Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
  • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
  • C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
  • C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
  • C21B13/0013—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state introduction of iron oxide into a bath of molten iron containing a carbon reductant
  • C21B13/002—Reduction of iron ores by passing through a heated column of carbon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
  • C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/20—Increasing the gas reduction potential of recycled exhaust gases
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
  • C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/64—Controlling the physical properties of the gas, e.g. pressure or temperature
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
  • C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
  • C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
  • Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for providing reducing gas for iron ore reduction by cooling and dry dedusting in one
• Melt carburetor for producing pig iron produced generator gas and an apparatus for performing the method.
• the reducing gas required produced so-called producer gas is provided from a gasifier by gasification of carbon carriers in the presence of oxygen and prereduced iron carriers.
• the generator gas is too dust-laden for use as a reducing gas in a reduction reactor, and has a temperature which is above a favorable temperature range for its use for the reduction of iron ore.
• the temperature of the generator gas is not constant, but varies due to pressure surges in the melter gasifier in the range of up to ⁇ 50 ° C to an average value of about 1030 ° C to 1070 ° C.
• the generator gas In order to be used as a reducing gas in a reduction reactor, therefore, the generator gas must be dedusted and cooled. In the context of this application, generator gas is only used after dedusting and cooling as a reducing gas
• cooling does not include a temperature reduction, which occurs as heat loss when flowing through conduits.
• Cooling of the generator gas is achieved in that a partial amount of the emerging from the cyclone reducing gas in a scrubber wet dusted and cooled and after subsequent compression of the generator gas as a so-called cooling gas before Dry dedusting is supplied.
• a dedusted and cooled so-called reducing gas exits from the cyclone.
• Reduction gas removed energy is dissipated unused with the wash water and further discharged through cooling towers to the environment.
• This object is achieved by a method for providing reducing gas for iron ore reduction by cooling and dry dedusting of in one
• melter gasifier generator gas and reducing gas are like
• Iron carrier completely reduced and melted the resulting pig iron.
• Carbon dioxide C0 2 , water vapor H 2 0 and nitrogen N 2 - consists mainly of reducing components such as carbon monoxide CO, hydrogen H 2 and methane CH 4 , as in the prior art, a dry dust and subjected to cooling.
• the generator gas is after its discharge from the
• Cooling gas circuit according to the prior art omitted.
• the cooling takes place before the dry dedusting, in order to achieve a cooling of the particles of the dust and the thermal load of the device for
• Temperature is to be seen in connection with industrial systems for iron ore reduction and their operation and therefore does not exclude small deviations from a desired temperature value.
• Cooling only by injection of water would provide a reducing gas by evaporation of water and reaction of steam with carbon monoxide, which compared to the process of the invention a much higher
• the degree of oxidation is defined by the ratio
• the heat exchange takes place with at least one liquid heat exchange medium.
• a liquid heat exchange medium A liquid
• Heat exchange medium is used to control the surface temperature of the
• Heat exchanger can reliably keep below 450 ° C. Cooling by gas or steam, in contrast, has the disadvantage that the heat transfer coefficient would be lower and therefore an increased risk of higher surface temperatures of the heat exchanger would result. A surface temperature of the heat exchanger below 450 ° C is preferred to reduce the risk of metal dusting corrosion
• the liquid heat exchange medium is, for example, water, which is optionally under pressure and optionally also specially treated - for example demineralized or desalted water - or thermal oil, for example prepared from synthetic oils or organic oils.
• water which is optionally under pressure and optionally also specially treated - for example demineralized or desalted water - or thermal oil, for example prepared from synthetic oils or organic oils.
• thermal oil for example prepared from synthetic oils or organic oils.
• Thermool THERMINOL ® 66 used.
• the great advantage of Thermool over water is the much higher boiling point, which can be at temperatures of over 300 ° C. Furthermore, the use of
• Thermool apparatus easier to deal with, since it is generally used under atmospheric pressure and therefore the systems, unlike water-bearing systems need not be designed for an overpressure. Water is often used under an overpressure standing, which is why the equipment must be designed more stable. Of course, according to the invention, however, Thermool can also be used under excess pressure.
• the drawback to water is the need to couple the heat gained through Thermool to another product medium if the heat is to be used. Furthermore, Thermool generally has a lower heat capacity than water and the heat of vaporization in saturated steam mode can not be used.
• the water injection can take place before, during or after the heat exchange.
• the injection of water takes place before and / or during the heat exchange. In this way, before the dry dedusting easier a sufficient
• Evaporation section provided for injected water and a
• Temperature equalization of the generator gas stream can be achieved. Especially in the case of the arrangement of the water injection before and / or during the heat exchange, it is advantageous
• the maximum temperature of which is lower than the lowest temperature at which metal dusting corrosion occurs by reaction with generator gas on the material of the heat exchange apparatus, preferably less than 450 ° C, more preferably 150 ° C.
• the flow temperature is within a temperature range of 100 ° C to 150 ° C. This is because at a water injection before and / or during the heat exchange, the water vapor content of the generator gas increases, and therefore the surfaces of the device for heat exchange should have temperatures that reliably prevent condensation of water vapor. Such condensation brings with it the risk of the formation of undesired packaging of dust carried in the generator gas. At a minimum temperature of 70 ° C, preferably 100 ° C, the risk of condensation is largely eliminated.
