WO2011033829A1 - 溶融金属排出用ノズル - Google Patents
溶融金属排出用ノズル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011033829A1 WO2011033829A1 PCT/JP2010/059308 JP2010059308W WO2011033829A1 WO 2011033829 A1 WO2011033829 A1 WO 2011033829A1 JP 2010059308 W JP2010059308 W JP 2010059308W WO 2011033829 A1 WO2011033829 A1 WO 2011033829A1
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- inner hole
- nozzle
- radius
- molten steel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D46/00—Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a molten metal discharge nozzle that is installed at the bottom of a molten metal container and has an inner hole in the axial direction through which the molten metal passes in order to discharge the molten metal from the molten metal container.
- the upper nozzle that fits into the tundish or ladle tuyere will be described as an example.
- alumina or the like adheres to the wall surface of the inner hole through which the molten steel passes and becomes a deposit.
- the flow path shrinks and hinders operation, and sometimes the flow path is completely blocked and operation becomes impossible.
- a method for preventing the generation of deposits for example, a method has been proposed in which a gas blowing port is provided and an inert gas is blown (see, for example, Patent Document 1 or 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 has a complicated structure because of gas blowing, and it takes time to manufacture and requires gas for operation, leading to an increase in cost. Further, even with a gas blowing type nozzle, it was difficult to completely prevent the generation of deposits.
- an upper nozzle for example, it is composed of a taper portion formed above and a straight portion formed below (see FIG. 8A), or continues from the taper portion to the straight portion.
- An arcuate portion (see FIG. 9A) is widely used.
- FIGS. 2A to 9A shows a state in which the upper nozzle is installed in a sliding nozzle device (hereinafter referred to as “SN device”). And below the dashed line is the inner hole of the upper plate. Further, the lower side of the portion where the inner hole is displaced is the inner hole of the intermediate plate or the lower plate.
- FIG. 8 (b) As shown by the dotted line, it was confirmed that the pressure rapidly changed near the position where the inner hole shape changed from a taper to a straight line (180 mm from the upper end of the inner hole).
- Patent Document 3 In order to keep the flow of molten steel constant, an invention relating to the shape of the inner hole of a steel outlet of a converter has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 3 suppresses entrainment of slag and mixing of oxygen, nitrogen, etc. by not creating a vacuum portion at the center of the molten steel flow, and does not prevent the generation of deposits. Further, in Patent Document 3, the converter (smelting vessel) is targeted, and the effect of preventing slag entrainment or the like is important at the end of molten steel discharge (about 1 minute at the end when the steel output time is 5 minutes). . On the other hand, in order to prevent the occurrence of deposits in a ladle or a tundish (casting container), it is necessary to exhibit an effect particularly at the end of the molten steel discharge, and the time when the effect is expected is also different.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to create a smooth molten metal flow with little energy loss by suppressing pressure generation from the outer periphery of the molten metal flow to the inner hole wall surface, and to suppress the generation of deposits.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a nozzle for discharging a molten metal having a possible inner hole shape.
- the inner diameter r (0) at the upper end of the inner hole is 1.5 times or more the radius r (L) at the lower end of the inner hole.
- the radius r (1 / 4L) of the inner hole at a distance 1 / 4L downward from the upper end of the inner hole is [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + 1 / 4L]] 1 /1.5 ⁇ r (L), [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + 1 / 4L]] 1 / 6 ⁇ r (L)
- the radius r (1 / 2L) of the inner hole at a distance 1 / 2L downward from the upper end of the inner hole is [[L / ⁇
- FIG. 1 is an example of a cross-sectional view of the upper nozzle according to the present invention cut along the axial direction of an inner hole through which molten steel passes.
- an upper nozzle 10 according to the present invention includes an inner hole 11 through which molten steel passes, and the inner hole has a large-diameter portion 12 fitted into a tundish or ladle tuyere, and molten steel.
- emits and the inner-hole wall surface 14 which continues from the large diameter part 12 to the small diameter part 13 are comprised.
