WO2011065167A1 - 距離センサ及び距離画像センサ - Google Patents
距離センサ及び距離画像センサ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011065167A1 WO2011065167A1 PCT/JP2010/068903 JP2010068903W WO2011065167A1 WO 2011065167 A1 WO2011065167 A1 WO 2011065167A1 JP 2010068903 W JP2010068903 W JP 2010068903W WO 2011065167 A1 WO2011065167 A1 WO 2011065167A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
- G01S7/4863—Detector arrays, e.g. charge-transfer gates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/022—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by means of tv-camera scanning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/894—3D imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a 2D array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
- G01S11/12—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14603—Special geometry or disposition of pixel-elements, address-lines or gate-electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a distance sensor and a distance image sensor.
- a conventional active optical distance measuring sensor irradiates light from a light source for light projection such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode), and detects light reflected from the object with a light detection element. It is known to output a signal corresponding to the distance up to.
- the PSD Position Sensitive Detector
- the PSD is known as an optical triangulation type optical distance measuring sensor that can easily measure the distance to an object.
- TOF Time-Of-Flight
- Image sensors that can acquire distance information and image information at the same time on the same chip are required for in-vehicle use and factory automatic manufacturing systems. If an image sensor is installed in front of the vehicle, it is expected to be used for detection / recognition of the vehicle ahead and detection / recognition of pedestrians. Apart from image information, an image sensor that acquires a distance image composed of a single distance information or a plurality of distance information is also expected. It is preferable to use the TOF method for such a distance measuring sensor.
- the TOF method emits pulsed light from a light source for projection toward an object, and detects the pulsed light reflected by the object with a light detection element, thereby making the time difference between the emission timing of the pulsed light and the detection timing. Is measuring.
- the time difference ( ⁇ t) can be rephrased as the phase difference between the emission pulse from the light source and the detection pulse. If this phase difference is detected, the distance d to the object can be obtained.
- the charge distribution type image sensor has attracted attention as a light detection element for performing distance measurement by the TOF method. That is, in the charge distribution type image sensor, for example, the charge generated in the image sensor in response to the incident detection pulse is distributed in one potential well during the ON period of the outgoing pulse, and the other during the OFF period. Allocate to potential wells. In this case, the ratio of the amount of charge distributed to the left and right is proportional to the phase difference between the detection pulse and the emission pulse, that is, the time required for the pulsed light to fly at the speed of light over twice the distance to the object. .
- Various charge distribution methods are conceivable.
- Patent Document 1 as a charge distribution type distance sensor (distance image sensor), a semiconductor substrate, a photogate electrode that is provided on the surface of the semiconductor substrate and has two sides whose planar shapes face each other, and the surface A plurality of transfer electrodes respectively provided adjacent to the two sides of the photogate electrode on the upper side, and having a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate and flowing from a region immediately below the photogate electrode to a region immediately below each transfer electrode A semiconductor device having a plurality of semiconductor regions each storing charges is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 as a distance sensor (distance image sensor) of charge distribution method, a semiconductor substrate, a rectangular electrode provided on the semiconductor substrate via an insulator, and two opposite sides of the electrode are provided. Four electrode contacts provided on the electrode adjacent to each other, and four charges adjacent to the two sides of the electrode, having a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate, and storing charges flowing from a region immediately below the electrode, respectively. A collection diffusion region is disclosed.
- the depletion layer extending from the region immediately below the photogate electrode and the depletion layer extending from each semiconductor region When the depletion layer extending from the region immediately below the photogate electrode and the depletion layer extending from each semiconductor region are combined, the charge generated by the incidence of light may directly flow into each semiconductor region and cause crosstalk.
- a well region having the same conductivity type as that of the semiconductor substrate and having an impurity concentration higher than that of the semiconductor substrate may be provided so as to overlap with each semiconductor region. .
- the thickness of the depletion layer extending from the interface between the semiconductor region and the well region is suppressed, and the state where the depletion layer and the depletion layer extending from the region immediately below the photogate electrode are combined can be suppressed. Talk can be suppressed.
- a mask for forming each region is in a direction opposite to the transfer electrode (semiconductor region) (direction in which charge flows into the semiconductor region from a region immediately below the photogate electrode). ),
- the relative position between the semiconductor region and the well region is shifted in the opposite direction, and the semiconductor region and the well region overlap (hereinafter simply referred to as “overlapping region”).
- the width in the opposite direction is different. In this case, when the width in the facing direction of the region where the semiconductor region and the well region overlap with each other increases, a flat portion is formed in the slope of the potential toward the semiconductor region, which hinders the flow of charge.
- the potential gradient toward one semiconductor region is different from the potential gradient toward the other semiconductor region, and a difference occurs in the storage capacitance generated in each semiconductor region, so that the sensitivity to the charge transfer signal applied to each transfer electrode is reduced. Deviation occurs. In other words, it becomes impossible to properly distribute charges to a plurality of semiconductor regions.
- the charge distribution type distance sensor distance image sensor
- the time delay of the pulsed light incident on the sensor is detected based on the ratio of the distributed charge amount, the charge is appropriately applied to each semiconductor region. If it is not assigned to an error, an error occurs in the time delay to be detected.
- the present invention provides a distance capable of appropriately distributing charges generated in a region immediately below a photogate electrode to each semiconductor region even when a mask is misaligned when forming each semiconductor region and well region.
