WO2013174591A1 - Dispositif destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule permettant de transformer de l'énergie chimique en énergie électrique, cellule, module de cellule et procédé destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule - Google Patents

Dispositif destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule permettant de transformer de l'énergie chimique en énergie électrique, cellule, module de cellule et procédé destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013174591A1
WO2013174591A1 PCT/EP2013/058415 EP2013058415W WO2013174591A1 WO 2013174591 A1 WO2013174591 A1 WO 2013174591A1 EP 2013058415 W EP2013058415 W EP 2013058415W WO 2013174591 A1 WO2013174591 A1 WO 2013174591A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cell
galvanic element
determining
galvanic
cells
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/058415
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mathias Bruendel
Remigius Has
Fabian Henrici
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to CN201380026801.9A priority Critical patent/CN104303358B/zh
Publication of WO2013174591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013174591A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4228—Leak testing of cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F22/00—Methods or apparatus for measuring volume of fluids or fluent solid material, not otherwise provided for
    • G01F22/02—Methods or apparatus for measuring volume of fluids or fluent solid material, not otherwise provided for involving measurement of pressure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • Apparatus for determining a state quantity of a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy cell, cell module and method for determining a state quantity of a cell
  • the present invention relates to a device for determining a state quantity of a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, a cell module for providing electrical energy and a method for determining a state quantity of a cell Transformation of chemical energy into electrical energy.
  • Lithium-ion cells are assembled.
  • a major challenge here is an effective battery management system that monitors the function of the individual cells of the battery, controls their charging and discharging processes and ensures safe operation.
  • WO 20061 12639 A1 discloses piezoelectric sensors for detecting a battery
  • the present invention provides a device for determining a state quantity of a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, a cell module for providing electrical energy, and a method for determining a state quantity Cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy according to
  • Cathode and anode materials of lithium-ion batteries are exposed to considerable volumetric expansion and volume contractions at different states of charge.
  • This mechanical stress due to swelling and swelling of the electrodes can damage the individual layers (metal layer, cathode material, separator, anode, etc.) and thus lead to an increase in the electrical resistance and to a reduced performance. To prevent this mechanical stress and the
  • a constant contact pressure can be applied to the cells. This almost completely prevents a change in volume, so that, instead, a mechanical force of galvanic elements or cell coils arranged in the cells occurs against retained outer walls of the cell.
  • z. B. a created by a functionalization of foils in battery cells foil sensor for the detection of mechanical
  • Battery cell lead to a measurable force change. Since usually several cells are combined to form a module and kept in shape by a common strap around the module, the resulting forces add up and are distributed in a first approximation along a common force path evenly on the cells.
  • At least one cell of a battery may be connected to at least one sensor or a plurality, for example, three sensors, for. B. foil sensors, be equipped to from its or their measurements of gas pressure and / or forces and optionally other independently detected, measured values such as cell terminal voltage, an exact, decoupled, calculation of SOH (State of Health), SOC ( State of charge) and
  • Sensor signal of the sensor for detecting the gas pressure with the signal of the sensor or sensors for detecting the force is calculated. Furthermore, values can be consulted about an expansion of the cell coils on the surface in order to "almost eliminate” an influence by neighboring cells and thus to determine the signal of the individual cell. Alternatively, a measurement of cell terminal voltages can be used for this purpose. Thus, the final one
  • Opening the cell can be clearly detected, as this also leads to an influence on the swelling force.
  • a condition monitoring with which, for example, exceeding of critical reference values is detected can, z. B. via an evaluation unit (eg ASIC) a passing of a warning signal to the battery management.
  • an evaluation unit eg ASIC
  • a controllable faster charging and discharging of the battery cells can be made possible due to the detection of the pressure conditions.
  • a further advantage of the concept proposed here is that the detection of the pressure conditions is also realized in the disassembled state of the battery and thus a safe one
  • the pressure can be piezoelectrically reduced and at a detected battery volume reduction, the pressure
  • a device for determining a state variable of a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy comprises the following features: a force sensor for determining a volume change of the cell based on on the volume change to determine the state size; and / or a gas pressure sensor for determining an internal gas pressure of the cell in a free space of the cell located between the at least one galvanic element and the housing in order to determine the state quantity based on the internal gas pressure.
