いアルミダイカスト製品の薄肉部分を、破断することなく塑性流動させて高強度の結合を行うことができる。そのため、従来のように軸状の第2金属部材の軸状部分にホルダ部を一体に形成して、このホルダ部をアルミダイカストで形成された第1金属部材にボルト締結する必要がないため、金属部材の軽量化及び低コスト化を図ることができる。また、塑性流動結合を利用することができるため、生産性を向上することができる。
この構成によれば、当該環状部分よりも熱膨張係数が小さいリング部材が、環状部分の外周に嵌合されるため、この金属部材結合構造が、例えばエンジン部品などのように高温かつ振動環境下で使用される部品に適用された場合であっても、高温下における第1金属部材と第2金属部材の熱膨張差による締結力の低下を抑止すると共に、上記リング部材が、環状部分よりも剛性が高い部材で構成されるため、リング部材が環状部分を外側から保護するため、金属部材結合構造の耐久性を確保できる。
この構成において、前記結合溝が、前記軸状部分の周方向に複数条に亘って延びる横溝と、いずれかのランド部に周方向に間隔をあけて軸方向に延びる複数の縦溝とを備えたものであっても良い。
この構成によれば、軸状部分の外周に周方向に延びる横溝だけでなく、歯溝のような複数の縦溝が形成されるため、この金属部材結合構造が、例えば軸状部分に周方向への回転力が大きく作用する部品などに適用された場合であっても、縦溝に塑性流動させることで、周方向への回り止めとなって、結合強度が向上する。
この構成によれば、当該環状部分よりも熱膨張係数が小さいリング部材が、環状部分の外周に嵌合されるため、金属部材結合構造が、例えばエンジン部品などのように高温かつ振動環境下で使用される部品に適用された場合であっても、高温下における第1金属部材と第2金属部材の熱膨張差による締結力の低下を抑止すると共に、上記リング部材が、環状部分よりも剛性が高い部材で構成されるため、リング部材が環状部分を外側から保護するため、金属部材結合構造の耐久性を確保できる。
この構成において、前記結合溝が、前記軸状部分の周方向に複数条に亘って延びる横溝と、いずれかのランド部に周方向に間隔をあけて軸方向に延びる複数の縦溝とを備えたものであっても良い。
この構成によれば、軸状部分の外周に周方向に延びる横溝だけでなく、歯溝のような複数の縦溝が形成されるため、金属部材結合構造が、例えば軸状部分に周方向への回転力が大きく作用する部品などに適用された場合であっても、縦溝に塑性流動させることで、周方向への回り止めとなって、結合強度が向上する。
図1は、本実施形態に係る金属部材結合構造が適用可能な第1金属部材11および第2金属部材12の一例を示している。なお、本実施形態で図面に示した第1金属部材11および第2金属部材12の形状は、本実施形態を説明するための一例にすぎず、本実施形態の適用部材はこれらに限定されるものではない。
軸状部分17の外径は、第1金属部材11の環状部分14に備えられた開口部15と、所望の公差を有する略同径に形成されている。また、第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12は、第2金属部材12の軸状部分17を、第1金属部材11の開口部15に挿入し、第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12とを嵌合させた際に、環状部分14と軸状部分17の軸心が高精度に重合するように、予め形成されている。
パンチベース31はホルダ38,39を支持し、ホルダ39は第1ガススプリング71の上端部を支持している。第1ガススプリング71は伸縮自在に押圧部材71Aを保持し、押圧部材71Aの周囲には円筒状のパンチ36が配置されている。円筒状のパンチ36の上端部はパンチ押圧部材37に当接し、パンチ押圧部材37はパンチ位置決めホルダ35で保持され、パンチ位置決めホルダ35はパンチベース31に固定されている。円筒状のパンチ36の外周部には拘束リング33が配置され、拘束リング33はワーク押さえ32の内周部に一体に形成されている。拘束リング33の高さh(図4参照)は、少なくとも第1金属部材11の環状部分14の高さh1(図1参照)よりも高く形成されている。ワーク押さえ32には、略対角線上に4つの孔32A(図2では1つのみ図示する。)が形成され、これら孔32Aには、パンチベース31に頭つきロッドで吊り下げられた剛性が高いガイドポスト34が嵌合している。ガイドポスト34の下端にはガイドフランジ32Bがボルトで連結されている。また、ワーク押さえ32には、上向きに伸ばされた4本の第2ガススプリング34A(1つのみ図示する。)がボルトで連結され、第2ガススプリング34Aの上端面は、パンチ位置決めホルダ35に当接している。
上記塑性流動結合は、例えば軸と円盤が一体となった、機械部品に数多く使われる焼入れ製品などの高強度部材の製造効率を向上し、設備投資を低減するためにその研究が進められ、一般的に、結合用の凹部を有する軸状部材と、軸状部材が挿入される穴を有する円盤と、を個別に製造し、軸状部材を円盤に挿入して、円盤の穴の周辺部を加圧し、円盤を塑性変形させて、軸状部材の凹部に流動させ、2部材間に機械的な噛み合いを得て結合する。本実施形態に例示したアルミニウムダイカスト部品は、軽量化と複雑形状の機能品、構造品として欠くことのできないものであり、耐磨耗、高耐久化のために鉄系部品との結合が必須であるが、塑性変形能が乏しいため、塑性流動結合を達成するためには、高い結合圧力をかける必要があり、延性の乏しいアルミニウムダイカスト材料に、この高い結合圧力によって亀裂が生じないように対策する必要がある。
特に、本実施形態に例示した、金属製のハウジングの環状部分等のような、薄肉部材においては、高い結合圧力を保持することが困難であるが、薄肉の環状部分14を拘束リング33でその外周から補強し、結合圧力によって環状部分14が外周方向へ拡がるのを拘束することによって、環状部分14に亀裂が生じるのを防止することができるとともに、塑性変形した環状部分14を軸状部分17に形成された結合溝16に流動させることができる。