- the radius r (0) of the inner hole upper end is 1.5 times or more the radius r (L) of the inner hole lower end (small diameter portion 13).
- the line showing the inner wall surface 14 of the cross section cut along the axis of the hole 11 has no bending point, and when the axial length of the inner hole 11 is L, the upper end of the inner hole is at a distance 1 / 4L downward.
- the radius r (1 / 4L) of the inner hole is [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + 1 / 4L]] 1 /1.5 ⁇ r (L), [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + 1 / 4L]] 1 / 6 ⁇ r (L)
- the radius r (1 / 2L) of the inner hole at a distance 1 / 2L downward from the upper end of the inner hole is [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + 1 / 2L]] 1 /1.5 ⁇ r
- a curve (line) indicated by reference numeral 15 is [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + z]] 1 / 1.5 ⁇ r (L) ...
- Formula A Is a locus of the radius r (z), and a curve (line) indicated by reference numeral 16 is [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + z]] 1/6 ⁇ r (L)...
- Formula B Is a locus of radius r (z).
- the radius r (1 / 4L), r (1 / 2L), r (3 / 4L) of the inner hole at each point divided by four along the central axis of the inner hole is shown in FIG. 1 is between the curve indicated by reference numeral 15 and the curve indicated by reference numeral 16, and the line indicating the inner wall surface 14 cut along the axis of the inner hole 11 has no bending point.
- the inventor of the present application thinks that a smooth (constant) molten steel flow with less energy loss is created by stabilizing the inner wall surface pressure distribution of the nozzle with respect to the height direction, and the inner hole as described below.
- the present inventors have found an inner hole shape of the present invention that can suppress a rapid change in pressure on the wall surface.
- the energy to obtain the molten steel flow velocity is basically the molten steel head in the tundish.
- the flow velocity v (z) of the molten steel at a position z from the upper end of the inner hole is expressed as follows: gravitational acceleration is g, molten steel head height is H ', and flow coefficient is k.
- v (z) k (2g (H ′ + z)) 1/2 It is represented by
- a (z) / A (L) ((H ′ + L) / (H ′ + z)) 1/2 It becomes.
- such a pressure distribution calculation formula using H ′ is based on the premise that the molten steel flows directly and uniformly into the upper end of the inner hole substantially vertically due to the head pressure on the molten steel surface of the tundish.
- the molten steel forms a multi-directional flow from the vicinity of the bottom surface of the tundish near the upper end of the nozzle, which is the starting point of the molten steel discharge port, toward the inner hole. Therefore, in order to accurately grasp the actual pressure distribution in the inner hole, it is necessary to use a head height that has a large influence on the molten steel flow from the bottom of the tundish near the upper end of the nozzle, instead of H ′. .
- H ((r (L) / r (0)) 4 ⁇ L) / (1- (r (L) / r (0)) 4 ) It can be expressed as
- H is defined by the ratio of the radius r (0) of the upper end of the inner hole and the radius r (L) of the lower end of the inner hole and the length L of the inner hole. It affects the molten steel pressure in the inner bore of the inventive nozzle. That is, the rapid pressure change generated in the vicinity of the upper end of the inner hole can be suppressed by the cross-sectional shape of the inner wall surface of the inner hole using H instead of H ′ in Expression 1.
- Fig. 9 shows the image of H in the axial section of the tundish and upper nozzle.
- the upper end of the inner hole is the starting point of the distance z.
- the inventor of the present application conducts sincerity studies, and makes the radius r (0) of the upper end of the inner hole 1.5 times or more the radius r (L) of the lower end of the inner hole, so that abruptly occurring near the upper end of the inner hole It was found that the pressure change can be suppressed.
- the radius r (0) of the upper end of the inner hole is less than 1.5 times the radius r (L) of the lower end of the inner hole, this is a distance for smoothening the shape from the tundish or ladle to the upper nozzle. This is because it is difficult to ensure sufficiently and the shape changes rapidly.
