WO2011077660A1 - 電気機械変換素子および駆動装置 - Google Patents
電気機械変換素子および駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011077660A1 WO2011077660A1 PCT/JP2010/007233 JP2010007233W WO2011077660A1 WO 2011077660 A1 WO2011077660 A1 WO 2011077660A1 JP 2010007233 W JP2010007233 W JP 2010007233W WO 2011077660 A1 WO2011077660 A1 WO 2011077660A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electromechanical transducer
- external electrode
- stacking direction
- adhesive
- connection region
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=NN1 WSMQKESQZFQMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013641 LiNbO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium niobate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O GQYHUHYESMUTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UKDIAJWKFXFVFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
- H10N30/872—Connection electrodes of multilayer piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices, e.g. external electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
- H02N2/021—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors using intermittent driving, e.g. step motors, piezoleg motors
- H02N2/025—Inertial sliding motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/072—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
- H10N30/073—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by fusion of metals or by adhesives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electromechanical transducer that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and more particularly to the structure of the external electrode. And this invention relates to the drive device using this electromechanical conversion element.
- an actuator is usually incorporated to drive the movable part.
- This actuator is a device that converts input energy into a mechanical momentum, and one of them is a drive device using an electromechanical conversion element such as a piezoelectric element called SIDM (Smooth Impact Drive Mechanism).
- SIDM Smooth Impact Drive Mechanism
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of SIDM, FIG. 9 (A) is a perspective view thereof, and FIG. 9 (B) is an exploded perspective view thereof.
- the SIDM 100 includes an electromechanical conversion element 101, a vibration member 102, and a support member 103.
- the electromechanical conversion element 101 is an element that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
- the electromechanical conversion element 101 is a piezoelectric element 101 in which a plurality of piezoelectric layers 101a made of a piezoelectric material are stacked via internal electrodes 101b between the piezoelectric layers 101a. is there.
- a pair of external electrodes 101c and 101c are respectively formed on the side surfaces facing each other along the stacking direction of the piezoelectric element 101, and the pair of external electrodes 101c and 101c are alternately arranged with the plurality of internal electrodes 101b. It is connected to the.
- the vibration member 102 is a columnar member that is fixed to one end of the piezoelectric element 101 in the stacking direction.
- the support member 103 is a member that is fixed to the other end of the piezoelectric element 101 in the stacking direction and supports the piezoelectric element 101 and the vibration member 102.
- the piezoelectric element 101 expands and contracts in the stacking direction.
- the piezoelectric element 101 converts input electric energy into a mechanical expansion and contraction motion.
- the vibrating member 102 reciprocates in the longitudinal direction as the piezoelectric element 101 expands and contracts.
- an unillustrated moving member that frictionally engages with the vibrating member 102 is attached to the vibrating member 102, and the electromechanical conversion element 101 is repeatedly expanded and contracted so that the moving speed of the vibrating member 102 is asymmetric between the forward path and the backward path. Then, due to the asymmetric reciprocation of the vibration member 102, the moving member moves along the longitudinal direction, and electric energy is converted into the movement of the moving member.
- Patent Document 1 Such an electromechanical conversion element 101 is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
- a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics are sandwiched between internal electrodes that are opposite to each other in a positive and negative manner and are polarized so that the polarization directions face each other, and the lamination of the piezoelectric ceramics parts Piezoelectric ceramics having a pair of positive and negative external electrodes, which are provided on side surfaces facing each other along a direction, and are composed of a positive electrode connected only to the positive internal electrode and a negative electrode connected only to the negative internal electrode
- An actuator is disclosed, and a pair of external lead wires are respectively connected to the pair of positive and negative external electrodes, and both ends of the piezoelectric ceramic portion in the stacking direction are in a driven portion such as a machining apparatus.
- the support part and the driven part are respectively fixed by being bonded with an epoxy resin or the like.
- the SIDM 100 shown in FIG. 9A has, for example, an epoxy-based heat or the like on the surface of one end of the vibration member 102 or the surface of one end of the piezoelectric element 101 as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the curable adhesive 104 is applied, one end portion of the vibration member 102 and one end portion of the piezoelectric element 101 are bonded, and the one end surface of the support member 103 or the other end surface of the piezoelectric element 101 is bonded.
- the adhesive 104 is applied, the one end portion of the support member 103 and the other end portion of the piezoelectric element 101 are bonded to each other and subjected to heat treatment.