- An object is to provide a sensor and a distance image sensor.
- a distance sensor is provided on a semiconductor substrate, a photogate electrode provided on the surface of the semiconductor substrate and having a first side and a second side whose planar shapes face each other, and on the first side of the photogate electrode
- First and second semiconductor regions that are spaced apart from each other along the first side have a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate, and accumulates charges generated in a region immediately below the photogate electrode;
- On the second side of the photogate electrode they are spatially separated from each other along the second side and are opposed to the first and second semiconductor regions with the photogate electrode sandwiched in the opposing direction of the first and second sides.
- the third and fourth semiconductor regions that are different in conductivity type from the semiconductor substrate and store charges generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode, and have the same conductivity type as that of the semiconductor substrate.
- a semiconductor A charge transfer signal having a phase different from that of the well region having an impurity concentration higher than the impurity concentration of the plate and overlapping with each of the first to fourth semiconductor regions is provided, and the first and first charge transfer signals are provided on the surface.
- a first transfer electrode provided between each of the three semiconductor regions and the photogate electrode, and a second transfer electrode provided on the surface between each of the second and fourth semiconductor regions and the photogate electrode. .
- the first and second semiconductor regions are disposed on the first side of the photogate electrode, the first transfer electrode is provided between the photogate electrode and the first semiconductor region, A second transfer electrode to which a charge transfer signal having a phase different from that of the first transfer electrode is provided is provided between the photogate electrode and the second semiconductor region.
- Third and fourth semiconductor regions are disposed on the second side of the photogate electrode, the first transfer electrode is provided between the photogate electrode and the third semiconductor region, and the photogate electrode and the fourth semiconductor are provided. The second transfer electrode is provided between the regions.
- the first to fourth semiconductor regions and the well region are formed, if the masks for forming the respective regions are displaced in the opposing direction, as described above, the first to fourth semiconductor regions And the width of the overlapping region between the well region and the well region in the opposite direction is different.
- the first semiconductor region and the third semiconductor region to which charges are sent by the first transfer electrode are disposed on the first side and the second side of the photogate electrode. Therefore, when the width in the facing direction of the overlapping region between the first semiconductor region and the well region is narrowed, the width in the facing direction of the overlapping region between the third semiconductor region and the well region is widened.
- the second semiconductor region and the fourth semiconductor region to which charges are sent by the second transfer electrode are disposed on the first side and the second side of the photogate electrode. For this reason, when the charge transfer signal synchronized with each second transfer electrode is given and the charge generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode is transferred to the second and fourth semiconductor regions, the second and fourth semiconductors Even when a flat portion with a potential gradient toward one semiconductor region is formed, no flat portion is formed with a potential gradient toward the other semiconductor region. As a result, there is no problem in transferring charges to the other semiconductor region.
- the charge generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode is transferred to the first and third semiconductor regions.
- the region can be appropriately distributed to the second and fourth semiconductor regions. As a result, the amount of charge accumulated in the first and third semiconductor regions and the amount of charge accumulated in the second and fourth semiconductor regions are prevented from being unbalanced due to the displacement of the mask. be able to.
- a distance image sensor includes the distance sensor, a light source, a drive circuit that provides a pulse drive signal to the light source, and first and second transfer electrodes that transfer charges that are synchronized with the pulse drive signal and have different phases.
- a photogate having a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate is disposed on the first side of the photogate electrode along the first side and spatially separated from the first and second semiconductor regions.
- a fifth semiconductor region for accumulating charges generated in a region immediately below the electrode, and a space on the second side of the photogate electrode that is spatially separated from the third and fourth semiconductor regions along the second side and facing the second side A sixth semiconductor region disposed opposite to the fifth semiconductor region across the photogate electrode and having a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate and collecting charges generated in a region immediately below the photogate electrode;
- the well region is provided so as to overlap each of the fifth and sixth semiconductor regions, and a first transfer electrode is further provided on the surface between the fifth semiconductor region and the photogate electrode, and on the surface First Semiconductor region and may have a second transfer electrode is further provided between the photo gate electrode.
- the total length of the first transfer electrodes and the total length of the second transfer electrodes are the same on each of the first side and the second side.
- the charge amount accumulated in the first, third, and fifth semiconductor regions the charge amount accumulated in the first, third, and fifth semiconductor regions.
- the amount of charge accumulated in the second, fourth, and sixth semiconductor regions can be further suppressed from being unbalanced due to the displacement of the mask.
- a distance image sensor includes the distance sensor, a light source, a drive circuit that provides a pulse drive signal to the light source, and first and second transfer electrodes that transfer charges in phase different from each other in synchronization with the pulse drive signal.
- the planar shape of the photogate electrode further includes a third side and a fourth side facing each other, and spatially separated from each other along the third side on the third side of the photogate electrode.
- Seventh and eighth semiconductor regions that are disposed and have a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate and store generated charges in a region immediately below the photogate electrode, and the fourth side on the fourth side of the charge generation region Are spaced apart from each other and opposed to the seventh and eighth semiconductor regions across the photogate electrode in the opposing direction of the third and fourth sides, and have a conductivity type different from that of the semiconductor substrate.
