WO2011042981A1 - 固体撮像装置及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
固体撮像装置及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011042981A1 WO2011042981A1 PCT/JP2009/067600 JP2009067600W WO2011042981A1 WO 2011042981 A1 WO2011042981 A1 WO 2011042981A1 JP 2009067600 W JP2009067600 W JP 2009067600W WO 2011042981 A1 WO2011042981 A1 WO 2011042981A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14603—Special geometry or disposition of pixel-elements, address-lines or gate-electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14609—Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14609—Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
- H01L27/14612—Pixel-elements with integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements involving a transistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14683—Processes or apparatus peculiar to the manufacture or treatment of these devices or parts thereof
- H01L27/14689—MOS based technologies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid-state imaging device, and more particularly to a solid-state imaging device having a charge holding portion in a pixel.
- a configuration in which a charge holding unit is provided separately from a photoelectric conversion unit and a floating diffusion (hereinafter referred to as FD) in a pixel has been studied.
- the charge holding unit in the pixel is provided for realizing a global electronic shutter as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, or for expanding a dynamic range as described in Patent Document 3. .
- Patent Document 4 even in a configuration having an AD converter for each pixel, a charge holding unit in the pixel is provided.
- Patent Document 1 a P-type semiconductor region is formed on a surface portion so as to separate an electrode TX1 on a charge holding portion formed of an N-type semiconductor region and an electrode TX2 for transferring charges of the charge holding portion.
- Arranged configurations are disclosed. Such a configuration is supposed to prevent dark current to the storage region.
- Patent Document 1 a P-type semiconductor region is disposed so as to separate two transfer gate structures, and an N-type semiconductor region constituting a charge holding portion is disposed below the P-type semiconductor region. For this reason, it is difficult to control the charge transfer efficiency in the charge path under the P-type semiconductor region provided so as to separate the two transfer gate structures independently of the impurity concentration of the charge holding portion. Therefore, when priority is given to the performance of the charge holding unit, it is difficult to improve the transfer efficiency of the charge path from the charge holding unit to the sense node.
- the present invention has been made based on this problem, and an object thereof is to improve the charge transfer efficiency from the charge holding unit to the FD regardless of the impurity concentration of the charge holding unit.
- the present invention provides a photoelectric conversion unit that generates a charge according to incident light, and a first conductivity type that holds the charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit at a location different from the photoelectric conversion unit.
- a solid comprising a plurality of pixels having a charge holding portion including a first semiconductor region and a transfer portion including a transfer gate electrode for controlling a potential between the charge holding portion and a sense node.
- the charge holding unit includes a control electrode disposed above the first semiconductor region via an insulating film, and is provided on a surface of the semiconductor region between the control electrode and the transfer gate electrode.
- a second conductivity type second semiconductor region having an impurity concentration higher than that of the first semiconductor region is disposed, and a first conductivity type is provided in a charge path from the charge holding portion below the second semiconductor region to the sense node.
- the third semiconductor region Are, the impurity concentration of said third semiconductor region being higher than the impurity concentration of the first semiconductor region.
- the present invention it is possible to improve the charge transfer efficiency from the charge holding unit to the FD regardless of the impurity concentration of the charge holding unit.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pixel cross section of a solid-state imaging device according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a pixel of a solid-state imaging device according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pixel cross section of a solid-state imaging device according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pixel upper surface of a solid-state imaging device according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing an impurity concentration profile in a YY ′ section of FIG. 3. It is pixel sectional drawing in order to show an example of the manufacturing method of the solid-state imaging device of this invention. It is an equivalent circuit diagram of the solid-state imaging device of the present invention.
- the semiconductor conductivity type will be described assuming that the first conductivity type is N-type and the second conductivity type is P-type, but this may be reversed. The only difference is whether the signal charge is an electron or a hole.
- the cross-sectional view of each pixel relates to a part of one pixel, but an actual device has a configuration including a plurality of pixels.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cross section of a pixel of a solid-state imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Reference numeral 101 is a photoelectric conversion unit.
- a photodiode including a P-type semiconductor region and an N-type semiconductor region is used.
- Reference numeral 102 denotes a charge holding unit.
- the charge holding unit 102 includes an N-type semiconductor region (first semiconductor region) that can hold the charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit.
