WO2011101078A1 - Particules de diamant, et procédé pour obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats - Google Patents

Particules de diamant, et procédé pour obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011101078A1
WO2011101078A1 PCT/EP2011/000286 EP2011000286W WO2011101078A1 WO 2011101078 A1 WO2011101078 A1 WO 2011101078A1 EP 2011000286 W EP2011000286 W EP 2011000286W WO 2011101078 A1 WO2011101078 A1 WO 2011101078A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diamond particles
aggregate structures
gas atmosphere
less
mbar
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/000286
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Williams
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. filed Critical Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
Priority to US13/579,705 priority Critical patent/US20120315212A1/en
Priority to JP2012553205A priority patent/JP2013519623A/ja
Priority to EP11702393A priority patent/EP2536661A1/fr
Publication of WO2011101078A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011101078A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/25—Diamond
    • C01B32/28—After-treatment, e.g. purification, irradiation, separation or recovery
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 for obtaining diamond particles from aggregate structures which contain diamond particles having an average particle diameter of less than 10 nm and diamond particles according to the preamble of claim 17.
  • diamond particles includes diamond-like particles as well as particles having a diamond core with a graphitic surface.
  • the currently commercially available UDD powders have the disadvantage that although they nano-diamond particles, d. H. Diamond particles having an average particle diameter smaller than 10 nm, these diamond particles but present in much larger aggregate structures.
  • the aggregate structures are typically over 100 nm in size and typically contain a variety of nano-diamond particles. These aggregate structures typically arise in the manufacturing process of the UDD powders during the cooling process after the detonation blast.
  • Another known method is to oxidize UDD powder in an air atmosphere in a temperature window between 400 ° C and 450 ° C, as described, for example, in Osswald, S., G. Yushin, V. Mochalin, S.O. Kucheyev and Y. Gogotsi. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2006. 128 (35): p. 1 1635-1 1642 and
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide diamond particles having an average particle diameter of less than 10 nm and a method for obtaining such diamond particles from aggregate structures, which eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages and compared to the previously known methods is technically inexpensive and inexpensive to implement.
  • the process according to the invention serves to obtain diamond particles from aggregate structures which contain diamond particles having a mean particle diameter of less than 10 nm.
  • the aggregate structures are heated under a gas atmosphere, so that the diamond particles are obtained from the aggregate structures. It is essential that the aggregate structures are heated under a gas atmosphere which contains at least 80% of hydrogen gas on reactive gases.
  • diamond particles here and hereinafter includes diamond-like particles and particles which have a diamond core with a graphitic surface.
  • reactive gases here and below refers to those gases which react with the aggregate structures and / or the diamond particles.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the Applicant's finding that surprisingly with diamond particles below a certain size a chemical reaction under a gas atmosphere containing hydrogen gas with the H 2 molecules of the hydrogen gas is possible, which has two positive effects:
  • the diamond particles with an average particle diameter of less than 10 nm are obtained from the aggregate structures.
  • a treatment of the surface of the diamond particles which leads to advantageous properties in terms of wetting behavior, friction behavior and the electronic properties.
  • the zeta potential as a measure of the electric potential of a moving particle in a suspension is in the context of the diamond particles in particular an indication of the stability of the diamond particles in the liquid after centrifuging.
  • Untreated, commercially available UDD powders typically have negative zeta potentials.
  • the diamond particles obtained by means of the method according to the invention have high positive zeta potentials greater than +30 mV in the liquid after centrifuging, which proves the high stability of the resulting dispersed diamond particles and thus their broad applicability for further processing.
  • These high zeta potentials are due to a reaction of the surface of the diamond particles with the H 2 molecules of the hydrogen gas of the gas atmosphere in the inventive method.
  • the method according to the invention it is thus possible for the first time to obtain diamond particles from the aggregate structures by the technically uncomplicated heating of the aggregate structures under gas atmosphere containing hydrogen gas, with an average particle diameter of less than 10 nm and with an advantageously altered surface, in particular with a zeta potential greater + 30 mV (at least for measurements after dispersion of the obtained diamond particles in a liquid and centrifuging).
  • the diamond particles are obtained by the action of the hydrogen gas during the heating.
  • the gas atmosphere contains at least 80% of hydrogen gas on the reactive gases. The percentage here and below refers to the percentage of particles.
  • the gas atmosphere preferably comprises hydrogen gas at a level of at least 90%, preferably at least 99%, further of at least 99.9% of the reactive gases.
  • the heating in a pure or almost pure hydrogen gas atmosphere is advantageous.
  • the proportion of oxidizing gases is therefore preferably less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, in particular less than 1%.
  • the proportion of oxygen gas in the reactive gases is preferably less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, in particular less than 1%.
  • the aggregate structures are heated to a temperature in the range between 400 ° C and 1000 ° C, in particular to a temperature between 400 ° C and 600 ° C, preferably about 500 ° C.
  • a temperature in the range between 400 ° C and 1000 ° C in particular to a temperature between 400 ° C and 600 ° C, preferably about 500 ° C.
  • the aggregate structures are heated for a period in the range between 1 hour and 24 hours, preferably between 1 hour and 10 hours, preferably of about 5 hours.
  • the heating under a gas atmosphere is preferably carried out at a pressure in the range between 5 mbar and 20 bar, preferably between 5 mbar and 2 bar, preferably at about 10 mbar.
  • the pressure range shows that thus a wide window for the printing parameters in the method according to the invention is possible, so that here too the equipment cost for performing the method according to the invention is inexpensive compared with methods that require a highly accurate pressure control.
  • the heating is preferably carried out under a gas atmosphere in a reaction space.
  • a vacuum with a pressure less than 10 "7 mbar, preferably less than 1 0 ⁇ 6 mbar, preferably less than 10" generates 5 mbar and then heating in a gas atmosphere at a pressure greater than 1 mbar, particularly preferably at a pressure according to the aforementioned pressure ranges.
  • the heating under gas atmosphere is preferably carried out in a reaction space as described above, hydrogen gas being continuously passed through the reaction space during the heating of the aggregate structures.
  • hydrogen gas is preferably passed through the reaction space at a flow rate in the range of between 10 sccm and 100 sccm, preferably between 30 sccm and 60 sccm, in particular with approximately 50 sccm.
