WO2011111668A1 - 摺動部材 - Google Patents
摺動部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011111668A1 WO2011111668A1 PCT/JP2011/055274 JP2011055274W WO2011111668A1 WO 2011111668 A1 WO2011111668 A1 WO 2011111668A1 JP 2011055274 W JP2011055274 W JP 2011055274W WO 2011111668 A1 WO2011111668 A1 WO 2011111668A1
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- solid lubricant
- coating layer
- sliding member
- resin
- relative
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
- C10M103/06—Metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
- C10M171/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/201—Composition of the plastic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
- F16C33/205—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining with two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
- F16C33/208—Methods of manufacture, e.g. shaping, applying coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/003—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/0603—Metal compounds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/0403—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/02—Bearings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/023—Multi-layer lubricant coatings
- C10N2050/025—Multi-layer lubricant coatings in the form of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/14—Composite materials or sliding materials in which lubricants are integrally molded
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
- F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties
- F16C2202/54—Molybdenum disulfide
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- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/20—Alloys based on aluminium
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- F16C2204/20—Alloys based on aluminium
- F16C2204/22—Alloys based on aluminium with tin as the next major constituent
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- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/02—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
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- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
- F16C2208/40—Imides, e.g. polyimide [PI], polyetherimide [PEI]
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- F16C2240/60—Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
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- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding member. More specifically, the present invention specifies the film thickness from the viewpoint of increasing the orientation rate of the solid lubricant in the coating layer made of a resin-based coating, and further, the solid lubricant particles.
- the present invention relates to a sliding member whose diameter measuring method and average particle diameter are specified.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-83914 proposed by one of the present applicants.
- Appropriate diluent, diluted solid lubricant and polyimide resin are applied onto the lining by spraying and dried and fired at 150 to 300 ° C.
- spraying method tumbling method, dipping method, A method such as brushing is possible.
- the thickness of the coating layer is preferably 1 to 25 ⁇ m ”. No mention is made of the particle size of the solid lubricant.
- a typical solid lubricant has a crystal structure in which atoms bonded in a network form the (001) plane and these (001) planes are stacked in parallel, and low friction characteristics due to cleavage parallel to this crystal plane.
- Sliding members that make use of this characteristic are broadly divided into those in which a solid lubricant is directly coated on a base material, and those in which a solid lubricant is dispersed in a resin binder to form a coating layer, which is provided on the base material. Separated. Examples of the former include Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-139149, Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-270205, and the like.
- the orientation index of the (001) plane of the plate-like crystal particles of the solid lubricant is 90%.
- the high value of the above is obtained.
- the adhesion is low and the wear is large, and when the film is formed only with the solid lubricant, the solid lubricant The film formation yield is also reduced.
- the particle size of the solid lubricant is not described.
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-95725. Proposed.
- the relative C-axis intensity ratio is defined by the following equation, and further explained as follows. Relative C-axis intensity ratio is the integrated intensity of (002), (004), (100), (101), (102), (103), (105), (110), (008) planes by X-ray diffraction Is the percentage ratio of the integrated intensity of the (002), (004), and (008) planes.
- the (002), (004), and (008) surfaces correspond to cleavage planes.
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ can be similarly determined for the other (004), (100), (101), (102), (103), (105), (110), and (008) planes. Diffraction peaks from other than the above nine planes may be obtained, but since the peak intensity is extremely low, it can be ignored in the calculation of the relative C-axis intensity ratio. Even if "vertical" orientation is achieved, the orientation figure of merit never reaches 100% because there is always diffraction from six faces other than the cleavage. In order to approach the “vertical” orientation, it is necessary to adjust the conditions of the film forming method described later, but it is considered that the upper limit is currently over 90%.
- the situation where it is difficult to achieve a relative C-axis intensity ratio of 90% or more which is assumed in Patent Document 4, is as follows.
- the solid lubricant is derived from its crystal structure and has a property of being easily cleaved in the direction parallel to the surface of the particles. It has become a shape.
- spraying, brushing, roll, dipping (immersion) and the like are performed.
- the thickness of the coating layer is 2 to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 8 ⁇ m, and a method of reducing the viscosity of the paint is employed.
- the particle size of the solid lubricant is not specifically described.
- the main factors that hinder the improvement in orientation are paints with high viscosity, contact between solid lubricant particles, and rapid solvent evaporation. That is, it can be said that if these factors are adjusted from the viewpoint of high orientation, the actual resin coating cannot be formed.
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-339083 relates to a projection material containing about 95% by weight or more of molybdenum disulfide having an average particle size of about 1 ⁇ m to about 20 ⁇ m projected onto the surface of a piston or the like. Yes, imparts low friction.
