Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
  • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
  • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
  • D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
  • D06M10/04—Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
  • D06M10/08—Organic compounds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
  • D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
  • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
  • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
  • D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
  • D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
  • D21H19/56—Macromolecular organic compounds or oligomers thereof obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H19/58—Polymers or oligomers of diolefins, aromatic vinyl monomers or unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
  • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
  • H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
  • H05K9/0079—Electrostatic discharge protection, e.g. ESD treated surface for rapid dissipation of charges
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/26—Electrically protective, e.g. preventing static electricity or electric shock
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D1/60—Deposition of organic layers from vapour phase
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D2203/00—Other substrates
  • B05D2203/22—Paper or cardboard
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
  • B05D3/068—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using ionising radiations (gamma, X, electrons)
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
  • B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
  • B05D3/142—Pretreatment
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
  • D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
  • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
  • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
  • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2418—Coating or impregnation increases electrical conductivity or anti-static quality

Definitions

• the present invention relates to electrostatic charge dissipative materials that can be used to protect electrostatic sensitive electronic components or equipment.
• Electrostatic charge dissipative materials can be used between the human body and the electronic components or equipment to prevent or reduce the electrostatic generation and thereby preventing or reducing electrostatic discharge to electronic components or equipment.
• Electrostatic charge dissipative materials can include apparel for individuals working with electronic components or equipment as well as packaging such as materials for wrapping or separating electronic components or equipment for protecting the electronic components or equipment itself. Also, under certain conditions, equipment and materials can develop an electrostatic charge without interaction with the human body. For example, electronic components such as silicon wafers are stacked and stored with sheets used to separate the wafers. These sheets need to help reduce the buildup of an electrostatic charge to protect the wafers.
• the present invention relates to a process for making electrostatic charge dissipative material comprising the following steps: (a) optionally pretreating a substrate in a plasma field; (b) flash evaporating at least one monomer and at least one hygroscopic additive into a vacuum chamber to produce a vapor; (c) condensing the vapor on the substrate to produce a film of the monomer and the hygroscopic additive coating on the substrate; and (d) curing the monomer of the film to produce a polymeric layer containing hygroscopic additive on the substrate; wherein the condensing step is carried out under vapor-density and residence-time conditions that limit the polymeric layer to a maximum thickness of about 3.0 m.
• the electrostatic charge dissipative material can be used in electronic component separators, articles of clothing such as garments, gloves, shoe covers and masks, electrostatic wipes and cleaning articles, electronic coverings or housings, and packaging materials.
• the present invention relates to an electrostatic charge dissipative material made by a process of vacuum deposition of polymers and hygroscopic additives. This process not only makes the material electrostatic charge dissipative but limits the amount of particulate, ionic or gaseous contamination.
• electrostatic charge dissipative refers to a material that has surface resistivity between 10 ⁇ to 10 12 Ohms/sq.
• hygroscopic additive refers to a material that absorbs and retains moisture.
• Patent No. 7,157,117 incorporated herein by reference.
• the invention is practiced by first optionally pretreating the substrate in a plasma field and then immediately subjecting it to the deposition of a thin layer of at least one vaporized monomer containing at least one hydroscopic additive in a vacuum deposition process.
• the monomer film is subsequently polymerized by exposing it to an electron-beam field or other radiation-curing process.
• the monomer is flash-evaporated and condensed on the substrate in a conventional manner trapping the hygroscopic additive on the substrate.
• the residence time of the substrate within the deposition zone of the vacuum chamber is controlled to ensure that a very thin film is deposited. This is achieved by controlling the vapor density and the speed of the moving substrate to limit the thickness of the coating to about 0.02 to 3 ⁇ .
• the substrate can be synthetic or natural materials including polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyaramide fibers, rayon fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, cellulose-based fibers, paper, cotton, wool, and films.
• the substrate is typically provided in the form of a nonwoven or woven fabric or sheet.
• the monomer is selected from acrylic, methacrylic and vinyl monomers.
• the hygroscopic additive is salt free and has a functional group of a hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfonic, phosphonic, amino, amido, guanidino, alkyl or aryl hydrogen phosphate, alkyl or aryl hydrogen sulfate, ether and imine.