- the adhesive 104 is thermally cured by this heat treatment, whereby the vibration member 102 and the support member 103 are fixed to the piezoelectric element 101 with the adhesive 104, and the SIDM 100 is manufactured.
- a phenomenon called bleed out (epoxy bleed out) in which an uncured portion of the adhesive 104 (uncured adhesive 104a) flows occurs.
- the amount of the adhesive 104 applied to the external electrode 101c provided on the side surface of the piezoelectric element 101 depends on the size of the piezoelectric element 101, the vibration member 102, and the support member 103.
- the cured adhesive 104a may flow out, and further cover the exposed surface of the external electrode 101c as shown in FIG.
- a pair of lead wires In order to supply electric energy to the piezoelectric element 101, a pair of lead wires must be connected to the pair of external electrodes 101c and 101c, respectively, as in the piezoelectric ceramic actuator disclosed in Patent Document 1. If the exposed surface of the external electrode 101c is covered with the uncured adhesive 104a due to such bleed out, it becomes difficult to electrically connect the lead wire and the external electrode 101c. In general, the lead wire and the external electrode 101 are electrically connected by solder. However, if the entire exposed surface of the external electrode 101c is partially covered even if it is not completely covered by the uncured adhesive 104a. In addition, the exposed area for soldering in the external electrode 101c may be reduced, resulting in poor connection.
- the piezoelectric ceramic actuator disclosed in Patent Document 1 As described above, after connecting the pair of external lead wires to the pair of positive and negative external electrodes, both ends of the piezoelectric ceramic portion in the stacking direction are Since the support part and the driven part in the driven part of the machining apparatus or the like are respectively bonded and fixed with an epoxy resin or the like, the above-described disadvantage does not occur. Further, the piezoelectric ceramic actuator disclosed in Patent Document 1 assumes a piezoelectric ceramic portion having a cross-sectional dimension of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm and a length of 70 mm, and a sufficient soldering area is ensured.
- SIDM100 is required to be downsized along with downsizing, lightening, and power saving of the device in which it is incorporated.
- downsized sufficient area for soldering considering bleed out is secured. It becomes difficult to do.
- the length of piezoelectric element 101 in SIDM 100 is about several millimeters or about 1 mm.
- the area of soldering is originally small. For this reason, the reduction in the area of the exposed surface of the external electrode 101c due to this bleed out is a serious problem.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to suppress a decrease in the exposed area for soldering of the external electrode due to the flow of the adhesive, and to connect the power supply member in the external electrode. It is an object to provide an electromechanical conversion element capable of ensuring an area more reliably and a driving device using the electromechanical conversion element.
- An electromechanical conversion element and a driving device are stepped portions formed on each of a pair of external electrodes formed on an outer peripheral surface of a laminate including a plurality of piezoelectric layers, and a power supply member for power supply A step portion having a height difference is provided between the boundary of the connection region for connection to the end of the laminate. Therefore, the electromechanical conversion element and the driving device having such a configuration suppress the inflow of the adhesive into the connection region by damming with the step portion even when the adhesive flows out onto the external electrode. Therefore, a decrease in the exposed area for soldering of the external electrode due to the flow of the adhesive can be suppressed, and the connection area of the power supply member in the external electrode can be ensured more reliably.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a drive device according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an electromechanical conversion element portion in the drive device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2A shows an external electrode of the electromechanical transducer
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a state of bleeding out of the adhesive.
- FIG. 3A shows an external electrode of the electromechanical transducer
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- the driving device S of the embodiment includes an electromechanical conversion element 1, a vibration member 2, and a support member 3.
- the electromechanical conversion element 1 is an element that converts input electric energy into mechanical motion, and is, for example, the piezoelectric element 1 that converts input electric energy into mechanical expansion and contraction motion by a piezoelectric effect.
- a piezoelectric element 1 as the electromechanical conversion element 1 includes, for example, a laminate 10 in which a plurality of piezoelectric layers 10a made of a piezoelectric material and a plurality of conductive internal electrode layers 10b are alternately laminated, as shown in FIG. And a pair of external electrodes 11, 11 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the multilayer body 10 along the stacking direction and sequentially and alternately conducting with the internal electrode layers 10 a.
- piezoelectric material examples include so-called PZT, crystal, lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ), potassium niobate tantalate (K (Ta, Nb) O 3 ), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ). And inorganic piezoelectric materials such as strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ).