- the description of the specification related to the particle size measurement method is cited. “The particle diameter of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) of the present invention is based on the volume of each molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) particle, assuming a sphere of the same volume, and converting the diameter of this sphere as the particle diameter.
- the number and volume of particles can be measured, and based on this, each particle can be calculated as a sphere, and in fact, the present inventors have made a measurement instrument (Coulter 0 counter / counter by the electric resistance method).
- the particle size is measured by measuring the number and volume of particles using a multitizer type III, manufactured by Beckman Coulter (aperture tube 100 ⁇ m) .
- the particle size is adjusted by the setting value of the classifier (classified particle size).
- the average particle diameter can be adjusted to a desired average particle diameter range by changing the average particle diameter of molybdenum disulfide particles contained in the molybdenum disulfide projection material used for a certain treatment. Intention We are. "
- Patent Document 6 European Patent Publication No. 1239914A1 (Patent Family Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-61652) discloses that the average particle size is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 0.2 to 10 ⁇ m, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, boron nitride, It is explained that an appropriate amount of an organic solvent (diluent) can be used when preparing a coating solution in which these components are dissolved and dispersed using tungsten sulfide. Furthermore, the following explanation is given. “Organic solvents are those that adjust the viscosity to facilitate mixing and can be used without particular limitation as long as the thermosetting resin used is soluble.
- the thermosetting resin may be a polyamide-imide resin.
- xylene, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, toluene, etc. can be used in an amount of 100 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of each of the above components.
- a resin coating layer can be formed by methods such as roll transfer, tumbling, dipping, brushing, and printing. The thickness of the keying layer is described it is preferable. "Said 1 ⁇ 50 [mu] m.
- the solid lubricant dimensional measurement method described in Patent Document 6 does not consider the shape.
- Patent Document 7 US Patent Publication US2004 / 0062860A1 (Patent Family Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-113734) forms a coating layer on the inner surface of a bearing by air spraying a base resin and a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide. It is described. However, the dimensions of the solid lubricant particles are not described.
- the present invention reduces the sliding resistance by aligning the crystal orientation of the solid lubricant and the sliding direction as parallel as possible and increasing the degree of orientation of the solid lubricant crystal, resulting in a coefficient of friction. Is intended to improve seizure resistance.
- the sliding member according to the present invention is a sliding member comprising a resin-based coating in which a solid lubricant is dispersed and having a sliding surface on a substrate. 3 ⁇ m or less, the average particle diameter of the solid lubricant particles measured by laser diffraction method is 2 ⁇ m or more, and the solid lubricant is dispersed in the entire coating layer at a relative C-axis intensity ratio of 90% or more. It is characterized by that.
- the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the base material is an aluminum-based bearing alloy, a copper-based bearing alloy, or a resin, and the thickness, composition, and the like are well-known, although details will be described later.
- the solid lubricant used in the present invention is preferably MoS 2 , WS 2 , graphite, h-BN, or the like.
- the crystal structure of the solid lubricant will be described in more detail.
- the solid lubricant used in the sliding member has a layered structure in which atoms bonded in a network form are stacked.
- the crystal structure of MoS 2 is shown in FIG.
- the relative C-axis intensity ratio in the present invention is the same as that described in Patent Document 4 cited in paragraph No. 0004.
- the relative C-axis intensity ratio in the present invention is 90% or more, and reaches 99% at the maximum.
- the relative C-axis strength ratio is theoretically not 100% for the same reason as described in Patent Document 4, but the solid lubricant oriented with 99% (001) plane orientation index is almost completely vertical. It is thought that it is oriented.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the crystal structure of MoS 2 . It is drawing which shows the crystal structure of graphite. It is drawing which shows the crystal structure of h-BN. It is a graph which shows the relationship between a coating layer average thickness and relative C-axis intensity ratio (%). It is a graph which shows the relationship between a solid lubricant average particle diameter and a relative C-axis intensity ratio (%). It is a schematic diagram and a graph which show the influence which a coating layer average thickness has on relative C axis intensity ratio (%). It is a graph which shows the relationship between relative C-axis intensity ratio (%) and seizure surface pressure.
- the MoS 2 shown in FIG. 1 has a structure in which both sides of a mesh Mo (B) are sandwiched by a mesh S (A). Accordingly, one unit (ABA) of MoS 2 is formed in a state where one Mo (B) is sandwiched between two meshes S (A).
- one of the directions connecting adjacent atoms in the network S (A) is defined as the a-axis, and another atom in the network S (A) constitutes one unit of the same MoS 2.
- the direction connecting the atoms in the shortest distance of two meshes S (A) is defined as the c-axis.