- the radius r (0) at the upper end of the inner hole is desirably 2.5 times or less than the radius r (L) at the lower end of the inner hole. This is because the wider the radius r (0) of the upper end of the inner hole, the wider the tundish and ladle tuyere, which is not realistic.
- r (z) ((H ′ + L) / (H ′ + z)) 1/4 ⁇ r (L)
- r (z) ((H + L) / (H + z)) 1 / n ⁇ r (L) Equation 4
- the inner nozzle is an upper nozzle having a cross-sectional wall with a different value of n
- the distribution of pressure applied to the wall surface of the inner hole was calculated when the height of the head of the tundish or ladle was 1000 mm. The calculation result is shown in FIG. 2B, assuming that the pressure applied to the inner wall at the upper end of the inner hole of the upper nozzle shown in FIG.
- the upper nozzle represented by (Example 2), r (z) [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 2 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 2 -1 ⁇ + z ] 1/2 xr (L)
- r (z) [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 7 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 7 -1 ⁇ + z ] 1/7 xr (L)
- the pressure distribution applied to the inner hole wall surface was calculated and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 using the upper nozzle (Comparative Example 2) represented by (see FIG. 5A). The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
- a sudden pressure change has occurred after the molten steel has flowed from the upper nozzle into the upper plate. It was confirmed that the flow of the molten steel was changing rapidly at places where problems were likely to occur due to kimono. This is because the inner nozzle wall surface of the upper nozzle is tapered and the corner is formed at the contact portion with the upper plate (see FIG. 4 (a)), and the pressure distribution is less inclined and higher at the lower end of the inner hole. This is probably because the pressure is maintained (see FIG. 4B).
- the change in pressure applied to the inner hole wall surface is substantially constant, so the molten steel flow may be a constant flow with little energy loss.
- the hot water level gradually decreases from about 4000 mm, and in the tundish, the hot water level is about 500 mm.
- the molten steel flowing into the tuyere is a molten steel located near the bottom of the tundish or ladle.
- the pressure value changes.
- the pressure distribution is the same as that in each of the examples and comparative examples.
- a smooth nozzle in which no corner (bending point) is formed on the wall surface of the inner hole that is, the curve of the inner hole longitudinal section is the derivative of r (z) with respect to z (d (r (z)). ) / Dz) was examined for a nozzle having a continuous curve.
- a nozzle with a smooth curve in which the curve of the inner hole longitudinal section does not match Equation 6 was examined using three points equally divided by 1/4 along the center axis of the inner hole as a management criterion. .
- a smooth inner hole shape that does not have a bending point is substantially specified. For this reason, if the management standard is satisfied, even if there is a slight difference in the shape of the inner hole, the difference is slight, and it is considered that the same tendency is exhibited with respect to the pressure change.
- Example 5 the inner wall surface of the three holes divided into a length of 230 mm, a diameter of the inner hole large diameter part of 140 mm, a diameter of the inner hole small diameter part of 70 mm, and a quarter along the inner hole central axis, respectively.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 as in Example 4, although a large pressure change was confirmed near the upper end of the inner hole, it was confirmed that the pressure gradually changed thereafter. It can be seen that the flow of the molten steel is almost constant except in the vicinity of the upper end of the inner hole where the diameter is wide and problems are not likely to occur due to deposits.
- Example 6 As in Example 1, it was confirmed that the pressure gradually changed from the upper end to the lower end of the inner hole. It can be seen that the flow of molten steel is almost constant because no sudden pressure change has occurred.
- Comparative Example 3 As in Comparative Example 2, it was confirmed that after a large pressure was generated in the vicinity of the upper end portion of the inner hole, it rapidly decreased. In addition, since the diameter of the inner hole rapidly decreases in the vicinity of the upper end portion of the inner hole, it can be seen that the flow of the molten steel is changing rapidly at a place where the diameter is narrow and the problem is likely to occur due to deposits.
- the inventor also examined the relationship between the pressure distribution applied to the inner hole wall surface of the upper nozzle according to the present invention and the ratio of the inner diameter of the upper end and the lower end of the inner hole.