- the multilayer body 10 is a columnar body in which a plurality of piezoelectric layers 10a are stacked via internal electrode layers 10b between the piezoelectric layers 10a.
- Each internal electrode layer 10b has an edge portion at each edge. These are formed so as to face the outside alternately with a pair of outer peripheral surfaces facing each other along the stacking direction.
- the external electrode 11 is a laminated body, for example, by sputtering or vapor deposition of a conductive metal material such as gold, silver, or copper, or by screen printing of a conductive resin having conductivity dispersed in a metal filler, for example. 10 are formed in a layer (thin film) shape along a stacking direction on a pair of outer peripheral surfaces facing each other.
- the piezoelectric element 1 having such a configuration, when electric energy is supplied to the pair of external electrodes 11 and 11 by applying a predetermined voltage from the outside to the pair of external electrodes 11 and 11, the piezoelectric effect of each piezoelectric layer 10a.
- the stacked body 10 extends or contracts in the stacking direction.
- the vibrating member 2 is a columnar (axial) member fixed to one end of the laminated body 10 in the piezoelectric element 1.
- the material of the vibration member 2 for example, any material such as metal, resin, and carbon can be used.
- the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the vibration member 2 may be any shape such as a rectangle, a polygon, an ellipse, and a circle.
- the cross section is circular so that the relative movement along the longitudinal direction of the vibration member 2 can be easily performed.
- the support member 3 is a member that is fixed to the other end of the laminated body 10 in the piezoelectric element 1 and supports the piezoelectric element 1 and the vibration member 2 by holding them.
- the support member 3 can also use arbitrary materials, such as a metal and resin, for example.
- the support member 3 may hold its position by being fixed to a housing or the like of the device in which the drive device S is incorporated. However, when the position is substantially held by the inertial mass, the weight of the drive device S is supported. Function as.
- the support member 3 is preferably formed of a high-density material from the viewpoint of miniaturization.
- the support member 3 substantially holds the position in this way, when the laminated body 10 of the piezoelectric element 1 expands and contracts as described above, the piezoelectric element 1 has the other end fixed to the support member 3 as a substantially fixed end.
- the laminate 10 expands and contracts, and the expansion and contraction is transmitted to the vibration member 2, and the vibration member 2 reciprocates in conjunction with the expansion and contraction operation of the laminate 10 in the piezoelectric element 1.
- each of the pair of external electrodes 11 and 11 in the piezoelectric element 1 is assumed as a region for connection with a conductive power supply member for power supply, as shown in FIG.
- a step portion 21 having a height difference is formed between the boundary 11b of the connection region 11a and the end portion 10c of the stacked body 10 in the stacking direction.
- the height of the stepped portion 21 may be a predetermined height set in advance.
- the external electrode 11 is formed by sputtering, it can be formed relatively easily by the film forming method.
- the film is formed by screen printing, it is any value of about 1 to 50 ⁇ m that can be formed relatively easily by the film forming method.
- connection region 11a an approximate region with a predetermined area including a position where the power supply member is to be connected is assumed in advance, and a boundary 11b of the connection region 11a is a position where the power supply member is to be connected.
- a boundary 11b of the connection region 11a is a position where the power supply member is to be connected.
- such a stepped portion 21 is formed from the normal direction (direction orthogonal to the stacking direction) of the outer peripheral surface of the stacked body 10 where the external electrode 11 is formed.
- 11 when the external electrode 11 is viewed in plan, the end of the external electrode 11 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 is rectangular so that both ends in the width direction of the external electrode 11 are left with a predetermined width. It is provided by notching the shape.
- FIG. 2A in which a part of the external electrode 11 is cut out in a rectangular shape as described above, the outer peripheral surface of the multilayer body 10 is exposed, and the surface of the external electrode 11 is exposed from the outer peripheral surface of the multilayer body 10.
- the step portion 21 is formed with a height difference (the thickness of the external electrode 11 in the normal direction) to (the surface of the connection region 11a).
- the connection region 11 a of the external electrode 11 is higher than the outer peripheral surface of the stacked body 10 by the height difference of the step portion 21.
- the step portions 21 and 21 are formed between the boundary 11b of the connection region 11a and the one end 10c-1 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 and the boundary 11b of the connection region 11a. To the other end 10c-2 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10.
- these two stepped portions 21, 21 are end portions 10 c in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 when the external electrode 11 is viewed from the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the stacked body 10.
