WO2011062276A1 - 流体式トルク伝達装置 - Google Patents
流体式トルク伝達装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011062276A1 WO2011062276A1 PCT/JP2010/070735 JP2010070735W WO2011062276A1 WO 2011062276 A1 WO2011062276 A1 WO 2011062276A1 JP 2010070735 W JP2010070735 W JP 2010070735W WO 2011062276 A1 WO2011062276 A1 WO 2011062276A1
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- turbine
- pump
- blade
- fluid
- curvature
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H41/00—Rotary fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H41/24—Details
- F16H41/26—Shape of runner blades or channels with respect to function
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0205—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type two chamber system, i.e. without a separated, closed chamber specially adapted for actuating a lock-up clutch
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0221—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means
- F16H2045/0226—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type with damping means comprising two or more vibration dampers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
- F16H45/02—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type
- F16H2045/0273—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches with mechanical clutches for bridging a fluid gearing of the hydrokinetic type characterised by the type of the friction surface of the lock-up clutch
- F16H2045/0294—Single disk type lock-up clutch, i.e. using a single disc engaged between friction members
Definitions
- the present invention includes a pump impeller including a pump shell, a pump blade, and a pump core, a turbine runner including a turbine shell, a turbine blade, and a turbine core, a stator blade, and a flow of working fluid from the turbine runner to the pump impeller.
- the present invention relates to a fluid torque transmission device including a stator for rectification.
- a donut-shaped blade having a front cover, a pump (pump impeller) which is a donut-shaped impeller fixed to the front cover, and a blade facing the impeller blade.
- a torque converter including a turbine (turbine runner) that is a vehicle and a stator that is rotatably provided between the impeller and the turbine is known.
- the outer shape of the pump impeller and turbine runner of this type of torque converter is generally formed symmetrically with each other, but the outer shape of the pump impeller and turbine runner may appear to be asymmetric with each other (for example, patents) Reference 1).
- the torque capacity of the hydrodynamic torque transmission device decreases. Resulting in.
- the cross-sectional area of the flow path may be smaller at the flow path outlet than the flow path inlet of the turbine, and flow separation may occur. If the size of the outer shape of the impeller and the turbine runner is reduced, the occurrence of such a separation problem is promoted, and the torque capacity may be further reduced.
- Patent Document 1 describes a design method of the outer shape. No disclosure is made, and it is unclear from the description in Patent Document 1 whether the asymmetry of the pump impeller and the turbine runner contributes to downsizing of the fluid torque transmission device and securing of torque capacity. Even if it contributes, as long as there is no disclosure of a specific design method, a fluid transmission device that can be satisfied in practice cannot be obtained. Thus, in a fluid torque transmission device such as a torque converter, it is not easy to ensure both torque capacity and downsizing of the device.
- the main object of the present invention is to reduce the size of the fluid torque transmission device while suppressing a decrease in torque capacity.
- the fluid torque transmission device of the present invention employs the following means in order to achieve the above-mentioned main object.
- the fluid torque transmission device of the present invention is A pump impeller including a pump shell, a pump blade attached to the pump shell, and a pump core attached to the pump blade, a turbine shell, a turbine blade attached to the turbine shell, and a turbine core attached to the turbine blade
- a hydrodynamic torque transmission device comprising: a turbine runner including: a stator blade that includes a stator blade and rectifies a flow of a working fluid from the turbine runner to the pump impeller.
- the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid outlet of the turbine runner is smaller than the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid inlet of the turbine runner,
- the radius of the inscribed circle inscribed in the turbine shell side outline of the turbine blade and the turbine core side outline of the turbine blade at the fluid outlet of the turbine runner is determined at the fluid inlet of the turbine runner.
- the torque amplifying performance in the torque converter is reduced by reducing the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid outlet of the turbine runner so that the working fluid flowing out from the fluid outlet of the turbine runner can easily hit the stator blade of the stator.
- the torque amplification performance at the start of the vehicle is improved.
- the radius of the inscribed circle inscribed in the turbine shell side outline of the turbine blade and the turbine core side outline at the fluid outlet of the turbine runner is set to the outline of the turbine runner at the fluid inlet of the turbine runner.
- the radius of the inscribed circle inscribed in the line and the contour line is made larger, and the contour line of the turbine blade is set on the fluid outlet side of the turbine runner than the contour line on the pump shell side of the pump blade.
- the hydrodynamic torque transmission device has an asymmetric structure in which the pump impeller and the turbine runner are asymmetrical, and the pump impeller, the turbine runner, and the stator are asymmetrical.
- a torus (annular flow path) is formed.
- the center between the outlet outer peripheral end of the pump blade and the inlet outer peripheral end of the turbine blade facing each other and the rotational axis of the pump impeller and the turbine runner pass through the center.
- the length from the apparatus center line perpendicular to the rotation axis to the farthest part farthest in the extending direction of the rotation axis of the turbine blade is the extending direction of the rotation axis of the pump blade from the apparatus center line It may be configured to be longer than the length to the farthest part farthest.
- the outer line of the turbine blade is more appropriately expanded in the extending direction of the rotation axis than the outer line of the pump blade, and the flow path from the fluid inlet to the fluid outlet of the turbine runner It becomes possible to make the change width of the cross-sectional area as small as possible.