  • the cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy may be a battery cell of a rechargeable battery for driving an electric or hybrid vehicle.
  • the cell may be a lithium-ion cell.
  • the cell may be formed as a prismatic cell with a cuboid housing.
  • the housing may complete the galvanic element or a plurality of galvanic elements
  • the galvanic element may comprise two electrolytic contacting electrodes for the conversion of chemical to electrical energy.
  • the electrodes may be in wound form.
  • Such a cell coil may have an elongated flat shape, so that, for example, a plurality of galvanic
  • the state size can be z.
  • B. relate to a strain state or an internal gas pressure of the cell.
  • the electrodes may increase or decrease in dependence on a state of charge of the galvanic element, or it may become due to aging processes
  • the galvanic element can have an electrically insulating covering foil, which is designed to surround the electrodes and the electrolyte of the galvanic element in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the wrapping film may be formed of an elastic material, for example of a suitable plastic.
  • the cladding film can adapt to the running within the galvanic element chemical and / or physical processes and expand accordingly and contract again.
  • the cell may comprise two contacts guided through a wall of the housing, one of which is electrically connected to the electrode designed as the cathode and the other is electrically connected to the electrode designed as the anode.
  • the force sensor can be designed to detect a force acting on the cell due to the chemical and / or physical processes of the galvanic element. For example, under the force sensor a
  • the force sensor can be firmly connected to at least one subregion of the galvanic element. Due to the fixed connection, the force sensor can also expand with an expansion of the galvanic element, so that a degree of expansion and thus a strain state of the galvanic element can be deduced based on a detected tensile force connected to the strain on the force sensor. For detecting the strain of the force sensor z. B. one
  • the force sensor can, for. B. on a main page or one of the contacts of the cell
  • the gas pressure sensor can be decoupled from an expansion of the galvanic element in the free space of the cell and be designed to detect existing pressure conditions or pressure changes in the free space. Such pressure changes can z. B. consequence of a loading and unloading of the galvanic cell based so-called respiration of the galvanic cell. Furthermore, an outgassing of a defective
  • the galvanic element cause an increase in the gas pressure inside the cell, which can be detected by the gas pressure sensor.
  • the free space of the cell may be in an upper portion of the cell between the housing wall having the contacts and the housing wall towards
  • Embodiments of the apparatus may include a plurality of force sensors and / or a plurality of gas pressure sensors.
  • the force sensor in its function as a strain sensor, may be arranged and formed on a narrow side of the galvanic element facing the free space, in order to produce an expansion based on a change in volume of the galvanic element
  • the force sensor can extend over a width of the narrow side and completely or at least at two points z. B. to be fixed to a cladding film of the galvanic element.
  • This embodiment offers the advantage that an expansion of the galvanic element can be detected in a particularly exact and uninfluenced manner by a pressure of adjacent further galvanic elements or a wall of the housing of the cell.
  • the force sensor can also be arranged and formed on a main side of the galvanic element adjacent to a wall of the housing or to a further galvanic element of the cell, in order to respond to a change in volume of the galvanic element and / or the other
  • the force sensor may be fixed centrally on a main side of the galvanic element.
  • This embodiment offers the advantage that the force sensor is located in a force path extending transversely to the main side and thus is particularly well suited for breathing the cell due to charging and discharging processes of the galvanic element or the to measure galvanic elements of the cell.
  • the force sensor can be used both as a strain sensor and as a piezo force transducer.
  • the force sensor instead of the position on the main side of the galvanic element, can also be arranged at approximately the same height on an outer side of the housing of the cell if an additional cell adjoins this outer side to form a cell module comprising several cells. In this way, the respiration of the cell can be detected.
  • the gas pressure sensor may be designed to detect an internal gas pressure of the cell based on a change in volume of the galvanic element and / or a component leakage from the galvanic element.
  • the state variable can here a charge state and / or a
  • Charge state can describe a current charging or discharging process of the cell and, for example, from a currently prevailing
  • Ambient pressure z.
