WO2011105549A1 - 高分子化合物の製造方法 - Google Patents
高分子化合物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011105549A1 WO2011105549A1 PCT/JP2011/054283 JP2011054283W WO2011105549A1 WO 2011105549 A1 WO2011105549 A1 WO 2011105549A1 JP 2011054283 W JP2011054283 W JP 2011054283W WO 2011105549 A1 WO2011105549 A1 WO 2011105549A1
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- 0 *C(*)(C(*)(*)C(*)=C(C1(*)*)*=C)C1(*)*=C Chemical compound *C(*)(C(*)(*)C(*)=C(C1(*)*)*=C)C1(*)*=C 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/02—Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/31—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating aromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/314—Condensed aromatic systems, e.g. perylene, anthracene or pyrene
- C08G2261/3142—Condensed aromatic systems, e.g. perylene, anthracene or pyrene fluorene-based, e.g. fluorene, indenofluorene, or spirobifluorene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/31—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating aromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/316—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating aromatic structural elements in the main chain bridged by heteroatoms, e.g. N, P, Si or B
- C08G2261/3162—Arylamines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/40—Polymerisation processes
- C08G2261/41—Organometallic coupling reactions
- C08G2261/411—Suzuki reactions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a polymer compound by condensation polymerization.
- Non-Patent Document 1 As a method for producing a polymer compound having an arylene group or a heteroarylene group as a repeating unit, various production methods have been studied. For example, a polymer obtained by polymerizing an aromatic compound having two functional groups containing a boron atom and an aromatic compound having two bromo groups by a Suzuki coupling reaction in the presence of a palladium complex, a base, and an organic solvent. A method for producing a compound has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 1).
- the above-described method for producing a polymer compound has a problem that the molecular weight of the polymer compound obtained by short-time polymerization is not sufficiently high.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polymer compound in which the molecular weight of the polymer compound obtained by short-time polymerization is high.
- the present invention firstly A first aromatic compound having at least two first functional groups containing a boron atom, and a second aromatic compound having at least two second functional groups capable of reacting with the first functional group,
- a method for producing a polymer compound having a repeating unit represented by formula (2) which comprises a step of polymerizing in the presence of an organic solvent, a palladium complex, a base, and a compound represented by formula (1).
- R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , and R f are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R a to R f Two of them are connected to form a non-aromatic ring, and the rest are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- Ar represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic compound.
- an aromatic compound having a first functional group containing a boron atom and a second functional group capable of reacting with the first functional group is converted into an organic solvent, a palladium complex, a base, and the formula (1).
- a method for producing a polymer compound having a repeating unit represented by the formula (2) which comprises a step of polymerizing in the presence of the compound represented by formula (2).
- R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , and R f are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R a to R f Two of them are connected to form a non-aromatic ring, and the rest are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- Ar represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic compound.
- the use of the production method of the present invention makes it possible to produce a high molecular weight polymer compound in a short time of polymerization, so that the present invention is extremely useful industrially.
- polymerization is carried out in the presence of the compound represented by the formula (1), it is considered that the palladium complex is stabilized by the double bond site or allyl site of the compound and such an effect is exhibited.
- the first aromatic compound having at least two first functional groups containing a boron atom and the second functional group capable of reacting with the first functional group are used.
- Having a repeating unit represented by the formula (2) for polymerizing a second aromatic compound having at least two functional groups in the presence of an organic solvent, a palladium complex, a base, and a compound represented by the formula (1) This is a method for producing a polymer compound.
- R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , and R f are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R a to R f Two of them are connected to form a non-aromatic ring, and the rest are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- Monovalent organic groups include halogen groups, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, alkoxy groups, alkylthio groups, aryl groups, aryloxy groups, arylthio groups, arylalkyl groups, arylalkoxy groups, arylalkylthio groups, arylalkenyl groups.
- Group, arylalkynyl group, monovalent heterocyclic group, heterocyclic thio group, amino group, silyl group, acyl group, acyloxy group, imine residue, amide group, acid imide group, carboxyl group, cyano group, nitro group Can be mentioned.
- the non-aromatic ring represents a ring that is not an aromatic ring.
- R b and R c are linked to form a non-aromatic ring.
- R b and R c are linked to each other and are not aromatic rings. Means to form.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) may be liquid or solid at room temperature.
- a liquid at room temperature it is preferable to mix with an organic solvent, water or the like used in the production method of the present invention.
- a solid at room temperature it is preferably dissolved in an organic solvent, water or the like used in the production method of the present invention.
- Examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) include a compound having a chain olefin structure and a compound having a cyclic olefin structure.
- the chain olefin structure may contain a double bond.
- the cyclic olefin structure may contain a double bond. Further, the cyclic olefin structure may further be condensed with a ring to form a condensed ring structure, or may have a crosslinked structure.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a chain olefin structure may have a linear structure or a branched structure. You may have a double bond in the terminal of a compound, or you may have in a chain.
- the double bond in the chain may be cis type or trans type.
- Specific examples of the compound include 1-propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1- Pentadecene, 2-butene, 2-pentene, 2-hexene, 2-heptene, 2-octene, 2-nonene, 2-decene, 2-undecene, 2-dodecene, 2-pentadecene, 3-hexene, 3-heptene, 3-octene, 3-nonene, 3-decene, 3-undecene, 3-dodecene, 3-pentadecene, 2-methyl-1-pentene, 2-methyl-2-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 3- Methyl-2-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene,
- a compound having a boiling point of 40 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure (1 atm) is preferable.
- 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-pentadecene is more preferred.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a chain olefin structure may have two or more double bonds.
- Specific examples of the compound having two or more double bonds include 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,3-heptadiene.
- a compound having a boiling point of 40 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure (1 atm) is preferable.
