WO2011047908A1 - Source d'énergie pour courant électrique présentant un dispositif détecteur pour la détermination d'un état de charge de la source d'énergie - Google Patents

Source d'énergie pour courant électrique présentant un dispositif détecteur pour la détermination d'un état de charge de la source d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011047908A1
WO2011047908A1 PCT/EP2010/062429 EP2010062429W WO2011047908A1 WO 2011047908 A1 WO2011047908 A1 WO 2011047908A1 EP 2010062429 W EP2010062429 W EP 2010062429W WO 2011047908 A1 WO2011047908 A1 WO 2011047908A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy source
electrode
chamber
sensor device
source according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/062429
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Dallinger
Stefan Kampmann
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2011047908A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011047908A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/08—Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004—Details
    • H01G9/14—Structural combinations or circuits for modifying, or compensating for, electric characteristics of electrolytic capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/28—Structural combinations of electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices with other electric components not covered by this subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an energy source for electric current, which comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a sensor device, wherein by means of the sensor device, the state of charge of the energy source can be detected.
  • energy sources such as batteries, which also include accumulators
  • energy sources are equipped with electronic controls which can influence the charging and / or discharging process of the energy source.
  • BMS battery management systems
  • SOC state of charge
  • the SOC is difficult to measure parameters in many applications. It is known that the SOC can be achieved via a terminal voltage, the frequency-dependent complex internal resistance of the energy source, for example by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) or model-based
  • the state of charge can be determined via a quiescent voltage measurement.
  • new accumulator types such as those based on lithium iron phosphate (LiFePo) are known whose terminal voltage practically does not change when discharged. In the process, this measuring method is ruled out for these energy sources.
  • the complex internal resistance of the energy source is measured and evaluated by means of a superimposed AC voltage and back-measured alternating current at different frequencies.
  • This method is associated with a high metrological effort. In pulsed applications, which occur, for example, in vehicle converter operation or in hand tools, this method is hardly feasible due to the occurring frequency components of the load current. Meaningful economic use is eliminated.
  • observers that is, mathematical models, which measure time, voltage, current and the moments of the rest voltage, in order to determine the SOC model-based.
  • observers that is, mathematical models, which measure time, voltage, current and the moments of the rest voltage, in order to determine the SOC model-based.
  • the invention relates to an energy source for electricity, comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and a sensor device, wherein at least the first electrode is such that it changes its volume when using the power source, and the sensor device is arranged such that this one Volume change detected at least the first electrode for determining a state of charge of the power source.
  • the invention uses the effect that at least the first one is used when the energy source is used
  • Electrode possibly also the second electrode, changes in volume.
  • Use of the power source may be both a discharge and a charge of the power source.
  • a change in volume of at least the first electrode occurs, for example, when ions are deposited by this electrode or ions accumulate on this electrode, as a result of which a material change occurs at the electrode.
  • the sensor device detects this change in volume to determine the state of charge of the energy source.
  • the volume change of at least the first electrode can be detected directly or indirectly by the sensor device.
  • the energy source preferably comprises a transmission means for transmitting the volume change to the sensor device.
  • the transfer means can be formed by an electrolyte which ensures the transport of ions between the first and the second electrode.
  • the energy source preferably comprises a chamber in which at least partially at least the first electrode and the transmission means are located, wherein the chamber for the transmission means is closed.
  • a change in volume of at least the first electrode leads in this way to a change in pressure of the transmission medium located inside the chamber and / or to a deformation of the chamber.
  • the pressure change of the transmission medium and / or the deformation of the chamber indicate the state of charge of the energy source.
  • the pressure within the transmission means or the deformation of the chamber can be easily detected, for example, by means of a pressure sensor or force sensor assigned to the sensor device. Pressure sensors and force sensors enabling such measurements are well known in the art and well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the sensor device may comprise an evaluation device by means of which the measured values recorded by the pressure sensor and / or the force sensor for the determination of a state of charge are evaluated.
  • all energy sources for electric current which comprise at least a first electrode and a second electrode can be considered as the energy source, wherein at least the first electrode changes its volume when the energy source is used.
  • the energy source can be used, for example, as a battery or as a single battery cell, preferably as an accumulator, or as a capacitor, preferably as an electro-chemical double-layer capacitor, be executed.
  • FIG. 1 a cross-section through a first embodiment of a power source according to the invention, which is in a first Ladezu was, and the power source shown in Fig. 1, which is located in a second of the first different state of charge.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a power source according to the invention in a cross-sectional view.
  • the power source 1 for electric power comprises a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 3.