  • the pressure in the reaction space is preferably kept approximately constant during the passage of hydrogen.
  • hydrogen gas with a purity of at least 99.9%, preferably of at least 99.9999%, more preferably of at least 99.999999%, is preferably used in the process according to the invention.
  • the cleaning of the water material gas by means of a palladium membrane before introduction into the reaction space.
  • the diamond particles contained in the gas atmosphere by heating the aggregate structures are preferably subsequently dispersed in a liquid.
  • the diamond particles are dispersed in deionized water.
  • the dispersion is preferably carried out by the action of ultrasound.
  • recourse can be had to known methods and devices.
  • the dispersing by means of high-power ultrasound is preferably advantageous with a power greater than 200 W, in particular greater than 250 W.
  • Preferred periods of treatment with ultrasound are between 1 and 20 hours, preferably between 3 and 7 hours.
  • the liquid is centrifuged with the diamond particles.
  • centrifuging in the range of 5000 rpm to 15000 rpm, preferably at least 10000 rpm, is advantageous.
  • the diamond particles obtained by the process according to the invention are preferably dispersed in a liquid and preferably have an average particle diameter of less than 10 nm, preferably less than 8 nm, preferably in the range of 2 nm to 5 nm.
  • the diamond particles obtained by means of the process according to the invention preferably have a zeta potential greater than +30 mV, preferably greater +50 mV, as a result of the treatment in a gas atmosphere, in particular in a pH range between 3 and 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows a transmission electron micrograph of a UDD powder treated by the method according to the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a comparison of the zeta potentials of treated and untreated UDD powder as a function of pH
  • Figure 4 shows a size distribution of the diamond particles in treated UDD powder after centrifugation for different rotational speeds during centrifugation.
  • UDD powder of the "G01 Grade” type was obtained from Plasmachem GmbH 0.4 g of the UDD powder was placed in a reaction chamber designed as a vacuum oven and a vacuum of less than 1.times.10.sup.- 6 mbar was produced. Subsequently, hydrogen gas was introduced to produce a purity of 99.999999% by means of a palladium membrane. The hydrogen gas was passed through the reaction chamber at 50 sccm, maintaining a pressure of 10 mbar. By means of resistance heating, the aggregate structures of the UDD powder were heated to 500 ° C, the temperature being measured by means of a single-wavelength pyrometer. The heating under gas atmosphere with the aforementioned parameters was carried out for a period of 5 hours.
  • the mixture was then cooled to room temperature while maintaining the hydrogen gas flow, then again a generation of a vacuum (less than 10 "3 mbar) and ventilation of the reaction space.
  • aqueous colloids were produced, on the one hand, from the UDD powder treated by the method according to the invention and, on the other hand, from untreated UDD powder, by adding 0, 1 g powder in 200 ml deionized water and then each dispersing with high-power ultrasound (Sonics Vibra Cell VCX500).
  • the dispersing parameters were 250 W with a duty cycle of 3: 2 (on: off) for a period of 5 hours with constant liquid cooling. The temperature of the liquid was kept below 20 ° C.
  • the two liquid samples were then left static for 24 hours to allow settling and subsequent decanting of contaminants, such as contamination by sonotrode material, particularly titanium alloy.
  • the particle size and the zeta potential of the dispersed diamond particles were each measured by means of dynamic light scattering (BLS) using a Malvern Zetasicer Nano ZS apparatus in the backscatter configuration (173 °).
  • the particle size was averaged by 100 measurements to 30 seconds and the measurements of the zeta potential were made by averaging 300 measurements.
  • An index of refraction of 2.4 for diamond was used to convert the quantities of measured intensity / size distribution into number of particles / size distribution.
  • the zeta potential measurements were calibrated using an aqueous suspension of polymer microspheres at pH 9.2, with referencing by the standard NIST1980. In FIGS. 1 and 2, a white bar is shown at the bottom left as a scale for a length of 50 nm.
  • the transmission electron micrograph in FIG. 1 shows that densely packed aggregates greater than 100 nm are present in the untreated UDD powder. Single occurring diamond particles could not be observed.
  • the UDD powder treated with the method according to the invention exhibits significantly smaller particle sizes in the transmission electron pick-up according to FIG. 2, it being noted with regard to the recording according to FIG. 2 that a slight aggregation of particles during the drying process to produce the image due to the Surface tension of water occurred. Nevertheless, it can already be seen in FIG. 2 that the aggregate structures are substantially smaller compared to FIG. 1 and furthermore individual diamond particles are visible. The aggregation density is thus significantly reduced.
  • the measured zeta potentials in mV are shown as a function of the pH value in FIG. 3.
  • the measuring points above the central, horizontal line show the positive zeta potentials of the UDD powder treated by the method according to the invention ("Hydrogenated ")
  • the measurement points below the central, horizontal line show the negative zeta potentials of the untreated UDD powder (" Untreated ").
  • the untreated UDD powder thus has a negative zeta potential over the entire measured pH range, with increasing pH, the zeta potential is increasingly negative. This is known with commercially available UDD powders which have been acid cleaned.
  • the UDD powder treated with the method according to the invention exhibits positive zeta potentials over the entire measured pH range, with zeta potentials greater than +40 mV being continuously measured in a pH range between 3 and 7.
  • the zeta potentials at high pH values show decreasing readings, taking into account that degradation of the measuring electrode took place during the measuring process, so that the readings at high pH values may be faulty.
  • zeta potentials of up to +70 mV were measured immediately after centrifugation in the case of the UDD powder treated by the method according to the invention.
  • the lower values of the UDD powder treated by the process of the present invention in Figure 3 may be due to a slight contamination during the transfer of the liquid with the dispersed diamond particles and exposure to air.
  • Size The size of the diamond particles
  • Figures 4a and 4b The size of the diamond particles
  • Figure 4a shows the size distribution of the diamond particles of untreated UDD powder before (“No CF”) and after repeated centrifugation at different rotational speeds (each by Specifying the Rotation speeds in RPM RPM.) It can be seen from Figure 4a that the particle size is substantially independent of centrifugation, the dominant particle size being over 100 nm and there is no evidence for smaller particles.
  • FIG. 4b shows the size distribution in the case of the UDD powder treated by the method according to the invention as a function of different centrifugation processes, wherein the rotational speed during centrifugation (in rpm "RPM") and the duration of centrifuge in minutes (“ m ”) is indicated.
  • RPM rotational speed during centrifugation
  • m duration of centrifuge in minutes
  • the mean value of the measured particle size is much smaller.
  • the average particle size value after centrifugation at 5000 rpm is about 28 nm to 32 nm, centrifuging at 75,000 rpm at about 16 nm, and then this value decreases to 2 nm to 4 nm after centrifugation at rotational speeds 10000 rpm