- Reference numeral 103 denotes a transfer unit.
- the transfer unit 103 transfers the charge held by the charge holding unit to the sense node.
- Reference numeral 104 denotes a sense node.
- the sense node is, for example, an FD electrically connected to the gate of a pixel amplification MOS transistor.
- the sense node may be electrically connected to a vertical signal line (not shown) instead of being electrically connected to the gate of the MOS transistor for pixel amplification.
- the photoelectric conversion unit 101, the charge holding unit 102, the transfer unit 103, and the sense node 104 are arranged in the P-type well 107.
- the P-type well 107 is formed on the surface side of the N-type substrate 116 by ion implantation or epitaxial growth.
- a P-type semiconductor substrate may be used instead of the N-type substrate 116 on which the P-type well 107 is formed.
- the N-type semiconductor region 105 and 106 are N-type semiconductor regions.
- the N-type semiconductor region 105 is formed inside the N-type semiconductor region 106 and has a higher N-type impurity concentration than the N-type semiconductor region 106.
- a P-type semiconductor region 108 and a PN junction are formed.
- the N-type semiconductor region 106 forms a PN junction with the P-type well 107.
- the above-described photoelectric conversion unit 101 includes N-type semiconductor regions 105 and 106, a P-type well 107, and a high-concentration P-type semiconductor region 108.
- the charge holding unit 102 is an N-type semiconductor region.
- the N-type semiconductor region 110 is a first semiconductor region that holds electric charges at a location different from the photoelectric conversion portion.
- Reference numeral 112 denotes a control electrode.
- the charge holding unit 102 described above includes an N-type semiconductor region 110 and a control electrode 112.
- the charge holding unit 102 of this embodiment includes a control electrode 112 on the N-type semiconductor region 110 with an insulating film 109 interposed therebetween.
- the control electrode 112 controls the potential on the semiconductor surface side of the N-type semiconductor region 110.
- a negative voltage is preferably applied to the control electrode.
- the transfer gate electrode 113 is a transfer gate electrode. Due to the bias supplied to the transfer gate electrode 113, an electron transfer path is formed in a partial region of the P-type well 107 adjacent to the N-type semiconductor region 110. The transfer gate electrode 113 switches between the formation and non-formation states of the transfer path according to the supplied bias and controls the electrical connection between the charge holding portion and the FD.
- the N-type semiconductor region 114 is an FD.
- the FD 114 functions as a sense node.
- the sense node may be a semiconductor region in which a signal is output according to the amount of charge accumulated therein.
- the light blocking member 115 is a light shielding member.
- the light blocking member 115 reduces the light incident on the charge holding unit 102, the transfer unit 103, and the sense node 104, and preferably completely blocks the incident light.
- 116 is a P-type semiconductor region (second semiconductor region). It is disposed on the surface portion between the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113. By providing this P-type semiconductor region, dark current in the charge transfer path for transferring charges to the FD 114 can be suppressed.
- N-type semiconductor region 117 is an N-type semiconductor region (third semiconductor region). Arranged below the P-type semiconductor region 116.
- the N-type semiconductor region 110 constituting the charge holding portion is arranged in a separate process and in a separate process.
- P-type semiconductor region 116 and N-type semiconductor region 117 constitute a PN junction.
- the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 117 is higher than the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 110.
- the transfer characteristics can be determined without depending on the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 110, the number of saturated charges in the charge holding portion can be designed independently.
- the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 117 is preferably high to some extent.
- the impurity concentration of the entire N-type semiconductor region 110 becomes too high.
- a voltage for transferring most of the charges, preferably all charges, from the charge holding portion becomes high.
- the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 110 it is preferable to reduce the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 110 to some extent in order not to increase the voltage at the time of transfer so much.
- the N-type semiconductor region 117 is formed by extending the N-type semiconductor region 110 that constitutes the charge holding portion, the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 117 is lowered and the charge transfer efficiency is lowered. End up. Therefore, as in this embodiment, the N-type semiconductor regions 110 and 117 are formed as separate regions, and the impurity concentration of the N-type semiconductor region 117 is higher than that of the N-type semiconductor region 110, thereby increasing the voltage during transfer. It is possible to improve transfer efficiency without doing so.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a pixel cross section of the present embodiment. Parts having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the difference from the first embodiment is the depth at which the N-type semiconductor region 117 is arranged.