- the predetermined line PL is a line that is equidistant from both end portions 10 c-1 and 10 c-2 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 and passes through the center of gravity GP of the external electrode 11.
- the external electrode 11 having such a notch can be formed, for example, by performing sputtering or vapor deposition using an H-shaped mask. Further, for example, the external electrode 11 having such a notch can be formed by performing screen printing or the like in an H shape.
- this notch may have a coating with a thickness smaller than the thickness of the connection region 11a.
- the coating may be formed of the same material as the external electrode 11 or may be a different material. That is, for example, when the external electrode 11 is viewed from the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the laminate 10 where the external electrode 11 is formed, the stepped portion 21 has a predetermined width at both ends in the width direction of the external electrode 11. As shown in FIG. 5, a rectangular recess is formed at the end of the external electrode 11 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10.
- the vibration member 2 and the support member 3 are fixed by using the adhesive 4 on both end surfaces in the stacking direction of the piezoelectric element 1 including the pair of external electrodes 11 and 11 having the step portions 21 and 21, respectively.
- the adhesive 4 is applied to the surface of one end portion of the vibration member 2 or the surface of one end portion of the piezoelectric element 1
- the one end portion of the vibration member 2 and the one end of the piezoelectric element 1 are applied.
- the other end of the piezoelectric element 1 and the other end of the piezoelectric element 1 after the adhesive 4 is applied to the surface of one end of the support member 3 or the other end of the piezoelectric element 1. Are bonded (bonding process).
- the adhesive 4 is made of a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy-based resin
- a heat treatment is performed following the bonding step for thermosetting.
- the uncured adhesive 4a flows out on the outer peripheral surface of the laminate 10 of the piezoelectric element 1 or on the external electrode 11 as shown in FIG.
- the area of the external electrode 11 is reduced by the flow of the uncured adhesive 4a.
- the connection area of the power supply member in the external electrode 11 can be more reliably ensured.
- the configuration described in the present embodiment is more effective when the length in the stacking direction of the piezoelectric element 1 is about several millimeters. Furthermore, when the length of the piezoelectric element 1 in the stacking direction is about 1 mm, the configuration described in the present embodiment is even more effective.
- the step part 21 blocks the flow of the excessive adhesive 4a and suppresses the flow of the adhesive 4a into the bonding region 11a. A decrease in the area of the external electrode 11 due to the flow of the adhesive 4a can be suppressed, and the connection area of the power supply member in the external electrode 11 can be ensured more reliably.
- connection regions 11 a of the pair of external electrodes 11, 11 are connected to solder 31. Since the connection area of the power supply member in the external electrodes 11 and 11 is secured, a pair of power supply members (not shown) are more reliably connected to the connection regions 11a in the pair of external electrodes 11 and 11 than in the past. In addition, connection failures can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- the step portions 21 and 21 are two symmetrical with respect to the predetermined line PL. Therefore, the piezoelectric element 1 includes other members such as the vibration member 2 and the support member 3. When the members are bonded by the adhesive 4, the bonding process can be performed while ignoring the vertical direction in the stacking direction of the piezoelectric elements 1. Thus, since the said adhesion process can be performed, without managing the up-down direction in the lamination direction of the piezoelectric element 1, it is convenient on manufacture.
- the step portions 21 and 21 are two point-symmetric with respect to the center of gravity GP of the external electrode 11, so the piezoelectric element 1 includes, for example, the vibration member 2 and the support member 3.
- the bonding step can be performed ignoring the vertical direction in the stacking direction of the piezoelectric elements 1.
- the said adhesion process can be performed, without managing the up-down direction in the lamination direction of the piezoelectric element 1, it is convenient on manufacture.
- the piezoelectric layer 10a in which the cutout portion is formed also has this step. Electricity is supplied by the remaining portion of the external electrode 11, and a piezoelectric effect can be produced.
- the adhesive 4 in order to suppress the flow of the adhesive 4 into the bonding region 11a, it extends along the width direction of the external electrode 11 between the boundary 11b of the connection region 11a and the end portion 10c in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10. It is also conceivable to form a long projecting portion (bank portion) on the external electrode 11.
- the step portion 21 since the step portion 21 is provided as a part of the external electrode 11, the formation of the external electrode 11 and the formation of the step portion 21 can be realized in one step.
- the thickness of the convex portion affects the external accuracy of the piezoelectric element.