- the plane orientation of the c-axis is (001), which corresponds to the ABA structure, and (002), (004), (008), which is an integral multiple of 2, is detected by X-ray diffraction.
- the (001) plane orientation index is less than 45.8%.
- the standard sample h-BN No. 34-0421 has a (001) plane orientation index of slightly less than 74.3%. Both graphite and h-BN have higher (001) plane orientation index than MoS 2 in the standard sample, and it is thought that the effect of improving the sliding characteristics by increasing the (001) plane orientation index is small.
- the relative C-axis strength ratio on the sliding surface needs to be 90% or more. However, since the resin-based coating layer may be worn away until the base material that is the base is exposed, it is also necessary that the relative C-axis strength ratio in the entire thickness is 90% or more.
- the output of a normal X-ray diffractometer using CuK ⁇ - ray is about 40kV-100mA. At this level of output, X-rays reach the base Al alloy and Cu alloy. The orientation of the solid lubricant that affects the sliding properties can be measured.
- the average thickness of the coating layer in the sliding member of the present invention is required to be 3 ⁇ m or less.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the average thickness of the coating layer and the relative C-axis strength ratio, and it can be seen that the relative C-axis strength ratio is 90% or more when the average thickness of the coating layer is 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter of MoS 2 described below is 1 to 6 ⁇ m in FIG.
- the flat solid lubricant particles dispersed in the resin-based coating of the present invention are in the form of flakes resulting from the crystal structure. Therefore, it is physically possible that the average particle diameter of the solid lubricant particles is larger than the average thickness of the coating layer.
- there are laser diffraction methods and Fisher methods for measuring the average particle size and the present inventors investigated the relationship between these average particle size measurement methods and sliding characteristics, and the wavelength was fixed by laser diffraction method.
- average particle diameter is measured from the pattern of the scattered light intensity and the obtained average particle diameter (hereinafter simply referred to as “average particle diameter”) is used as a dimension value, A significant correlation as shown in FIG. 5 was obtained.
- FIG. 5 A significant correlation as shown in FIG. 5 was obtained.
- the average thickness of the coating layer is 1 to 6 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a comparative experiment in which solid lubricant particles 1 having the same average particle diameter are dispersed in coating layers having different average thicknesses, as shown in the four schematic diagrams on the lower side. 2 is a base material. From the four figures in the lower half of FIG. 6, it can be seen that the coating thickness itself is a factor in tilting the solid lubricant particles 1. Furthermore, experimental data are shown in a graph of ratio (horizontal axis) and relative C-axis intensity ratio (vertical axis).
- a resin-based coating first, 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 70% by weight of the thin plate-like solid lubricant is mixed with the remaining resin, and a diluent is added to the paint. To prepare. Next, when forming the coating film on the bearing alloy surface, by performing any of pad printing, screen printing, air spray, airless spray, electrostatic coating, tumbling, squeeze method, roll method, etc. Drying is performed after film formation.
- the surface roughness of the coating layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m Rz JIS or less.
- the bearing alloy used for the slide bearing is required to have a bearing characteristic in order to slide with the mating shaft when the coating layer becomes familiar and is exposed.
- the composition of the bearing alloy is not particularly limited, but for an aluminum alloy, Cr, Si, Mn, Sb, Sr, Fe, Ni, Mo, Ti, W, Zr, V, Cu, Mg, Zn are not more than 10% by mass.
- An alloy containing one or more of these and one or more of Sn, Pb, In, Tl, Bi or the like of 20% by mass or less can be preferably used.
- the former group of elements mainly imparts strength and wear resistance, and the latter group of elements mainly imparts conformability, and exhibits bearing characteristics depending on the type and amount of each additive element.
- the example of the bearing alloy has been described above, but the coating layer of the present invention may also be used to improve the wear resistance of the skirt portion of the piston made of a high Si-Al alloy such as AC8A, AC9B. it can.
- the composition of the copper alloy is not particularly limited, but one or more of 25 mass% or less of Pb and Bi, 10 mass% or less of Sn, and 2 mass% or less of P, Ag, In, Ni, Al , Etc. can be preferably used.
- Pb and Bi are soft metals and exhibit conformability
- Sn is a basic component of bronze, exhibits strength and wear resistance, and other components supplementarily improve characteristics.
- P is effective for deoxygenation, sintering promotion, strengthening, etc.
- Ag is a compound that is effective in improving sliding properties, formed by reaction with S, which is a lubricant or copper impurity, and In is corrosion resistant. It improves the wettability of lubricating oil, and Ni and Al have effects such as strengthening copper.