  • the air pressure can be influenced. This circumstance can also be taken into account by the device presented here.
  • the aging state and tightness of the cell can correlate with a state of health of the cell.
  • a combination of force sensor and gas pressure sensor can make it possible to determine whether z. B. a detected
  • Defect of the cell on an aging of the cell or z. B. is due to a crack of a cladding film of the galvanic element.
  • a battery management system employing the device can operate particularly effectively and thus reduce maintenance and repair costs and improve the safety of a vehicle.
  • the force sensor and / or the gas pressure sensor can be designed as an elastic film functionalized for a measured value acquisition.
  • the force sensor and / or the gas pressure sensor may be applied to a part of the enveloping foil enclosing the galvanic element be such a wrapper.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the sensor can adapt so well to an expansion of the galvanic element and thus capture a measured value in a particularly unadulterated and loss-free manner.
  • the force or gas pressure sensor is particularly space-saving and easy to install in this embodiment.
  • force and gas pressure sensors may be combined in a single foil spanning the entire cell coil.
  • a cell module for providing electrical energy has the following features: a plurality of cells for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, each of the plurality of cells comprising at least one galvanic element and a housing surrounding the galvanic element, and wherein the cells of the plurality of cells in a row are arranged adjacent to each other; a clamping element encompassing the plurality of cells, which is designed to provide a back pressure acting against a pressure caused by a change in volume of the cells; and at least one device according to one of the embodiments explained above, the at least one of the plurality of cells of the
  • the cell module can for example form a drive accumulator for an electric or hybrid vehicle or be part of such a drive accumulator.
  • the tensioning element can be designed as a tensioning band, which is guided around a broad side of the cell arrangement and closely surrounds it. Thus, the tensioning element can provide a back pressure for a widening of the cells caused by volume change of the galvanic cells.
  • the change in volume galvanic elements only one attempted expansion of the cells result in which the forces acting inside the cell can then be better detected and measured by the sensors arranged there.
  • Only one of the cells of the module may have the device proposed herein, or the device may be installed in each of the cells.
  • the device may in each case have a different number of the gas pressure and / or force sensors forming it.
  • a method for determining a state quantity of a cell for the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy, wherein the cell comprises at least one galvanic element and a housing surrounding the galvanic element may comprise the following step:
  • the signal representing the volume change and / or the internal gas pressure may be provided by the force sensor and / or the gas pressure sensor of the device.
  • Device or be executed by a coupled, for example, with a corresponding device controller.
  • the method may be a step of
  • a state of charge of the cell represented by the quantity of state can be determined in the step of the determination.
  • the method may include one signal each of a first force sensor arranged on the narrow side of the galvanic element and a second on the main side of the
  • the method may also include a step of determining the signal representing the gas internal pressure of the cell, namely by detecting a change in the volume of the galvanic element and / or a
  • a density of the cell represented by the state quantity must be determined.
  • one or more steps of the method may be performed by a controller that may be connected to the cell via a CAN bus of a vehicle.
  • a suitable algorithm can be used to determine the state variable.
  • the control unit can be designed to perform or implement the steps of the method according to the invention in corresponding devices. Also by this embodiment of the invention in the form of a control device, the object underlying the invention can be achieved quickly and efficiently.
  • a control device can be understood as meaning an electrical device which processes sensor signals and outputs control and / or data signals in dependence thereon.
  • the controller may have interfaces that may be designed in hardware and / or software. In a hardware training, the interfaces may for example be part of a so-called system ASICs, the various functions of the
  • Control unit includes. However, it is also possible that the interfaces are separate, integrated circuits or at least partially discrete
  • the interfaces may be software modules that are present, for example, on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.
  • An advantage is also a computer program product with program code, which on a machine-readable carrier such as a semiconductor memory, a Hard disk space or an optical storage can be stored and used to carry out the method according to one of the embodiments described above, when the program product is executed on a computer or a device.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cell with a device for determining a state quantity of the cell, according to a
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the cell of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows the cell from FIG. 1 in the expanded state
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cell module according to a
  • 5 is a flowchart of a method for determining a
  • the cell 100 includes a plurality of
  • galvanic elements 105 in the form of flat cell coils, which are enclosed by a housing 1 10 of the cell.