- the N-type semiconductor region 117 is disposed at substantially the same depth as the N-type semiconductor region 110.
- the N-type semiconductor region 117 is disposed at a position deeper than the N-type semiconductor region 110. Has been.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a pixel of this embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a top view of the pixel.
- FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of an impurity profile in the YY ′ cross section of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AB of FIG. Parts having the same functions as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- This embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that a P-type semiconductor region 301 (fourth semiconductor region) is disposed below the N-type semiconductor region 110. Furthermore, a P-type semiconductor region 302 (fifth semiconductor region) composed of a plurality of semiconductor regions is disposed below the P-type semiconductor region 301. Here, it is composed of four P-type semiconductor regions 302a to 302d. The number of P-type semiconductor regions is not limited to this.
- the 301 is a high concentration P-type semiconductor region, and the impurity concentration of the P-type semiconductor region 301 is higher than the impurity concentration of the P-type well 107.
- a PN junction is formed directly without passing through the N-type semiconductor region 110 and the P-type well 107.
- the impurity concentration profile in the depth direction of the P-type semiconductor region 301 may be a profile having an impurity concentration peak at a certain depth.
- the peak of the impurity concentration of the P-type semiconductor region 301 is preferably at a position shallower than 0.5 ⁇ m from the surface.
- the mechanism of charge transfer from the charge holding unit to the sense node will be described.
- a reset voltage is supplied to the N-type semiconductor region 110 via the sense node.
- the charge of the photoelectric conversion unit 101 is transferred to the N-type semiconductor region 110.
- charges are sequentially transferred from the charge holding unit to the sense node. Transfer is performed for each pixel row or for a plurality of pixel rows.
- the N-type semiconductor region 110 is supplied with a reverse bias via the transfer unit 103. Charge is transferred by depletion of the N-type semiconductor region 110 due to reverse bias.
- the N-type semiconductor region 110 In order to transfer most, preferably all, of the charge held in the N-type semiconductor region 110 to the sense node, most, preferably all, of the N-type semiconductor region 110 needs to be depleted. In order to suppress the spread of the depletion layer at this time, it is preferable that the N-type semiconductor region 110 directly forms a PN junction with the high-concentration P-type semiconductor region 111 without passing through the P-type well 107. This is because, since the impurity concentration of the P-type semiconductor region that forms the PN junction with the N-type semiconductor region 110 is high, the spread of the depletion layer to the P-type semiconductor region is suppressed. Therefore, even if the reverse bias voltage supplied via the transfer unit is small, most or all of the N-type semiconductor region 110 can be depleted.
- the impurity concentration of the high concentration P-type semiconductor region 301 is higher than the impurity concentration of the region at the same depth as the P-type semiconductor region 301 below the transfer path.
- the high concentration P-type semiconductor region 301 does not extend to the lower part of the transfer gate electrode 113. According to this configuration, it is possible to form a transfer path in the P-type well below the transfer gate electrode 113 without increasing the bias voltage supplied to the transfer gate electrode 113.
- a P-type semiconductor region 302 is disposed below a part of the P-type semiconductor region 301.
- the P-type semiconductor region 302 extends to the lower part of the transfer gate electrode 113 and the lower part of the FD 114.
- the P-type well 107 is separated into two regions 107a and 107b.
- the P-type semiconductor region 302 may be configured to extend below at least a part of each of the P-type semiconductor region 301, the transfer gate electrode 113, and the FD 114. Further, ion implantation may be further performed in the region 107b to form a P-type semiconductor region.
- All or some of the end portions of the plurality of semiconductor regions included in the P-type semiconductor region 302 are offset from the photoelectric conversion portion side in the same pixel with respect to the end portion of the charge holding portion.
- An N-type semiconductor region 106 that constitutes a part of the photoelectric conversion unit is disposed in the offset portion.
- the ends of the P-type semiconductor regions 302 and 303 on the photoelectric conversion unit side are offset from the photoelectric conversion unit. According to this configuration, it is possible to have sensitivity to light incident from an oblique direction. All the pixels may have such an arrangement, or only a part of the pixels may be used.