- 1,3-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,3-heptadiene, 1,4- Heptadiene, 1,5-heptadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,3-octadiene, 1,4-octadiene, 1,5-octadiene, 1,6-octadiene, and 1,7-octadiene are more preferable.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a chain olefin structure may contain a functional group other than an alkyl group.
- Specific examples of the compound containing the functional group include 2-propen-1-ol, 3-buten-1-ol, 4-penten-1-ol, 5-hexen-1-ol, and 6-heptene-1- All, 7-octen-1-ol, methyl 3-pentenoate, methyl 4-pentenoate, methyl 6-heptenoate.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) having a cyclic olefin structure include cyclopropene, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, cyclooctene, cyclononene, cyclodecene, cyclononene, cyclodecene, cyclododecene, and cyclopentaden.
- cyclohexene, cycloheptene, cyclooctene, cyclononene, cyclodecene, cyclododecene, and cyclopentadecene are more preferable.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a cyclic olefin structure may have two or more double bonds.
- Specific examples of the compound having two or more double bonds include 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, 1,3-cycloheptadiene, 1,3-cyclooctadiene, 1,5-cyclohexane. Examples include octadiene, 1,9-cyclohexadecadiene, 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, and ⁇ -Caryophyllylene.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) having a cyclic olefin structure may have two or more rings.
- the cyclic olefin structure may be further condensed with a ring to form a condensed ring structure, or may have a crosslinked structure.
- Examples of the cyclic olefin structure having a crosslinked structure include a norbornene structure and a norbornadiene structure.
- Compounds having a norbornene structure include norbornene, 5-norbornene-2-ol, 5-norbornene-2-methanol, 5-norbornene-2,2-dimethanol, 5-norbornene-2,3-dimethanol, 5- Norbornene-2-aldehyde, 5-norbornene-2-carbonitrile, 5-norbornene-2-carboxylic acid, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride, 5- Norbornene-2-yl acetate, 5-norbornene-2,3-diyl diacetate, 5-vinyl-2-norbornene, dicyclopentadiene, and compounds having a norbornadiene structure include 2,5-norbornadiene, 7-
- Examples of the compound having a condensed ring structure by further condensing a ring with a cyclic olefin structure include tetrahydroindene, 2-carene, and 3-carene.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) may have an optically asymmetric carbon.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) having an optically asymmetric carbon include (R)-(+)-limonene, (S)-( ⁇ )-limonene, (1R)-(+)- ⁇ - Examples include pinene, (1S)-( ⁇ )- ⁇ -pinene, ⁇ -caryophyllylene, ( ⁇ )- ⁇ -cedrene, and (+)- ⁇ -cedrene.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) may have an aryl group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) having an aryl group include allylbenzene, indene, 2-methylindene, 2-phenylpropene, 1-phenyl-1-propene, ⁇ -methylstilbene, 4-phenyl- 1-butene, 2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propene, 2-isopropenyltoluene, 4-isopropenyltoluene, 2-isopropenylnaphthalene, 2,4-diphenyl-4-methyl-1-pentene .
- the compound represented by the formula (1) may have an aryl group containing a functional group.
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) having an aryl group containing a functional group include 2-arylphenol, 2-methyl-3-phenyl-2-propen-1-ol, 4-arylanisole, arylbenzyl Examples include ether, 2-aryl-6-methylphenol, 4-propenylanisole, and arylpentafluorobenzene.
- R d is preferably a hydrogen atom from the viewpoint of producing a high molecular weight polymer compound by short-time polymerization.
- R a and R b are preferably hydrogen atoms from the viewpoint of generating a high molecular weight polymer compound by short-time polymerization.
- R a , R b and R d are more preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is preferably a hydrocarbon compound or a compound composed of a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom and an oxygen atom from the viewpoint of producing a polymer compound at low cost.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is more preferably a hydrocarbon compound.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is preferably an aliphatic compound from the viewpoint of producing a polymer compound at a low cost.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is such that R a , R b , R c , R d and R f are each a hydrogen atom, and R e is from 3 to 3 carbon atoms. Twelve alkyl groups are preferred. Specific examples include 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene and 1-pentadecene.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) is preferably a compound represented by the formula (15).
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (15) include substituted or unsubstituted 1-cyclohexene, substituted or unsubstituted norbornene, limonene and pinene.
- R g to R p are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) used in the production method of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 1000 mol with respect to 1 mol of the palladium complex used as the catalyst.
- the amount is more preferably 0.5 to 500 mol, and still more preferably 1 to 250 mol.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) used in the production method of the present invention is 0.5 to 1000 mol with respect to 1 mol of the phosphine compound in the palladium complex or the phosphine compound used as the ligand. preferable.
- the amount is more preferably 0.5 to 500 mol, and still more preferably 1 to 250 mol.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) used in the production method of the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 20 mol with respect to 1 mol in total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound. .
- the amount is more preferably 0.0005 to 20 mol, and further preferably 0.001 to 10 mol.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) is less than 0.0001 mol with respect to 1 mol in total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound, the effect of increasing the molecular weight of the polymer compound is obtained. It is not obtained, and even if it is used in excess of 20 mol, no improvement in the effect is observed.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) used is 0.01 to 1 mol, preferably 0. 1 mol with respect to 1 mol in total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound.
- the amount is from 03 to 0.5 mol, more preferably from 0.05 to 0.3 mol.
- the compound represented by the formula (1) When the compound represented by the formula (1) is liquid at room temperature, the compound may be used as a reaction solvent. When the compound represented by the formula (1) is used as a reaction solvent, it can be used by mixing with an organic solvent.
- the boiling point of the compound represented by the formula (1) which is liquid at normal temperature is preferably 40 ° C. or higher at atmospheric pressure (1 atm), and may be higher or lower than the reaction temperature.
- the difference between the boiling point and the reaction temperature is preferably within 80 ° C, and more preferably within 60 ° C.