- the convex portion is formed by resin screen printing, the heat treatment of the adhesive 4 causes bleed out from the resin itself of the convex portion.
- the stepped portion 21 is provided by forming the external electrode 11 in an H shape when the external electrode 11 is viewed in a plan view. is not.
- it may be provided by forming the external electrode 11 in various shapes shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a first variation of the stepped portion.
- FIG. 4A shows a first configuration of the external electrode 11, and
- FIG. 4B shows a second configuration of the external electrode 11.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a second modification of the stepped portion.
- 5A shows a third configuration of the external electrode 11
- FIG. 5B shows a fourth configuration of the external electrode 11
- FIG. 5C shows a fifth configuration of the external electrode 11.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a third modification of the stepped portion.
- FIG. 6A shows a sixth configuration of the external electrode 11, and
- FIG. 6B shows a seventh configuration of the external electrode 11.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a fourth modification of the step portion, and shows an eighth configuration of the external electrode 11.
- the stepped portion 21 may be provided by cutting out the external electrode 11 formed in a substantially uniform thickness into a slit shape. More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 4A, the stepped portion 21 ⁇ / b> A is located at a predetermined distance from the end portion 10 c in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 when the external electrode 11 ⁇ / b> A is viewed in plan. In this position, the external electrode 11A is provided by cutting out the external electrode 11A in a rectangular shape elongated in the width direction extending from one end in the width direction of the external electrode 11A. Alternatively, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the stepped portion 21 ⁇ / b> B is externally positioned at a predetermined distance from the end portion 10 c in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 when the external electrode 11 ⁇ / b> B is viewed in plan view.
- the electrode 11B is provided by cutting out a rectangular opening that is long in the width direction (by forming a rectangular opening that is long in the width direction in the external electrode 11B).
- the step portions 21A, 21A; 21B, 21B are provided at one end 10c-1 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 from the boundary 11b of the connection region 11a.
- the two step portions 21A, 21A; 21B, 21B is line-symmetric with respect to a predetermined line PL parallel to the end portion 10c in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 when the external electrodes 11A and 11B are viewed in plan.
- the step portions 21C and 21D have one end in the width direction of the external electrodes 11C and 11D when the external electrodes 11C and 11D are viewed in plan view. Is provided by cutting out the end portions of the external electrodes 11C and 11D in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 into a rectangular shape so as to leave a predetermined width.
- the step portions 21C, 21C; 21D, 21D are provided at one end portion 10c ⁇ in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 from the boundary 11b of the connection region 11a. 1 and between the boundary 11 b of the connection region 11 a and the other end 10 c-2 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10.
- these two stepped portions 21C and 21C have end portions 10c (10c-1, 10c ⁇ ) in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 when the external electrode 11C is viewed in plan. It is line symmetric with respect to the predetermined line PL parallel to 2). That is, a portion having a predetermined width remaining when the rectangular shape is cut out from the external electrode 11C is at one end in the width direction of the external electrode 11C.
- these two step portions 21D and 21D are point-symmetric with respect to the center of gravity GP of the external electrode 11D when the external electrode 11D is viewed in plan.
- a portion having a predetermined width is present at one end 10c-1 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 at one end in the width direction of the external electrode 11D.
- the other end portion 10c-2 in the stacking direction of the body 10 is at the other end in the width direction of the external electrode 11D.
- stepped portions 21E there are two stepped portions 21E, and when the external electrode 11E is viewed in plan, a predetermined amount from one end 10c-1 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 is given.
- the external electrode 11E is provided by cutting out the external electrode 11E in a rectangular shape that is long in the width direction extending in the width direction from the other end in the width direction of the external electrode 11E at a position inside by the distance, and when the external electrode 11E is viewed in plan
- These two step portions 21E and 21E are point-symmetric with respect to the center of gravity GP of the external electrode 11E when the external electrode 11E is viewed in plan.
- two symmetrical step portions 21 and 21 are provided from the viewpoint of performing the bonding step without managing the vertical direction of the piezoelectric element 1, but for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
- one stepped portion 21 may be used.
- the stepped portions 21F and 21G have both end portions 10c-1 and 10c-2 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 when the external electrode 11E is viewed in plan.
- the external electrode 11 is provided at a substantially central position by cutting the slit 11 like a slit.
- the stepped portion 21F is provided by cutting out the external electrode 11F in a rectangular shape elongated in the width direction from one end in the width direction of the external electrode 11E.