  • the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are disposed within a chamber 6 of the power source 1 ,
  • the first electrode 2 is electrically contactable via an external contact 7, the second electrode 3 via an external contact 8 of the power source 1.
  • the energy source 1 comprises a transmission means 5.
  • the transmission means 5 in this embodiment is a liquid electrolyte.
  • the transfer means 5 has the purpose of transporting ions between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
  • the transmission means 5 is located together with the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 within the
  • the transmission means 5 surrounds the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3. The chamber 6 is closed for the transmission means 5 so that it can not escape from the chamber 6.
  • the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 are formed in this embodiment as an electrode winding 9, symbolically represented by a circle.
  • a separator not shown here may be provided.
  • the illustrated energy source 1 is designed in this embodiment as a lithium-ion accumulator.
  • the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 form a host lattice which can reversibly take up and release positive lithium ions.
  • the host lattice changes due to the incorporation or removal of lithium ions in its volume. The volume change can range from a few percent to several times the original volume.
  • FIG. 1 shows the discharged energy source 1
  • FIG. 2 shows the charged energy source 1.
  • the first electrode 2 forms an anode
  • the second electrode 3 forms a cathode.
  • an excess of electrons prevails at the anode, at the second electrode 3, the cathode, an electron deficiency. If one closes a circuit over the electrodes 2, 3, the excess electrons can migrate from the first electrode 2 to the second electrode and thereby perform electrical work.
  • the energy source 1 here the accumulator, positive lithium ions migrate by means of the transmission means 5 from the first electrode 2 to the second electrode 3. With the change of the respective storage proportion of lithium ions at the respective electrodes 2, 3, the volume of the host lattice.
  • the energy source 1 comprises a sensor device which is set up in such a way that the sensor device detects a change in volume of at least the first electrode 2 in order to determine a state of charge of the energy source 1.
  • the sensor device 4a comprises a pressure sensor, which is arranged within the chamber 6, for example on the inner wall of the chamber 6. If the positional state of the energy source 1 and thus the volume of the electrodes 2, 3 change, this leads to a pressure change of the transmission means 5 located in the chamber 6. The pressure change within the transmission means 5 can be detected by the pressure sensor of the sensor device 4a. The detected pressure change indicates the change in the state of charge of the power source 1 again.
  • the sensor device 4b comprises a force sensor.
  • the force sensor is designed such that it detects a deformation of the chamber 6.
  • the deformation of the chamber 6 is caused by a change in volume within the chamber 6, that is, by a change in volume of the electrodes 2, 3.
  • the deformation of the chamber 6 is shown in Fig. 6 by a dotted line of a deformed lateral surface of the chamber 6.
  • the force sensor of the sensor device 4b is preferably arranged in the region of maximum deformation of the chamber 6.
  • the chamber 6 is formed elastically deformable according to this embodiment. This ensures a reversible deformation of the chamber 6 even with multiple charging and discharging cycles.
  • the sensor device 4c comprises a pressure sensor.
  • the pressure sensor 4c is arranged between an outer wall of the chamber 6 and a housing receptacle 10, which is partially indicated by a dashed line.
  • a force F represented by arrows F, exerted on the pressure sensor of the sensor device 4c, which presses against the chamber receptacle 10.
  • the height of the contact pressure thus reflects the state of charge of the power source 1 again.
  • the pressure sensors and force sensors by means of which such a measurement can be carried out, are well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the evaluation of measured values recorded with such sensors for determining a state of charge of the energy source 1 is also well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the sensor devices 4a, 4b, 4c can comprise suitable measuring electronics for this purpose.
  • Such measuring electronics can be contacted via a separate interface.
  • a measuring signal of the sensors could be impressed as a modulation signal. This makes it possible to integrate the measuring electronics in already existing electronics, for example BMS electronics. In this way costs can be reduced.
  • the invention has been described by way of example with reference to an energy source 1, which is designed as an accumulator.
  • the energy source 1 can be designed, in particular, as an electrochemical double-layer capacitor.
  • Such a capacitor is structurally similar to the accumulator described.
  • the test setup described readily transferable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une source d'énergie pour courant électrique, comprenant un dispositif détecteur pour la détermination d'un état de charge de la source d'énergie. La source d'énergie (1) pour courant électrique selon l'invention, comprend une première électrode (2), une seconde électrode (3) et un dispositif détecteur (4a, 4b, 4c), au moins la première électrode (2) étant telle qu'elle modifie son volume lors de l'utilisation de la source d'énergie, et le dispositif détecteur (4a, 4b, 4c) étant agencé de telle façon que ledit dispositif détecteur (4a, 4b, 4c) détecte une modification de volume d'au moins la première électrode (2), pour la détermination d'un état de charge de la source d'énergie (1).
PCT/EP2010/062429 2009-10-21 2010-08-26 Source d'énergie pour courant électrique présentant un dispositif détecteur pour la détermination d'un état de charge de la source d'énergie WO2011047908A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009045887A DE102009045887A1 (de) 2009-10-21 2009-10-21 Energiequelle für elektrischen Strom mit Sensoreinrichtung zur Ermittlung eines Ladezustandes der Energiequelle
DE102009045887.5 2009-10-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011047908A1 true WO2011047908A1 (fr) 2011-04-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/062429 WO2011047908A1 (fr) 2009-10-21 2010-08-26 Source d'énergie pour courant électrique présentant un dispositif détecteur pour la détermination d'un état de charge de la source d'énergie