- the difference between the boiling point and the reaction temperature is preferably within 200 ° C, and more preferably within 150 ° C.
- the first functional group containing a boron atom contained in the first aromatic compound is a group having a boronic acid structure represented by —B (OH) 2 , —B (OR 26 ) (OR 27 ), formula (B A group having a boronic ester structure represented by a group represented by -1), a group having a borane structure represented by -BR 29 R 30 or the like, a diazaborane structure represented by a group represented by formula (B-2), etc.
- R 26 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- R 27 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- R 28 is a divalent hydrocarbon group that forms an ester ring structure that is a 5-membered or 6-membered ring with the boron atom and two oxygen atoms in the formula (A).
- the divalent hydrocarbon group may have a substituent.
- R 28 is preferably an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, an ortho- or meta-phenylene group.
- the alkylene group and phenylene group may have a substituent.
- R 29 and R 30 are the same or different and each is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group may have a substituent.
- R 31 is a divalent hydrocarbon group, and the divalent hydrocarbon group may have a substituent.
- Examples of the group having a boronic acid ester structure include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol, i-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol, n-pentyl alcohol, and neopentyl.
- Alcohol cyclopentyl alcohol, n-hexyl alcohol, cyclohexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, pinacol, propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,4-dimethyl
- Examples include groups formed by esterification of alcohols such as -2,4-pentanediol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene with boronic acid, preferably methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, Coal, propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, And groups generated by esterification with the corresponding boronic acid.
- Examples of the group having a boronic acid ester structure include groups represented by the following formula.
- Examples of the group represented by the formula (B-2) include a group formed by a dehydration reaction between a diamine compound and a boronic acid, and examples thereof include a group having a diazaborol structure or a group having a diazaboryl structure.
- Examples of the group having a diazaborol structure or the group having a diazaboryl structure include groups represented by the following formulae.
- the second functional group of the second aromatic compound is a halogen group such as Cl, Br or I, triflate (CF 3 SO 3 —), mesylate (CH 3 SO 3 —), tosylate (CH 3 C). And groups having a sulfonate structure such as 6 H 4 SO 3 —).
- the “first functional group containing a boron atom” and the “second functional group” are preferably a combination of functional groups when a CC bond is formed by a Suzuki coupling reaction.
- the first aromatic compound used in the production method of the present invention is preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas (3) to (6). Further, the second aromatic compound is preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas (7) to (10).
- W 1 represents a first functional group containing a boron atom
- W 2 represents a second functional group
- A represents an arylene group
- B represents an aromatic divalent heterocyclic residue
- C represents a divalent aromatic amine residue
- D represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a compound in which two aromatic rings are linked via a hydrocarbon group or a hetero atom.
- the first aromatic compound or the second aromatic compound may be used in combination of a plurality of types of compounds.
- a compound represented by the formula (9) and a compound represented by the formula (10) may be mixed and used.
- An arylene group is an atomic group remaining after removing two hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms constituting an aromatic ring from an aromatic hydrocarbon, and means an unsubstituted arylene group or a substituted arylene group.
- the arylene group includes those having a benzene ring, those having a condensed ring, and groups in which two or more independent benzene rings or condensed rings are bonded via a single bond or a divalent organic group.
- the substituent in the substituted arylene group is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoints of solubility of the polymer compound, ease of synthesis of the polymer compound, and the like, the substituent is a halogen group, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, Alkynyl group, alkoxy group, alkylthio group, aryl group, aryloxy group, arylthio group, arylalkyl group, arylalkoxy group, arylalkylthio group, arylalkenyl group, arylalkynyl group, monovalent heterocyclic group, heterocyclic thio group Amino group, silyl group, acyl group, acyloxy group, imine residue, amide group, acid imide group, carboxyl group, cyano group, and nitro group are preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms in the arylene group excluding the substituent is usually 6 to 60, preferably 6 to 40, more preferably about 6 to 20.
- the total number of carbon atoms of the arylene group including the substituent is usually about 6 to 100, preferably about 6 to 80, and more preferably about 6 to 70.
- arylene group examples include a phenylene group (for example, the following formula Ph-1 to Ph-3), a naphthalene-diyl group (for example, the following formula Naph-1 to Naph-10), and an anthracene-diyl group (for example, the following formula Anth-1 to Anth-12), biphenyl-diyl groups (for example, the following formulas BP-1 to BP-6), terphenyl-diyl groups (for example, the following formulas TP-1 to TP-7), fluorene-diyl groups (For example, the following formulas Flu-1 to Flu-10), benzofluorene-diyl groups (for example, the following formulas BFlu-1 to BFlu-34), and other divalent condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon groups ( Examples thereof include the following formulas HC-1 to HC-19).
- R is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkoxy group, an arylalkylthio group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl.
- the divalent heterocyclic residue having aromaticity refers to the remaining atomic group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic heterocyclic compound, and the group may have a substituent.
- the heterocyclic compound having aromaticity is an organic compound having a cyclic structure, and the elements constituting the ring are not only carbon atoms, but also heterocycles such as oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, and arsenic. A compound that also contains atoms.
- substituents examples include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkoxy group, an arylalkylthio group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, an amino group, and a substituted amino group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the portion excluding substituents in the divalent heterocyclic residue having aromaticity is usually about 3 to 60.
- the total number of carbon atoms including a substituent of a divalent heterocyclic residue having aromaticity is usually about 3 to 100.
- divalent heterocyclic residue having aromaticity examples include the following.
- a divalent heterocyclic residue containing nitrogen as a heteroatom pyridine-diyl group (formulas Py-1 to Py-6 below), diazaphenylene group (formulas Py-7 to Py-12 below), quinoline A diyl group (formulas Quin-1 to Quin-20 in the figure below), a quinoxaline-diyl group (formulas Quin-51 to Quin-58 in the figure below), an acridine-diyl group (formulas Acri-1 to Acri-17 in the figure below), Phenanthroline-diyl group (formula Phen-1 to Phen-4 in the figure below), bipyridine-diyl group (formula BPY-1 to BPY-21 in the figure below), and fluorene structure containing silicon, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, etc.