• the maximum temperature should be less than the lowest temperature at which metal dusting corrosion occurs by reaction with generator gas on the material of the heat exchange device, preferably less than 450 ° C, to reduce the risk of metal dusting corrosion common to materials for devices for
• Heat exchange typically in the range of about 450 ° C - 900 ° C occurs to avoid by excessive surface temperatures in the device for heat exchange.
• the water injection is regulated according to the temperature of the generator gas after the heat exchange.
• the injection of water is regulated according to the temperature of the reducing gas carried out from the dry dedusting. In this way, it is possible to respond promptly to changes in the temperature of the reducing gas.
• the temperature which is used to control the Wassereindüsung, a temperature of the generator gas - or the
• Reduction gas - be after water injection.
• this regulation takes place with the inclusion of information about the heat exchange - in addition to the cooling through
• Cooling capacity of the heat exchange allows.
• a temperature of the generator gas - or the reducing gas - should be after heat exchange.
• a certain basic amount of heat energy is removed from the generator gas by means of heat exchange, and in addition to amounts of heat to be withdrawn are extracted by water injection. Due to variations in the generator gas temperature, these additional amounts of heat vary over time. The water injection allows a simpler and faster
• a further advantage of the present invention is that the water injection by a
• Correspondingly converted coal dust from the generator gas then does not have to be separated off during dry dedusting - which relieves the dry dedusting device - and contributes to the reducing capacity of the reducing gas.
• Another object of the present invention is a device for
• melter gasifier for generating generator gas by gasification of carbon carriers in the presence of oxygen and prereduced iron carriers, wherein melter gasifier and reduction reactor are connected by a gas line in which a dry dedusting apparatus is present, characterized in that in the gas line between the melter gasifier and the
• the reduction reactor for the reduction of iron ore for example, a
• Reduction reactor iron ore is at least partially reduced by means of a reducing gas.
• melter gasifier in a melter gasifier, as it is known for example from COREX ® ® or FINEX, producer gas is generated.
• Meltdown gasifier and reduction reactor are connected by a gas line.
• a remedyentstaubungsvornchtung for example, a cyclone or ceramic hot gas filter, is present, through which the deducted from the melter gasifier in the gas line generator gas is dedusted.
• both a device for water injection and a device for heat exchange are present in the gas line.
• the generator gas fed into the gas line from the melter gasifier flows in the direction of the reduction reactor. It passes through both the device for
• the emerging from thezelentstaubungsvornchtung gas which is cooled to a favorable for the implementation of the reduction in the reduction reactor temperature and dedusted, is referred to in the context of this application as a reducing gas.
• the reducing gas is fed via the gas line to the reduction reactor.
• the device for water injection for example, consist of one to three water nozzles per generator gas line.
• the water nozzles are preferably
• Two-fluid nozzles which use water with nitrogen or steam or process gas
• Atomize atomizing gas As a result, the droplet size is kept low, which is a short evaporation distance for evaporation of the injected water in the
• a typical COREX ® or FINEX ® system has 4 generator gas lines.
• the heat exchangers can be operated as water pre-heaters or as water evaporators.
• An operation as a superheater would be disadvantageous in general, because in this case a poor heat transfer from the heat exchanger to the heat exchange medium steam due to consequently present higher surface temperatures of the
• Heat exchanger metal dusting would allow corrosion. However, if the material of the heat exchangers is resistant to metal dusting corrosion under the conditions of operation as a superheater, it may be used as a super heater or gas-gas heat exchanger.
• the device for heat exchange several, with respect
• the device for heat exchange is designed as a cooling jacket heat exchanger. It preferably has a smooth surface on the inside and has no internals on the inside. This serves to largely avoid problems such as packing and dust abrasion.
• the device for exchanging heat can be arranged, for example, within a pipeline for guiding generator gas. But you can also make this pipeline yourself.
• Pipelines for the guidance of generator gas generally have a generator gas facing layer of anti-wear masonry to protect against wear by the hot gas generator and its dust load, which is surrounded to the outside by a layer of insulating masonry for thermal insulation. If the device for heat exchange within a pipeline for guiding generator gas.
• Generator gas is arranged, it is mounted in place of the anti-wear masonry. Preferably, it is movably mounted within the insulating brickwork; For example, a distance can be left between the device for heat exchange and the insulating masonry, which is sealed by sealing, such as silicone sheathed ceramic sealing cords, against ingress of gases.
• the supply lines and discharges for heat exchange medium are preferred.
• Compensators provided to stress and material fractures in the area of the entry or exit of the leads and outlets in the surface for heat exchange providing part of the device for heat exchange due
• Heat exchange can be operated as a preheater for heat exchange medium and / or as an evaporator for heat exchange medium.
• the device for exchanging heat is provided with a feed line for liquid heat exchange medium, preferably water or thermal oil.
• the water injection device may be arranged between the melter gasifier and the heat exchange device, in the heat exchange device, or between the heat exchange device and the dry dust removal device.