パンチ機構30が下降すると、図2に示すように、押圧部材71Aの下面が、第2金属部材12の上面に当接する。この状態で、更に、パンチ機構30の下降が継続すると、第1ガススプリング71が収縮し、第1ガススプリング71の封入圧力によって、第2金属部材12に、押圧部材71Aを介して例えば3000kgの荷重がかけられる。これによって、第2金属部材12は、インナーダイ44に押圧部材71Aによって上方から押し付けられる。
環状部分14はこのパンチ36によってかけられる押圧によって塑性変形し、環状部分14が第2金属部材12に形成された結合溝16に流入する(塑性流動結合)。パンチ36に付される荷重が、予め設定された荷重に達すると、パンチ機構30の下降が停止し、予め設定された時間、パンチ36は荷重がかけられた状態で押さえられる。このとき、図5に示すように、第2ガススプリング34Aは、パンチ36のストロークd(ワーク押さえ32とガイドフランジ32Bとの間の間隙に相当する。)だけ圧縮され、ワーク押さえ32は、ガイドポスト34に沿って上方に押し戻されてガイドフランジ32Bからパンチ36のストロークdだけ浮いた状態となる。
ここで、パンチ36のパンチ幅t2は、1.5mm以上で所望する結合強度を得ることができるということが実験から証明されている。
図8は、実験結果を示す。パンチ幅t2が、1mmのときには、結合時の圧力がいずれの圧力であっても、結合強度が低く、パンチ幅t2が、1.5mm、2mm、3mmのときには、いずれの圧力であっても結合強度が高くなっている。そのため、環状部分14の厚さt1は、パンチ幅t2よりも厚い、約2mm以上に形成されることが望ましい。パンチ36の先端部に角度をつけて楔形に形成し、パンチ36の抜き易さを考慮するとともに、結合溝16への材料流動量を増加させることは望ましい。
結合溝16と、環状部分14の接合面は、パンチ36の押圧による残留応力の作用で、高摩擦状態が維持された状態となる。そのため、環状部分14と軸状部分17の間には、軸方向に対して高いせん断強度が確保されるとともに、残留応力による回転方向の強度が確保される。よって、環状部分14の塑性流動を利用した高強度の結合を達成することができる。また、軸状部分17の外周面に沿って複数並べて形成された環状の結合溝16,16間に設けられる凸部の一部を削り取り、そこへ塑性変形した環状部分14を流動させて、軸状部分17が環状部分14に対して回転するのを抑止し、金属部品10の回転方向の結合強度を、更に高める構成としても良い。
第1金属部材11の環状部分14に荷重をかけて押圧する際には、拘束リング33が環状部分14の外周方向への拡がりを拘束し、ダイ機構40の芯金45で軸状部分17の軸芯を固定するため、環状部分14及び軸状部分17の軸心がぶれることなく、環状部分14が塑性変形する。そのため、第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12との相対的な位置が押圧の前後で変動することがなく、第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12との高精度な結合(同軸度φ0.02以下)を達成することができる。
また、第2金属部材12の軸状部分17を予め高い剛性で形成することによって、環状部分14が塑性変形し結合溝16へ流入した際に、第2金属部材12の変形による第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12との相対的な位置の変動を防ぐことができる。
本実施形態においては、図7に示すように、結合強度は、パンチ36に付される圧力と比例して上昇する。また、1.5GPaの圧力をパンチ36に付した際には、約23kNの軸方向の結合強度を達成することができ、環状部分14を破断することなく、薄肉のアルミダイカスト性の環状部分14に塑性流動結合を用いて軸状部分17を結合することができることを証明している。
また、環状部分14を塑性変形させて、結合溝16に流入させて、機械的かみ合いにより第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12を結合するため、従来のように、例えば第2金属部材12をホルダと一体に形成し、ボルトで第1金属部材11に締結していたのに比べて、部品の軽量化および低コスト化を計ることができるとともに、生産工程における手間を削減することができる。また、第1金属部材11と第2金属部材12が機械的かみ合いによって結合するため、軸方向対して高いせん断強度を確保することができると共に、塑性流動結合時の、残留応力による高い回転方向の強度も確保することができ、高強度な結合を達成することができる。
そのため、従来のように、例えば金属製のハウジングの薄肉の環状部分に鋼材で形成されたリングなどを固定する場合、リングをリングホルダと一体に形成し、ボルト等でハウジンに螺合する必要がないため、部品の小型化および大幅な軽量化を計ることができる。さらに塑性流動結合を用いることで、大量生産においても、生産性を向上することもできる。また、本実施形態によれば、第1金属部材11の環状部分14に、第2金属部材12の軸状部分17を嵌合し、環状部分14の外周部に拘束リング33を配置したため、環状部分14の外周方向への拡がりを防ぐことができ、パンチ機構30による押圧で環状部分14が破断するのを防止でき、さらに、塑性変形した環状部分14を効率よく結合溝16に流入できる。拘束リング33で環状部分14及び、環状部分14に嵌合された軸状部分17の変動を防ぐため、高精度な結合を達成できる。
例えば、エンジン部品などのように高温かつ振動環境下で使用される部品では、高温での熱膨張差により、外側の第1金属部材11と、内側の第2金属部材12との締結力が低下し、一部に回転方向の耐久強度の低下が発現した。第1金属部材11の環状部分14が薄肉のため、回転方向の入力負荷により、環状部分14が外側に拡がり、結合溝16に流入した材料がせん断されずに、結合溝16を乗り越えるためである。