- the charge generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode can be appropriately distributed to the seventh and ninth semiconductor regions and the eighth and tenth semiconductor regions.
- the amount of charge accumulated in the seventh and ninth semiconductor regions and the amount of charge accumulated in the eighth and tenth semiconductor regions are prevented from being unbalanced due to mask misalignment. be able to.
- the distance image sensor includes the distance sensor, a light source, a drive circuit that provides a pulse drive signal to the light source, and first to fourth transfer electrodes that transfer charges having different phases in synchronization with the pulse drive signal.
- a control circuit for supplying signals; and an arithmetic circuit for calculating a distance to the object from signals read from the first to fourth semiconductor regions and the seventh to tenth semiconductor regions.
- the present invention even when a mask is misaligned when forming each semiconductor region and well region, it is possible to appropriately distribute the charge generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode to each semiconductor region.
- Distance sensors and distance image sensors can be provided.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the line VV in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along the line VI-VI in FIG. 4.
- It is a figure which shows potential distribution in the surface vicinity of a semiconductor substrate.
- It is a figure which shows potential distribution in the surface vicinity of a semiconductor substrate.
- It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the structure of a pixel.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the distance measuring apparatus.
- the distance measuring device a distance image sensor 1, a light source 3 for emitting near-infrared light, a driving circuit 4 for giving a pulse drive signal S P to the light source 3, and a control circuit 2, the arithmetic circuit 5, the ing.
- the control circuit 2 includes first and second gate electrode included in each pixel of the range image sensor 1 (TX1, TX2: see FIG. 4), the pulsed driving signal S gate signal detection is synchronous with the P S 1, S 2 give.
- the arithmetic circuit 5 uses a signal d ′ (m, n) indicating distance information read from the first to fourth semiconductor regions (FD1 to FD4: see FIG. 4) of the distance image sensor 1 as an object such as a pedestrian.
- the distance to the object H is calculated.
- the distance in the horizontal direction D from the distance image sensor 1 to the object H is defined as d.
- the control circuit 2 is input to the pulse drive signal S P to the switch 4b of the driving circuit 4.
- a light projecting light source 3 comprising an LED or a laser diode is connected to a power source 4a via a switch 4b. Therefore, when the pulse drive signal S P is input to the switch 4b, a drive current having the same waveform as the pulse drive signal S P is supplied to the light source 3, the pulse light L P as a probe light for distance measurement from the light source 3 Is output.
- the pulse detection signal S D is outputted.
- the distance image sensor 1 is fixed on the wiring board 10. In the distance image sensor 1, a signal d ′ (m, n) having distance information is output from each pixel via a wiring on the wiring substrate 10.
- Pulse drive signal S P a square wave of period T, the high level "1", when the low level is "0", the voltage V (t) is given by the following equation.
- V (t) 0 (provided that (T / 2) ⁇ t ⁇ T)
- V (t + T) V (t)
- the waveforms of the detection gate signals S 1 and S 2 are square waves having a period T, and the voltage V (t) of the distance image sensor 1 is given by the following equation.
- V (t) 0 (provided that (T / 2) ⁇ t ⁇ T)
- V (t + T) V (t)
- V (t) 0 (provided that 0 ⁇ t ⁇ (T / 2))
- V (t) 1 (provided that (T / 2) ⁇ t ⁇ T)
- V (t + T) V (t)
- the pulse signal S P, S 1, S 2 , S D has all pulse period 2 ⁇ T P.
- Detection gate signal S 1 and the pulse detection signal S D are both the amount of charge generated by the distance image sensor within 1 when "1" Q1, the detection gate signal S 2 and the pulse detection signal S D are both "1" In this case, the amount of charge generated in the distance image sensor 1 is Q2.
- the phase difference between one detection gate signal S 1 and the pulse detection signal SD in the distance image sensor 1 is the distance in the overlap period when the other detection gate signal S 2 and the pulse detection signal SD are “1”. It is proportional to the amount of charge Q2 generated in the image sensor 1. That is, the charge amount Q2 is the charge amount for the period logical product of the detection gate signal S 2 and the pulse detection signal S D is "1".
- the pulse detection signal SD is delayed.
- the arithmetic circuit 5 can calculate the distance d.
- the above-described pulse is repeatedly emitted, and the integrated value can be output as the respective charge amounts Q1 and Q2.
- the ratio of the charge amounts Q1 and Q2 to the total charge amount corresponds to the above-described phase difference, that is, the distance to the object H.
- the arithmetic circuit 5 calculates the distance to the object H according to this phase difference.
- a coefficient ⁇ for correcting the latter is obtained in advance, and the product after shipping is obtained by multiplying the calculated distance d by the coefficient ⁇ .
- the calculation distance d may be used.
- the distance calculation can be performed after performing the calculation for correcting the light speed c.
- the relationship between the signal input to the arithmetic circuit and the actual distance may be stored in advance in the memory, and the distance may be calculated by a lookup table method.
- the calculation method can also be changed depending on the sensor structure, and a conventionally known calculation method can be used for this.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a cross-sectional configuration of the distance image sensor.
- the distance image sensor 1 includes a semiconductor substrate 1A.
- the semiconductor substrate 1A has a reinforcing frame portion F and a thin plate portion TF thinner than the frame portion F, and these are integrated.
