WO2011089661A1 - 共振器、デルタシグマ変調器、および無線通信装置 - Google Patents
共振器、デルタシグマ変調器、および無線通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011089661A1 WO2011089661A1 PCT/JP2010/004480 JP2010004480W WO2011089661A1 WO 2011089661 A1 WO2011089661 A1 WO 2011089661A1 JP 2010004480 W JP2010004480 W JP 2010004480W WO 2011089661 A1 WO2011089661 A1 WO 2011089661A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/04—Frequency selective two-port networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M3/00—Conversion of analogue values to or from differential modulation
- H03M3/30—Delta-sigma modulation
- H03M3/39—Structural details of delta-sigma modulators, e.g. incremental delta-sigma modulators
- H03M3/402—Arrangements specific to bandpass modulators
- H03M3/404—Arrangements specific to bandpass modulators characterised by the type of bandpass filters used
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/04—Frequency selective two-port networks
- H03H2011/0488—Notch or bandstop filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resonator, and more particularly to a resonator suitable for a delta-sigma modulator.
- delta-sigma modulators used in analog-to-digital converters are more accurate and consume less than Nyquist analog-to-digital converters due to noise shaping and oversampling technologies. It is known as a method that can realize electric power.
- a continuous-time delta-sigma modulator is known as a technique suitable for a high-speed, wide-band delta-sigma modulator.
- an input signal passes through n analog integrators connected in cascade and is then quantized by a quantizer.
- the output of the quantizer is n digital-to-analog converters.
- Digital-to-Analog Converter: DAC Digital-to-Analog Converter
- the capacitive element in the CR series circuit inserted in the negative feedback portion of the operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier. For this reason, the said capacitive element becomes an output load and the power consumption of an operational amplifier will increase. Further, in order to employ the resonator in the delta-sigma modulator, a mechanism for discharging the electric charge of the capacitive element constituting the resonator is necessary.
- a resonator includes an operational amplifier, a first resistance element connected between the first node and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the first node, and the operational amplifier.
- a second resistance element connected between the non-inverting output terminal, a first capacitance element connected between the second node and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, a second node, and the operational amplifier;
- a second capacitive element connected between the non-inverting output terminals of the first capacitive element, a third capacitive element connected between the first node and the third node, a second node, and a third capacitive element.
- a third resistance element connected between the node, a fourth resistance element connected between the first node and the signal input terminal, and between the signal input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier. And a fifth capacitor element connected to the.
- the combined admittance when the elements connected to the first node are connected in parallel is made equal to the combined admittance when the elements connected to the second node are connected in parallel.
- the resonator further includes a fifth resistance element connected between the signal input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and a fourth capacitor connected between the second node and the signal input terminal. At least one of the elements may be provided.
- a resonator includes an operational amplifier, a first resistance element connected between the first node and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and a non-inversion of the first node and the operational amplifier.
- a second resistance element connected between the output terminal, a first capacitance element connected between the second node and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, a second node and the non-operational amplifier.
- the fifth resistance element is provided.
- the combined admittance when the elements connected to the first node are connected in parallel is made equal to the combined admittance when the elements connected to the second node are connected in parallel.
- the resonator further includes a fifth capacitive element connected between the signal input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, and a fourth resistor connected between the first node and the signal input terminal. At least one of the elements may be provided.
- Each of the above resonators may further include a switching circuit capable of short-circuiting the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier, the non-inverting output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the third node. According to this, it is suitable for a delta sigma modulator or the like because the charge of the capacitive element constituting the resonator can be discharged by closing the switch circuit.
- the power consumption of a resonator exhibiting a secondary transfer characteristic can be reduced with one operational amplifier.
- the transfer characteristics of the resonator can be easily changed, it is possible to correct manufacturing variations and improve yield and cost.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a resonator having a differential configuration.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a resonator according to a modification.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a resonator according to another modification.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a delta-sigma modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 10 is grounded, and a twin T-type notch filter is inserted between the output terminal and the inverting input terminal.