- the length is 230 mm
- the diameter of the inner hole small diameter part is 70 mm
- the diameter of the inner hole large diameter part is about 1.5 times (1.54 D) the diameter D of the lower end of the inner hole (inner hole small diameter part).
- the diameter of the large inner diameter portion is 140 mm (Example 9) which is twice (2D) the diameter D of the lower end of the inner hole (small inner diameter portion) (Example 9) and 280 mm which is four times (4D) (Example 10).
- Example 4 which is about 1 time (1.06D)
- the pressure distribution applied to the inner hole wall surface was calculated and evaluated.
- the evaluation results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 4 In Comparative Example 4 in which the ratio of the inner hole diameter is about 1 time (1.06D), the pressure change near the upper end of the inner hole is severe, but the ratio of the inner hole diameter is about 1.5 times (1.54D).
- Example 8 that is 2) (2D)
- Example 10 that is 4 (4D)
- the pressure change was almost constant even in the vicinity of the upper end of the inner hole.
- the shape of the wall surface of the inner hole is represented by r (z)
- the wall surface from the tundish or ladle to the upper nozzle becomes gentle as the diameter of the inner hole increases. It can be seen that a rapid pressure change in the vicinity of the upper end of the inner hole can be suppressed by setting it to 1.5 times or more the diameter of the lower end.
- the radius r (z) of the inner hole is [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 1.5 -1 ⁇ + z]] 1 / 1.5 Xr (L), [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) 6 -1 ⁇ + z]] 1/6 Xr (L) and a smooth cross-sectional shape in which no corner (bending point) is formed on the wall surface of the inner hole, that is, the derivative of r (z) with respect to z (d (r (z)) / Dz) shows that the flow of molten steel can be made constant and the
- the shape near the upper end of the inner hole may be determined by factors such as a stopper, but since the inner diameter is large, the influence of the attached matter is small.
- the shape in the vicinity of the lower end portion of the inner hole, the shape may be determined depending on the manufacturing relationship such as being forced to be a straight body portion because an instrument is inserted at the time of manufacture, but even when the present invention is applied, the inner hole Since the vicinity of the lower end has a shape close to a straight body, the influence on the adhesion suppressing effect is small. Therefore, it is good also considering the cross section of an inner-hole wall surface as a shape without a bending point except for the inner-hole upper end vicinity and inner-hole lower end vicinity.
- r (z) [[L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) n -1 ⁇ + L] / [L / ⁇ (r (0) / r (L)) n -1 ⁇ + z ] 1 / n xr (L) (n: 1.5-6)
- a bubbling structure for blowing Ar gas or the like may be provided.
- the upper nozzle is described as an example.
- the molten metal discharge nozzle according to the present invention is not limited to the upper nozzle, and the height of the molten metal, such as an open nozzle, is substantially constant. It can be applied to a nozzle attached to a container such as a tundish.