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102009045887A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011047908A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011088530A1 (de) * 2011-12-14 2013-06-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Übertragen einer Information aus einer Batteriezelle und Batteriezelle
DE102012208509A1 (de) * 2012-05-22 2013-11-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Zustandsgröße einer Zelle zur Umwandlung von chemischer Energie in elektrische Energie, Zelle, Zellenmodul und Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Zustandsgröße einer Zelle
DE102014201031A1 (de) * 2014-01-21 2015-07-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Batterieeinheit
EP3340364A1 (fr) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-27 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Determiner l'état de charge d'accumulateurs

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2448068A1 (de) * 1974-10-09 1976-04-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Blei-akkumulator mit einem sensor fuer eine ladungszustandsanzeige
US5438249A (en) * 1993-06-08 1995-08-01 Valence Technology, Inc. Method of state-of-charge indication by measuring the thickness of a battery
US5567541A (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-10-22 Lockheed Idaho Technologies Company Method and apparatus for measuring the state of charge in a battery based on volume of battery components
EP1406340A1 (fr) * 2001-06-05 2004-04-07 Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd. Dispositif a batteries de stockage et appareil d'alimentation comprenant ce dispositif

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2448068A1 (de) * 1974-10-09 1976-04-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Blei-akkumulator mit einem sensor fuer eine ladungszustandsanzeige
US5438249A (en) * 1993-06-08 1995-08-01 Valence Technology, Inc. Method of state-of-charge indication by measuring the thickness of a battery
US5567541A (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-10-22 Lockheed Idaho Technologies Company Method and apparatus for measuring the state of charge in a battery based on volume of battery components
EP1406340A1 (fr) * 2001-06-05 2004-04-07 Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd. Dispositif a batteries de stockage et appareil d'alimentation comprenant ce dispositif

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Publication number Publication date
DE102009045887A1 (de) 2011-04-28

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