WO2011116508A1 - 熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺 - Google Patents

熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺 Download PDF

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WO2011116508A1
WO2011116508A1 PCT/CN2010/000941 CN2010000941W WO2011116508A1 WO 2011116508 A1 WO2011116508 A1 WO 2011116508A1 CN 2010000941 W CN2010000941 W CN 2010000941W WO 2011116508 A1 WO2011116508 A1 WO 2011116508A1
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box
sand
negative pressure
film
model
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PCT/CN2010/000941
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French (fr)
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侯松发
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河南省前卫实业有限公司
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/03Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings formed by vacuum-sealed moulding

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  • the present invention relates to a method for molding a fused cast refractory product and a metal oxide casting, and more particularly to a negative pressure molding process for a fused cast refractory product.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a negative pressure molding process for a fused cast refractory material which has good sand removal, good quality of finished products and energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:
  • the negative pressure molding process of the fused cast refractory product of the present invention comprises the following steps: First step: placing the model on a stencil with a suction box, and opening a vent hole and a vent on the model in the longitudinal direction The inner chamber of the suction box connected with the vacuum pump is connected; the softened film is covered on the surface of the model, the vacuum pump is activated, and the vacuum suction is applied to the surface of the model; the zircon powder coating is evenly sprayed outside the model after the coating On the surface
  • the second step placing a sand box matching the model size on the model on the above-mentioned template, the side wall of the sand box is provided with a filter suction pipe connected with the vacuum pump; and the processed dry sand is filled into the sand Inside the box, after the microseismic cover, the backing film is closed to the sand box, and the vacuum pump is started to pump the inside of the sand box into a negative pressure to harden the mold;
  • the third step the vacuum state in the suction box is removed in the first step, that is, the adsorption force on the surface film of the model is eliminated, and then the top box is taken out to complete the mold lower box;
  • Step 4 Reserve the riser and vent holes in the upper box that is the same size as the mold lower box, fill the dry sand and smooth the surface of the sand layer, and seal the film through the filter suction pipe opened on the side wall.
  • the chamber is pumped to the negative pressure;
  • the film is softened by heating by a heater at a softening temperature of 80 to 120 °C.
  • the first step of vacuum suction desired skin film thickness o the model zircon powder coatings 0. 04 ⁇ 0. 095Mpa is 0. 3-1. 5mm, non-stick products ensures sand, no Stomata.
  • the dry sand has a particle size of 50-100 mesh; the dry sand has a silica content of more than 99%, which meets the requirements of the cast refractory product.
  • the invention has the advantages of adopting the above-mentioned negative pressure molding process, and the produced product has a smooth surface, no stick sand, white color and yellowish color, and no pores inside; since the vacuum chamber sand box used is a movable structure, the product can be poured after pouring Placed in a general sandbox for insulation, this chamber can be reused, greatly reducing production costs.
  • the sand box is filled with binderless dry sand, which eliminates the binder, attachment or drying process of the molding sand in other molding processes, reduces environmental pollution, is a green casting process, and reduces the discharge of industrial waste.
  • the reuse rate of used sand is over 98%, and the effect of energy saving and emission reduction is remarkable.
  • the direct injection method the heat loss is reduced, and the product is easy to form. Under the negative pressure state, the heat dissipation of different parts can be controlled. Balanced solidification, which greatly reduces product cracks.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the lower case of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the integral mold of the present invention.
  • the negative pressure molding process of the fused cast refractory product of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • First step the model 1 is placed on the stencil with the suction box 2, and the vent hole 3 opened in the longitudinal direction on the model 1 is connected to the inner cavity of the suction box 2 to which the vacuum pump is connected;
  • the plastic film 4 with high rate and high plastic deformation rate is softened by heating with a heater (the temperature of the plastic film is 80-120 ⁇ ), and then covered on the surface of the model 1, the vacuum pump is started, and the vacuum suction of 0. 04 ⁇ 0. 095 Mpa is used to make the film 4 3-1. 5mm, if the coating is too thin, the product will stick to the sand, if the coating is too thin, the coating will be adhered to the outer surface of the model.
  • Second step a vacuum chamber sand box 5 matching the size of the model 1 is placed around the model 1 on the above-mentioned template, and the side wall of the flask 5 is opened. a filtered air suction pipe 6 connected to the vacuum pump; the dried sand mash having a treated particle size of 50-100 mesh and a silica content of more than 99% is filled into the sand box 5, and the sand is reached after a micro-shock for 30 to 60 seconds. After tightening to a higher density, the cover film 8 covers the flask 5, The vacuum pump is started to pump the inside of the flask 5 into a negative pressure to harden the mold;
  • the third step the vacuum state in the suction box 2 in the first step is removed, that is, the adsorption force on the surface film 4 of the model 1 is eliminated, and then the top box is taken out to complete the mold lower box;
  • Step 4 Reserve the pouring riser 10 and the venting hole 11 in the upper box 9 which is the same as the size of the lower mold box, fill the dry sand 7 and scrape the surface of the sand layer, and seal the film through the filter on the side wall.