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Abstract
Description
この流体解析ソフトウェアでの入力パラメータは、以下のとおりである。
・計算セル数:約12万(但し、モデルにより変動あり。)
・流体:水(但し、溶鋼の場合も、相対的に同様に評価できることが確認されている。)
密度998.2kg/m3
粘度0.001003kg/m・s
・ヘッド高さ(H´):1000mm
・圧力:入口(溶鋼面)=((700+ノズル長さmmの値)×9.8)Pa(ゲージ圧)
出口(ノズル下端)=0Pa
・ノズル長さ:230mm
・Viscous Model:K-omega計算
前記内孔の軸に沿って切断した断面の内孔壁面を示すラインに屈曲点がなく、
内孔の軸方向長さをLとしたとき、前記内孔上端から下方へ距離1/4Lにおける内孔の 半径r(1/4L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+1/4L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+1/4L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であり、
前記内孔上端から下方へ距離1/2Lにおける内孔の半径r(1/2L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+1/2L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+1/2L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であり、
前記内孔上端から下方へ距離3/4Lの位置における内孔の半径r(3/4L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+3/4L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+3/4L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であることを特徴とする。
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+1/4L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+1/4L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であり、
前記内孔上端から下方へ距離1/2Lにおける内孔の半径r(1/2L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+1/2L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+1/2L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であり、
前記内孔上端から下方へ距離3/4Lの位置における内孔の半径r(3/4L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+3/4L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+3/4L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内である。
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+z〕]1/1.5×r(L) …式A
による半径r(z)の軌跡であり、符号16で示す曲線(ライン)は、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+z〕]1/6×r(L) …式B
による半径r(z)の軌跡である。
v(z)=k(2g(H´+z))1/2
で表わされる。
Q=v(L)×A(L)=k(2g(H´+L))1/2×A(L)
で表わされる。
A(z)=Q/v(z)=k(2g(H´+L))1/2×A(L)/k(2g(H´+z))1/2
で表わされ、両辺をA(L)で割ると、
A(z)/A(L)=((H´+L)/(H´+z))1/2
となる。
A(z)/A(L)=πr(z)2/πr(L)2=((H´+L)/(H´+z))1/2
r(z)/r(L)=((H´+L)/(H´+z))1/4
となる。
r(z)=((H´+L)/(H´+z))1/4 × r(L) … 式1
で表わされる。
H=((r(L)/r(0))4×L)/(1-(r(L)/r(0))4)
で表わすことができる。
r(0)/r(L)=((H+L)/(H+0))1/4 … 式2
r(0)/r(L)=(1+L/H)1/4
L/H=(r(0)/r(L))4-1
H=L/((r(0)/r(L))4-1) …式3
となる。
r(z)=((H´+L)/(H´+z))1/4 × r(L)
において、溶鋼のヘッド高さH´に代えて計算上のヘッド高さHを用いると共に、
r(z)=((H+L)/(H+z))1/n × r(L) … 式4
として、nの値を変更した断面形状の壁面を備えた内孔形状の上ノズルであれば、n=4以外であっても、従来に比べてスムーズな溶鋼の流れが形成されるのではないかと考え、nの値が異なる壁面形状の内孔を備えた上ノズルについて、内孔壁面に発生する圧力を検証した。
また、計算上のヘッド高さHは、式3に変数nを適用して、
H=L/((r(0)/r(L))n-1) … 式5
で表わされる。
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L)) n-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L)) n-1}+z〕]1/n×r(L) … 式6
となる。すなわち、内孔上端から下方へ任意の距離zにおける内孔の半径r(z)は、この式6で表わされる。
なお、式6において、n=1.5の場合が前述の式Aで示す図1の曲線(ライン)15であり、n=6の場合が前述の式Bで示す図1の曲線(ライン)16である。
n-1}+z〕]1/n×r(L)がn=4(実施例1)のとき、つまり、図2(a)に実線で示すように、内孔の軸に沿って縦方向に切断した上ノズルの内孔壁面を示すラインが
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))4-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))4-1}+z〕]1/4×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズルを用いて、タンディッシュや取鍋のヘッドの高さが1000mmのときに内孔壁面に加わる圧力の分布を計算した。計算結果を、従来のノズルである図7記載の上ノズルの内孔上端の内壁に加わる圧力を0として、図2(b)に示す。
また、n=1.5(実施例2)、n=2(実施例3)、n=6(実施例4)、n=1(比較例1)、n=7(比較例2)のとき、すなわち、内孔の軸に沿って縦方向に切断した上ノズルの内孔壁面を示すラインが、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+z〕]1/1.5×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズル(実施例2)、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))2-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))2-1}+z〕]1/2×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズル(実施例3)、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+z〕]1/6×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズル(実施例4)(図3(a)参照)、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1-1}+z〕]1/1×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズル(比較例1)(図4(a)参照)、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))7-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))7-1}+z〕]1/7×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズル(比較例2)(図5(a)参照)を用いて実施例1と同様に内孔壁面に加わる圧力分布を計算し、評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