- Reference numeral 401 denotes a portion where circuits constituting the pixels are arranged. Specifically, an amplification MOS transistor, a reset MOS transistor, and the like. An example of this equivalent circuit will be described later.
- Reference numeral 402 denotes an element isolation region. Provided to isolate active regions. Either a field region composed of an insulating film or diffusion separation composed of PN junction isolation is disposed. A contact plug 403 is electrically connected to the FD. The FD and the gate of the amplification MOS transistor are electrically connected.
- Reference numeral 404 denotes an active region in which elements are arranged.
- a region where the P-type semiconductor region 302 is arranged is indicated by a dotted line, and a region where the P-type semiconductor region 116 and the N-type semiconductor region 201 are arranged is indicated by a one-dot chain line. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the end portion of the P-type semiconductor region 302 is offset from the photoelectric conversion portion side in the same pixel with respect to the end portion of the charge holding portion. As described above, the N-type semiconductor region 106 constituting a part of the photoelectric conversion unit is disposed in the offset portion.
- FIG. 5 shows an impurity concentration profile in the YY ′ cross section of FIG.
- the vertical axis represents the net impurity concentration (net concentration) compensated by the reverse conductivity type impurity.
- the horizontal axis indicates the depth from one main surface where the light receiving portion of the semiconductor substrate is disposed.
- Each of the P-type semiconductor regions 302a to 302d has an impurity concentration peak.
- the P-type semiconductor regions 301 and 302 are configured such that the region closest to the surface has the highest peak value.
- the effect of improving the sensitivity of the photoelectric conversion unit can be obtained.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a pixel cross section for explaining a manufacturing process of the solid-state imaging device of the present invention. Parts having the same functions as those of the embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the first feature of this manufacturing method is that the N-type semiconductor region 110 and the P-type semiconductor region 301 are formed using the same mask (first mask).
- the second point is that the P-type semiconductor region 116 and the N-type semiconductor region 201 arranged in the gap portion between the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113 are formed using the same mask.
- FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram of a pixel cross section when the P-type semiconductor region 301 is formed.
- Reference numeral 601 denotes a mask pattern formed of, for example, a photoresist.
- a photoresist is formed on the entire surface of the substrate. Thereafter, the photoresist is exposed so that an opening is formed in a region where the N-type semiconductor region 110 of the charge holding portion is to be disposed.
- N-type impurity ions are implanted using the photoresist pattern formed by the exposure process as a mask pattern (first mask pattern).
- Arsenic, phosphorus, or the like can be used as the impurity.
- P-type impurity ions are implanted as a second impurity implantation step for forming the high-concentration P-type semiconductor region 301 without passing through the step of removing the photoresist mask.
- the impurity at this time boron or the like can be used.
- heat treatment is performed to recover crystal defects and the like that occur during ion implantation. In this way, the N-type semiconductor region 110 and the P-type semiconductor region 301 are formed using the same mask pattern.
- the first impurity implantation step for forming the N-type semiconductor region and the second impurity implantation step for forming the P-type semiconductor region may be performed in the reverse order.
- the photoresist mask 601 is removed.
- the P-type semiconductor region 302 is formed so as to be offset from the photoelectric conversion portion by a mask different from the first mask. Then, the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113 are formed.
- a photoresist is formed on the entire surface of the substrate. Thereafter, the photoresist is exposed to form a photoresist mask (second mask) so that the semiconductor substrate is covered except for the gap between the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113.
- a photoresist mask (second mask) so that the semiconductor substrate is covered except for the gap between the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113.
- a photoresist is formed covering at least a part of the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113 and other regions.
- P-type impurity ions are implanted in a self-aligned manner with respect to the control electrode 112 and the transfer gate electrode 113 to form a P-type semiconductor region 116 (third impurity implantation step).
- N-type impurity ions are implanted without removing the second mask to form the N-type semiconductor region 201 (fourth impurity implantation step).
- the dose amount of the impurity ions is increased as compared with the first impurity implantation step so that the impurity concentration is higher than at least the N-type semiconductor region 110.
- heat treatment is performed to recover crystal defects and the like that occur during ion implantation.