- the output of the operational amplifier 10 is the resonator output signal Vout.
- the first T-type filter includes resistance elements 11 and 12 and a capacitance element 23, and the second T-type filter includes capacitance elements 21 and 22 and a resistance element 13. One end of the resistive element 13 and one end of the capacitive element 23 are connected to the common node 103.
- the signal Vin is input to the intermediate node 101 in the first T-type filter via the resistance element 14, and the signal Vin is input to the intermediate node 102 of the second T-type filter via the capacitive element 24. . Further, the signal Vin is input to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 10 via the resistor element 15 and the capacitor element 25 connected in parallel.
- the resistance values of the resistance elements 11 to 15 are R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 , respectively, and the resistance values of the capacitance elements 21 to 25 are C 1 , C 2 , C 3 and C 4, respectively.
- the transfer function is expressed by the following equation.
- s is a Laplace operator.
- the denominator and numerator terms can all be set independently of each other. Further, the filter zero determined by the numerator term can be set independently by the element values C 4 , C 5 , R 4 , and R 5 separately from the poles represented by the denominator term. That is, the resonator according to the present embodiment can realize the secondary transfer characteristic using one operational amplifier and can arbitrarily change the frequency characteristic while maintaining the transfer characteristic.
- the resonator of FIG. 1 can be modified to a differential configuration. Further, any one of the resistance elements 14 and 15 and the capacitance elements 24 and 25 may be omitted.
- FIG. 3 is obtained by omitting the resistor element 15 and the capacitor element 24 from the resonator of FIG.
- the transfer function is expressed by the following equation.
- the coefficients of the denominator and numerator terms can all be set independently of each other. Further, the filter zero determined by the numerator term can be set independently by the element values C 5 and R 4 separately from the pole represented by the denominator term.
- FIG. 4 is obtained by omitting the resistor element 14 and the capacitor element 25 from the resonator of FIG.
- the transfer function is expressed by the following equation.
- the coefficients of the denominator and numerator terms can all be set independently of each other. Further, the filter zero determined by the numerator term can be set independently by the element values C 4 and R 5 separately from the poles represented by the denominator term.
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration of a delta-sigma modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the delta-sigma modulator according to the present embodiment forms a fifth-order loop filter as a whole by cascading two secondary resonators 100 downstream of the differential-order primary integrator 110, and the loop filter. , And a digital-to-analog converter 140 that feeds back the output Dout of the quantizer 130 to the primary integrator 100.
- the resonator 100 is obtained by adding a switch circuit 30 capable of short-circuiting the input / output terminals and the common node 103 of the operational amplifiers 10 having opposite phases to the resonator of FIG.
- the switch circuit 30 is disconnected during the normal operation of the resonator 100. For example, when the resonator 100 is oscillated by the input of an excessive amplitude signal, the switch circuit 30 is closed to form the capacitive elements 21 to 21 constituting the resonator 100. 25 charged charges are discharged.
- FIG. 6 shows a configuration of a wireless communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the wireless communication apparatus includes an antenna 1 that transmits and receives radio waves, a transmission unit 2 that performs predetermined transmission processing including modulation processing on a transmission signal, and predetermined reception that includes decoding processing on a reception signal.
- a receiving unit 3 that performs processing and a transmission / reception switching unit 4 that switches between a transmission signal and a reception signal are provided.
- the receiving unit 3 includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 31, a mixer 32, a low pass filter 33, a delta sigma modulator 34, and a digital baseband processing unit 35.
- the delta-sigma modulator 34 may be the one shown in FIG. In this way, a highly accurate wireless communication apparatus with low power consumption and low cost can be realized.
