WO2011101195A1 - Prolongateur d'autonomie pour un véhicule entraîné par un moteur électrique - Google Patents

Prolongateur d'autonomie pour un véhicule entraîné par un moteur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011101195A1
WO2011101195A1 PCT/EP2011/050724 EP2011050724W WO2011101195A1 WO 2011101195 A1 WO2011101195 A1 WO 2011101195A1 EP 2011050724 W EP2011050724 W EP 2011050724W WO 2011101195 A1 WO2011101195 A1 WO 2011101195A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rectifier
electric machine
generator
range extender
phase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/050724
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Philipp Morrison
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2011101195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011101195A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
    • B60L2220/58—Structural details of electrical machines with more than three phases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • Range extender for a vehicle powered by an electric machine
  • the invention relates to a range extender for a driven by an electric vehicle.
  • Range Extender In electric vehicles, ie purely electrically driven vehicles, the limited due to the limited charge capacity of the vehicle battery range is a key problem.
  • range extender usually referred to as Range Extender - used for some time.
  • Range Extender include an internal combustion engine with a downstream generator which, if necessary, charges the battery which supplies the power for the electric drive.
  • combustion engines which are also used as a drive unit for the vehicle, the combustion engines for range extender can be designed for significantly lower power and always operated at an optimum operating point, resulting in low fuel consumption.
  • the present invention provides a range extender for a vehicle driven by a first electric machine, in particular an electric vehicle, having an energy store for supplying energy to the first electric machine, a second electric machine operated as a generator for generating electrical energy for charging the energy store, an internal combustion engine to drive the generator and an uncontrolled Rectifier for rectifying an output voltage of the generator.
  • the second electrical machine and the rectifier are each configured in a 9-phase manner.
  • the rectifier is preferably designed as a 9-pole bridge rectifier.
  • an uncontrolled rectifier brings significant price advantages in comparison with controlled rectifiers, for example in the form of pulse inverters, since no costly semiconductor switching elements, such as Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) are required.
  • IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
  • uncontrolled rectifiers lead to an increased fluctuation of the output voltage compared to controlled rectifiers.
  • the internal resistance of an energy store typically used in an electric vehicle, such as a lithium-ion battery is in the range of a few hundred milli-ohms (200-400 mO), however, small voltage differences already lead to relatively large current ripples in the battery current. However, these current ripples can have a negative impact on the life of the energy storage and should therefore be kept as low as possible. According to the invention this is achieved in that instead of a conventional 3-phase generator, a 9-phase generator is used in conjunction with a 9-phase diode rectifier.
  • the increased number of phases leads to significantly reduced fluctuations in the output voltage of the rectifier, thus reduced current ripple and thus ultimately to an extended life of the energy storage.
  • the 9-phase configuration of the second electric machine operated as a generator has the particular advantage that with regard to the mechanical design, e.g. Stator sheet cut, the machine layout of a standard 3-phase electric machine can be used and only a modified winding must be applied.
  • the use of 3-phase "standard machines" as a basis or platform makes it possible to use economies of scale for further cost reduction.
  • FIG. 3 shows a graphic representation of a sinusoidal input voltage of a 9-phase unregulated rectifier
  • FIG. 4 shows a graphic representation of the output voltage of a 9-phase unregulated rectifier when subjected to an input voltage according to FIG. 3,
  • Figure 5 is a graphical representation of a sinusoidal input voltage of a 3-phase unregulated rectifier
  • FIG. 6 shows a graphic representation of the output voltage of a 3-phase unregulated rectifier when subjected to an input voltage according to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a range extender according to the invention with an internal combustion engine 1, which is mechanically coupled to a 9-phase electrical machine 2-also referred to below as generator 2.
  • the electric machine 2 is operated as a generator and can be driven by the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the 2 is a rectifier 3 in the form of an unregulated 9-phase diode rectifier ters connected.
  • the rectifier 3 comprises a plurality of diodes 4-1 to 4-18, which are connected to the individual phases of the generator 2 and are arranged in the illustrated embodiment in the form of a rectifier bridge circuit.
  • the rectifier 3 is connected via a 2-core line to an energy store 5, for example in the form of a lithium-ion battery.
  • This energy storage 5 is used to supply energy to a further electric machine, not shown, which serves as a drive unit of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle is preferably designed as an electric vehicle, which is exclusively driven electrically.
  • the energy storage 5 can be charged by means of the internal combustion engine 1, the generator 2 and the rectifier 3.