- the thickness of the thin plate portion TF is 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the frame portion F in this example is 200 ⁇ m or more and 1000 ⁇ m or less.
- the entire semiconductor substrate 1A may be thinned.
- the range image sensor 1 a pulse light L D is made incident from the light incident surface 1BK.
- a surface 1FT opposite to the light incident surface 1BK of the distance image sensor 1 is connected to the wiring substrate 10 via an adhesion region AD.
- the adhesion region AD is a region including an adhesion element such as a bump electrode, and has an insulating adhesive or filler as necessary.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the distance image sensor.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 ⁇ / b> A has an imaging region 1 ⁇ / b> B composed of a plurality of pixels P (m, n) arranged two-dimensionally. From each pixel P (m, n), two charge amounts (Q1, Q2) are output as the signal d '(m, n) having the above-described distance information. Each pixel P (m, n) outputs a signal d '(m, n) corresponding to the distance to the object H as a minute distance measuring sensor. Therefore, if the reflected light from the object H is imaged on the imaging region 1B, a distance image of the object as a collection of distance information to each point on the object H can be obtained.
- One pixel P (m, n) functions as one distance sensor.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of the pixels of the distance image sensor.
- 5 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along line VV in FIG. 4
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration along line VI-VI in FIG.
- the distance image sensor 1 includes a light incident surface 1BK and a semiconductor substrate 1A having a surface 1FT opposite to the light incident surface 1BK, a photogate electrode PG, and first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2 (first and second gates). 2 transfer electrodes) and first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4.
- the photogate electrode PG is provided on the surface 1FT via the insulating layer 1E.
- the first and second gate electrodes TX1, TX2 are provided adjacent to the photogate electrode PG via the insulating layer 1E on the surface 1FT.
- the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 accumulate charges that flow into regions immediately below the gate electrodes TX1 and TX2.
- the semiconductor substrate 1A of the present embodiment is made of Si
- the insulating layer 1E is made of SiO 2.
- the semiconductor substrate 1A may be made of an epitaxial layer.
- the photogate electrode PG has a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the photogate electrode PG has a rectangular shape. That is, the photogate electrode PG has a planar shape having first and second long sides LS1, LS2 facing each other and first and second short sides SS1, SS2 facing each other.
- a region corresponding to the photogate electrode PG in the semiconductor substrate 1A (a region immediately below the photogate electrode PG) functions as a photosensitive region in which charges are generated according to incident light.
- the photogate electrode PG is made of polysilicon, but other materials may be used.
- the first and second semiconductor regions FD1, FD2 are arranged spatially separated from each other along the first long side LS1 on the first long side LS1 side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the third and fourth semiconductor regions FD3, FD4 are arranged spatially separated from each other along the second long side LS2 on the second long side LS2 side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the first semiconductor region FD1 and the fourth semiconductor region FD4 are opposed to the first and second long sides LS1 and LS2 (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “opposing directions”) with the photogate electrode PG interposed therebetween. Opposite.
- the first semiconductor region FD2 and the fourth semiconductor region FD3 are opposed to each other across the photogate electrode PG in the opposed direction.
- the first gate electrode TX1 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the first semiconductor region FD1.
- the second gate electrode TX2 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the second semiconductor region FD2.
- the first gate electrode TX1 is also provided between the photogate electrode PG and the third semiconductor region FD3.
- the second gate electrode TX2 is also provided between the photogate electrode PG and the fourth semiconductor region FD4.
- the first and second gate electrodes TX1, TX2 have a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the first and second gate electrodes TX1, TX2 have a rectangular shape in which the long side direction of the photogate electrode PG is the long side direction.
- the lengths of the first and second gate electrodes TX1, TX2 in the long side direction are set to be the same.
- the first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2 are made of polysilicon, but other materials may be used.
- the semiconductor substrate 1A is composed of a low impurity concentration P-type semiconductor substrate.
- the first to second semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 are floating diffusion regions made of a high impurity concentration N-type semiconductor.
- the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 are formed so as to overlap and be surrounded by the P-type well regions W1 to W4, respectively.
- the periphery of the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 is surrounded by well regions W1 to W4 having a higher concentration than the impurity concentration immediately below the substrate and the first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2.
- the well regions W1 to W4 suppress the coupling between the depletion layer expanded by applying a voltage to the photogate electrode PG and the depletion layer expanded from the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4.
- the thickness / impurity concentration of each semiconductor region is as follows.
- Semiconductor substrate 1A thickness 10 to 1000 ⁇ m / impurity concentration 1 ⁇ 10 12 to 10 15 cm ⁇ 3
- Well regions W1 to W4 thickness 0.5 to 5 ⁇ m / impurity concentration 1 ⁇ 10 16 to 10 18 cm ⁇ 3
- Semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 thickness 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m / impurity concentration 1 ⁇ 10 18 to 10 20 cm ⁇ 3
- the insulating layer 1E is provided with contact holes for exposing the surfaces of the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4.
- a conductor 11 for connecting the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 to the outside is disposed in the contact hole. In FIG. 4, the conductor 11 is not shown.
- Part of the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 is in contact with a region immediately below the gate electrodes TX1 and TX2 in the semiconductor substrate 1A.
- An antireflection film 1D is provided on the light incident surface 1BK side of the semiconductor substrate 1A.
- the material of the antireflection film 1D is SiO 2 or SiN.