- the P-type semiconductor regions 301 and 116 and the N-type semiconductor region 201 can be formed without requiring a significant increase in manufacturing steps. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the shift of the N-type semiconductor region 110 and the P-type semiconductor region 301 in the direction horizontal to the substrate surface. Therefore, it is possible to enlarge a portion where the N-type semiconductor region 110 and the P-type semiconductor region 301 directly constitute a PN junction. In addition, it is possible to suppress the positional deviation between the P-type semiconductor region 116 and the N-type semiconductor region 201, and it is possible to suppress transfer variation for each pixel.
- Only one of the first and second impurity implantation steps and the third and fourth impurity implantation steps may be performed using the same mask.
- FIG. 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a solid-state imaging device applicable to all the embodiments described above.
- a solid-state imaging device having this equivalent circuit can perform a global electronic shutter operation.
- Reference numeral 801 is a photoelectric conversion unit.
- a photodiode is used.
- Reference numeral 802 denotes a charge holding unit. The signal charge generated in the photoelectric conversion unit is held.
- Reference numeral 803 denotes a sense node of the amplification unit. For example, the gate electrode of the amplification transistor electrically connected to FD and FD corresponds to this.
- Reference numeral 804 denotes a first transfer unit. The charge in the charge holding unit is transferred to the sense node of the amplification unit.
- Reference numeral 805 denotes a second transfer unit provided as necessary. The second transfer unit can also serve as a control electrode of the charge holding unit. The function as a control electrode of the charge holding unit may be provided without providing the transfer function.
- the function as the second transfer unit is to transfer the charge of the photoelectric conversion unit to the charge holding unit.
- Reference numeral 808 denotes a reset unit.
- a reference voltage is supplied to at least the input section of the amplification section. Further, a reference voltage may be supplied to the charge holding unit.
- a selection unit 807 is provided as necessary.
- a signal for each pixel row is output to the signal line.
- Reference numeral 806 denotes an amplifying transistor constituting the amplifying unit.
- a source follower circuit is configured with a constant current source provided on the signal line.
- Reference numeral 809 denotes a charge discharge control unit. The connection between the photoelectric conversion unit and a power supply line functioning as an overflow drain (hereinafter, OFD) is controlled.
- OFD overflow drain
- the equivalent circuit is not limited to this, and a part of the configuration may be shared by a plurality of pixels. Further, the present invention can be applied to a configuration in which the control wiring of each element is fixed at a constant voltage and conduction control is not performed.
- the second transfer unit may be configured as a buried channel type MOS transistor so that charges generated in the photoelectric conversion unit immediately flow into the charge holding unit. This is a configuration in which even in a non-conducting state, there is a portion where the energy barrier is partially lowered at a portion deeper than the surface.
- the charge transfer unit can be in a state where a constant voltage is supplied without performing positive control. That is, a fixed potential barrier may be provided without having a function as a transfer unit.
- the potential of the charge path between the photoelectric conversion unit and the charge holding unit is between the photoelectric conversion unit and the OFD region. It can be said that it is lower than the potential of the charge path.
- the potential here is a potential with respect to a signal charge.
- the charge that has moved from the photoelectric conversion unit to the first charge holding unit during one exposure period is held in the first charge holding unit and used as an image signal.
- the signal is read out to the outside of the pixel without going through the reset operation of the charge holding unit. Note that one exposure period is determined in common by each photoelectric conversion unit when an image of one frame is taken.
- charge transfer from the photoelectric conversion unit to the charge holding unit can be performed at a low voltage.
- the global exposure can be performed relatively easily, but the charge of the photoelectric conversion unit is discharged to the OFD region during the transfer period from the charge holding unit to the FD region, and thus the image becomes intermittent. .
- image continuity is particularly necessary, it is possible to obtain a continuous image by performing line exposure. Both can be switched as required.
- the present invention can also be implemented in a solid-state imaging device in which a charge holding unit is provided in a pixel for improving the dynamic range and charges are transferred from the charge holding unit to the sense node.
- the present invention is not limited to each embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the invention.
- it can be used in a configuration that does not include the control electrode 112.
- the N-type semiconductor region 110 is selectively connected to a power source via a contact plug and a switch.