- the outline of the turbine blade is obtained when the turbine blade is projected onto a plane including the apparatus center line and the rotation axis in a state where the outer peripheral end of the fluid outlet and the outer peripheral end of the fluid inlet face each other.
- the outer edge on the turbine shell side in the projected image of the turbine blade may be the inner edge of the turbine core on the turbine core side in the projected image when the turbine blade is projected onto the plane.
- the contour line of the pump blade may be an outer edge on the pump shell side in a projected image of the pump blade when the pump blade is projected onto the plane.
- the difference between the mounting angle of the pump blade at the fluid inlet of the pump impeller and the mounting angle of the pump blade at the fluid outlet of the pump impeller is the difference between the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid inlet of the turbine runner and the turbine It may be smaller than the difference from the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid outlet of the runner. That is, since the pump impeller pumps up the working fluid from the turbine runner and supplies it again to the turbine runner, it is not necessary to make the mounting angle of the pump blade as small as the mounting angle of the turbine blade.
- the difference between the mounting angle of the pump blade at the fluid inlet of the pump impeller and the mounting angle of the pump blade at the fluid outlet is determined by the difference between the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid inlet of the turbine runner and the mounting angle of the turbine blade at the fluid outlet. If it is made smaller, the change width of the cross-sectional area of the flow path defined between adjacent pump blades can be made smaller, so that it is not necessary to inflate the pump impeller like a turbine runner. It is possible to further reduce the size of the torque transmission device.
- the outline of the turbine blade may have a symmetric area that is symmetric with the outline of the pump blade, and an asymmetric area that is not symmetric with the outline of the pump blade. May include a fluid inlet outer peripheral end of the turbine blade, and the asymmetric region may include a fluid outlet inner peripheral end of the turbine blade.
- the projected image of the pump blade and the projected image of the turbine blade may include at least one curvature change point at an outer edge portion of the pump shell side or the turbine shell side, respectively.
- the pump turbine outer edge portion which is an outer edge portion of the turbine shell side extending with a certain curvature from a curvature changing point on the outermost circumferential side, extends with a certain curvature from the curvature changing point on the outermost circumferential side in the projected image of the pump blade.
- the center of curvature of the projection turbine outer edge may be located on the rotation axis side of the center of curvature of the projection pump outer edge.
- n + 1th curvature change point from the nth curvature change point (where “n” is an integer equal to or greater than 2) in the projected image of the turbine blade, or the fluid outlet in the projected image of the turbine blade
- nth projected turbine outer edge which is the outer edge on the turbine shell side to the peripheral edge, is the n + 1th curvature change point from the nth curvature change point from the outer periphery side in the projection image of the pump blade or the projection of the pump blade.
- the nth projection pump outer edge which is the outer edge on the pump shell side to the inner periphery of the inlet in the image
- the center of curvature of the nth projection turbine outer edge is the You may be located in the said rotation-axis center side rather than the curvature center of n projection pump outer edge part.
- the difference between the rotation radius of the pump blade and the turbine blade and the rotation radius of the outer peripheral end of the stator blade is the difference between the rotation radius of the pump blade and the turbine blade and the rotation of the stator blade. It may be smaller than a half of the difference from the rotation radius of the inner peripheral end. This makes it possible to further increase the cross-sectional area on the turbine outlet side of the flow path defined between adjacent turbine blades of the turbine runner.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a torque converter 1 as a fluid torque transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the attachment angle of a turbine blade.
- 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a torque converter 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a configuration of a torque converter 1.
- FIG. It is a graph which shows the cross-sectional area of the flow path defined between the pump blades mutually adjacent of the pump impeller contained in the torque converter 1 of an Example, the torque converter of a prior art example, and the torque converter of a comparative example.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a torque converter 1 as a fluid torque transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a torque converter 1 shown in the figure is applied to a vehicle equipped with an engine.
- a front cover (input member) 2 As shown in FIG. 1, a front cover (input member) 2, a pump impeller (fluid transmission element) 3, a turbine runner ( Fluid transmission element) 4, turbine hub (output member) 5, stator 6, damper unit 7, and lockup clutch mechanism 8.
- An engine rotation shaft (not shown) is fixed to the front cover 2.
- an input shaft (not shown) of an automatic transmission (AT) or a continuously variable transmission (CVT) (not shown) is fixed (spline fitting) to the turbine hub 5.
- AT automatic transmission
- CVT continuously variable transmission
- the pump impeller 3 has a pump shell 30, a plurality of pump blades 31 attached (fixed) to the inner surface of the pump shell 30, and a pump core 32 attached (fixed) to the inner edge of the pump blade 31.
- the pump shell 30 is tightly fixed to the front cover 2.
- the turbine runner 4 includes a turbine shell 40, a plurality of turbine blades 41 attached (fixed) to the inner surface of the turbine shell 40, and a turbine core 42 attached (fixed) to the inner edge of the turbine blade 41.
- the turbine shell 40 is fixed to the turbine hub 5.