- the wiring substrate 10 is electrically connected to the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4, the first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2, the photogate electrode PG, and the like through bump electrodes and the like in the adhesion region AD.
- a through electrode (not shown) is provided.
- the through electrode of the wiring board 10 is exposed on the back surface of the wiring board 10.
- a light-shielding layer (not shown) is formed on the surface of the insulating substrate constituting the wiring substrate 10 on the interface side with the adhesion region AD, so that the light transmitted through the distance image sensor 1 is prevented from entering the wiring substrate 10. is doing.
- the signal can be given to each electrode through each wiring, and the device is miniaturized.
- n-type semiconductor includes a positively ionized donor, has a positive potential, and attracts electrons.
- Pulse light L D from the object incident from the light incident surface (back surface) 1BK of the semiconductor substrate 1A leads to the region immediately below the photogate electrode PG provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate 1A.
- the charges generated in the semiconductor substrate 1A with the incidence of the pulsed light are distributed from the region immediately below the photogate electrode PG to the region immediately below the first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2 adjacent thereto.
- the detection gate signal S 1, S 2 in synchronization with the drive signal S P output light source to the first and second gate electrodes TX1, TX2, via the wiring board 10, given alternating, the photo gate electrode PG
- the charges generated in the region immediately below flow into the regions immediately below the first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2, respectively, and flow into the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 from these.
- the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3, or the ratio to the total charge of the second and fourth semiconductor region FD2, accumulated in the FD4 charge amount Q1, Q2 (Q1 + Q2), the light source drive signals S P This corresponds to the phase difference between the outgoing pulse light emitted by applying to the detection pulse light and the detection pulse light returned by reflecting the outgoing pulse light by the object H.
- the generation region of the charges generated in response to the incidence of near infrared light is closer to the surface 1FT on the opposite side than the light incident surface 1BK of the semiconductor substrate 1A. For this reason, even if the charge distribution speed is increased by increasing the frequency of the drive signals (detection gate signals S 1 and S 2 ) to the first and second gate electrodes TX 1 and TX 2 , many charges Flows from the region immediately below the photogate electrode PG into the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4. Then, the stored charges Q1 and Q2 can be read from these regions via the wiring (not shown) of the wiring board 10.
- the distance image sensor 1 includes a back gate semiconductor region for fixing the potential of the semiconductor substrate 1A to a reference potential.
- the back gate semiconductor region is a P-type semiconductor region containing a high concentration impurity and is provided in the well regions W1 to W4.
- a through electrode that has a P-type semiconductor layer such as a P-type diffusion region and is electrically connected may be provided.
- 7 and 8 are diagrams showing a potential distribution in the vicinity of the surface 1FT of the semiconductor substrate 1A for explaining the signal charge accumulation operation. 7 and 8, the downward direction is the positive direction of the potential. 7 and 8, (a) shows the potential distribution along the horizontal direction of the cross section in the horizontal direction of FIG. 7 and 8, (b) shows the potential distribution along the horizontal direction of the cross section in the horizontal direction of FIG.
- the potential ⁇ PG in the region immediately below the photogate electrode PG is set slightly higher than the substrate potential.
- Each figure shows a potential ⁇ TX1 in a region immediately below the first gate electrode TX1, a potential ⁇ TX2 in a region immediately below the second gate electrode TX2, a potential ⁇ FD1 in the first semiconductor region FD1, and a potential in the second semiconductor region FD2.
- phi FD2 potential phi FD3 of third semiconductor regions FD3, and the potential phi FD4 fourth semiconductor region FD4 is shown.
- High potential of the detection gate signals S 1 is inputted to the first gate electrode TX1, as shown in FIG. 7, the charges generated immediately below the photogate electrode PG, according to the potential gradient, the first gate Accumulation is performed in the potential wells of the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3 via the region immediately below the electrode TX1.
- a charge amount Q1 is accumulated in each potential well of the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3.
- the high potential of the detection gate signal S 2 is inputted to the second gate electrode TX2, as shown in FIG. 8, was generated immediately under the photo gate electrode PG charge Are accumulated in the potential wells of the second and fourth semiconductor regions FD2, FD4 via the region immediately below the second gate electrode TX2 in accordance with the potential gradient.
- a charge amount Q2 is accumulated in each potential well of the second and fourth semiconductor regions FD2, FD4.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram for explaining the configuration of a pixel.
- the second gate electrode TX2, the detection gate signal S 2 is applied. That is, charge transfer signals having different phases are applied to the first gate electrode TX1 and the second gate electrode TX2.
- the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3 It flows as a signal charge into the potential well constituted by The signal charges accumulated in the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3 is read from the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3 as an output corresponding to the accumulated charge amount Q 1 (V out1).
- the second and fourth semiconductor region FD2, FD4 It flows as a signal charge into the potential well constituted by The signal charges accumulated in the second and fourth semiconductor region FD2, FD4 is read from the second and fourth semiconductor region FD2, FD4 as an output corresponding to the accumulated charge amount Q 2 (V out2).
- These outputs (V out1 , V out2 ) correspond to the signal d ′ (m, n) described above.
- the first and second semiconductor regions FD1, FD2 are disposed on the first long side LS1 side of the photogate electrode PG.
- a first gate electrode TX1 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the first semiconductor region FD1.