本実施形態では、材料が、結合溝16を乗り越えないように、結合溝16の深さを、通常が0.1mm程度であるところ、例えば、0.1mm程度さらに深くして、2倍の0.2mm程度に形成されている。
また、図9A,図9Bに示すように、上記環状部分14の外周側に、少なくとも環状部分14よりも熱膨張係数が小さく、しかも、環状部分14より剛性が高い材料製の例えば鋼リング(リング部材)91が嵌合されている。
この金属部材結合構造としたときには、図2,図3,図5などに示す金属部材結合装置20において、鋼リング91の外周部に、上記拘束リング33が配置される。尚、図9において、図6と同一部分には同一符号を付して示し、その説明を省略する。
尚、この実施形態による金属部材結合構造物品では、環状部分14の外周に鋼リング91が嵌合したまま残される。
この実施の形態では、第2金属部材12の軸状部分17の外周部に結合溝16が形成されており、この結合溝16が、軸状部分17の周方向に複数条に亘って延びる横溝16Aと、横溝16Aの上下のランド部17Aに周方向に間隔をあけて軸方向に延びる複数の縦溝16Bとを備えて構成されている。
この構成によれば、軸状部分17の外周に周方向に延びる横溝16Aだけでなく、歯溝のような複数の縦溝16Bが形成されるため、金属部材結合構造が、例えば軸状部分17に周方向への回転力が大きく作用する部品などに適用された場合であっても、縦溝16Bにも塑性流動させることで、縦溝16Bへの塑性流動部が、周方向への回り止めとして機能して、結合強度が向上する。この縦溝16Bは、横溝16Aの上下のランド部17Aに形成したが、これに限定されず、いずれか一方のランド部17Aに形成すれば良いことは云うまでもない。
12 第2金属部材
14 環状部分
16 結合溝
16A 横溝
16B 縦溝
17 軸状部分
17A ランド部
20 金属部材結合装置
23 拘束リング
24 パンチ
91 鋼リング(リング部材)
Claims (8)
- 環状部分を備える第1金属部材の当該環状部分に、外周部に結合溝を有した軸状部分を備える第2金属部材の当該軸状部分を嵌合し、第1金属部材の環状部分の外周部に拘束リングを配置し、当該環状部分を押圧して塑性変形させることにより、環状部分を軸状部分の結合溝に流入させて、機械的かみ合いにより第1金属部材と第2金属部材を結合したことを特徴とする金属部材結合構造。
- 前記第1金属部材がアルミニウムダイカスト製品であり、前記環状部分が厚さ2mm以上の薄肉部分であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属部材結合構造。
- 前記環状部分の外周に当該環状部分よりも熱膨張係数が小さく剛性が高いリング部材が嵌合されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の金属部材結合構造。
- 前記結合溝が、前記軸状部分の周方向に複数条に亘って延びる横溝と、いずれかのランド部に周方向に間隔をあけて軸方向に延びる複数の縦溝とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の金属部材結合構造。
- 環状部分を備える第1金属部材の当該環状部分に、外周部に結合溝を有した軸状部分を備える第2金属部材の当該軸状部分を嵌合した状態で、前記第1金属部材及び前記第2金属部材を保持するダイ機構と、
前記第1金属部材の環状部分の外周部に配置される拘束リングと、
前記拘束リングにより前記第1金属部材の環状部分の外周部を拘束した状態で、当該環状部分を押圧するパンチ機構とを備え、
前記パンチ機構による押圧により前記環状部分を塑性変形し、環状部分を軸状部分の結合溝に流入させて、機械的かみ合いにより前記第1金属部材と前記第2金属部材を結合することを特徴とする金属部材結合装置。 - 前記拘束リングが、前記パンチ機構に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の金属部材結合装置。
- 前記環状部分の外周に当該環状部分よりも熱膨張係数が小さく剛性が高いリング部材が嵌合され、リング部材の外周部に前記拘束リングが配置されることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の金属部材結合装置。
- 前記結合溝が、前記軸状部分の周方向に複数条に亘って延びる横溝と、いずれかのランド部に周方向に間隔をあけて軸方向に延びる複数の縦溝とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項5乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の金属部材結合装置。
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US5476210A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-12-19 | Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Structure for joining plate elements and method for joining the same |
JP4006640B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-12 | 2007-11-14 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 塑性結合部品の製造方法 |