- the resonator according to the present invention has low power consumption and can easily change transfer characteristics, and further has a function of discharging the charge of the capacitive element, a delta-sigma modulator, a wireless communication device, a data conversion circuit, an audio It is useful for electronic equipment such as equipment and video equipment.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る共振器の構成を示す。本実施形態に係る共振器において、演算増幅器10の非反転入力端は接地されており、出力端と反転入力端との間にはツインT型ノッチフィルタが挿入されている。演算増幅器10の出力が共振器の出力信号Voutである。第1のT型フィルタは抵抗素子11,12および容量素子23で構成され、第2のT型フィルタは容量素子21,22および抵抗素子13で構成されている。抵抗素子13の一端および容量素子23の一端は共通ノード103に接続されている。そして、第1のT型フィルタにおける中間ノード101には抵抗素子14を介して信号Vinが入力され、第2のT型フィルタの中間ノード102には容量素子24を介して信号Vinが入力される。さらに、演算増幅器10の非反転入力端には並列接続された抵抗素子15および容量素子25を介して信号Vinが入力される。
1/R3=1/R1+1/R2+1/R4 かつ C3=C1+C2+C4
である。すなわち、共振条件は、中間ノード101に接続された素子を並列接続した場合の合成アドミタンスと中間ノード102に接続された素子を並列接続した場合の合成アドミタンスとが等しいことである。また、伝達関数は次式で表される。ただし、sはラプラス演算子である。
図2に示したように、図1の共振器は差動構成に変形することができる。また、抵抗素子14,15および容量素子24,25のいずれかを省略してもよい。図3は、図1の共振器から抵抗素子15および容量素子24を省略したものである。この場合の共振条件は、
1/R3=1/R1+1/R2+1/R4 かつ C3=C1+C2
である。また、伝達関数は次式で表される。
1/R3=1/R1+1/R2 かつ C3=C1+C2+C4
である。また、伝達関数は次式で表される。
図5は、本発明の一実施形態に係るデルタシグマ変調器の構成を示す。本実施形態に係るデルタシグマ変調器は、差動構成の1次積分器110の後段に2個の2次共振器100を縦続接続して全体で5次のループフィルタを構成し、当該ループフィルタの出力を量子化する量子化器130と、量子化器130の出力Doutを1次積分器100にフィードバックするデジタルアナログ変換器140を備えたものである。
図6は、本発明の一実施形態に係る無線通信装置の構成を示す。本実施形態に係る無線通信装置は、電波を送受信するアンテナ1と、送信信号に対して変調処理を含む所定の送信処理を施す送信部2と、受信信号に対して復号処理を含む所定の受信処理を施す受信部3と、送信信号と受信信号との切り替えを行う送受切替部4とを備えている。詳細には、受信部3は、低雑音増幅器(Low Noise Amplifier;LNA)31と、ミキサ32と、ローパスフィルタ33と、デルタシグマ変調器34と、デジタルベースバンド処理部35とを備えている。デルタシグマ変調器34として図5に示したものを採用するとよい。こうすることで、低消費電力かつ低コストで高精度な無線通信装置を実現することができる。
11 抵抗素子(第1の抵抗素子)
12 抵抗素子(第2の抵抗素子)
13 抵抗素子(第3の抵抗素子)
14 抵抗素子(第4の抵抗素子)
15 抵抗素子(第5の抵抗素子)
21 容量素子(第1の容量素子)
22 容量素子(第2の容量素子)
23 容量素子(第3の容量素子)
24 容量素子(第4の容量素子)
25 容量素子(第5の容量素子)
30 スイッチ回路
101 中間ノード(第1のノード)
102 中間ノード(第2のノード)
103 共通ノード(第3のノード)
100 共振器
130 量子化器
34 デルタシグマ変調器
35 デジタルベースバンド処理部
Claims (7)
- 演算増幅器と、
第1のノードと前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第1の抵抗素子と、
前記第1のノードと前記演算増幅器の非反転出力端との間に接続された第2の抵抗素子と、
第2のノードと前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第1の容量素子と、
前記第2のノードと前記演算増幅器の非反転出力端との間に接続された第2の容量素子と、
前記第1のノードと第3のノードとの間に接続された第3の容量素子と、
前記第2のノードと前記第3のノードとの間に接続された第3の抵抗素子と、
前記第1のノードと信号入力端との間に接続された第4の抵抗素子と、
前記信号入力端と前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第5の容量素子とを備え、
前記第1のノードに接続された素子を並列接続した場合の合成アドミタンスと前記第2のノードに接続された素子を並列接続した場合の合成アドミタンスとが等しい
ことを特徴とする共振器。 - 請求項1の共振器において、
前記信号入力端と前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第5の抵抗素子、および前記第2のノードと前記信号入力端との間に接続された第4の容量素子の少なくとも一つを備えている