- heterocyclic residue (formula HeFlu-1 to HeFlu-15 shown below), a 5-membered heterocyclic residue containing silicon, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium and the like as a hetero atom (formula He shown below) ero-1 to Hetero-5), 5-membered ring condensed hetero residues containing silicon, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, etc.
- heteroatoms formula Hetero-6 to Hetero-27 in the figure below
- silicon nitrogen, sulfur as heteroatoms
- a 5-membered heterocyclic residue containing selenium and the like, which is bonded at the ⁇ -position of the heteroatom to form a dimer or oligomer (formula Hetero-28 to Hetero-31 in the figure below)
- silicon as a heteroatom
- a 5-membered heterocyclic residue containing nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, etc., which is bonded to the phenyl group at the ⁇ -position of the heteroatom formula Hetero-32 to Hetero-38 in the figure below
- oxygen nitrogen as the heteroatom
- groups in which a phenyl group, a furyl group, or a thienyl group is substituted on a 5-membered condensed heterocyclic residue containing sulfur (formulas Hetero-39 to Hetero-48 in the following figure).
- the divalent aromatic amine residue means the remaining atomic group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atoms constituting the aromatic ring from the aromatic amine, and is an unsubstituted divalent aromatic amine residue. And a substituted divalent aromatic amine residue.
- the substituent in the substituted divalent aromatic amine residue is not particularly limited. Specific examples of the substituent include a halogen group, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, and an arylthio group.
- the number of carbon atoms of the divalent aromatic amine residue is usually about 5 to 100, preferably about 15 to 80, more preferably about 15 to 60, not including the number of carbon atoms of the substituent.
- divalent aromatic amine residue examples include groups represented by the following formulas Am-1 to Am-12.
- a divalent group in which two hydrogen atoms are removed from a compound in which two aromatic rings are linked via a hydrocarbon group or a heteroatom is a hydrogen atom in which one hydrogen atom is removed from each of two aromatic rings. It means the remaining divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a compound in which carbon atoms other than are connected via a linking group which is a hydrocarbon group or a hetero atom.
- the formation process described here of this divalent group is described for convenience in order to express the structure of the group, and the divalent group includes the group formed by this process. It is not limited.
- the structure of the linking group may be a structure of a hydrocarbon group or a heteroatom alone, or may be a structure of a plurality of heteroatoms, or a combination of one or more hydrocarbon groups and one or more heteroatoms.
- excluding one hydrogen atom from an aromatic ring means removing one hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom constituting an aromatic ring from an aromatic hydrocarbon.
- the ring becomes an aryl group.
- Such an aryl group may be an unsubstituted aryl group or an aryl group in which a hydrogen atom in the group is substituted with a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an alkyl group, a carbonyl group, a carboxyl group, or the like.
- the number of substituents may be one or more, and the plurality of substituents may be the same or different.
- the aryl group also includes an aryl group having a benzene ring, an aryl group having a condensed ring, and an aryl group in which two or more independent benzene rings or condensed rings are bonded through a single bond or a divalent organic group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group is usually about 6 to 60, preferably about 6 to 48, and more preferably about 6 to 30.
- aryl group examples include a phenyl group, a C 1 -C 12 alkoxyphenyl group (C 1 -C 12 represents 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the same applies hereinafter), bis (C 1 -C 12 C 12 alkoxy) phenyl group, C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl group, bis (C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl) phenyl group, 1-naphthyl group, 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthracenyl group, 2-anthracenyl group, 9 -Anthracenyl group, tetrafluorophenyl group, etc.
- phenyl group C 1 -C 12 alkoxyphenyl group, bis (C 1 -C 12 alkoxy) phenyl group, C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl group, bis ( C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl) phenyl groups are preferred.
- Examples of the structure linked via a hydrocarbon group or a hetero atom include the structures shown below and a structure in which two or more of the structures shown below are combined.
- R is a group selected from the same substituents as described above, and Ar represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 60 carbon atoms.
- other compounds may be polymerized.
- the other compound include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas (16) to (18).
- W 1 represents a first functional group containing a boron atom
- W 2 represents a second functional group
- E represents a divalent group having a metal complex structure
- the divalent group having a metal complex structure means the remaining divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an organic ligand of a metal complex having an organic ligand.
- the carbon number of the organic ligand is usually about 4 to 60.
- organic ligands include 8-quinolinol and its derivatives, benzoquinolinol and its derivatives, 2-phenyl-pyridine and its derivatives, 1-phenyl-isoquinoline and its derivatives, 2-phenyl-benzothiazole and its derivatives 2-phenyl-benzoxazole and its derivatives, porphyrin and its derivatives.
- examples of the central metal of the complex include aluminum, zinc, beryllium, iridium, platinum, gold, europium, terbium, and ruthenium.
- Examples of the metal complex having an organic ligand include low-molecular fluorescent materials and low-molecular phosphorescent materials known metal complexes and triplet light-emitting complexes.
- divalent group having a metal complex structure examples include groups represented by the following formulas (Metal-1 to Metal-8).
- the method for producing a polymer compound of the present invention is preferable when bulky aromatic compounds are used as the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound.
- “bulky” means that the aromatic compound itself is a large molecule, or is large in at least one of the space near the first functional group containing the boron atom and the space near the second functional group. It means that a substituent is present.
- the organic solvent used in the method for producing a polymer compound of the present invention includes an organic solvent that can dissolve the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound, and an organic solvent that can dissolve the polymer compound produced by the polymerization reaction. Is mentioned. You may add the water for melt
- organic solvent used for the polymerization reaction examples include a nonpolar aromatic solvent, a polar oxygen-containing solvent, a polar nitrogen-containing solvent, and a polar sulfur-containing solvent.