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé destiné à obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats qui contiennent des particules de diamant ayant une granulométrie moyenne inférieure à 10 nm, les structures d'agrégats étant chauffées sous atmosphère gazeuse, de telle sorte que les particules de diamant soient obtenues à partir des structures d'agrégats. Il est important que les structures d'agrégats soient chauffées sous une atmosphère gazeuse qui contient, par rapport aux gaz réactifs, de l'hydrogène gazeux en une quantité d'au moins 80 %.
PCT/EP2011/000286 2010-02-19 2011-01-25 Particules de diamant, et procédé pour obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats WO2011101078A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/579,705 US20120315212A1 (en) 2010-02-19 2011-01-25 Diamond particles and method for obtaining diamond particles from aggregate structures
JP2012553205A JP2013519623A (ja) 2010-02-19 2011-01-25 ダイヤモンド粒子および、凝集構造体からダイヤモンド粒子を得るための方法
EP11702393A EP2536661A1 (fr) 2010-02-19 2011-01-25 Particules de diamant, et procédé pour obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010008682.7 2010-02-19
DE102010008682A DE102010008682A1 (de) 2010-02-19 2010-02-19 Diamantpartikel und Verfahren zum Erhalt von Diamantpartikeln aus Aggregatstrukturen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011101078A1 true WO2011101078A1 (fr) 2011-08-25