  • the galvanic elements 105 are arranged in the form of a horizontal stack and firmly enclosed by the housing 1 10.
  • the housing 1 10 is formed of aluminum and is at a Top of contacts 1 15 for electrical connection of the galvanic elements 105 pierced. In the sectional view shown here, however, only a contact 15, which contacts (not shown in the illustration) anodes of the galvanic elements 105, is shown.
  • the cell 100 has a device 120 for determining a state variable of the cell 100, the state variable describing a state of health or SOH and / or a state of charge of the cell 100.
  • the device 120 forms a combined sensor and comprises a first force sensor 125, a second force sensor 130 and a
  • the device 120 is here associated with only one of four galvanic elements, but may alternatively all of the cell coils in one
  • the first force sensor 125 is designed as a strain sensor and is arranged parallel to an X-axis indicated by a dashed line in the illustration on a narrow side 145 of the galvanic element 105 which is aligned with a cavity 140 of the cell 100.
  • the strain sensor 125 measures a volume change of the cell coil 105 at the surface by detecting an expansion of the cell coil 105 caused by the volume change.
  • the strain is recorded here by a strain gauge (DMS) integrated in the force sensor 125.
  • DMS strain gauge
  • the second force sensor 130 is centered on a major side of the galvanic element 105 and measures a force by an attempted volume change of the cell coil along the X-axis.
  • the measurement method is here using a strain gauge in soft material, which "flows apart" by force along the X-axis normal to the X-axis.
  • the second force sensor 130 measures an absolute sum of the acting forces along the X-axis and thus a sum of the volume change of all modulus cells 105. Since in the embodiment of the device 120 shown in FIG Force sensor 125 and the second force sensor 130 based on the DMS principle, here the first force sensor 125 and the second force sensor 130 are identical built up.
  • the second force sensor 130, the acting forces also z. B. capacitive or piezoresistive capture.
  • the gas pressure sensor 135 is arranged between two of the cell wraps 105 and aligned with the free space 140 and thus almost completely decoupled from an expansion of the galvanic elements 105. This gas pressure sensor 135 is for measuring a
  • the gas pressure sensor 135 is embodied here capacitively with rigid electrodes and soft attachment to the cell coil 105. As a result, a possible outgassing of the galvanic elements 105 can be monitored, which increases the internal pressure of the cell 100
  • the pressure conditions during charging cycles of the cell 100 can be detected. Furthermore, damage to the cell can also be detected, i. h., An abrupt increase in pressure due to an accident or a large pressure drop by opening the outer shell of the cell 100 or a
  • Hermeticity of the cell 100 can be determined very accurately. However, even with the use of two sensors or only one sensor are meaningful
  • the second force sensor 130 and the gas pressure sensor 135 may be used to calculate the SOH and hermeticity of a cell 100 disposed in a cell module and an SOC averaged over the module. In this case, in addition to the values supplied by the second force sensor 130 and the gas pressure sensor 135
  • Terminal voltages of the cells 100 of the cell module are measured so as to get back to a statement about the SOC of each cell 100.
  • the gas pressure sensor 135 can be used to arrive at a conclusion about the SOH and the hermeticity;
  • the SOC is classically derived from other parameters.
  • a combination of the first force sensor 125 with the gas pressure sensor 135 is possible.
  • the SOH, SOC and hermeticity can be calculated, but with a lower accuracy than if all three sensors 125, 130 and 135 are used.
  • Terminals of sensors 125, 130 and 135 may be routed outwardly via feedthroughs in housing 110 of cell 100 (not shown in the illustration in FIG. 1).
  • the sensors 125, 130 and 135 and optionally a sensor evaluation electronics can be supplied via the cell voltage.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further sectional view of the prismatic battery cell 100 from FIG. 1, with a longitudinal section through the galvanic element 105 having the sensors 125, 130, 135, according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cathode 200 and an anode 205 can be seen, via which an electrical current generated in the galvanic element 105 can be conducted to the contacts of the cell and to the outside.
  • the first force sensor 125 is stretched by a volume change of the cell coil 105.