- the external electrode 11G is provided by cutting out a rectangular opening that is long in the width direction (by forming a rectangular opening that is long in the width direction in the external electrode 11G). It is done.
- the stepped portion 21 ⁇ / b> H has a predetermined width in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 so that one end in the width direction of the external electrode 11 ⁇ / b> H is left with a predetermined width when the external electrode 11 ⁇ / b> H is viewed in plan.
- the end portion of the external electrode 11H is provided by cutting out a rectangular shape from one end portion 10c-1 in the stacking direction of the stacked body 10 to a substantially central position of both end portions 10c-1 and 10c-2.
- step portions 21 and 21A to 21H that move from the low surface to the high surface along the flow direction of such an adhesive (including the uncured adhesive) 4, the step portions 21 and 21A to 21H are dammed. Since the flow of the adhesive 4 into the bonding region 11a is suppressed, the decrease in the area of the external electrode due to the flow of the adhesive 4 can be suppressed, and the connection area of the power supply member in the external electrodes 11, 11A to 11H Can be ensured more reliably.
- the piezoelectric element 1 has a prismatic shape with a rectangular cross-sectional shape
- the piezoelectric element 1 has an arbitrary cross-sectional shape, for example, a polygonal columnar shape with a polygonal cross-sectional shape
- the cross-sectional shape may be a cylindrical shape with a circular shape, an elliptical column shape with a cross-sectional shape being an ellipse, or the like.
- Such a driving device S further includes a moving member that frictionally engages with the vibration member 2 so as to be relatively movable, so that the expansion / contraction operation of the piezoelectric element 1 is performed through the reciprocation of the vibration member 2. It can be converted into motion and can be incorporated into various mechanical devices. In particular, the piezoelectric element 1 can obtain a mechanical output larger than its volume, and therefore can be suitably incorporated in a small mechanical device.
- a case where the driving device S is incorporated in an optical system for driving a focus lens or a zoom lens will be described.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a driving device incorporated in the optical system.
- the driving device SA includes a piezoelectric element 1 as an electromechanical conversion element 1, a vibrating member 2 fixed to one end of the piezoelectric element 1, and reciprocating in conjunction with the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element 1, and a piezoelectric element.
- a support member 3 that is fixed to the other end of the element 1 and supports the piezoelectric element 1 and the vibration member 2, and a moving member 51 that frictionally engages the vibration member 2 in a relatively movable manner.
- the piezoelectric element 1 is an element in which any one of the above-described external electrodes 11, 11A to 11H is formed, and includes any one of the step portions 21, 21A to 21H.
- FIG. 8 shows the piezoelectric element 1 in which the external electrode 11B is formed and provided with two step portions 21B and 21B.
- the pair of external electrodes 11, 11 of the piezoelectric element 1 have a pair of power supply members 41, 41 that are electrically conductive, such as lead wires and gold wires, for example, and supply power to the connection regions 11 a, 11 a with solder 31. , 31.
- the moving member 51 is a lens frame that holds a lens (including a lens group) 61 such as a focus lens or a zoom lens of the optical system.
- a driving device SA when a predetermined voltage is applied from the outside to the pair of external electrodes 11 and 11 via the pair of power supply members 41 and 41, the piezoelectric element 1 expands and contracts and interlocks with the expansion and contraction operation.
- the vibrating member 2 reciprocates.
- the moving member 51 moves along the longitudinal direction of the vibrating member 2 by the reciprocating motion of the vibrating member 2. More specifically, when the piezoelectric element 1 expands and contracts relatively slowly, the vibration member 2 also moves slowly, and the moving member 51 moves together with the vibration member 2 while being frictionally engaged with the vibration member 2.
- the vibration member 2 when the piezoelectric element 1 expands and contracts relatively steeply, the vibration member 2 also moves steeply, and the moving member 51 slides and displaces with respect to the vibration member 2 in an attempt to stay in place by its inertial mass.
- Such an operation is performed by, for example, inputting a sawtooth waveform voltage to the piezoelectric element 1 to cause asymmetric vibration in the vibration member, or inputting a rectangular waveform pulse voltage to the piezoelectric element 1. This is performed by generating asymmetric vibration in the vibration member with the frequency characteristics of the piezoelectric element 1.
- the lens 61 is a focus lens, for example, and zooming is performed when the lens 61 is a zoom lens, for example.