Family

ID=43844599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/000286 WO2011101078A1 (fr) 2010-02-19 2011-01-25 Particules de diamant, et procédé pour obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20120315212A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2536661A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013519623A (fr)
DE (1) DE102010008682A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011101078A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103342354A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2013-10-09 中南钻石股份有限公司 一种工业钻石用石墨原料芯柱的纯化和增加密度的方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI126322B (en) * 2013-04-23 2016-09-30 Carbodeon Ltd Oy Process for preparing a zeta-negative nanodiamond dispersion and a zeta-negative nanodiamond dispersion
FI126428B (fi) * 2013-05-31 2016-11-30 Carbodeon Ltd Oy Zeta-positiivinen hydrogenoitu nanotimanttijauhe, zeta-positiivinen hydrogenoitu nanotimanttidispersio, ja menetelmät niiden valmistamiseksi
JP6152052B2 (ja) * 2013-12-13 2017-06-21 日華化学株式会社 水分散性に優れたダイヤモンド微粒子の製造方法、及びダイヤモンド微粒子水分散体
JP6472715B2 (ja) * 2015-06-11 2019-02-20 株式会社ダイセル ナノダイヤモンド分散液およびその製造方法
JP6416048B2 (ja) * 2015-07-01 2018-10-31 株式会社神戸製鋼所 グラファイト群、該グラファイト群を含む炭素粒子
WO2017061246A1 (fr) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-13 株式会社ダイセル Procédé pour la récupération de nanodiamant à partir d'une solution de placage
JP2017088449A (ja) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-25 株式会社ダイセル ナノダイヤモンド分散液およびその製造方法
GB201916744D0 (en) 2019-11-18 2020-01-01 Univ College Cardiff Consultants Ltd Filter element for liquid filtration

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1466954A1 (fr) 2000-08-17 2004-10-13 The Ishizuka Research Institute, Ltd. Particules abrasives en diamant et procede de production desdites particules
WO2007133765A2 (fr) 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Drexel University Procédé de purification de compositions de nanodiamant et applications
US7300958B2 (en) 2003-05-20 2007-11-27 Futaba Corporation Ultra-dispersed nanocarbon and method for preparing the same
EP2123603A1 (fr) 2007-02-09 2009-11-25 Ishizuka, Hiroshi Micropoudre de diamant et son procédé de piégeage, et bouillie de diamant dans laquelle est dispersée une micropoudre de diamant
WO2010048607A2 (fr) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Carnegie Institution Of Washington Propriétés optiques améliorées d’un diamant monocristallin, obtenu par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur, les propriétés étant améliorées par un recuit à haute température/faible pression

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4245310B2 (ja) * 2001-08-30 2009-03-25 忠正 藤村 分散安定性に優れたダイヤモンド懸濁水性液、このダイヤモンドを含む金属膜及びその製造物
US7690589B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2010-04-06 Kerns Kevin C Method, system and apparatus for the deagglomeration and/or disaggregation of clustered materials