- a second gate electrode TX2 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the second semiconductor region FD2.
- Third and fourth semiconductor regions FD3, FD4 are disposed on the second side of the photogate electrode PG.
- a first gate electrode TX1 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the third semiconductor region FD3.
- a second gate electrode TX2 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the fourth semiconductor region FD4.
- the masks for forming the respective regions are displaced in the opposing direction of the first and second long sides LS1 and LS2.
- the widths of the overlapping regions of the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 and the well regions W1 to W4 in the facing direction are different.
- the well regions W1 to W4 are formed so as to be displaced from the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 by the distance Y on the right side in the drawing.
- “X” indicates a design reference value of the width in the facing direction of the overlapping region of the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 and the well regions W1 to W4.
- 10 and 11 shows the potential distribution along the horizontal direction of the cross section in the horizontal direction of FIG. 10 and 11
- (b) shows the potential distribution along the horizontal direction of the cross section in the horizontal direction of FIG.
- the charge generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode PG is reduced.
- the first and third semiconductor regions FD1 and FD3 and the second and fourth semiconductor regions FD2 and FD4 can be appropriately distributed.
- the charge amount Q1 accumulated in the first and third semiconductor regions FD1, FD3 and the charge amount Q2 accumulated in the second and fourth semiconductor regions FD2, FD4 are caused by the displacement of the mask. Unbalance can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the distance image sensor 1, it can suppress that the detection accuracy of distance falls.
- the first semiconductor region FD1 and the third semiconductor region FD3 sandwich the photogate electrode PG in the opposing direction of the first and second long sides LS1, LS2. You may face each other.
- the second semiconductor region FD2 and the fourth semiconductor region FD4 may face each other with the photogate electrode PG interposed therebetween in the facing direction.
- each pixel of the distance image sensor may further include fifth and sixth semiconductor regions FD5 and FD6.
- the fifth and sixth semiconductor regions FD5 and FD6 are floating diffusion regions made of an N-type semiconductor with a high impurity concentration.
- the fifth and sixth semiconductor regions FD5, FD6 are formed so as to overlap and be surrounded by the P-type well regions W5, W6, respectively.
- the fifth semiconductor region FD5 is arranged spatially separated from the first and second semiconductor regions FD1, FD2 along the first long side LS1 on the first long side LS1 side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the second semiconductor region FD2 is located between the first semiconductor region FD1 and the fifth semiconductor region FD5 in the long side direction of the photogate electrode PG.
- a first gate electrode TX1 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the fifth semiconductor region FD5.
- the sixth semiconductor region FD6 is arranged spatially separated from the third and fourth semiconductor regions FD3, FD4 along the second long side LS2 on the second long side LS2 side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the third semiconductor region FD3 is located between the fourth semiconductor region FD4 and the sixth semiconductor region FD6 in the long side direction of the photogate electrode PG.
- a second gate electrode TX2 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the sixth semiconductor region FD6.
- the fifth semiconductor region FD5 and the sixth semiconductor region FD6 are opposed to each other across the photogate electrode PG in the facing direction of the first and second long sides LS1, LS2.
- the length in the long side direction of the first gate electrode TX1 located between the photogate electrode PG and the third semiconductor region FD3 is located between the photogate electrode PG and the first and fifth semiconductor regions FD1, FD5.
- the first gate electrode TX1 is set to about twice the length in the long side direction.
- the length in the long side direction of the second gate electrode TX2 located between the photogate electrode PG and the second semiconductor region FD2 is located between the photogate electrode PG and the fourth and sixth semiconductor regions FD4 and FD6.
- the second gate electrode TX2 is set to about twice the length in the long side direction.
- the length of the second gate electrode TX2 located between the photogate electrode PG and the second semiconductor region FD2 in the long side direction is the first gate electrode located between the photogate electrode PG and the third semiconductor region FD3. It is set to the same length as the long side direction of TX1.
- the total value of the lengths in the long side direction of the first gate electrodes TX1 positioned between the photogate electrode PG and the semiconductor regions FD1 and FD5, and the photogate The length in the long side direction of the second gate electrode TX2 located between the electrode PG and the second semiconductor region FD2 is substantially the same.
- the total value of the lengths in the long side direction of the second gate electrodes TX2 located between the photogate electrode PG and the semiconductor regions FD4 and FD6 the photogate The length of the first gate electrode TX1 located between the electrode PG and the third semiconductor region FD3 in the long side direction is substantially the same.
- the charge amount accumulated in the first, third, and fifth semiconductor regions FD1, FD3, and FD5 and the charge amount accumulated in the second, fourth, and sixth semiconductor regions FD2, FD4, and FD6, can be further suppressed from being unbalanced due to the displacement of the mask.
- each pixel of the distance image sensor may further include seventh to tenth semiconductor regions FD7 to FD10, and third and fourth gate electrodes TX3 and TX4. Similar to the first and second gate electrodes TX1 and TX2, the third and fourth gate electrodes TX3 and TX4 are provided adjacent to the photogate electrode PG via the insulating layer 1E on the surface 1FT.
- the photogate electrode PG has a square shape in plan view. That is, the photogate electrode PG has a planar shape having first and second sides facing each other and third and fourth sides facing each other.