- the pump impeller 3 on the front cover 2 side and the turbine runner 4 on the turbine hub 5 side face each other, and a stator 6 having a plurality of stator blades 61 that can rotate coaxially with the front cover 2 is located between the two. Be placed.
- the stator 6 has a one-way clutch 60 that sets the rotation direction to only one direction.
- the pump impeller 3, the turbine runner 4, and the stator 6 form a torus (annular flow path) for circulating hydraulic oil (working fluid), and the stator 6 is connected to the pump impeller from the turbine outlet that is the fluid outlet of the turbine runner 4.
- the flow of hydraulic oil to the pump inlet that is the fluid inlet of the fluid is rectified.
- the damper unit 7 has a plurality of springs 71 and 72, respectively, and is fixed to the turbine hub 5 together with the turbine shell 40.
- the lockup clutch mechanism 8 includes a lockup piston 80 and a friction plate 81 attached to the surface thereof.
- the torque converter 1 configured as described above, when the engine (not shown) is operated and the front cover 2 and the pump impeller 3 rotate, the pump outlet on the outer peripheral side of the pump impeller 3 leads to the turbine inlet on the outer peripheral side of the turbine runner 4.
- the turbine runner 4 starts to be rotated by the flow of hydraulic oil, and the power from the engine is transmitted from the front cover 2 to the turbine hub 5 via the turbine runner 4 (hydraulic oil).
- the stator 6 converts the flow of hydraulic oil into a direction that assists the rotation of the pump impeller 3 when the rotational speed difference between the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 4 is large.
- the torque converter 1 operates as a torque amplifier when the rotational speed difference between the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 4 is large.
- the stator 6 When the rotational speed difference between the two becomes small, the stator 6 is idled via the one-way clutch 60. By doing so, it operates as a fluid coupling.
- a predetermined condition is satisfied after the vehicle starts (for example, when the vehicle speed reaches a predetermined value)
- the lock-up clutch mechanism 8 When a predetermined condition is satisfied after the vehicle starts (for example, when the vehicle speed reaches a predetermined value), the lock-up clutch mechanism 8 is operated, and the power transmitted from the engine to the front cover 2 is output to the output member.
- the engine and the input shaft of the transmission are mechanically directly connected to each other. Further, the fluctuation of torque transmitted from the front cover 2 to the turbine hub 5 is absorbed by the damper unit 7.
- the number of the pump blades 31 of the pump impeller 3 and the number of the turbine blades 41 of the turbine runner 4 are different (for example, operation) in order to suppress the occurrence of unexpected resonance.
- the number of pump blades 31 is set slightly larger than the number of turbine blades 41).
- the mounting angle of each turbine blade 41 with respect to the turbine shell 40 (the angle of the flow immediately after flowing into the blade) is determined to be smaller (seriously) than the mounting angle of each pump blade 31 with respect to the pump shell 30. The turbine blade 41 is twisted.
- the difference between the mounting angle of the pump blade 31 at the pump inlet and the mounting angle of the pump blade 31 at the pump outlet is the difference between the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine inlet and the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet. It is set smaller than the difference.
- the average value (the average value from the pump inlet to the outlet) of the pump blade 31 in the pump impeller 3 is the average value (the average value from the pump inlet to the outlet) of the turbine blade 41 in the turbine runner 4. Larger than.
- ⁇ out1 is an angle formed by a tangent line from the turbine blade outlet end point with respect to a perpendicular line in the Y direction
- ⁇ out2 is adjacent when an inscribed circle in contact with the blade outer line adjacent to the turbine blade outlet end point is drawn.
- a tangent to the contact point between the blade to be inscribed and the inscribed circle is an angle formed with respect to a perpendicular line in the Y direction.
- the fact that the attachment angle of the turbine blade at the turbine outlet is smaller than the attachment angle of the turbine blade at the turbine inlet means that the absolute value of ⁇ out is smaller than the absolute value of ⁇ in.
- the mounting angle of each turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet which is the fluid outlet of the turbine runner 4 is set so that the hydraulic oil flowing out from the fluid outlet of the turbine runner 4 easily hits the stator blade 61 of the stator 6. It is set smaller than the mounting angle of each turbine blade 41 at the turbine inlet, which is the fluid inlet of the runner 4.
- the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 4 are formed so as to constitute a torus that is slightly smaller in diameter than the conventional torque converter and flattened compared to the conventional torque converter.
- the torque converter 1 of the embodiment is made compact as a whole and a sufficient space for mounting the damper unit 7 is secured.
- each turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet is reduced and the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 4 are flattened and reduced in diameter in this way, the turbine blades 41 are defined between adjacent turbine blades 41 near the turbine outlet.
- the cross-sectional area of the flow path becomes small, resulting in a decrease in torque capacity, and in some cases, there is a risk of flow separation near the turbine outlet.
- the turbine runner 4 constituting the torque converter 1 of the embodiment has an outer line 41co on the turbine shell 40 side of the turbine blade 41 and an inner side on the turbine core 42 side at the turbine outlet (fluid outlet).
- the radius ro of the inscribed circle ICo inscribed with the contour line 41ci is the outer contour line 41co and inner contour line 41ci (the outer peripheral end of the inner contour line 41ci) at the turbine inlet (fluid inlet).