  • the determination of the elongation takes place as already explained with reference to FIG. 1 with the DMS principle.
  • the second force sensor 130 is in a central area of a main side
  • the second force sensor 130 thus lies in the force path explained in connection with FIG.
  • a plurality of stacked cell coils 105 and thereby measures the force that results from the attempted volume change of the cell coil 105 along the force path.
  • the measurement is performed with DMS in soft material, which "flows apart" normal to X as a result of the force along the X-axis shown in FIG. 1, but may alternatively also be, for example,.
  • the second force sensor 130 may be arranged as shown in Fig. 2, but not the force directly, but a size of a bearing surface between the cell coil 105 and another cell coil 105 or between the cell coil 105 and a Determine wall of the housing 1 10 of the cell 100.
  • the gas pressure sensor 135 is located outside of the force path in an edge region of the cell coil 105 and thus at a position at which the galvanic element 105 can extend unhindered through other cell coils 105 of the stack. The gas pressure sensor 135 is thus decoupled from the expansion and measures the gas pressure within the
  • Cell 100 e.g. B. capacitive with rigid electrodes and soft attachment to the cell coil 105th
  • the sensor layers 125, 130 are limited locally on the carrier foil or wrapping film of the invention for detecting the elongation
  • Cell coils 105 are placed, at positions at which an occurrence of an elongation is maximum. With this measure, the sensitivity of the sensors 125, 130 can be increased.
  • the films for the force or strain sensors 125 and 130 which are functionalized for the measurement value acquisition can, as a variant, also be guided as a whole around the winding 105. The capture of
  • Pressure increase or force increase can then take place over a large area (integral) to u. U. to prevent incorrect readings due to local material fluctuations. A possible distortion of the pressure increase due to
  • Temperature influences can be compensated for example via a second temperature film sensor. In that shown in Fig. 2
  • Embodiment of the device 120 have the locally applied
  • Sensor layers 125, 130, 135 a rectangular shape with rounded corners. According to alternative embodiments, the sensor layers 125, 130, 135 may have any shapes. Also, the sensors 125, 130 and 135 may be distributed instead of a contiguous piece of film, respectively
  • Measurement signals of the first force sensor 125, the second force sensor 130 and the gas pressure sensor 135 can be read out and processed via an electronics (discrete or ASIC) integrated in the cell 100.
  • the evaluation electronics can be integrated with the sensors 125, 130, 135, optionally as polymer electronics, in or on the film.
  • FIG. 3 shows the galvanic cell 100 in that shown in FIG.
  • Embodiment of the present invention With an increase in volume of the galvanic elements 105 due to an incorporation of lithium (Cell charging, SOC maximization) occurs in the absence of back pressure from the outside on the housing 1 10 of the cell 100 as a result of an expansion force 300 indicated by arrows in the illustration to a widening of the cell 100.
  • Fig. 3 shows this state only theoretically, since proper functionality of the apparatus provided herein for determining a conditional size of the cell 100 is an existing backpressure condition.
  • the following Fig. 4 illustrates a way to provide a suitable back pressure.
  • Fig. 4 shows a further perspective view of a
  • FIG. 4 Cross section through an embodiment of a cell module 400, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cross-sectional view shows a plurality of cells 100 that are lined up and adjacent to each other to form the battery module 400.
  • a tensioning element 410 designed as a tension band surrounds the arrangement of cells 100 and thus provides a pre-pressing force acting on the outer surfaces of the cells 100, over which a counter-pressure 420, indicated by arrows in FIG. 4, widens against the outward-acting pressure of the expanding one galvanic elements 105 of the cells 100 can be constructed.
  • the second force sensor 130 of each cell 100 is disposed within the cell.
  • the second force sensor 130 of each cell 100 is disposed within the cell.
  • the second force sensor 130 of each cell 100 is disposed within the cell.
  • the second force sensor 130 of each cell 100 is disposed within the cell.
  • the second force sensor 130 of each cell 100 is disposed within the cell.
  • the second force sensor 130 of each cell 100 is disposed within the cell.