- the first and second semiconductor regions FD1, FD2 are arranged spatially separated from each other along the first side on the first side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the third and fourth semiconductor regions FD3, FD4 are arranged spatially separated from each other along the second side on the second side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the seventh and eighth semiconductor regions FD7, FD8 are arranged spatially separated from each other along the third side on the third side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the ninth and tenth semiconductor regions FD9 and FD10 are arranged spatially separated from each other along the fourth side on the fourth side of the photogate electrode PG.
- the seventh semiconductor region FD7 and the tenth semiconductor region FD10 face each other across the photogate electrode PG in the facing direction of the third and fourth sides (hereinafter also simply referred to as “facing direction”). .
- the eighth semiconductor region FD8 and the ninth semiconductor region FD9 are opposed to each other across the photogate electrode PG in the opposed direction.
- the third gate electrode TX3 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the seventh semiconductor region FD7.
- the fourth gate electrode TX4 is provided between the photogate electrode PG and the eighth semiconductor region FD8.
- the third gate electrode TX3 is also provided between the photogate electrode PG and the ninth semiconductor region FD9.
- the fourth gate electrode TX4 is also provided between the photogate electrode PG and the tenth semiconductor region FD10.
- the third and fourth gate electrodes TX3 and TX4 have a rectangular shape in plan view.
- the third and fourth gate electrodes TX3 and TX4 have a rectangular shape whose long side is the direction in which the third side (fourth side) of the photogate electrode PG extends.
- the lengths in the long side direction of the first to fourth gate electrodes TX1 to TX4 are set to be the same.
- the third and fourth gate electrodes TX3 and TX4 are also made of polysilicon, but other materials may be used.
- the third gate electrode TX3, the detection gate signal S 3 is applied.
- the fourth gate electrode TX4, the detection gate signal S 4 is provided. Charge transfer signals having different phases are supplied to the first to fourth gate electrodes TX1 to TX4.
- the seventh to tenth semiconductor regions FD7 to FD10 are floating diffusion regions made of a high impurity concentration N-type semiconductor.
- the seventh to tenth semiconductor regions FD7 to FD10 are formed so as to overlap and be surrounded by the P-type well regions W7 to W10, respectively.
- the periphery of the seventh to tenth semiconductor regions FD7 to FD10 is surrounded by well regions W7 to W10 having a higher concentration than the substrate and the impurity concentration immediately below the third and fourth gate electrodes TX3 and TX4.
- Well regions W7 to W10 like well regions W1 to W4, suppress the coupling between the depletion layer expanded by applying a voltage to photogate electrode PG and the depletion layer extending from seventh to tenth semiconductor regions FD7 to FD10. is doing.
- the masks for forming the respective regions are the third and the tenth. Even when the position is shifted in the opposing direction of the fourth side, the charge generated in the region immediately below the photogate electrode PG is transferred to the seventh and ninth as in the relationship between the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4.
- the semiconductor regions FD7 and FD9 can be appropriately allocated to the eighth and tenth semiconductor regions FD8 and FD10.
- the amount of charge accumulated in the seventh and ninth semiconductor regions FD7, FD9 and the amount of charge accumulated in the eighth and tenth semiconductor regions FD8, FD10 are unbalanced due to the displacement of the mask. Can be suppressed.
- control circuit 2 provides the first to fourth gate electrodes TX1 to TX4 with charge transfer signals having phases different from each other in synchronization with the pulse drive signal.
- the arithmetic circuit 5 calculates the distance to the object from the signals read from the first to fourth semiconductor regions FD1 to FD4 and the seventh to tenth semiconductor regions FD7 to FD10.
- the present invention can be used for a distance sensor and a distance image sensor mounted on a product monitor, a vehicle or the like in a factory production line.
- SYMBOLS 1 Distance image sensor, 1A ... Semiconductor substrate, 2 ... Control circuit, 3 ... Light source, 4 ... Drive circuit, 5 ... Arithmetic circuit, FD1-FD10 ... 1st-10th semiconductor region, LS1 ... 1st long side, LS2 ... second long side, P ... pixel, PG ... photo gate electrode, S 1 to S 4 ... detection gate signal, TX1 to TX4 ... first to fourth gate electrode, W1 to W10 ... well region.