• the hygroscopic additive comprises between 1 to 50% by weight of the combined hygroscopic additive/polymeric layer.
• the electrostatic charge dissipative material of the present invention has useful electronic properties as measured by surface resistivity and electrostatic decay time.
• the surface resistivity of the electrostatic charge dissipative material is between about 10 6 to about 10 12 Ohms/square.
• the electrostatic decay time of the electrostatic charge dissipative material when subjected to a voltage of +5 or -5 kV is less than about 2 seconds.
• the electrostatic charge dissipative material of the present invention has useful contamination prevention properties as measured by particle loss, inorganic aqueous ion loss, and gas loss.
• the particle loss of the electrostatic charge dissipative material is less than about 2,000 for particles between 0.5 to 1 pm in diameter, less than about 1 ,000 for particles between 1 to 3 pm in diameter, and less than about 200 for particles between 3 to 5 ⁇ in diameter per m 2 of material.
• the inorganic aqueous ion loss of the electrostatic charge dissipative material is less than about 50 pg/g.
• the gas loss of the electrostatic charge dissipative material is less than about 200 pg/g.
• the electrostatic charge dissipative material of the present invention can be used as an electronic component separator, an article of clothing including garments, gloves, shoe covers and mask, an electrostatic wipe or cleaning article, an electronic covering or housing, and a packaging material.
• ASTM refers to the American Society of Testing Materials.
• MIL refers to the United States military standard methods.
• Electrostatic Decay Time was measured according to MlL-B-
• Particle Loss was measured using a liquid particle counter to determine the size and frequency distribution of particles. Isopropyl alcohol was used as the extracting medium. A laser is used to categorize particles. Results are reported in number of particles lost for a range of particle diameter sizes per 100 square inches of material and normalized to number of particles/m 2 .
• Comparative Example A was a substrate of a high density polyethylene plexifilamentary film-fibril nonwoven sheet of Tyvek® 1073B ⁇ (available from the DuPont Co., Wilmington, Delaware). It was measured as received for various electrostatic charge dissipation and contamination data and the results were listed in the Table. Comparative Example A had poor (high) electrostatic charge dissipation properties.
• Comparative Example B used the same substrate as in
• Comparative Example A Comparative Example A.
• Comparative Example B was plasma treated.
• the plasma treatment comprised exposure of the substrate to an 80% argon/20% oxygen plasma of 0.125 W/m in vacuum. Subsequently it was coated on one side with a mohomeric acrylate-based formulation of beta-carboxyethyl acrylate (BCEA available from BCEA.
• BCEA beta-carboxyethyl acrylate
• Comparative Example C was Carbon Separator elL8-200-0.13-X, a carbon black filled polyethylene film wafer separator, (available from Netmotion, Fremont, California) was measured as received for various electrostatic charge dissipation and contamination data and the results were listed in the Table. Comparative Example C had good (low) electrostatic charge dissipation properties and poor (high) contamination properties.
• Example 1 used the same substrate and underwent the same plasma, coating and curing steps as in Comparative Example B except a different coating which included a hydroscopic additive was used.
• the coating was BCEA/dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA hygroscopic additive available from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouh)/CD9051 in a ratio of 58/28/14 by weight. Samples were obtained and various electrostatic and contamination data were measured and the results were listed in the Table.
• Example 1 had good (low) electrostatic charge dissipation properties and good (low) contamination properties as compared to Comparative Example C.
• Example 2 used the same substrate and underwent the same plasma, coating and curing steps as in Example 1 except twice the amount of coating was applied. Samples were obtained and various electrostatic and contamination data were measured and the results were listed in the Table. Example 2 had good (low) electrostatic charge dissipation properties and good (low) contamination properties as compared to Comparative Example C.
• Example 3 used the same used the same substrate and underwent the same plasma, coating and curing steps as in Example 1 except an 80% argon/20% nitrogen plasma at 0.9 W/m and a different coating were used.
• the coating was 1 ,6 hexanediol diacrylate (SR238 available from Sartomer Co., Exton, Pennsylvania)/DBSA/lauryl acrylate (SR335 available form Sartomer Co., Exton, Pennsylvania) in a ratio of 40/20/40 by weight. Samples were obtained and various electrostatic and contamination data were measured and the results were listed in the Table.
• Example 3 had good (low) electrostatic charge dissipation properties and good (low) contamination properties as compared to Comparative Example C.
• the Examples of the invention provide good (low) electrostatic charge dissipation properties and good (low) contamination properties making them suitable for use with electrostatic sensitive electronic components or equipment and very low contamination end-use applications.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
• Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-09-17 US US12/884,322 patent/US20110244745A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-09-17 WO PCT/US2010/049226 patent/WO2011037826A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2010-09-17 CN CN201080043466XA patent/CN102549210A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-09-17 KR KR20127010896A patent/KR20120082431A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-09-17 EP EP20100760533 patent/EP2483471A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-09-17 JP JP2012532115A patent/JP2013506061A/ja not_active Abandoned

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