これは、上ノズルの内孔壁面がテーパー状で、上プレートとの接触部に角が形成されており(図4(a)参照)、また、圧力分布に傾斜が少なく、内孔下端でも高い圧力を維持しているためであると思慮される(図4(b)参照)。
具体的には、内孔の中心軸に沿って1/4ずつ等分した3点を管理基準として、内孔縦断面の曲線が式6と一致しない滑らかな曲線の上ノズルについて検討を行った。内孔上端、下端、上記3点の計5点を特定することで、屈曲点を備えない滑らかな内孔形状は略特定される。このため、管理基準を満たすのであれば、内孔形状に多少の違いがあっても、その差は軽微であり、圧力変化に関して同様の傾向を示すものと思慮されるからである。
また、上記3点がそれぞれn=4、6、4の式6の値に近似する場合(実施例6)、n=2、4、6の式6の値に近似する場合(実施例7)、n=7、6、4の式6の値に近似する場合(比較例3)についても、実施例1と同様に内孔壁面に加わる圧力分布を計算し、評価した。評価結果を表2に示す。
実施例8では、長さ230mm、内孔小径部の直径が70mm、内孔大径部の直径が内孔下端(内孔小径部)の径Dの約1.5倍(1.54D)である108mm、内孔の半径r(z)が、n=1.5、4、6のとき、つまり、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+z〕]1/1.5×r(L)
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))4-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))4-1}+z〕]1/4×r(L)
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+z〕]1/6×r(L)
で表わされる上ノズルを用いて実施例1と同様に内孔壁面に加わる圧力分布を計算し、評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。また、一例として、n=4の場合の内孔形状、及び計算結果を図6に示す。
さらに、内孔大径部の直径が内孔下端(内孔小径部)の径Dの2倍(2D)である140mm(実施例9)、4倍(4D)である280mm(実施例10)、約1倍(1.06D)である73mm(比較例4)の場合についても、実施例8と同様に、内孔の半径r(z)がn=1.5、4、6のとき、内孔壁面に加わる圧力分布を計算し、評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。また、一例として、比較例4のn=4の場合の内孔形状、及び計算結果を図7に示す。
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+z〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+z〕]1/6×r(L)との間の形状であって、内孔壁面に角(屈曲点)が形成されていない滑らかな断面形状、すなわちr(z)のzに対する微分(d(r(z))/dz)が連続する断面形状とすることで、溶鋼の流れを一定とし、付着物の発生を抑えることができることが分かる。
ここで、屈曲点のない形状としては、例えば、
r(z)=[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))n-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))n-1}+z〕]1/n×r(L)(n:1.5~6)
で示されるr(z)のz微分が連続する断面形状が挙げられる。また、Arガスなどを吹き込むバブリング構造を備えてもよい。
さらに上記各実施例では、上ノズルを例に説明しているが、本発明にかかる溶融金属排出用ノズルは上ノズルに限られるものではなく、例えばオープンノズルなど、溶融金属の高さがほぼ一定なタンディッシュなどの容器に取り付けられるノズルに適用することができる。
11…内孔
12…大径部
13…小径部
14…内孔壁面
15…n=1.5のときの内孔壁面
16…n=6のときの内孔壁面
Claims (1)
- 溶融金属が通過する内孔を軸方向に有する溶融金属排出用ノズルにおいて、
内孔上端の
半径r(0)が内孔下端の半径r(L)の1.5倍以上であり、
前記内孔の軸に沿って切断した断面の内孔壁面を示すラインに屈曲点がなく、
内孔の軸方向長さをLとしたとき、前記内孔上端から下方へ距離1/4Lにおける内孔の半径r(1/4L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+1/4L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+1/4L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であり、
前記内孔上端から下方へ距離1/2Lにおける内孔の半径r(1/2L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+1/2L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+1/2L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内であり、
前記内孔上端から下方へ距離3/4Lの位置における内孔の半径r(3/4L)が、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))1.5-1}+3/4L〕]1/1.5×r(L)と、
[〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+L〕/〔L/{(r(0)/r(L))6-1}+3/4L〕]1/6×r(L)の範囲内である
ことを特徴とする溶融金属排出用ノズル。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201080040942.2A CN102497947B (zh) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-06-02 | 熔融金属排出用浇注嘴 |
CA2771823A CA2771823A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-06-02 | Molten metal discharge nozzle |
BR112012005717A BR112012005717A2 (pt) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-06-02 | bocal de descarga de metal em fusão |
EP10816942.6A EP2478980A4 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-06-02 | Nozzle for discharging molten metal |
US13/496,272 US20120217271A1 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-06-02 | Molten metal discharge nozzle |
AU2010296717A AU2010296717B2 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2010-06-02 | Molten metal discharge nozzle |
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JP2009214718A JP2011062722A (ja) | 2009-09-16 | 2009-09-16 | 溶融金属排出用ノズル |
JP2009-214718 | 2009-09-16 |