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1466954A1 (fr) 2000-08-17 2004-10-13 The Ishizuka Research Institute, Ltd. Particules abrasives en diamant et procede de production desdites particules
US7300958B2 (en) 2003-05-20 2007-11-27 Futaba Corporation Ultra-dispersed nanocarbon and method for preparing the same
WO2007133765A2 (fr) 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Drexel University Procédé de purification de compositions de nanodiamant et applications
EP2123603A1 (fr) 2007-02-09 2009-11-25 Ishizuka, Hiroshi Micropoudre de diamant et son procédé de piégeage, et bouillie de diamant dans laquelle est dispersée une micropoudre de diamant
WO2010048607A2 (fr) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Carnegie Institution Of Washington Propriétés optiques améliorées d’un diamant monocristallin, obtenu par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur, les propriétés étant améliorées par un recuit à haute température/faible pression

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KRUGER, A.; F. KATAOKA; M. OZAWA; T. FUJINO; Y. SUZUKI; A.E. ALEKSENSKII; A.Y. VUL; E. OSAWA., CARBON, vol. 43, no. 8, 2005, pages 1722 - 1730
OSSWALD, S.; G. YUSHIN; V. MOCHALIN; S.O. KUCHEYEV; Y. GOGOTSI., JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 128, no. 35, 2006, pages 11635 - 11642
WILLIAMS O A ET AL: "Size-dependent reactivity of diamond nanoparticles", ACS NANO, vol. 4, no. 8, 24 August 2010 (2010-08-24), AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY USA, pages 4824 - 4830, XP002633636, DOI: 10.1021/NN100748K *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103342354A (zh) * 2013-07-02 2013-10-09 中南钻石股份有限公司 一种工业钻石用石墨原料芯柱的纯化和增加密度的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010008682A1 (de) 2011-08-25
US20120315212A1 (en) 2012-12-13
JP2013519623A (ja) 2013-05-30
EP2536661A1 (fr) 2012-12-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2536661A1 (fr) Particules de diamant, et procédé pour obtenir des particules de diamant à partir de structures d'agrégats
EP0951500B1 (fr) Corps en polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) microporeux comprenant une charge
DE2741427C2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von verbesserten Calciumcarbonat-Teilchen und deren Verwendung als Füllstoff
EP1801073B1 (fr) Dioxyde de silicium pyrogéniquement préparé
DE2924072C2 (fr)
EP1216958B1 (fr) Dispersion aqueuse, son procédé de préparation et son utilisation
DE69426886T2 (de) Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung von nanostrukturierte materialien
EP1963437B1 (fr) Particules d'agglomerat, procede de production de nanocomposites et leur utilisation
DE10235758A1 (de) Dotiertes Zinkoxidpulver, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung
DE3633309C2 (de) Zusammensetzung auf der Basis von Zirkoniumdioxid und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE102004025048A1 (de) Ultra-dispergierter Nano-Kohlenstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE3325675A1 (de) Schmiermittel, enthaltend ein teilweise defluoriertes graphitfluorid
DE102005027720A1 (de) Alkalimetalloxid enthaltendes Mischoxidpulver und Siliconkautschuk enthaltend dieses Pulver
DE69831676T2 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von zerreibbaren produkten aus polytetrafluorethylen
DE69617548T2 (de) Hydrophile Diamantteilchen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE69813283T2 (de) Russ beschichtet mit aluminumhaltiger schicht und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
EP3248939A1 (fr) Particules de silicone organofonctionnelle, son procede de fabrication et d'utilisation
DE102011087385A1 (de) Granulate auf der Basis von Titandioxid-Partikeln mit hoher mechanischer Stabilität
DE112011101392B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Partikeln
DE10134382A1 (de) Mit Erbiumoxid dotierte pyrogene Oxide
DE69703925T2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von feinen kugelförmigen Yttriumoxidteilchen
DE202015009541U1 (de) Solarzellen
DE3826281A1 (de) Uebergangsmetallchalkogenid der zusammensetzung mx(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts), verfahren zur herstellung von mx(pfeil abwaerts)2(pfeil abwaerts)-material und dessen verwendung
EP0743102A1 (fr) Utilisations de fullérènes polyfluorés comme revêtement de surfaces d'outils
DE102005035374A1 (de) Nanohohlkapseln

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11702393

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2012553205

Country of ref document: JP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 13579705

Country of ref document: US

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2011702393

Country of ref document: EP