- the bearing alloy is generally about 0.3 mm thick.
- the backing metal that reinforces this is generally about 1.2 mm thick.
- polyimide resin As the resin binder, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, epoxy resin, and polyimide bendazole resin can be used. Subsequently, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
- Example 1 The sliding member used was prepared by the following method. Coating layer on aluminum bearing alloy (Al-11.5% Sn-1.8% Pb-1.0% Cu-3.0% Si-0.3% Cr, half-ring-shaped material with a thickness of 1.5mm) pressed against backing metal (SPCC) was applied by an air spray method and baked at 180 ° C. for 1 hour. As the solid lubricant, MoS 2 having a particle size shown in the following table was used, and a composition of polyamideimide resin containing 40% by weight MoS 2 and the balance containing an organic diluent (NMP) was used. In addition, coating was performed on an aluminum-based bearing alloy flat plate under the same conditions, and a test material for measuring the (001) plane orientation index was obtained. The average thickness of the coating layer after coating and drying is shown in the following table as “film thickness”. Further, seizure resistance was evaluated by the following method, and the results are shown in FIG.
- Seizure resistance test method tester Static load bearing evaluation tester
- Countershaft Forged shaft Sliding speed (rotating peripheral speed of the mating shaft): 20m / s
- Lubricating oil engine oil 0W-20
- Lubrication method Forced oil temperature: 60 ° C
- the sliding member according to the present invention since the sliding member according to the present invention has excellent sliding characteristics, it can be used for bearing inner surface coating, piston skirt portion coating, and the like.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前者としては、特許文献2:特開平2007-139149号公報、特許文献3:特開2007-270205号公報などがあり、固体潤滑剤の板状結晶粒子の(001)面の配向指数が90%以上という高い値が得られている。しかしながら、この種の摺動部材にあっては、固体潤滑剤のみを基材に接合しているために、密着性が低く摩耗が大きく、しかも、固体潤滑剤のみで成膜すると、固体潤滑剤の成膜歩留まりも低くなる。なお、特許文献1及び2の詳細な説明には固体潤滑剤の粒径は記載されていない。
相対C軸強度比とはX線回折による(002)、(004)、(100)、(101)、(102)、(103)、(105)、(110)、(008)面の積算強度に対する(002)、(004)、(008)面の積算強度の百分率比率である。
上記9個の面のうち(002)、(004)、(008)面は劈開面に相当する。その他の(004)、(100)、(101)、(102)、(103)、(105)、(110)、(008)面についても同様にして回折角度2θを求めることができる。上記した9個の面以外からの回折ピークが得られることがあるが、ピーク強度が極めて低いために、相対C軸強度比の計算においては、無視することができる。「垂直」配向が達成されたとしても、劈開以外の6個の面からの回折は必ず存在するために、配向性能指数が100%に達することはない。「垂直」配向に近づけるためには後述の成膜方法の条件調整が必要であるが、現在のところ90%強が上限であると考えられる。
先ず、固体潤滑剤の配向に関係する成膜状況に着目すると、固体潤滑剤は、その結晶構造に由来し、粒子の面に平行な方向に劈開しやすい性質があるので、原料粉砕過程で薄片状となっている。この薄片状固体潤滑剤と樹脂バインダーを混練する場合は、スプレー、はけ塗り、ロール、ディッピング(浸漬)などが行われる。コーティング層の厚さは2~10μm、好ましくは2~8μmであり、塗料の粘度を低くする方法が採用されている。固体潤滑剤の粒径については特に説明されていない。
このような方法において、配向性向上の阻害要因は、粘度が高い塗料、固体潤滑剤粒子どうしの接触、急速な溶剤の蒸発が主なものである。すなわち、これらの要因を高配向性の観点から調整すると、実際の樹脂系コーティングの成膜ができないという認識であるといえる。
「なお、本発明の二硫化モリブデン(MoS2)の粒子径は、各二硫化モリブデン(MoS2)粒子の容積から同容積の球を想定し、この球の径を粒子径として換算したものである。すなわち、粒子の個数と体積を計測し、これに基づいて各粒子を球形と仮定して計算することができ、実際に本発明者らは、電気抵抗法による測定機器(コールタ0カウンター・マルチタイザーIII型、ベックマン・コールター社製(アパチャーチューブ100μm)を用いて粒子の個数と体積を実測し粒径を測定している。粒子径の調整は、分級機の設定値(分級粒子径)を変更することにより所望の平均粒子径範囲に調整することができる。また、平均粒子径とは、ある処理に用いる二硫化モリブデン投射用材料に含まれる二硫化モリブデン粒子の粒子径の平均値を意味している。」
以下、本発明を詳しく説明する。
2 基材
また、JCPDSSカードによる標準試料 β-MoS2 No.37-1492では上記(001)面配向指数は45.8%弱となる。
図5は、固体潤滑剤の平均粒径と相対C軸強度比の関係を示すグラフであり、平均粒径が2μm以上であると相対C軸強度比が90%以上になることが分かる。よって、固体潤滑剤の平均粒径は2μm以上であることが必要である。なお、被覆層の平均厚さは1~6μmである。