• the device for water injection between the melter gasifier and the - seen in the flow direction of the generator gas - end of the device is arranged for heat exchange.
• the device for water injection is arranged in the device for heat exchange.
• melter gasifier and the - in
• Heat exchange arranged The actual chosen location where the water injection device is placed depends, for example, on where in a given device
• FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for iron ore reduction by means of one of
• FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention which is analogous to FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a section through a gas line section which carries a generator gas and is provided with a cooling jacket heat exchanger.
• Embodiments Figure 1 shows an apparatus for performing a method for providing a reducing gas for iron ore smelting reduction by cooling and dry dust generated in a melter gasifier for producing pig iron generator gas according to the prior art according to the COREX ® process.
• a reduction reactor 1 in this case a fixed bed reactor, iron ore 2 is input and reduced by a reducing gas.
• carbon carrier 4 in the reduction reactor in the reduction of iron ore obtained prereduced iron carrier 5, and oxygen 6 are introduced.
• the pig iron obtained from the prereduced iron carrier 5 in the melter gasifier 3 by its complete reduction is melted down and can be tapped from the melter gasifier 3.
• the gas line section 7a of the gas line carries generator gas.
• Dry dedusting device 8 here a cyclone, reduced.
• cyclone a cyclone
• Dry dedusting device 8 fed. As a result, the temperature of the generator gas entering the dry dedusting device 8 is reduced
• reducing gas exits the dry dedusting device 8 according to the definition of the present application. Accordingly, in the gas line section 7a generator gas is guided, and in the gas line section 7b reducing gas.
• the gas line consists of the two gas line sections 7a and 7b. Exiting from the reduction reactor 1 top gas is treated after washing in the scrubber 10 together with a subset of the scrubber 9
• Reduction gas supplied as export gas 1 1 other consumers such as power plants or pelleting plants as energy sources.
• cooling gas circulation The device parts which are used for wet scrubbing, compression and feeding of wet-scrubbed, compressed reducing gas into the generator gas are referred to as cooling gas circulation.
• FIG. 2 shows a device according to the invention comparable to FIG. Comparable parts of the device are provided with the same reference numerals as in Figure 1.
• no cooling gas circuit with a scrubber 9 and a compressor is present.
• the generator gas instead of the melter gasifier and the dry dedusting device 8, in this case a cyclone, there are both a device for injecting water 12 and a device for exchanging heat 13 in the gas line.
• the device for heat exchange 13 is provided with a supply line for liquid
• Heat exchange medium 14 in this case pressurized water provided.
• the Apparatus for heat exchange 13 is designed as a cooling jacket heat exchanger, wherein the cooling jacket heat exchanger, a spiral guide for the heat exchange medium - the pressurized water - has.
• the water injection device 12 is disposed between the melter gasifier and the heat exchange device 13.
• the water injection is regulated according to the temperature of the reducing gas carried out from the dry dedusting.
• a valve 15 and a temperature sensor 16 are connected to one another at the gas line section 7b via a control device 17.
• Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a section through a part of
• Gas line section 7 a which is provided with a cooling jacket heat exchanger 18 as a device for heat exchange 13.
• the cooling jacket heat exchanger 18 is provided with a spiral guide for the heat exchange medium, which are indicated by dashed lines within the cooling jacket heat exchanger 18.
• Cooling jacket heat exchanger is disposed within the pipeline for guiding generator gas 19 of the gas line section 7a.
• the pipeline to the leadership of
• Generator gas 19 has in the sections without cooling jacket heat exchanger to the generator gas 20, which is shown by corrugated arrows in the flow direction, facing layer of wear protection masonry 21 to protect against wear by the hot gas generator and its dust load on the outside of a layer of insulating brickwork 22 surrounded by thermal insulation.
• Cooling jacket heat exchanger 18 is disposed within the pipeline for guiding generator gas 19, it is mounted in place of the anti-wear masonry 21.
• Insulating masonry 22 is left free, whereby the cooling jacket heat exchanger 18 is movably mounted within the insulating brickwork 22.
• the representation of existing seals of the gap 23 against the ingress of gases was omitted for reasons of clarity.
• the supply line 24 and discharge 25 for heat exchange medium in this case water - represented by dashed arrows - are provided with compensators, not shown, to avoid stresses and material fractures in the region of the inlet or the

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
• Industrial Gases (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-12-23 AT AT0203509A patent/AT509073B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2010
  • 2010-11-17 CA CA2785236A patent/CA2785236A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-11-17 EP EP10785380A patent/EP2516684A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-11-17 US US13/519,104 patent/US20120326363A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-11-17 BR BR112012017729A patent/BR112012017729A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-11-17 WO PCT/EP2010/067616 patent/WO2011076489A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-11-17 UA UAA201207651A patent/UA108218C2/ru unknown
  • 2010-11-17 KR KR1020127019011A patent/KR20120106986A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2010-11-17 CN CN201080058809.XA patent/CN102656284B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-11-17 JP JP2012545186A patent/JP5868870B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-11-17 IN IN5133DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN05133A/en unknown
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