- the torque converter 1 according to the embodiment has an asymmetric structure in which the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 4 are asymmetrical.
- the inner line 41ci of the turbine blade is an inner edge on the turbine core 42 side in the projected image of the turbine blade 41 when the turbine blade 41 is projected onto a plane including the apparatus center line CC and the rotation axis AC.
- the outline 31co of the pump blade 31 is an outer edge on the pump shell 30 side in the projected image of the pump blade 31 when the pump blade 31 is projected onto a plane including the device center line CC and the rotation axis AC.
- the length dt from the device center line CC to the farthest point (farthest portion) 41x farthest in the extending direction of the rotation axis AC of the turbine blade 41 corresponding to the device center line CC is set.
- the outline 41co of the turbine blade 41 Is expanded in the extending direction of the rotation axis AC from the outer line 31co on the pump shell 30 side of the pump blade 31 on the turbine outlet side.
- the apparatus center plane PC the farthest of each turbine blade 41 from the apparatus center plane PC.
- the turbine runner 4 included in the torque converter 1 has a turbine inlet and a turbine outlet that are substantially symmetrical with the pump impeller 3 (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 3). Between the vicinity of the central portion and the turbine outlet, the rotation axis AC extends (extends) outward and extends, so that the torque converter 1 is asymmetric with respect to the device center line CC (device center plane PC). Has a torus.
- the difference (Rtp ⁇ Rso) between the rotation radius Rtp of the pump blade 31 and the turbine blade 41 and the rotation radius Rso of the outer peripheral end of the stator blade 61 is the pump.
- Pump impeller 3, turbine runner 4, and stator are smaller than one half of the difference (Rtp ⁇ Rsi) between the rotation radius Rtp of blade 31 and turbine blade 41 and the rotation radius Rsi of the inner peripheral end of stator blade 61. 6 dimensions and the like are defined.
- the torque converter 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.
- the projected image of the pump blade 31 of the embodiment has three curvatures at the outer edge on the pump shell 30 side.
- the projection images of the turbine blades 41 of the embodiment include the change points Cp1, Cp2, and Cp3, and include two curvature change points Ct1 and Ct2 at the outer edge portion on the turbine shell 40 side.
- the cross section (shell inner periphery) of the pump shell 30 when the pump shell 30 is cut along a plane including the rotational axis AC includes three curvature change points corresponding to the curvature change points Cp1, Cp2 and Cp3.
- the section of the turbine shell 40 (shell inner periphery) when the turbine shell 40 is cut along a plane including the rotational axis AC includes two curvature change points corresponding to the curvature change points Ct1 and Ct2. become.
- the curvature radius rt0 of the 0th projected turbine outer edge Et0 which is the outer edge on the turbine shell 40 side from the outer peripheral edge 41i of the projected image of the turbine blade 41 to the curvature change point Ct1 on the outermost periphery
- the curvature radius rp0 of the 0th projected pump outer edge portion Ep0 that is the outer edge portion on the pump shell 30 side from the outlet outer peripheral end 31o to the outermost peripheral curvature change point Cp1 in the projected image of the pump blade 31 is set to the same value. Both curvature centers Ot0 and Op0 also coincide.
- the curvature radii are the same as each other. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the outline 41co of the turbine blade 41 has a symmetric area that is symmetric with the outline 31co of the pump blade 31 and an asymmetric area that is not symmetric with the outline 31co of the pump blade 31.
- the symmetric region includes the inlet outer peripheral end 41 i of the turbine blade 41, and the asymmetric region includes the outlet inner peripheral end 41 o of the turbine blade 41.
- the “curvature change point on the outermost peripheral side” in the present invention does not include, for example, those provided from the viewpoint of joining (tightly) the blade and the shell to each other.
- the radius of curvature rt1 of the first projected turbine outer edge portion Et1 that is the outer edge portion on the turbine shell 40 side from the outermost peripheral curvature change point Ct1 to the second curvature change point Ct2 from the outermost periphery side in the projected image of the turbine blade 41.
- the radius of curvature rp1 of the first projected pump outer edge Ep1 which is the outer edge of the pump shell 30 from the outermost peripheral curvature change point Cp1 to the second curvature change point Cp2 from the outer peripheral side in the projected image of the pump blade 31.
- the curvature center Ot1 of the first projection turbine outer edge portion Et1 is located closer to the rotation axis AC side than the curvature center Op1 of the first projection pump outer edge portion Ep1. Further, the radius of curvature rt2 of the second projected turbine outer edge portion Et2 that is the outer edge portion on the shell side from the second curvature change point Ct2 from the outer peripheral side in the projected image of the turbine blade 41 to the outlet inner peripheral end 41o in the projected image is , Smaller than the radius of curvature rp2 of the second projected pump outer edge Ep2 which is the outer edge of the shell side from the second curvature change point Cp2 to the third curvature change point Cp3 from the outer peripheral side in the projected image of the pump blade 31; The center of curvature Ot2 of the second projection turbine outer edge portion Et2 is located closer to the rotation axis AC side than the center of curvature Op2 of the second projection pump outer edge portion Ep2.