- organic solvent examples include benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, Examples include dimethyl sulfoxide. Tetrahydrofuran and toluene are preferable.
- a mixture of organic solvents may be used.
- Preferred combinations of organic solvents are toluene and dimethyl sulfoxide, toluene and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone toluene and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. .
- the amount of the organic solvent used in the polymerization reaction is preferably 1 to 1000 times the total weight of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound.
- Organic solvents for dissolving the polymer compound produced by the polymerization reaction include chloroform, methylene chloride, dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, tetralin, decalin, anisole, and n-butyl. Examples thereof include benzene and n-hexylbenzene, and these organic solvents may be mixed and used. Although depending on the structure and molecular weight of the polymer compound, it is usually possible to dissolve the polymer compound in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more in these organic solvents.
- the palladium complex used in the method for producing a polymer compound of the present invention is generally used as a catalyst.
- a palladium complex containing phosphine may be used.
- a compound that acts as a ligand is added. Examples of the compound acting as a ligand include phosphine compounds.
- Examples of the palladium complex used in the present invention include a palladium (0) complex and a palladium (II) salt.
- Examples of the palladium complex include tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0), tetrakis (methyldiphenylphosphine) palladium (0) tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0), tris (dibenzylideneacetone) dipalladium (0) chloroform.
- the amount of the palladium complex used as the catalyst is preferably 0.0001 to 0.1 mol, more preferably 0.0005, relative to 1 mol in total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound.
- the amount is ⁇ 0.05 mol, and more preferably 0.001 to 0.03 mol. If the amount of the palladium complex used is less than 0.0001 mol relative to the total of 1 mol of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound, the effect of increasing the molecular weight of the polymer compound cannot be obtained. Even if it is used in excess of 1 mol, no improvement in the effect is observed.
- the palladium complex is used in an amount of 0.0003 to 0.01 mol, preferably 0.0005 to 0.00 mol, based on 1 mol of the total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound. 005 mol, more preferably 0.0008 to 0.003 mol.
- the palladium complex does not contain phosphine, it is preferable to add the following compound that acts as a ligand.
- Examples of the compound acting as a ligand include a phosphine compound having an alkyl group, a phosphine compound having an aryl group, or a phosphine compound having both an alkyl group and an aryl group.
- Compounds acting as ligands are triphenylphosphine, tri-o-tolylphosphine, tri-m-tolylphosphine, tri-p-tolylphosphine, tris (pentafluorophenyl) phosphine, tris (p-fluorophenyl) phosphine , Tris (o-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tris (m-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tris (p-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, tris (2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl) phosphine, tri (m-chlorophenyl) phosphine, Tri (p-chlorophenyl) phosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, tri-tert-butylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine, tri-2-furylphosphine, 2- (dicy
- the amount of the compound acting as a ligand is not particularly limited, but is 0.0001 to 0.5 mol with respect to a total of 1 mol of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound. Preferably there is.
- the amount of the compound acting as a ligand is less than 0.0001 mol with respect to a total of 1 mol of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound, an effect of increasing the molecular weight of the polymer compound is obtained. Even if it is used in excess of 0.5 mol, no improvement in the effect is observed.
- the amount of the compound acting as a ligand is 0.0003 to 0.02 mol, preferably 0, based on 1 mol of the total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound. .0005 to 0.01 mol, more preferably 0.001 to 0.008 mol.
- Examples of the base used in the method for producing the polymer compound of the present invention include inorganic bases, organic bases, and inorganic salts.
- the base is used as dissolved in an organic solvent or water as necessary.
- the base examples include inorganic bases such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate and cesium carbonate; organic bases such as tetraethylammonium hydroxide, bis (tetraethylammonium) carbonate and triethylamine; and inorganic salts such as cesium fluoride.
- the base is used as dissolved in an organic solvent or water as necessary.
- potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and bis (tetraethylammonium) carbonate can be used in the form of an aqueous solution.
- the amount of the base used in the polymerization reaction is preferably 0.1 to 50 mol, more preferably 1 to 20 mol with respect to 1 mol in total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound. .
- polymerization may be performed in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.
- a phase transfer catalyst it is preferable to use a phase transfer catalyst under the condition that an inorganic base is used as an aqueous solution and the reaction system is an organic solvent layer and an aqueous solution layer.
- phase transfer catalyst examples include tetraalkylammonium halides.
- the type and amount of the tetraalkylammonium halide are appropriately selected according to the first aromatic compound, the second aromatic compound, the type of solvent, and the amount of solvent used.
- the amount used is preferably 0.1 to 20 mol relative to 1 mol in total of the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound.
- the tetraalkylammonium halide may be a single one or a mixture of different types of tetraalkylammonium halides.
- the alkyl group includes a methyl group, ethyl group, isopropyl group, n-propyl group, tert-butyl group, n-butyl group, n-pentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group or An n-octyl group may be mentioned.
- the halogen that the tetraalkylammonium halide has include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.
- tetraalkylammonium halides include tetramethylammonium fluoride, tetraethylammonium fluoride, tetra-n-butylammonium fluoride, tetra-tert-butylammonium fluoride, tetramethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetrachloride -N-butylammonium chloride, tetra-tert-butylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium bromide, tetra-n-butylammonium bromide, tetra-tert-butylammonium bromide, tetramethylammonium iodide, iodine Tetraethylammonium iodide, tetra-n-butylammonium iodide
- the polymer compound having a repeating unit represented by the formula (2) is produced from the first aromatic compound and the second aromatic compound by the polymer compound production method of the present invention.
- Ar represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic compound. That is, Ar is a residue of the first aromatic compound or a residue of the second aromatic compound.