  • the trachea 12 draws its inner cavity to a negative pressure;
  • Step 5 Combine the upper box and the lower box to form an integral mold with a pouring spout 10 and a cavity, and directly cast the upper and lower boxes under the negative pressure state to the furnace, and the pouring temperature is 1800- - 2100 ° C, after 10 to 120 minutes of pressure and solidification, the negative pressure of the inner and lower chambers is released; in the original sand box (the vacuum chamber can also be taken out, reused, only in the general sand box) After 7-12 days of heat preservation, the refractory products with smooth surface and suitable color can be obtained.
  • the refractoriness of the sand used meets the casting requirements of the cast refractory products, and the thickness of the zircon powder coating can ensure the surface of the product. It is non-sticky, has no pores, and can make the sand not be sintered.
  • the discharged sand can be reused after cooling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及熔铸耐火材料制品及金属氧化物铸件的造型方法, 尤其是涉及一 种熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺。
背景技术
在玻璃及玻璃制品窑炉用的锆刚玉制品造型工艺中, 一直釆用水玻璃砂。 但 是由于水玻璃砂再生困难, 成本高, 重复利用率低, 一次性使用可产生大量的工 业垃圾, 一直以来没有别的方法可以替代。 同时生产时需加入水玻璃在混砂机内 混制、 打型、 烘干、 粘型等, 工序复杂, 劳动强度大, 动力消耗大; 铸型需六块 以上型板组合粘结,尺寸精度得不到保证。负压密封造型工艺是一种不用粘结剂、
7J和其它添加剂, 仅用干砂、 塑料薄膜密封、 抽负压进行造型的技术, 生产出的 制品表面光洁、尺寸精确、质量好, 在铸铁行业刚刚起步, 仅用于叉车配重生产。 由于铸铁制品和熔铸耐火材料制品之间的差异性, 如在材质上不同 (金属与非金 属之差) , 结晶形式不同 (铸铁为单结晶, 熔铸制品为多结晶) , 熔铸温度不同 (铸铁 1340— 1380°C,熔铸制品 1800— 2100°C )等等,所以将负压造型工艺运用 于熔铸耐火材料行业是一个有待突破的新课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种脱砂好、 成品质量达标且节能减排的熔铸耐火材 料制品的负压造型工艺。
为实现上述目的, 本发明可采取下述技术方案:
本发明所述的熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺, 它包括下述步骤: 第一步: 把模型放在带有抽气箱的型板上, 沿纵向开设在模型上的通气孔与 所述连接有真空泵的抽气箱内腔相连通; 将软化的薄膜覆盖在模型表层, 启动真 空泵, 真空吸力使薄膜紧贴在模型表层上; 将锆英粉涂料均匀喷涂在覆膜后的模 型外表面上; 第二步: 在上述型板上环绕模型放置与模型尺寸相匹配的砂箱, 所述砂箱的 侧壁开设有与真空泵相连通的过滤抽气管; 将处理好的干砂填充进所述砂箱内, 微震后覆盖背膜封闭砂箱, 启动真空泵将砂箱内抽为负压, 使铸型硬化;
第三步: 解除第一步中抽气箱内的真空状态, 即消除对模型表层薄膜的吸附 力, 然后顶箱起模, 完成铸型下箱;
第四步: 将与铸型下箱大小一致的上箱预留出浇冒口和排气孔, 填充干砂并 刮平砂层表面, 薄膜密封后通过侧壁上开设的过滤抽气管将其内腔抽至负压; 第五步:将上述上箱和下箱合起来, 形成有浇冒口和型腔的整体铸型,在上、 下箱处于负压状态下移至炉前直接浇注, 经 10-120min保压凝固后, 解除上、 下 箱内腔负压状态; 将工件保温 7- 12天后, 即可得到熔铸耐火材料制品。
所述薄膜通过加热器对其进行加热软化, 软化温度为 80-120°C。
所述第一步中对模型的表层薄膜所需的真空吸力为 0. 04〜0. 095Mpao 所述锆英粉涂料的厚度为 0. 3-1. 5mm, 可保证制品不粘砂, 无气孔。
选取干砂的粒度为 50-100目; 干砂中二氧化硅的含量大于 99%, 使其符合熔 铸耐火材料制品的要求。