- n + 1th projected pump outer edge portion Epn which is the outer edge portion on the shell side to the inlet inner peripheral end 31i in the projected image of the (n + 1) th curvature change point Cpn + 1 or the pump blade 31.
- the curvature center Otn of the projection turbine outer edge portion Etn is located closer to the rotational axis AC than the curvature center Opn of the nth projection pump outer edge portion Epn.
- the length dt from the apparatus center line CC to the farthest point 41x farthest in the extending direction of the rotation axis AC of the turbine blade 41 corresponding to the apparatus center line CC is changed from the apparatus center line CC to the rotation axis of the pump blade 31 corresponding thereto. It becomes possible to make it longer than the length dp to the farthest point 31x farthest in the extending direction of the heart AC. Further, the n + 1-th curvature change point Ctn + 1 or the turbine blade 41 from the point corresponding to the n-th curvature change point Ctn of the section of the turbine shell 40 when the turbine shell 40 is cut along a plane including the rotational axis AC.
- the radius of curvature of the inner periphery of the shell up to a point corresponding to the outlet inner peripheral end 41o in the projected image is the nth curvature of the cross section of the pump shell 30 when the pump shell 30 is cut along a plane including the rotational axis AC. This is smaller than the radius of curvature of the inner periphery of the shell from the point corresponding to the change point Cpn to the n + 1th curvature change point Cpn + 1 or the point corresponding to the inlet inner peripheral end 31i in the projected image of the pump blade 31.
- n + 1-th curvature change point Ctn + 1 or the outlet inner peripheral end 41o from the point corresponding to the curvature change point Ctn of the section of the turbine shell 40 when the turbine shell 40 is cut along a plane including the rotational axis AC.
- the center of curvature of the inner circumference of the shell up to the point is the (n + 1) th curvature change point Cpn from the point corresponding to the curvature change point Cpn of the cross section of the pump shell 30 when the pump shell 30 is cut in a plane including the rotational axis AC. It is located closer to the rotational axis AC than the center of curvature of the inner periphery of the shell up to the point corresponding to +1 or the outlet inner peripheral end 41o.
- the radius of curvature rp3 of the third projection pump outer edge portion Ep3, which is the outer edge portion on the shell side, is smaller, and the center of curvature Ot2 of the second projection turbine outer edge portion Et2 is the rotation axis than the center of curvature Op3 of the third projection pump outer edge portion Ep3.
- the cross-sectional area at the turbine outlet side of the flow path defined between the turbine blades 41 adjacent to each other of the turbine runner 4 can be increased.
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a flow path defined between adjacent pump blades of pump impellers included in the torque converter 1 of the embodiment configured as described above, the torque converter of the conventional example, and the torque converter of the comparative example.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the area, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a breakage of a flow path defined between adjacent turbine blades of the turbine runner included in the torque converter 1 of the embodiment, the torque converter of the conventional example, and the torque converter of the comparative example. It is a graph which shows an area. 5 represents the ratio Lp / Lp0 of the flow path length Lp from the pump inlet to the total flow path length Lp0 from the pump inlet to the pump outlet, and the horizontal axis in FIG.
- the torque converter of the conventional example includes a pump impeller having a slightly larger outer diameter than that of the pump impeller 3 and having a low flatness, and a turbine runner configured to be substantially symmetric with the pump impeller. It is a waste.
- the torque converter of the comparative example includes the same pump impeller as the pump impeller 3 and a turbine runner configured to be substantially symmetric with the pump impeller.
- the pump impellers included in the conventional torque converter have a slightly larger outer diameter and lower flatness, so that they are adjacent to each other compared to the pump impellers included in the torque converters of the examples and comparative examples.
- the cross-sectional area of the flow path defined between the matching pump blades is large throughout the area from the pump inlet to the pump outlet.
- the cross-sectional area of the flow path defined between adjacent pump blades of the pump impeller is from the pump inlet to the pump It becomes almost constant over the exit.
- the torque converter 1 of the embodiment the occurrence of flow separation in the central portion of the flow path from the turbine inlet to the turbine outlet (the area surrounded by the broken line in FIG. 3), and the flow on the turbine outlet side of the flow path. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of peeling and reduce torque transmission loss.
- FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the speed ratio e between the pump impeller and the turbine runner and the capacity coefficient C of the torque converter 1 of the example, the torque converter of the conventional example, and the torque converter of the comparative example.
- the capacity coefficient C of the torque converter of the example and the comparative example is shown as a converted value when the capacity coefficient C of the torque converter of the conventional example is set to 1.
- the torque capacity cannot be reduced by simply flattening (and reducing the diameter) of the pump impeller and the turbine runner (see the comparative example).
- the torus By extending (extending) the region of the runner from the vicinity of the center between the turbine inlet and the turbine outlet to the turbine outlet in the direction of extension of the rotation axis of the torque converter and outward, the torus is made asymmetric.
- the performance (torque capacity) superior to the conventional torque converter can be obtained.
- the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet that is the fluid outlet of the turbine runner 4 is greater than the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine inlet that is the fluid inlet of the turbine runner 4. It is also small.
- the radius ro of the inscribed circle ICo inscribed in the turbine shell 40 side outer line 41co and the turbine core 42 side inner line 41ci at the turbine outlet is the turbine inlet and the outer line 41co and inner line 41ci.