- an aromatic compound having a first functional group containing a boron atom and a second functional group capable of reacting with the first functional group, an organic solvent It is a manufacturing method of the high molecular compound which has a repeating unit shown by Formula (2) polymerized in presence of a palladium complex, a base, and the compound shown by Formula (1).
- R a , R b , R c , R d , R e , and R f are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, or R a to R f Two of them are connected to form a non-aromatic ring, and the rest are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- Ar represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic compound.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) used in the production method of the present invention is preferably 0.0001 to 20 mol with respect to 1 mol of the aromatic compound.
- the amount is more preferably 0.0005 to 20 mol, and further preferably 0.001 to 10 mol.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) is less than 0.0001 mol with respect to 1 mol of the aromatic compound, the effect of increasing the molecular weight of the polymer compound cannot be obtained, and the compound used in excess of 20 mol. However, the improvement of the effect is not recognized.
- the amount of the compound represented by the formula (1) is 0.01 to 1 mol, preferably 0.03 to 0.5 mol, more preferably 0, relative to 1 mol of the aromatic compound. .05 to 0.3 mol.
- Examples of the aromatic compound used in the production method of the present invention include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas (11) to (14).
- W 1 represents a first functional group containing a boron atom
- W 2 represents a second functional group
- A represents an arylene group
- B represents an aromatic divalent heterocyclic residue
- C represents a divalent aromatic amine residue
- D represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a compound in which two aromatic rings are linked via a hydrocarbon group or a hetero atom.
- a specific example is the 1st functional group containing the above-mentioned boron atom, a 2nd functional group, an arylene group, aromatic A divalent heterocyclic residue having a family property, a divalent aromatic amine residue, a divalent compound obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from a compound in which two aromatic rings are linked via a hydrocarbon group or a heteroatom.
- the definition of the group and the specific example are the same.
- the method for producing a polymer compound of the present invention is preferable when a bulky aromatic compound is used as the aromatic compound.
- “bulky” means that the aromatic compound itself is a large molecule, or is large in at least one of the space near the first functional group containing the boron atom and the space near the second functional group. It means that a substituent is present.
- organic solvent used in the second aspect of the method for producing the polymer compound of the present invention include the same organic solvents as those used in the first aspect.
- the amount of the organic solvent used is preferably 1 to 1000 times by weight with respect to the aromatic compound.
- palladium complex used in the second aspect of the method for producing the polymer compound of the present invention include the same complexes as the palladium complex used in the first aspect.
- the amount of the palladium complex used as the catalyst is preferably 0.00001 to 0.1 mol, more preferably 0.00005 to 0.05 mol, and still more preferably relative to 1 mol of the aromatic compound. 0.0001 to 0.03 mol. If the amount of the palladium complex used is less than 0.00001 mol with respect to 1 mol of the aromatic compound, the effect of increasing the molecular weight of the polymer compound cannot be obtained. There is no improvement.
- the palladium complex does not contain phosphine, it is preferable to add a compound that acts as a ligand.
- the amount of the compound that acts as a ligand is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.0001 to 0.5 mol with respect to 1 mol of the aromatic compound. If the amount of the compound acting as a ligand is less than 0.0001 mol with respect to 1 mol of the aromatic compound, the effect of increasing the molecular weight of the polymer compound cannot be obtained, and the amount exceeding 0.5 mol is used. However, the improvement of the effect is not recognized.
- the amount of the compound that acts as a ligand is 0.0003 to 0.02 mol, preferably 0.0005 to 0.01 mol, more preferably, relative to 1 mol of the aromatic compound. 0.001 to 0.008 mol.
- Specific examples of the base used in the second aspect of the polymer compound production method of the present invention include the same bases as those used in the first aspect.
- the amount of the base used is preferably 0.1 to 50 mol, more preferably 1 to 20 mol, per 1 mol of the aromatic compound.
- the polymerization may be performed in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.
- a phase transfer catalyst include the same base as the phase transfer catalyst used in the first embodiment.
- the amount used is preferably 0.1 to 20 mol per 1 mol of the aromatic compound.
- the polymer compound having a repeating unit represented by the formula (2) is produced from the aromatic compound by the polymer compound production method of the present invention.
- Ar represents a divalent group obtained by removing two hydrogen atoms from an aromatic compound. That is, Ar is a residue of the aromatic compound.
- the total number of moles of the first functional group containing a boron atom (J) and the total number of moles of the second functional group (K) And a production method in which the ratio K / J is substantially 1 (usually in the range of 0.6 to 1.4, preferably in the range of 0.9 to 1.1).
- the organic solvent used in the method for producing a polymer compound of the present invention varies depending on the organic solvent used, it is generally preferable to perform sufficient deoxygenation treatment before polymerization in order to suppress side reactions.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably allowed to proceed under an inert atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen.
- the base is an aqueous solution, it is preferable to deoxidize the aqueous solution.
- a solution obtained by dissolving an aromatic compound in an organic solvent is stirred with an inert atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen with a base or catalyst.
- an inert atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen
- a method of adding a solution of a certain palladium complex or ligand is exemplified.
- Another example is a method of adding a solution in which an aromatic compound is dissolved in an organic solvent while stirring a solution of a base or a palladium complex or ligand as a catalyst under an inert atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen.
- Polymerization in the production method of the present invention can be performed at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the organic solvent and not higher than the boiling point.
- the reaction temperature is usually room temperature (25 ° C.) to 250 ° C., preferably 50 to 200 ° C., more preferably 80 to 150 ° C.
- the reaction time in the method of the present invention is preferably 96 hours or less, more preferably 24 hours or less. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the reaction time in the method of the present invention is 12 hours or less, more preferably 0.3 to 8 hours, even more preferably 0.5 to 4 hours.
- the polystyrene-equivalent number average molecular weight and the polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight can be measured using size exclusion chromatography (SEC).