  • Cell module 400 exchange sensors, or their electronics, which are installed in adjacent cells 100, their data directly, without detour via the controller, and calculate the individual SOH and SOC of the cells 100 involved from the sum of these data.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a flowchart of a method 500 for determining a state quantity of a cell for converting chemical energy into electrical energy, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the cell is associated with a device for determining a state size of the cell, as presented with reference to the preceding figures.
  • a cell is placed on a narrow side of a galvanic cell and / or on a main side transverse to the narrow side the galvanic element detects a change in volume of the galvanic element and sends a corresponding signal to a device coupled to the control unit.
  • a gas internal pressure of the cell existing in the clearance is detected in a free space between the narrow side of the galvanic element and a housing of the cell, and in turn a corresponding signal is sent to the control device coupled to the device.
  • Steps 510A and 51BB may be concurrent or
  • step 510A or step 51B0 may omit step 510A or step 51B0.
  • step 520 based on the signal representing the volume change of the galvanic element and / or on the signal representing the gas internal pressure, the
  • the method 500 may include a control loop or be part of a control loop which, based on the sensor data, the load and
  • the method 500 can also regulate cell heating on the basis of the measured values. A detected loss of
  • Hermetic or a critical SOH can the central vehicle control unit and / or the driver -. B. via a warning light - be communicated.
  • a characteristic field can be used, which may have been obtained from test drives.
  • a (polymer) switch matrix can be used to multiplex the sensor signals.
  • the embodiments described and shown in the figures are chosen only by way of example. Different embodiments may be combined together or in relation to individual features. Also, an embodiment can be supplemented by features of another embodiment. Furthermore, method steps according to the invention can be repeated as well as carried out in a sequence other than that described.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (120) destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule (100) permettant de transformer de l'énergie chimique en énergie électrique, la cellule (100) comportant au moins un élément galvanique (105) et un boîtier (110) entourant l'élément galvanique (105). Le dispositif (120) comprend un capteur de force (125, 130) destiné à déterminer un changement de volume de la cellule (100), pour déterminer ledit paramètre d'état sur la base dudit changement de volume, et/ou un capteur de pression de gaz (135) destiné à déterminer une pression de gaz intérieure de la cellule (100) dans un espace libre (140) de la cellule (100) lequel se trouve entre l'au moins un élément galvanique (105) et le boîtier (110), pour déterminer ledit paramètre d'état sur la base de ladite pression de gaz intérieure.
PCT/EP2013/058415 2012-05-22 2013-04-24 Dispositif destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule permettant de transformer de l'énergie chimique en énergie électrique, cellule, module de cellule et procédé destiné à déterminer un paramètre d'état d'une cellule WO2013174591A1 (fr)

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CN201380026801.9A CN104303358B (zh) 2012-05-22 2013-04-24 用于确定用于转换化学能成电能的电池的状态参数的装置，电池，电池模块和用于确定电池的状态参数的方法

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DE201210208509 DE102012208509A1 (de) 2012-05-22 2012-05-22 Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln einer Zustandsgröße einer Zelle zur Umwandlung von chemischer Energie in elektrische Energie, Zelle, Zellenmodul und Verfahren zum Ermitteln einer Zustandsgröße einer Zelle
DE102012208509.2 2012-05-22

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CN114114043A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-03-01 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种锂电池循环过程中膨胀检测方法

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WO2021001108A1 (fr) * 2019-07-03 2021-01-07 Iee International Electronics & Engineering S.A. Détection d'emballement thermique de batteries de traction automobile utilisant un capteur de pression à résistance de détection de force (fsr)
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DE102021212386A1 (de) 2021-11-03 2023-05-04 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Energiespeichervorrichtung und Verfahren zu einem Überwachen einer Energiespeichervorrichtung
DE102022128689A1 (de) 2022-10-28 2024-05-08 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Batteriezellenanordnung, Batterie und Fortbewegungsmittel

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CN113242977A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2021-08-10 Saft公司 估算电化学元件的soh和soc
CN114114043A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-03-01 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种锂电池循环过程中膨胀检测方法
CN114114043B (zh) * 2021-10-29 2023-10-10 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 一种锂电池循环过程中膨胀检测方法

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