軸受合金の組成は、特に限定されないが、アルミニウム合金については、10質量%以下のCr、Si、Mn、Sb、Sr、Fe、Ni、Mo、Ti、W、Zr、V、Cu、Mg、Znなどの1種以上と、20質量%以下のSn、Pb、In、Tl、Biなどの1種以上とを含有する合金を好ましく使用することができる。前者の群の元素は主として強度及び耐摩耗性を付与し、後者の群の元素は主としてなじみ性を付与し、それぞれの添加元素の種類と量により、軸受特性を発揮する。以上、軸受合金の例を説明したが、AC8A、AC9Bなどの高Si-Al合金からなるピストンのスカート部を下地としてその耐摩耗性を向上するために、本発明のコーティング層を使用することもできる。
軸受合金は一般に厚さが約0.3mmである。これを補強する裏金は一般に厚さが約1.2mmである。
続いて、実施例により本発明をさらに詳しく説明する。
供試した摺動部材は次のとおりの方法で調製した。
裏金鋼(SPCC)に圧接されたアルミニウム系軸受合金(Al-11.5%Sn-1.8%Pb-1.0%Cu-3.0%Si-0.3%Cr、厚さ1.5mmの半割り環状形状素材)にコーティング層をエアスプレー法により塗布し、180℃で1時間の焼成を行った。固体潤滑剤としては粒径を次表に示すMoS2を使用し、40重量%MoS2、残部は有機希釈剤(NMP)を含むポリアミドイミド樹脂の組成とした。また、同一条件でアルミニウム系軸受合金平板にも塗布を行い、(001)面配向指数測定用供試材とした。
塗布乾燥後のコーティング層の平均厚さを「膜厚」として次表に示す。また、耐焼付性を次の方法で評価し、結果を図7及び表1に示す。
試験機:静荷重軸受評価試験機
相手軸:鍛造軸
摺動速度(相手軸の回転周速):20m/s
潤滑油:エンジンオイル0W-20
潤滑方法:強制給油
油温:60℃
荷重負荷方法:4.3MPa/3分、の割合で段階的に増加
Claims (3)
- 固体潤滑剤を分散した樹脂系コーティングからなり、かつ摺動表面を有する被覆層を、基材上に、設けてなる摺動部材において、前記被覆層の平均厚さが3μm以下であり、前記固体潤滑剤粒子のレーザー回析法により測定した平均粒径が2μm以上であるとともに、前記固体潤滑剤が90%以上の相対C軸強度比で前記被覆層全体に分散していることを特徴とする摺動部材。
- 前記固体潤滑剤が、MoS2、WS2、グラファイト及びh-BNから選択された少なくとも1種である請求項1記載の摺動部材。
- 前記被覆層中の固体潤滑剤の比率が10~90重量%である請求項1又は2記載の摺動部材。
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AU2011225590A AU2011225590B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-07 | Sliding member |
US13/510,175 US9029302B2 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-07 | Sliding member |
EP11753326.5A EP2546535B1 (en) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-07 | Sliding member |
JP2012504455A JP5391327B2 (ja) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-03-07 | 摺動部材 |
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US20130260097A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Daido Metal Company Ltd. | Resin sliding member |
JP2017115034A (ja) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-06-29 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | バルブ機構用潤滑剤 |
JP2017115920A (ja) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | 摺動部材 |
WO2020129318A1 (ja) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-25 | 大豊工業株式会社 | 摺動部材 |
DE102023107642A1 (de) | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | Daido Metal Co., Ltd. | Gleitelement |
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EP2519784B1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2018-12-05 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Pampus GmbH | Renewable energy source including an energy conversion structure and a bearing component |
CN112048351A (zh) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-08 | 重庆常升里科技有限公司 | 抗辐射耐高温润滑材料及其制备方法与应用 |
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JPWO2011111668A1 (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
CN102918286B (zh) | 2016-04-06 |
JP5391327B2 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
EP2546535A4 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
AU2011225590B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
HUE028350T2 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
US9029302B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 |
US20120270761A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
EP2546535B1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
EP2546535A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
AU2011225590A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 |
CN102918286A (zh) | 2013-02-06 |
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