  • a requirement can arise, for example, when the state of charge of the energy storage device 5 falls below a predetermined minimum charge. In this way, the range of the electric vehicle can be increased without having to increase the charging capacity of the energy storage device.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 is used exclusively for charging the energy store 5, so that it can be used accordingly for low powers, e.g. 15 - 35 kW, can be designed and can always be operated at an optimal operating point, so that low fuel consumption is guaranteed.
  • the 9-phase electric machine operated as a generator is based on its mechanical design, e.g. Stand-cut, on a standard available 3-phase electric machine and is only provided with a correspondingly modified winding.
  • a 9-phase electric machine can be produced by reducing the parallel strands to four.
  • the described change of the winding is also applicable to other embodiments of standard available 3-phase electric machines.
  • FIG. 2 shows the course of the output voltage of the generator 2 as a function of the rotational speed.
  • the solid curve 20 shows a typical profile of the output voltage when operating the generator 2 with a pulse-controlled inverter.
  • a permissible machine voltage is, for example, 200V and assumed as corner speed 2000 1 / min. It can be seen clearly from FIG.
  • the dashed curve 21 shows the theoretical curve of the output voltage in an operation of the generator with mere replacement of the pulse inverter by an unregulated rectifier.
  • the windings of the individual teeth can be designed with a smaller number of turns and a larger cross section .
  • This procedure has the additional advantage that a similar current carrying capacity can be achieved by the increased line cross-section, even with the reduced number of parallel strands, as would be achieved by a 3-phase winding.
  • the number of turns is reduced by a factor of 3 in order to reduce the induced voltage and thus to reduce the slope of the voltage characteristic, a line cross-section increased by a factor of 3 can be used.
  • the reduction of the parallel strands would be balanced again from 12 to 4.
  • Voltage resistance can be ensured at high speed of the generator 2. This is particularly important because to achieve the required charging power, for example, in a 2-cylinder internal combustion engine 1, a high speed is required. On the other hand, however, an increased rotational speed also offers advantages with regard to the smooth running of the internal combustion engine 1. Since the internal resistance of the energy storage device 5 is typically only in the range of a few hundred milli-ohms, even small voltage differences in the output voltage of the rectifier 3 lead to relatively large current ripples in the battery current. In order to keep the voltage differences at the output of the rectifier 3 sufficiently low, a 9-phase unregulated rectifier is used according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows by way of example a sinusoidal input signal of the 9-phase rectifier 3 with a voltage amplitude of 200V.
  • Figure 4 shows the associated signal at the output of the rectifier 3.
  • the output voltage fluctuates between 388V and 394V, ie with a maximum difference of 6 V.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un prolongateur d'autonomie pour un véhicule entraîné par un premier moteur électrique, comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie (5) destiné à alimenter en énergie le premier moteur électrique, un deuxième moteur électrique (2) servant de générateur pour générer du courant électrique destiné à charger l'accumulateur d'énergie (5), un moteur thermique (1) destiné à entraîner le générateur (2), et un redresseur de courant (3) non commandé destiné à redresser une tension de sortie du générateur (2), le deuxième moteur électrique (2) et le redresseur ayant chacun neuf phases.
PCT/EP2011/050724 2010-02-22 2011-01-20 Prolongateur d'autonomie pour un véhicule entraîné par un moteur électrique WO2011101195A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010002168.7 2010-02-22
DE102010002168A DE102010002168A1 (de) 2010-02-22 2010-02-22 Reichweitenverlängerer für ein durch eine elektrische Maschine angetriebenes Fahrzeug

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011101195A1 true WO2011101195A1 (fr) 2011-08-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/050724 WO2011101195A1 (fr) 2010-02-22 2011-01-20 Prolongateur d'autonomie pour un véhicule entraîné par un moteur électrique

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Country Link
DE (1) DE102010002168A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011101195A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012207809A1 (de) 2012-05-10 2013-11-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Reichweitenverlängerer, Antrieb und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012221731A1 (de) 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Betriebsstrategie für einen Reichweitenverlängerer eines Elektrofahrzeuges
DE102013204488A1 (de) 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vermeiden eines Schadens eines Lagers mindestens einer Welle eines Reichweitenverlängerers eines Elektrofahrzeuges

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1103409A2 (fr) * 1999-11-26 2001-05-30 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Régulateur et méthode de régulation pour moteur/générateur
EP1199210A2 (fr) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-24 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Dispositif de commande pour une pluralité de machines électriques

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1103409A2 (fr) * 1999-11-26 2001-05-30 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Régulateur et méthode de régulation pour moteur/générateur
EP1199210A2 (fr) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-24 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Dispositif de commande pour une pluralité de machines électriques

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Publication number Publication date
DE102010002168A1 (de) 2011-08-25

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