- an image sensor such as a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor that converts an optical image into an electrical signal
- the optical system can An optical image of the object is formed on the light receiving surface, and photographing is performed.
- An electromechanical transducer is formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric layers made of a piezoelectric material and conductive internal electrode layers alternately, and on the outer peripheral surface of the laminate along the stacking direction.
- An electromechanical conversion element comprising a pair of external electrodes that are sequentially and alternately connected to the internal electrode layer, and an adhesive portion for adhering a predetermined member to an end portion in the stacking direction of the stacked body
- Each of the pair of external electrodes has a connection region for connection to a conductive power supply member for power supply, and the end of the stack in the stacking direction from the boundary of the connection region A stepped portion having a height difference is formed between the portions.
- the stepped portion is between the boundary of the connection region and one end in the stacking direction of the stacked body, and for the connection. Between the boundary of the region and the other end in the stacking direction of the stacked body, the two stepped portions are viewed from the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the stacked body.
- the laminated body is line-symmetric with respect to a predetermined line parallel to the end portion in the stacking direction.
- the two step portions are symmetrical with respect to the predetermined line. Therefore, when another member is bonded to the electromechanical conversion element with an adhesive, the step of the electromechanical conversion element is This bonding step can be performed ignoring the vertical direction in the stacking direction. Thus, since this adhesion process can be performed without managing the up-and-down direction in the laminating direction of the electromechanical conversion element, it is convenient in manufacturing.
- the stepped portion is between the boundary of the connection region and one end in the stacking direction of the stacked body, and for the connection. Between the boundary of the region and the other end in the stacking direction of the stacked body, the two stepped portions are viewed from the normal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the stacked body. In this case, it is point-symmetric with respect to the center of gravity of the external electrode.
- the electromechanical conversion is performed when another member is bonded to the electromechanical conversion element with the adhesive.
- This bonding step can be performed ignoring the vertical direction in the stacking direction of the elements.
- this adhesion process can be performed without managing the up-and-down direction in the laminating direction of the electromechanical conversion element, it is convenient in manufacturing.
- the stepped portion is a notch portion of the external electrode.
- the step portion can be provided by cutting out the external electrode.
- the length in one predetermined direction is preferably about 1 mm.
- the step difference in height is about 200 to 600 nm.
- the external electrode can be formed relatively easily by sputtering.
- the step difference in height is about 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the external electrode can be formed relatively easily by screen printing.
- the electromechanical conversion element further includes a pair of power supply members that are electrically conductive and for power supply, and the pair of power supply members are provided in the pair of external electrodes. It is connected to each connection area by solder.
- an electromechanical conversion element in which the pair of power supply members are connected to the pair of external electrodes by soldering.
- the driving device includes an electromechanical conversion element and a vibration member that is fixed to one end of the electromechanical conversion element with an adhesive and reciprocates in conjunction with the expansion and contraction operation of the electromechanical conversion element. And a moving member that frictionally engages the vibration member so as to be relatively movable, wherein the electromechanical conversion element is any one of the above-described electromechanical conversion elements.
- the driving device having such a configuration since any of the above-described electromechanical conversion elements is used, the connection failure of the power feeding member to the external electrode is reduced, and the yield of the driving device is improved.
- the driving device includes an electromechanical conversion element and a vibration member that is fixed to one end of the electromechanical conversion element with an adhesive and reciprocates in conjunction with the expansion and contraction operation of the electromechanical conversion element.
- a support member that is fixed to the other end of the electromechanical conversion element with an adhesive, and that supports the electromechanical conversion element and the vibration member; and a moving member that frictionally engages the vibration member in a relatively movable manner.
- the electromechanical conversion element is any one of the above-described electromechanical conversion elements.
- the driving device having such a configuration since any of the above-described electromechanical conversion elements is used, the connection failure of the power feeding member to the external electrode is reduced, and the yield of the driving device is improved.
- an electromechanical conversion element that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy and a drive device using the electromechanical conversion element.