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Abstract
Description
パルス駆動信号SP:
V(t)=1(但し、0<t<(T/2)の場合)
V(t)=0(但し、(T/2)<t<Tの場合)
V(t+T)=V(t)
検出用ゲート信号S1:
V(t)=1(但し、0<t<(T/2)の場合)
V(t)=0(但し、(T/2)<t<Tの場合)
V(t+T)=V(t)
検出用ゲート信号S2(=S1の反転):
V(t)=0(但し、0<t<(T/2)の場合)
V(t)=1(但し、(T/2)<t<Tの場合)
V(t+T)=V(t)
半導体基板1A:厚さ10~1000μm/不純物濃度1×1012~1015cm-3
ウェル領域W1~W4:厚さ0.5~5μm/不純物濃度1×1016~1018cm-3
半導体領域FD1~FD4:厚さ0.1~1μm/不純物濃度1×1018~1020cm-3
Claims (7)
- 距離センサであって、
半導体基板と、
半導体基板の表面上に設けられ、平面形状が互いに対向する第1辺及び第2辺を有するフォトゲート電極と、
前記フォトゲート電極の前記第1辺側において該第1辺に沿って互いに空間的に離間して配置され、前記半導体基板とは異なる導電型を有し且つ前記フォトゲート電極の直下の領域に発生した電荷を蓄積する第1及び第2半導体領域と、
前記フォトゲート電極の前記第2辺側において該第2辺に沿って互いに空間的に離間し且つ前記第1辺及び前記第2辺の対向方向で前記フォトゲート電極を挟んで前記第1及び第2半導体領域と対向して配置され、前記半導体基板とは異なる導電型を有し且つ前記フォトゲート電極の直下の領域に発生した電荷を蓄積する第3及び第4半導体領域と、
前記半導体基板の導電型と同一の導電型であって、前記半導体基板の不純物濃度よりも高い不純物濃度を有し且つ前記第1~第4半導体領域それぞれと重複するように設けられたウェル領域と、
異なる位相の電荷転送信号が与えられ、前記表面上において前記第1及び第3半導体領域と前記フォトゲート電極との間にそれぞれ設けられた第1転送電極並びに前記表面上において前記第2及び第4半導体領域と前記フォトゲート電極との間にそれぞれ設けられた第2転送電極と、を備える。 - 請求項1に記載の距離センサであって、
前記フォトゲート電極の前記第1辺側において該第1辺に沿って前記第1及び第2半導体領域と空間的に離間して配置され、前記半導体基板とは異なる導電型を有し且つ前記フォトゲート電極の直下の領域に発生した電荷を蓄積する第5半導体領域と、
前記フォトゲート電極の前記第2辺側において該第2辺に沿って前記第3及び第4半導体領域と空間的に離間し且つ前記対向方向で前記フォトゲート電極を挟んで前記第5半導体領域と対向して配置され、前記半導体基板とは異なる導電型を有し且つ前記フォトゲート電極の直下の領域に発生した電荷を収集する第6半導体領域と、を更に備え、
前記ウェル領域は、前記第5及び第6半導体領域それぞれと重複するように設けられ、
前記表面上において前記第5半導体領域と前記フォトゲート電極との間に前記第1転送電極が更に設けられ、
前記表面上において前記第6半導体領域と前記フォトゲート電極との間に前記第2転送電極が更に設けられている。 - 請求項2に記載の距離センサであって、
前記第1辺側及び前記第2辺側それぞれにおいて、前記第1転送電極の長さの合計値と前記第2転送電極の長さの合計値とが同じである。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の距離センサであって、
前記フォトゲート電極の平面形状は、互いに対向する第3辺及び第4辺を更に有し、
前記フォトゲート電極の前記第3辺側において該第3辺に沿って互いに空間的に離間して配置され、前記半導体基板とは異なる導電型を有し且つ前記フォトゲート電極の直下の領域に発生した電荷を蓄積する第7及び第8半導体領域と、
前記電荷発生領域の前記第4辺側において該第4辺に沿って互いに空間的に離間し且つ前記第3辺及び前記第4辺の対向方向で前記フォトゲート電極を挟んで前記第7及び第8半導体領域と対向して配置され、前記半導体基板とは異なる導電型を有し且つ前記フォトゲート電極の直下の領域に発生した電荷を蓄積する第9及び第10半導体領域と、
異なる位相の電荷転送信号が与えられ、前記表面上において前記第7及び第9半導体領域と前記フォトゲート電極との間にそれぞれ設けられた第3転送電極並びに前記表面上において前記第8及び第10半導体領域と前記フォトゲート電極との間にそれぞれ設けられた第4転送電極と、を更に備え、
前記ウェル領域は、前記第7~第9半導体領域それぞれと重複するように設けられている。 - 距離画像センサであって、
請求項1に記載の距離センサと、
光源と、
前記光源にパルス駆動信号を与える駆動回路と、
前記第1及び第2転送電極に、前記パルス駆動信号に同期し且つ互いに異なる位相の電荷転送信号をそれぞれ与える制御回路と、
前記第1~第4半導体領域から読み出された信号から、対象物までの距離を演算する演算回路と、を備える。 - 距離画像センサであって、
請求項2又は3に記載の距離センサと、
光源と、
前記光源にパルス駆動信号を与える駆動回路と、
前記第1及び第2転送電極に、前記パルス駆動信号に同期し且つ互いに異なる位相の電荷転送信号をそれぞれ与える制御回路と、
前記第1~第6半導体領域から読み出された信号から、対象物までの距離を演算する演算回路と、を備える。 - 距離画像センサであって、
請求項4に記載の距離センサと、
光源と、
前記光源にパルス駆動信号を与える駆動回路と、
前記第1~第4転送電極に、前記パルス駆動信号に同期し且つ互いに異なる位相の電荷転送信号をそれぞれ与える制御回路と、
前記第1~第4半導体領域並びに前記第7~第10半導体領域から読み出された信号から、対象物までの距離を演算する演算回路と、を備える。
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EP10833014.3A EP2506031B1 (en) | 2009-11-24 | 2010-10-26 | Range sensor and range image sensor |
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EP2506031A1 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2506031B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
EP2506031A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
US20120236145A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 |
JP2011112376A (ja) | 2011-06-09 |
US9134423B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 |
KR101679454B1 (ko) | 2016-11-24 |
JP5483689B2 (ja) | 2014-05-07 |
KR20120102039A (ko) | 2012-09-17 |
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