- the outer contour line 41co of the turbine blade 41 is larger than the outer contour line 31co of the pump blade 31 on the pump shell 30 side on the turbine outlet side. Inflated in the extending direction.
- the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet smaller than the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine inlet, the hydraulic oil flowing out from the turbine runner 4 can easily hit the stator blade 61 of the stator 6.
- the torque amplification performance can be improved.
- the radius ro of the inscribed circle ICo inscribed in the outer line 41co and the inner line 41ci of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet is the radius of the inscribed circle ICi inscribed in the outer line 41co and the inner line 41ci at the turbine inlet.
- the outer line 41co of the turbine blade 41 is expanded in the extending direction of the rotation axis AC from the outer line 31co on the pump shell 30 side of the pump blade 31 at the turbine outlet side.
- the torque converter 1 of the above embodiment is extremely suitable for a vehicle in which lockup is performed by the lockup clutch mechanism 8 at a very low vehicle speed of about 10 km / h, for example. That is, if the torque converter 1 capable of suppressing the decrease in torque capacity and improving the torque amplification performance is mounted on such a vehicle, the torque amplification performance can be ensured by reducing the required torque capacity.
- the rotational radius Rtp of the pump blade 31 and the turbine blade 41 can be made significantly smaller than the rotational radius Rdp of the damper unit 7 (see FIG. 1), whereby the entire torque converter 1 and thus the entire transmission can be reduced. It can be made smaller.
- the length dt from the device center line CC to the farthest point 41x farthest in the extending direction of the rotation axis AC of the turbine blade 41 is set from the device center line CC to the pump blade.
- the torus that is, the pump impeller 3 and the turbine runner 4 are flattened and reduced in diameter, and the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 Even if the pump blade 31 is twisted, the outer line 41co of the turbine blade 41 is more appropriately expanded in the extending direction of the rotational axis AC than the outer line 31co of the pump blade 31 in the turbine outlet region. It is possible to make the change width of the channel cross-sectional area from the inlet to the turbine outlet as small as possible.
- the pump impeller 3 pumps up the hydraulic oil from the turbine runner 4 and supplies it again to the turbine runner 4, it is not necessary to make the mounting angle of the pump blade 31 as small as the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41. . Accordingly, the difference between the mounting angle of the pump blade 31 at the pump inlet and the mounting angle of the pump blade 31 at the pump outlet is smaller than the difference between the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine inlet and the mounting angle of the turbine blade 41 at the turbine outlet. By doing so, the width of change in the cross-sectional area of the flow path defined between the adjacent pump blades 31 can be further reduced, so that it is not necessary to inflate the pump impeller 3 like the turbine runner 4.
- the torque converter 1 can be further downsized.
- the pump blade 31 and the turbine blade 41 are connected to the apparatus center line CC and the pump impeller in a state where the outlet outer peripheral end 31o of the pump blade 31 and the inlet outer peripheral end 41i of the turbine blade 41 face each other. 3 and an outer edge portion on the turbine shell 40 side that extends with a certain curvature from the curvature change point Ct1 on the outermost peripheral side in the projected image of the turbine blade 41 when projected onto a plane including the rotational axis AC of the turbine runner 4.
- the first projection turbine outer edge portion Et1 is smaller than the first projection pump outer edge portion Ep1, which is an outer edge portion on the pump shell 30 side extending from the curvature change point Cp1 on the outermost peripheral side in the projected image of the pump blade 31 with a certain curvature.
- a first projection turbine outer edge E having a radius of curvature (rt1 ⁇ rp1); 1 center of curvature Ot1 is positioned at the rotation axis AC side of the center of curvature Op1 of the first projection pump outer edges Ep1.
- the length dt from the apparatus center line CC to the farthest point 41x farthest in the extending direction of the rotation axis AC of the turbine blade 41 is set to the extending direction of the rotation axis AC of the pump blade 31 from the apparatus center line CC. It is possible to make it longer than the length dp up to the farthest point 31x. And since the cross-sectional area of the flow path defined between the turbine blades 41 adjacent to each other in the turbine runner 4 can be sufficiently secured in the central portion between the turbine inlet and the turbine outlet, It is possible to suppress the occurrence of flow separation in the section and reduce torque transmission loss.
- the difference (rp1 ⁇ rt1) between the radius of curvature rp1 of the first projection pump outer edge portion Ep1 and the radius of curvature rt1 of the first projection turbine outer edge portion Et1 is preferably 30 to 40 mm, for example.
- Projection turbine outer edge portion Et2 is a second projection pump outer edge portion Ep2 that is an outer edge portion on the pump shell 30 side from the second curvature change point Cp2 to the third curvature change point Cp3 from the outer peripheral side in the projected image of pump blade 31.
- the curvature center Ot2 of the second projection turbine outer edge portion Et2 is located closer to the rotational axis AC side than the curvature center Op2 of the second projection pump outer edge portion Ep2 (rt2 ⁇ rp2). is doing.
- the curvature radius rt0 of the 0th projected turbine outer edge portion Et0 that is the outer edge portion on the shell side from the inlet outer peripheral edge 41i to the outermost peripheral curvature change point Ct1 in the projected image of the turbine blade 41.