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 圧電材料から成る圧電層と導電性を有する内部電極層とを交互に複数積層して成る積層体と、
前記積層体の外周面に積層方向に沿って形成され、前記内部電極層と順次交互に導通される一対の外部電極とを備える電気機械変換素子であって、
前記積層体における前記積層方向の端部に、所定の部材を接着するための接着部をさらに備え、
前記一対の外部電極のそれぞれは、給電のための導電性の給電部材と接続するための接続用領域を有し、前記接続用領域の境界から前記積層体の前記積層方向の端部までの間に高低差のある段差部が形成されていること
を特徴とする電気機械変換素子。 - 前記段差部は、前記接続用領域の境界から前記積層体の前記積層方向の一方端部までの間と、前記接続用領域の境界から前記積層体の前記積層方向の他方端部までの間との2個であり、
前記2個の段差部は、前記積層体の外周面の法線方向から前記外部電極を見た場合に、前記積層体の前記積層方向の端部に平行な所定の線に対し、線対称であること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 前記段差部は、前記接続用領域の境界から前記積層体の前記積層方向の一方端部までの間と、前記接続用領域の境界から前記積層体の前記積層方向の他方端部までの間との2個であり、
前記2個の段差部は、前記積層体の外周面の法線方向から前記外部電極を見た場合に、前記外部電極の重心点に対し、点対称であること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 前記段差部は、前記外部電極の切り欠き部であること
を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 所定の一方向における長さが1mm程度であること
を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 前記段差部の高低差は、約200~600nmであること
を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 前記段差部の高低差は、約1~50μmであること
を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 導電性であって給電のための一対の給電部材をさらに備え、
前記一対の給電部材は、前記一対の外部電極における各接続用領域にハンダによって接続されていること
を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の電気機械変換素子。 - 電気機械変換素子と、
前記電気機械変換素子の一方端部に接着剤で固定され、前記電気機械変換素子の伸縮動作に連動して往復動する振動部材と、
前記振動部材に相対移動可能に摩擦係合する移動部材とを備える駆動装置であって、
前記電気機械変換素子は、請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の電気機械変換素子であること
を特徴とする駆動装置。 - 電気機械変換素子と、
前記電気機械変換素子の一方端部に接着剤で固定され、前記電気機械変換素子の伸縮動作に連動して往復動する振動部材と、
前記電気機械変換素子の他方端部に接着剤で固定され、前記電気機械変換素子と前記振動部材を支持する支持部材と、
前記振動部材に相対移動可能に摩擦係合する移動部材とを備える駆動装置であって、
前記電気機械変換素子は、請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の電気機械変換素子であること
を特徴とする駆動装置。
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JP2011547276A JPWO2011077660A1 (ja) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-13 | 電気機械変換素子および駆動装置 |
CN2010800573925A CN102714473A (zh) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-13 | 机电转换元件和驱动装置 |
US13/518,063 US20120267987A1 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-13 | Electromechanical conversion element and drive device |
KR1020127018690A KR101359243B1 (ko) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-13 | 전기 기계 변환 소자 및 구동 장치 |
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JP (1) | JPWO2011077660A1 (ja) |
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Cited By (10)
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CN103105250A (zh) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-15 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | 传感器元件、力检测装置以及机器人 |
JP5572844B1 (ja) * | 2013-09-05 | 2014-08-20 | 新シコー科技株式会社 | 振動装置、振動装置を用いた電子機器及び身体装着品 |
JP5628899B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-31 | 2014-11-19 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 電子装置 |
JP2015008300A (ja) * | 2014-07-29 | 2015-01-15 | Tdk株式会社 | レンズ駆動装置 |
CN104438029A (zh) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州科技学院 | 一种单激励超声椭圆振动微细加工工作平台 |
CN104438028A (zh) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州科技学院 | 一种单激励超声椭圆振动换能器 |
JP2015179808A (ja) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-10-08 | Tdk株式会社 | 圧電素子ユニットおよび駆動装置 |
US9601683B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2017-03-21 | Tdk Corporation | Unit of piezoelectric element |
JP2017188628A (ja) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-12 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 圧電素子、その製造方法および圧電アクチュエータ |
JP2020057731A (ja) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-09 | Tdk株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエータおよび圧電駆動装置 |
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- 2010-12-13 US US13/518,063 patent/US20120267987A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN103105250A (zh) * | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-15 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | 传感器元件、力检测装置以及机器人 |
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JP2017188628A (ja) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-12 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 圧電素子、その製造方法および圧電アクチュエータ |
JP2020057731A (ja) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-09 | Tdk株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエータおよび圧電駆動装置 |
JP7172401B2 (ja) | 2018-10-04 | 2022-11-16 | Tdk株式会社 | 圧電アクチュエータおよび圧電駆動装置 |
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US20120267987A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 |
CN102714473A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
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