- Photoelectric conversion unit 102 Charge holding unit 114 Control electrode 113 Transfer gate electrode 116 P-type semiconductor region 117, 201 N-type semiconductor region
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Abstract
Description
図1は本発明に係る一実施形態である固体撮像装置の画素断面の概略図である。
図2に本実施例の画素断面の概略図を示す。実施例1と同様の機能を有する部分には同様の符号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。
図3に本実施例の画素断面の概略図、図4に画素の上面図を示す。図5に図3のY-Y´断面における不純物プロファイルの概念図である。図3は図4のA-B部分の断面図となる。実施例1、2と同様の機能を有する部分には同様の符号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。
図6に本発明の固体撮像装置の製造プロセスを説明するための画素断面の概略図を示す。各実施例と同様の機能を有する部分には同様の符号を付し詳細な説明は省略する。
図7は以上に述べた全実施例に適用可能な固体撮像装置の等価回路図である。この等価回路を有する固体撮像装置はグローバル電子シャッタ動作が可能となる。
102 電荷保持部
114 制御電極
113 転送ゲート電極
116 P型半導体領域
117、201 N型半導体領域
Claims (7)
- 入射する光に応じて電荷を生成する光電変換部と、
前記光電変換部で生成された電荷を前記光電変換部とは別の場所で保持する第1導電型の第1半導体領域を含んで構成される電荷保持部と、
前記電荷保持部とセンスノードとの間のポテンシャルを制御する転送ゲート電極を含んで構成される転送部と、を有する画素を複数備える固体撮像装置であって、
前記電荷保持部は、前記第1半導体領域の上部に絶縁膜を介して配された制御電極を含み、
前記制御電極と前記転送ゲート電極との間の半導体領域の表面に、前記第1半導体領域よりも不純物濃度が高い第2導電型の第2半導体領域が配され、
前記第2半導体領域の下部の前記電荷保持部から前記センスノードヘの電荷経路に、第1導電型の第3半導体領域が配されており、
前記第3半導体領域の不純物濃度は前記第1半導体領域の不純物濃度よりも高いことを特徴とする固体撮像装置。 - 前記第1半導体領域の下部に、前記第1半導体領域とPN接合を構成するように第2導電型の第4半導体領域が配されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の固体撮像装置。
- 前記センスノードはフローティングディフュージョンを含み、
前記第4半導体領域よりも深い位置に、前記第4半導体領域の少なくとも一部、前記転送ゲート電極、及び前記フローティングディフュージョンのそれぞれの下部にわたって配された第2導電型の第5半導体領域を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記第5半導体領域は、深さの異なる複数の第2導電型の半導体領域を含んで構成されることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の固体撮像装置。
- 前記画素の各々において、前記第5半導体領域の光電変換部側の端部が、前記第2半導体領域の光電変換部側の端部に比べて、光電変換部から離れた位置にあり、
前記第2半導体領域の少なくとも一部の下部に前記光電変換部の一部を構成する第1導電型の半導体領域が配されたことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の固体撮像装置。 - 前記光電変換部と前記電荷保持部との間の電荷経路が埋め込みチャネルであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の固体撮像装置。
- 請求項1~6に記載の固体撮像装置の製造方法であって、前記第2半導体領域と前記第3半導体領域とは、同一マスクを用いて、前記制御電極及び前記転送ゲート電極に対してセルフアラインで形成されることを特徴とする固体撮像装置の製造方法。
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CN200980161788.1A CN102549748B (zh) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-10-09 | 固态图像拾取器件及其制造方法 |
KR1020127010862A KR101420710B1 (ko) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-10-09 | 고체 촬상장치 및 그 제조방법 |
JP2011535252A JP5539373B2 (ja) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-10-09 | 固体撮像装置及びその製造方法 |
PCT/JP2009/067600 WO2011042981A1 (ja) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-10-09 | 固体撮像装置及びその製造方法 |
US12/899,404 US8710613B2 (en) | 2009-10-09 | 2010-10-06 | Pickup device and method for manufacturing the same |
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JP5743837B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-07 | 2015-07-01 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光電変換装置、撮像装置および撮像システム |
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JP6231741B2 (ja) | 2012-12-10 | 2017-11-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | 固体撮像装置およびその製造方法 |
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WO2023184265A1 (zh) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-05 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | 固体拍摄装置、以及具备固体拍摄装置的拍摄装置 |
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