- the radius of curvature rp0 of the 0th projected pump outer edge portion Ep0 that is the outer edge portion on the pump shell 30 side from the outlet outer peripheral end 31o to the outermost peripheral curvature change point Cp1 in the projected image of the pump blade 31 is the same value.
- the outline 41co of the turbine blade 41 has a symmetric area that is symmetric with the outline 31co of the pump blade 31 and an asymmetric area that is not symmetric with the outline 31co of the pump blade 31.
- the inlet outer peripheral end 41 i of the blade 41 is included, and the outlet inner peripheral end 41 o of the turbine blade 41 is included in the asymmetric region.
- the difference (Rtp ⁇ Rso) between the rotation radius Rtp of the pump blade 31 and the turbine blade 41 and the rotation radius Rso of the outer peripheral end of the stator blade 61 is the rotation of the pump blade 31 and the turbine blade 41.
- the dimensions of the pump impeller 3, the turbine runner 4 and the stator 6 are determined so as to be smaller than one half of the difference (Rtp ⁇ Rsi) between the radius Rtp and the rotation radius Rsi of the inner peripheral end of the stator blade 61. Yes.
- the cross-sectional area on the turbine outlet side of the flow path defined between adjacent turbine blades 41 of the turbine runner 4 can be increased, and flow separation occurs on the turbine outlet side of the flow path. And torque transmission loss can be reduced.
- the farthest farthest from the device center line CC in the extending direction of the rotational axis AC of the turbine blade 41 The ratio dt / dp between the length dt to the point 41x and the length dp from the device center line CC to the farthest point 31x farthest in the extending direction of the rotational axis AC of the pump blade 31 is, for example, 1.05 ⁇ dt It may be determined within the range of /dp ⁇ 1.20.
- the torque converter 1 is configured to satisfy, for example, 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.7. preferable.
- the projected image of the pump blade 31 of the above embodiment includes three curvature change points Cp1, Cp2 and Cp3 at the outer edge portion on the pump shell 30 side, and the projected image of the turbine blade 41 of the above embodiment is on the turbine shell 40 side.
- two curvature change points Ct1 and Ct2 are included in the outer edge portion, the number of curvature change points in the projected images of the pump blade 31 and the turbine blade 41 is not limited to this and may be arbitrarily determined.
- the present invention can be used in the field of manufacturing a fluid torque transmission device such as a torque converter.
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Abstract
Description
ポンプシェルと該ポンプシェルに取り付けられたポンプブレードと該ポンプブレードに取り付けられたポンプコアとを含むポンプインペラと、タービンシェルと該タービンシェルに取り付けられたタービンブレードと該タービンブレードに取り付けられたタービンコアとを含むタービンランナと、ステータブレードを含むと共に前記タービンランナから前記ポンプインペラへの作動流体の流れを整流するステータとを備えた流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記タービンランナの流体出口における前記タービンブレードの取付角度は、該タービンランナの流体入口における該タービンブレードの取付角度よりも小さく、
前記タービンランナの前記流体出口で前記タービンブレードの前記タービンシェル側の外郭線と該タービンブレードの前記タービンコア側の内郭線とに内接する内接円の半径は、該タービンランナの流体入口で前記外郭線と前記内郭線とに内接する内接円の半径よりも大きく、
前記タービンブレードの前記外郭線は、前記タービンランナの前記流体出口側で前記ポンプブレードの前記ポンプシェル側の外郭線よりも前記ポンプインペラおよび前記タービンランナの回転軸心の延在方向に膨らんでいることを特徴とする。
θin=(Θin1+θin2)/2
として表される。ただし、θin1は、Y方向の垂線に対してタービンブレード入口端点からの接線がなす角度であり、θin2は、タービンブレード入口端点と隣接するブレード外郭線に接する内接円を描いた際に、隣接するブレードと当該内接円との接点に対する接線がY方向の垂線に対してなす角である。また、タービン出口(流体出口)の取付角度(θout)は、
θout=(Θout1+θout2)/2
として表される。ただし、θout1は、Y方向の垂線に対してタービンブレード出口端点からの接線がなす角度であり、θout2は、タービンブレード出口端点と隣接するブレード外郭線に接する内接円を描いた際に、隣接するブレードと前記内接円との接点に対する接線がY方向の垂線に対してなす角である。そして、タービン出口におけるタービンブレードの取付角度が、タービン入口におけるタービンブレードの取付角度よりも小さいということは、θoutの絶対値がθinの絶対値よりも小さいということを意味する。
Claims (8)