- the method of the present invention is a method excellent in polymerization efficiency defined by the ratio between the time required for polymerization and the molecular weight of the polymer compound obtained by the polymerization, and the molecular weight itself of the polymer compound produced by the method is particularly limited.
- the method can also be applied to, for example, production of a polymer compound having a molecular weight that is not so large.
- this method produces a polymer compound having a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight exceeding 1.5 ⁇ 10 5 , particularly a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight of 2.0 ⁇ 10 5 to 3.0 ⁇ 10 6 . It is particularly beneficial when suitably applied to the production of polymer compounds.
- the polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight and polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of the polymer compound were determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation: LC-10 Avp). The following analysis conditions were used as the SEC analysis conditions.
- Example 1 and Example 2 the following polymerization reaction was performed.
- Examples 1 and 2 are polymerization reactions in the presence of the compound represented by the formula (1).
- Example 1 Polymerization in the presence of 1-hexene
- 9,515-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diboric acid bis (pinacol) ester 0.6515 g (1.0 mmol)
- 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctylfluorene 0.4449 g (0.8 mmol)
- N, N-bis (4-bromophenyl) -4-sec-butylaniline 0.0931 g (0.2 mmol) and toluene 20 mL were added to prepare a monomer solution.
- the monomer solution was heated at 100 ° C., 0.5 mg of palladium acetate, 2.9 mg of tris (2-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, and 13.7 mg of 1-hexene which is a compound represented by the formula (1) 3.4 mL of a 20 wt% aqueous tetraethylammonium hydroxide solution was added.
- the polymer compound obtained by stirring at 100 ° C. and polymerizing for 1 hour had a polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight of 1.1 ⁇ 10 5 and a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 3.2 ⁇ 10 5 .
- Example 2 Polymerization in the presence of (R)-(+)-limonene
- 9,515-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diboric acid bis (pinacol) ester 0.6515 g (1.0 mmol)
- 2,7-dibromo-9,9-dioctylfluorene 0.4449 g (0.8 mmol)
- N, N-bis (4-bromophenyl) -4-sec-butylaniline 0.0931 g (0.2 mmol) and toluene 20 mL were added to prepare a monomer solution.
- the monomer solution is heated at 100 ° C., and 0.5 mg of palladium acetate, 2.9 mg of tris (2-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, (R)-(+) which is a compound represented by the formula (1) -Limonene 44.2mg, 20wt% tetraethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution 3.4mL was added.
- the polymer compound obtained by stirring at 100 ° C. and polymerizing for 1 hour had a polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight of 8.5 ⁇ 10 4 and a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 2.4 ⁇ 10 5 .
- the monomer solution was heated at 100 ° C., and 0.5 mg of palladium acetate, 2.9 mg of tris (2-methoxyphenyl) phosphine, and 3.4 mL of a 20 wt% tetraethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution were added.
- the polymer compound obtained by stirring at 100 ° C. and polymerizing for 1 hour had a polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight of 6.0 ⁇ 10 4 and a polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight of 1.5 ⁇ 10 5 .
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Abstract
Description
ホウ素原子を含む第1の官能基を少なくとも2つ有する第1の芳香族化合物と、第1の官能基と反応しうる第2の官能基を少なくとも2つ有する第2の芳香族化合物とを、有機溶媒、パラジウム錯体、塩基、及び式(1)で示される化合物の存在下で重合させる工程を包含する、式(2)で示される繰り返し単位を有する高分子化合物の製造方法を提供する。
置換のアリーレン基における置換基は、特には限定されないが、高分子化合物の溶解性、高分子化合物の合成の行いやすさ等の観点からは、置換基が、ハロゲン基、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルチオ基、アリール基、アリールオキシ基、アリールチオ基、アリールアルキル基、アリールアルコキシ基、アリールアルキルチオ基、アリールアルケニル基、アリールアルキニル基、1価の複素環基、複素環チオ基、アミノ基、シリル基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、イミン残基、アミド基、酸イミド基、カルボキシル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基であることが好ましい。