EP2371477A2 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2011-10-05 | IHI Corporation | Connection method of metal component and connection structure |
JP5252146B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-27 | 2013-07-31 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 2部材の結合方法 |
EP2469356A1 (fr) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-27 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Assemblage d'une pièce ne comportant pas de domaine plastique |
EP2469351A1 (fr) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-27 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Assemblage d'une pièce ne comportant pas de domaine plastique |
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- 2011-03-24 JP JP2012506856A patent/JP5782022B2/ja active Active
- 2011-03-24 EP EP11759028.1A patent/EP2554289A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-03-24 WO PCT/JP2011/001738 patent/WO2011118219A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-03-24 CN CN201180016310.7A patent/CN102834198B/zh active Active
- 2011-03-24 KR KR1020127027914A patent/KR101778327B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-03-24 US US13/636,717 patent/US9492863B2/en active Active
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JPH05318109A (ja) | 1992-05-25 | 1993-12-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 鉄骨柱溶接装置 |
JP2000024842A (ja) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-25 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | 等速形自在軸継手における軸部材の製造方法及び外輪部材と軸部材との結合方法 |
JP2002295504A (ja) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-10-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 等速ジョイント外輪部材と軸部材との結合方法および等速ジョイント |
JP2003311547A (ja) * | 2002-04-25 | 2003-11-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 圧入結合方法 |
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WO2024127871A1 (ja) * | 2022-12-16 | 2024-06-20 | 株式会社ソミックマネージメントホールディングス | ロータリダンパの製造方法およびロータリダンパ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5782022B2 (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
US20130011186A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
KR101778327B1 (ko) | 2017-09-13 |
US9492863B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
JPWO2011118219A1 (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
CN102834198B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
CN102834198A (zh) | 2012-12-19 |
EP2554289A4 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
EP2554289A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
KR20130067254A (ko) | 2013-06-21 |
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