- ポンプシェルと該ポンプシェルに取り付けられたポンプブレードと該ポンプブレードに取り付けられたポンプコアとを含むポンプインペラと、タービンシェルと該タービンシェルに取り付けられたタービンブレードと該タービンブレードに取り付けられたタービンコアとを含むタービンランナと、ステータブレードを含むと共に前記タービンランナから前記ポンプインペラへの作動流体の流れを整流するステータとを備えた流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記タービンランナの流体出口における前記タービンブレードの取付角度は、該タービンランナの流体入口における該タービンブレードの取付角度よりも小さく、
前記タービンランナの前記流体出口で前記タービンブレードの前記タービンシェル側の外郭線と該タービンブレードの前記タービンコア側の内郭線とに内接する内接円の半径は、該タービンランナの流体入口で前記外郭線と前記内郭線とに内接する内接円の半径よりも大きく、
前記タービンブレードの前記外郭線は、前記タービンランナの前記流体出口側で前記ポンプブレードの前記ポンプシェル側の外郭線よりも前記ポンプインペラおよび前記タービンランナの回転軸心の延在方向に膨らんでいることを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項1に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
互いに対向する前記ポンプブレードの流体出口外周端と前記タービンブレードの流体入口外周端との間の中央と前記ポンプインペラおよび前記タービンランナの回転軸心とを通ると共に該回転軸心と直交する装置中心線から該タービンブレードの前記回転軸心の延在方向に最も遠い最遠部までの長さが前記装置中心線から該ポンプブレードの前記回転軸心の延在方向に最も遠い最遠部までの長さよりも長くなるように構成されることを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項2に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記タービンブレードの前記外郭線は、前記流体出口外周端と前記流体入口外周端とが対向する状態で前記タービンブレードを前記装置中心線と前記回転軸心とを含む平面に投影したときの該タービンブレードの投影像における前記タービンシェル側の外縁であり、
前記タービンブレードの前記内郭線は、該タービンブレードを前記平面に投影したときの前記投影像における前記タービンコア側の内縁であり、
前記ポンプブレードの前記外郭線は、該ポンプブレードを前記平面に投影したときの該ポンプブレードの投影像における前記ポンプシェル側の外縁であることを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記ポンプインペラの流体入口における前記ポンプブレードの取付角度と該ポンプインペラの流体出口における該ポンプブレードの取付角度との差は、前記タービンランナの流体入口における前記タービンブレードの取付角度と該タービンランナの流体出口における該タービンブレードの取付角度との差よりも小さいことを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記タービンブレードの前記外郭線は、前記ポンプブレードの前記外郭線と対称をなす対称領域と該ポンプブレードの該外郭線と対称をなさない非対称領域とを有しており、前記対称領域は、前記タービンブレードの流体入口外周端を含み、前記非対称領域は、前記タービンブレードの流体出口内周端を含むことを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項5に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記出口外周端と前記入口外周端とが対向する状態で前記ポンプブレードおよび前記タービンブレードを前記装置中心線と前記ポンプインペラおよび前記タービンランナの前記回転軸心とを含む平面に投影したときに、前記ポンプブレードの投影像と前記タービンブレードの投影像とは、前記ポンプシェル側または前記タービンシェル側の外縁部に曲率変化点をそれぞれ少なくとも一つ含み、前記タービンブレードの投影像における最外周側の曲率変化点から一定の曲率をもって延びる前記タービンシェル側の外縁部である投影タービン外縁部は、前記ポンプブレードの投影像における最外周側の曲率変化点から一定の曲率をもって延びる前記ポンプシェル側の外縁部である投影ポンプ外縁部に比べて小さい曲率半径を有すると共に、前記投影タービン外縁部の曲率中心は、前記投影ポンプ外縁部の曲率中心よりも前記回転軸心側に位置することを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項5または6に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記タービンブレードの投影像における外周側からn番目(ただし“n”は値2以上の整数である)の曲率変化点からn+1番目の曲率変化点または前記タービンブレードの投影像における流体出口内周端までの前記タービンシェル側の外縁部である第n投影タービン外縁部は、前記ポンプブレードの投影像における外周側からn番目の曲率変化点からn+1番目の曲率変化点または前記ポンプブレードの投影像における入口内周端までの前記ポンプシェル側の外縁部である第n投影ポンプ外縁部に比べて小さい曲率半径を有すると共に、前記第n投影タービン外縁部の曲率中心は、前記第n投影ポンプ外縁部の曲率中心よりも前記回転軸心側に位置することを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。 - 請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の流体式トルク伝達装置において、
前記ポンプブレードおよび前記タービンブレードの回転半径と前記ステータブレードの外周端の回転半径との差は、前記ポンプブレードおよび前記タービンブレードの回転半径と前記ステータブレードの内周端の回転半径との差の2分の1よりも小さいことを特徴とする流体式トルク伝達装置。
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JPWO2011062275A1 (ja) | 2013-04-11 |
WO2011062275A1 (ja) | 2011-05-26 |
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EP2455638B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
EP2455638A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
EP2492547A1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
KR20120054072A (ko) | 2012-05-29 |
KR20120054073A (ko) | 2012-05-29 |
US8572955B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
EP2492547A4 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
KR101369598B1 (ko) | 2014-03-04 |
JPWO2011062276A1 (ja) | 2013-04-11 |
JP5494670B2 (ja) | 2014-05-21 |
CN102510958A (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
KR101369712B1 (ko) | 2014-03-03 |
EP2492547B1 (en) | 2019-09-18 |
CN102510958B (zh) | 2015-05-06 |
US20110135484A1 (en) | 2011-06-09 |
EP2455638A4 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
JP5246345B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
CN102510959B (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
CN102510959A (zh) | 2012-06-20 |
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