ことを特徴とする共振器。 - 演算増幅器と、
第1のノードと前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第1の抵抗素子と、
前記第1のノードと前記演算増幅器の非反転出力端との間に接続された第2の抵抗素子と、
第2のノードと前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第1の容量素子と、
前記第2のノードと前記演算増幅器の非反転出力端との間に接続された第2の容量素子と、
前記第1のノードと第3のノードとの間に接続された第3の容量素子と、
前記第2のノードと前記第3のノードとの間に接続された第3の抵抗素子と、
前記第2のノードと信号入力端との間に接続された第4の容量素子と、
前記信号入力端と前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第5の抵抗素子とを備え、
前記第1のノードに接続された素子を並列接続した場合の合成アドミタンスと前記第2のノードに接続された素子を並列接続した場合の合成アドミタンスとが等しい
ことを特徴とする共振器。 - 請求項3の共振器において、
前記信号入力端と前記演算増幅器の反転入力端との間に接続された第5の容量素子、および前記第1のノードと前記信号入力端との間に接続された第4の抵抗素子の少なくとも一つを備えている
ことを特徴とする共振器。 - 請求項1および3のいずれか一つの共振器において、
前記演算増幅器の反転入力端、前記演算増幅器の非反転出力端、および前記第3のノードを短絡可能なスイッチ回路を備えている
ことを特徴とする共振器。 - 請求項5の共振器と、
前記共振器の出力を量子化する量子化器とを備えている
ことを特徴とするデルタシグマ変調器。 - 請求項6のデルタシグマ変調器と、
前記デルタシグマ変調器の出力を処理するデジタルベースバンド処理部とを備えている
ことを特徴とする無線通信装置。
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CN2010800565399A CN102687397A (zh) | 2010-01-20 | 2010-07-09 | 谐振器、δς调制器及无线通信装置 |
JP2011550725A JP5462888B2 (ja) | 2010-01-20 | 2010-07-09 | 共振器、デルタシグマ変調器、および無線通信装置 |
US13/534,716 US8823567B2 (en) | 2010-01-20 | 2012-06-27 | Resonator, delta-sigma modulator, and wireless communication device |
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KR20160110607A (ko) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-22 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 무선통신 시스템에서의 데이터 변환기를 위한 루프 필터 및 그에 따른 루프 필터 구현 방법 |
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CN102983837A (zh) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-03-20 | 昆山北极光电子科技有限公司 | 一种自举高通滤波电路 |
US9312879B2 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-04-12 | Mediatek Inc. | Signal modulating device capable of reducing peaking in signal transfer function |
US9484877B2 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-11-01 | Mediatek Inc. | Resonating device with single operational amplifier |
CN106209109A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-12-07 | 联发科技股份有限公司 | 信号调制装置 |
US11876543B2 (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2024-01-16 | Hangzhou Geo-Chip Technology Co., Ltd. | Mixer circuit, transmitter and communication device |
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JP5462888B2 (ja) | 2014-04-02 |
US20120262320A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
JPWO2011089661A1 (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
US8823567B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
CN102687397A (zh) | 2012-09-19 |
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