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US (1) | US20120217271A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2478980A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2011062722A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20120062876A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102497947B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010296717B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112012005717A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2771823A1 (ja) |
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JP5156141B1 (ja) * | 2012-07-13 | 2013-03-06 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | 上ノズルの使用方法 |
JP5912193B1 (ja) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-04-27 | 株式会社クボタ | ノズル構造、鋳造機、および鋳造物の製造方法 |
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JPH0686850U (ja) * | 1993-05-27 | 1994-12-20 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | タンディッシュ用ストッパー |
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JP2005279729A (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Akechi Ceramics Co Ltd | タンディッシュ上ノズル |
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US2341859A (en) * | 1939-07-04 | 1944-02-15 | Weyerhacuser Timber Company | Nozzle |
AT387039B (de) * | 1981-02-05 | 1988-11-25 | Veitscher Magnesitwerke Ag | Abstichvorrichtung fuer konverter |
US4510191A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1985-04-09 | Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd. | Casting nozzle |
DE3706694A1 (de) * | 1987-03-02 | 1988-09-15 | Lechler Gmbh & Co Kg | Zweistoff-zerstaeubungsduese zur erzeugung eines vollkegelstrahls |
US5452827A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1995-09-26 | Eckert; C. Edward | Nozzle for continuous caster |
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- 2009-09-16 JP JP2009214718A patent/JP2011062722A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-06-02 AU AU2010296717A patent/AU2010296717B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-02 CA CA2771823A patent/CA2771823A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-02 BR BR112012005717A patent/BR112012005717A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-06-02 US US13/496,272 patent/US20120217271A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-06-02 WO PCT/JP2010/059308 patent/WO2011033829A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2010-06-02 KR KR1020127008790A patent/KR20120062876A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-06-02 CN CN201080040942.2A patent/CN102497947B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-02 EP EP10816942.6A patent/EP2478980A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-06-15 TW TW099119468A patent/TW201111518A/zh unknown
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JPH0686850U (ja) * | 1993-05-27 | 1994-12-20 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | タンディッシュ用ストッパー |
JPH0716715A (ja) * | 1993-07-06 | 1995-01-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | 溶湯注入ノズル |
JP3639513B2 (ja) * | 2000-08-28 | 2005-04-20 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | オープンノズル |
JP2005279729A (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Akechi Ceramics Co Ltd | タンディッシュ上ノズル |
JP2008501854A (ja) | 2004-06-04 | 2008-01-24 | リフラクトリー・インテレクチュアル・プロパティー・ゲー・エム・ベー・ハー・ウント・コ・カーゲー | 湯出しパイプ |
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KR20120062876A (ko) | 2012-06-14 |
CN102497947A (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
CA2771823A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
BR112012005717A2 (pt) | 2016-02-23 |
US20120217271A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
CN102497947B (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
EP2478980A4 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
TW201111518A (en) | 2011-04-01 |
JP2011062722A (ja) | 2011-03-31 |
AU2010296717A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
EP2478980A1 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
AU2010296717B2 (en) | 2013-04-04 |
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