本发明的优点在于采用上述的负压造型工艺, 生产出的产品表面光洁, 不粘 砂, 色泽白色微黄, 内部无气孔; 由于采用的真空气室砂箱为活动式结构, 浇注 后产品可以放置在一般砂箱中保温,此气室可以重复使用,大大降低了生产成本。 砂箱内填充无粘结剂的干砂, 省去了其他造型工艺中型砂的粘结剂、 附加物或烘 干工序, 减少了环境污染, 属绿色铸造工艺, 降低了工业垃圾的排放量, 旧砂回 用率达 98%以上, 节能减排效果显著; 饶注时采用直接侥注法, 减少了热量损失, 制品容易成型; 在负压状态下浇法, 可控制不同部位散热量, 达到均衡凝固, 使 制品裂纹大大减少。
附图说明
图 1是本发明下箱的结构示意图。
图.2是本发明整体铸型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式 如图 1、 2所示,本发明所述的熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺, 它包括下 述步骤:
第一步: 把模型 1放在带有抽气箱 2的型板上, 沿纵向开设在模型 1上的通 气孔 3与所述连接有真空泵的抽气箱 2内腔相连通; 将拉伸率大, 塑性变形率高 的塑料薄膜 4用加热器加热软化(塑料薄膜加热的温度为 80-120Γ ) 后覆盖在 模型 1表层, 启动真空泵, 0. 04 ~ 0. 095Mpa的真空吸力使薄膜 4紧贴在模型 1表 层上; 将醇基锆英粉涂料均匀喷涂在覆膜后的模型外表面上, 涂层厚度为选择 0. 3-1. 5mm,如果涂层太薄制品会粘砂,涂层太厚透气性差,会造成制品内部气孔; 第二步: 在上述型板上环绕模型 1放置与模型 1尺寸相匹配的真空气室砂箱 5, 所述砂箱 5 的侧壁开设有与真空泵相连通的过滤抽气管 6; 将处理好的粒度 50-100目、二氧化硅含量大于 99%的干砂 Ί填充进所述砂箱 5内,经 30〜60秒微 震, 使砂子达到紧实至较高的密度后, 覆盖背膜 8封闭砂箱 5, 启动真空泵将砂 箱 5内抽为负压, 使铸型硬化;
第三步: 解除第一步中抽气箱 2内的真空状态, 即消除对模型 1表层薄膜 4 的吸附力, 然后顶箱起模, 完成铸型下箱;
第四步: 将与铸型下箱大小一致的上箱 9预留出浇冒口 10和排气孔 11, 填 充干砂 7并刮平砂层表面,薄膜密封后通过侧壁上开设的过滤抽气管 12将其内腔 抽至负压;
第五步:将上述上箱和下箱合起来,形成有浇冒口 10和型腔的整体铸型,在 上、 下箱处于负压状态下移至炉前直接浇注, 浇注温度为 1800- - 2100°C, 经 10-120min保压凝固后, 解除上、 下箱内腔负压状态; 在原砂箱内 (也可以将真 空气室砂箱抽出, 重复使用, 仅在一般砂箱内)保温 7-12天后, 即可得到表面光 洁、 色泽符合要求的熔铸耐火材料制品; 由于所用砂子的耐火度符合熔铸耐火材 料制品的浇注要求, 以及喷涂一定厚度的锆英粉涂料既可保证制品表面不粘砂, 无气孔, 又可以使砂子不被烧结, 流出的砂子经冷却后可以重复再用。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺, 其特征在于: 它包括下述步骤: 第一步: 把模型(1 )放在带有抽气箱(2)的型板上, 沿纵向开设在模型(1 ) 上的通气孔 (3)与所述连接有真空泵的抽气箱 (2) 内腔相连通; 将软化的薄膜 (4)覆盖在模型(1 )表层, 启动真空泵, 真空吸力使薄膜(4)紧贴在模型(1 ) 表层上; 将锆英粉涂料均匀喷涂在覆膜后的模型外表面上;
第二步:在上述型板上环绕模型(1 )放置与模型(1 )尺寸相匹配的砂箱(5), 所述砂箱(5)的侧壁开设有与真空泵相连通的过滤抽气管(6); 将处理好的干砂 (7)填充进所述砂箱(5) 内, 微震后覆盖背膜(8)封闭砂箱(5), 启动真空泵 将砂箱 (5) 内抽为负压, 使铸型硬化;
第三步: 解除第一步中抽气箱 (2) 内的真空状态, 即消除对模型 (1 )表层 薄膜(4) 的吸附力, 然后顶箱起模, 完成铸型下箱;
第四步: 将与铸型下箱大小一致的上箱 (9 ) 预留出浇冒口 (10) 和排气孔 ( 11 ), 填充干砂 (7) 并刮平砂层表面, 薄膜密封后通过侧壁上开设的过滤抽气 管(12)将其内腔抽至负压;
第五步: 将上述上箱和下箱合起来, 形成有浇冒口 (10)和型腔的整体铸型, 在上、 下箱处于负压状态下移至炉前直接浇注, 经 10- 120min保压凝固后, 解除 上、 下箱内腔负压状态; 将工件保温 7-12天后, 即可得到熔铸耐火材料制品。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的熔铸耐火材料制品的真空铸造工艺, 其特征在于: 所述薄膜(4)通过加热器对其进行加热软化, 软化温度为 80--120°C。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺, 其特征在于: 所述第一步中对模型 (1 ) 的表层薄膜(4)所需的真空吸力为 0. 04 0. 095Mpa。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺, 其特征在于: 所述锆英粉涂料的厚度为 0. 3-1. 5rran。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺, 其特征在于: 选取干砂的粒度为 50- 100目; 干砂中二氧化硅的含量大于 99%。
PCT/CN2010/000941 2010-03-24 2010-06-24 熔铸耐火材料制品的负压造型工艺 WO2011116508A1 (zh)

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