ここに芳香族性を有する複素環化合物とは、環式構造をもつ有機化合物であって、環を構成する元素が炭素原子だけでなく、酸素、硫黄、窒素、リン、ホウ素、ヒ素などのヘテロ原子も含む化合物をいう。
ヘテロ原子として、窒素を含む2価の複素環残基;ピリジン-ジイル基(下図の式Py-1~Py-6)、ジアザフェニレン基(下図の式Py-7~Py-12)、キノリン-ジイル基(下図の式Quin-1~Quin-20)、キノキサリン-ジイル基(下図の式Quin-51~Quin-58)、アクリジン-ジイル基(下図の式Acri-1~Acri-17)、フェナントロリン-ジイル基(下図の式Phen-1~Phen-4)、ビピリジン-ジイル基(下図の式BPY-1~BPY-21)、ヘテロ原子として珪素、窒素、硫黄、セレンなどを含みフルオレン構造を有する複素残基(下図の式HeFlu-1~HeFlu-15)、ヘテロ原子として珪素、窒素、硫黄、セレンなどを含む5員環複素環残基(下図の式Hetero-1~Hetero-5)、ヘテロ原子として珪素、窒素、硫黄、セレンなどを含む5員環縮合複素残基(下図の式Hetero-6~Hetero-27)、ヘテロ原子として珪素、窒素、硫黄、セレンなどを含む5員環複素環残基でそのヘテロ原子のα位で結合し2量体やオリゴマーになっている基(下図の式Hetero-28~Hetero-31)、ヘテロ原子として珪素、窒素、硫黄、セレンなどを含む5員環複素環残基でそのヘテロ原子のα位でフェニル基に結合している基(下図の式Hetero-32~Hetero-38)、ヘテロ原子として酸素、窒素、硫黄などを含む5員環縮合複素環残基にフェニル基やフリル基、チエニル基が置換した基(下図の式Hetero-39~Hetero-48)が挙げられる。
有機溶媒を混合して用いてよく、好ましい有機溶媒の混合の組み合わせは、トルエンとジメチルスルホキシド、トルエンとN-メチル-2-ピロリジノントルエンとエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフランとN-メチル-2-ピロリジノンである。
塩基は、必要に応じて有機溶媒又は水に溶解して用いられる。例えば、炭酸カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、テトラエチルアンモニウム水酸化物、ビス(テトラエチルアンモニウム)炭酸塩は水溶液の形態で用いることもできる。
重合反応における塩基の使用量は、第1の芳香族化合物と第2の芳香族化合物の合計1モルに対して0.1~50モルであることが好ましく、より好ましくは1~20モルである。
中でも、無機塩基を水溶液として用い、反応系が有機溶媒層と水溶液層の2層となる条件においては、相間移動触媒を用いることが好ましい。
有機溶媒の使用量は、前記芳香族化合物に対して1~1000重量倍が好ましい。
塩基の使用量は、前記芳香族化合物1モルに対して0.1~50モルであることが好ましく、より好ましくは1~20モルである。
測定する高分子化合物は、約0.05重量%の濃度になるようにテトラヒドロフランに溶解させ、SECに30μL注入した。SECの移動相としてテトラヒドロフランを、1.0mL/minの流速で流した。カラムとして、Rapide M(ポリマーラボラトリーズ製)1本を用いた。検出器にはフォトダイオードアレイ紫外可視検出器(島津製作所製:SRD-M10Avp)を用いた。検出波長は、258nmに設定した。
(1-へキセン存在下での重合)
冷却装置が取り付けられたガラス反応容器に、9,9-ジオクチルフルオレン-2,7-ジホウ酸ビス(ピナコール)エステル 0.6515g(1.0mmol)、2,7-ジブロモ-9,9-ジオクチルフルオレン 0.4449g(0.8mmol)、N,N-ビス(4-ブロモフェニル)-4-sec-ブチルアニリン 0.0931g(0.2mmol)、トルエン20mLを加え、モノマー溶液を作製した。窒素ガス雰囲気下、モノマー溶液を100℃で加熱し、酢酸パラジウム 0.5mg、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン 2.9mg、式(1)で表される化合物である1-へキセン 13.7mg、20重量%テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液 3.4mLを加えた。100℃で攪拌し、1時間重合して得られた高分子化合物のポリスチレン換算数平均分子量は、1.1×105であり、ポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量は3.2×105であった。
((R)-(+)-リモネン 存在下での重合)
冷却装置が取り付けられたガラス反応容器に、9,9-ジオクチルフルオレン-2,7-ジホウ酸ビス(ピナコール)エステル 0.6515g(1.0mmol)、2,7-ジブロモ-9,9-ジオクチルフルオレン 0.4449g(0.8mmol)、N,N-ビス(4-ブロモフェニル)-4-sec-ブチルアニリン 0.0931g(0.2mmol)、トルエン20mLを加え、モノマー溶液を作製した。窒素ガス雰囲気下、モノマー溶液を100℃で加熱し、酢酸パラジウム 0.5mg、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン 2.9mg、式(1)で表される化合物である(R)-(+)-リモネン 44.2mg、20重量%テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液 3.4mLを加えた。100℃で攪拌し、1時間重合して得られた高分子化合物のポリスチレン換算数平均分子量は、8.5×104であり、ポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量は2.4×105であった。
(式(1)の化合物なし)
冷却装置が取り付けられたガラス反応容器に、9,9-ジオクチルフルオレン-2,7-ジホウ酸ビス(ピナコール)エステル 0.6515g(1.0mmol)、2,7-ジブロモ-9,9-ジオクチルフルオレン 0.4449g(0.8mmol)、N,N-ビス(4-ブロモフェニル)-4-sec-ブチルアニリン 0.0931g(0.2mmol)、トルエン20mLを加え、モノマー溶液を作製した。窒素ガス雰囲気下、モノマー溶液を100℃で加熱し、酢酸パラジウム 0.5mg、トリス(2-メトキシフェニル)ホスフィン 2.9mg、20重量%テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液 3.4mLを加えた。100℃で攪拌し、1時間重合して得られた高分子化合物のポリスチレン換算数平均分子量は、6.0×104であり、ポリスチレン換算重量平均分子量は1.5×105であった。
Claims (16)
- ホウ素原子を含む第1の官能基を少なくとも2つ有する第1の芳香族化合物と、第1の官能基と反応しうる第2の官能基を少なくとも2つ有する第2の芳香族化合物とを、有機溶媒、パラジウム錯体、塩基、及び式(1)で示される化合物の存在下で重合させる工程を包含する、式(2)で示される繰り返し単位を有する高分子化合物の製造方法。
- Rdが水素原子である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- Ra及びRbが水素原子である請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- Ra、Rb及びRdが水素原子である請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物が、炭化水素化合物、又は、炭素原子、水素原子及び酸素原子からなる化合物である請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物が、炭化水素化合物である請求項8に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物が、脂肪族化合物である請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd及びRfがそれぞれ水素原子であり、Reが炭素数3~12のアルキル基である請求項10に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物の沸点が、圧力1atmにおいて40℃以上である請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物の量が、パラジウム錯体1モルに対して0.1~1000モルである請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物の量が、第1の芳香族化合物と第2の芳香族化合物の合計1モルに対して0.0001~20モルである請求項1又は2に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
- 式(1)で示される化合物の量が、芳香族化合物1モルに対して0.0001~20モルである請求項3又は4に記載の高分子化合物の製造方法。
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- 2011-02-25 WO PCT/JP2011/054283 patent/WO2011105549A1/ja active Application Filing
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