WO2011028356A2 - Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011028356A2
WO2011028356A2 PCT/US2010/044496 US2010044496W WO2011028356A2 WO 2011028356 A2 WO2011028356 A2 WO 2011028356A2 US 2010044496 W US2010044496 W US 2010044496W WO 2011028356 A2 WO2011028356 A2 WO 2011028356A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grate
hrsg
structural array
tubes
heat recovery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/044496
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011028356A3 (en
Inventor
Wesley P. Ii Bauver
William C. Balcezak
Robert Livermore
Aaron Yeaton
Ian J. Perrin
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to RU2012112807A priority Critical patent/RU2620309C2/ru
Priority to MX2012002554A priority patent/MX2012002554A/es
Priority to IN2834DEN2012 priority patent/IN2012DN02834A/en
Priority to AU2010289954A priority patent/AU2010289954B8/en
Priority to EP10745054.6A priority patent/EP2473781B1/en
Priority to CA2773092A priority patent/CA2773092C/en
Priority to KR1020167030883A priority patent/KR101850236B1/ko
Priority to KR1020157019607A priority patent/KR20150091180A/ko
Priority to KR1020127008258A priority patent/KR20120058598A/ko
Priority to CN201080040389.2A priority patent/CN102498343B/zh
Application filed by Alstom Technology Ltd. filed Critical Alstom Technology Ltd.
Publication of WO2011028356A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011028356A2/en
Publication of WO2011028356A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011028356A3/en
Priority to IL218389A priority patent/IL218389A/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
    • F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1615—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F28D7/1623—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0263—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by varying the geometry or cross-section of header box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/028—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using inserts for modifying the pattern of flow inside the header box, e.g. by using flow restrictors or permeable bodies or blocks with channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31—Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to heat recovery steam generators
  • HRSGs heat recovery steam generators having a structural array to control the exhaust flow exiting a gas turbine before passing through the heat recovery steam generator.
  • Combined Cycle power plants employ gas turbines with Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs) that use the thermal energy in the exhaust from gas turbines to generate steam for power generation or process use.
  • HRSGs Heat Recovery Steam Generators
  • the large stationary gas turbines used in such power plants may typically have average exhaust gas velocities in the range of 200 ft/sec.
  • the velocity of the gas turbine exhaust is not uniform however and some recent gas turbines have local exhaust gas velocities in the range of 660 ft/sec.
  • HRSGs may have flow areas in the range of 5 to 10 times the gas turbines exit flow area and thus average entering velocities that are 5 to 10 times lower than those exiting the gas turbine. A diverging duct is therefore required to connect the gas turbine to the HRSG.
  • FIG. 1 A typical arrangement of the gas turbine exhaust diffuser, connecting duct and HRSG is shown in Figure 1. It is desirable to locate the HRSG close to the gas turbine in a compact duct arrangement to minimize the area required for the power plant and to minimize the size and cost of the connecting duct. This can result in a high velocity jet of gas impacting the region of the front rows of heat transfer tubes in the HRSG that are in line with the gas turbine exhaust diffuser. Such high velocities can cause flow-induced vibrations that will damage the heat transfer tubes. The high aerodynamic loading on the tube banlcs can also cause movement of the entire front tube bank resulting in damage to components in and around the tube bank. The non-uniform velocities entering the HRSG front tube rows also reduce the heat transfer effectiveness of these rows.
  • Fig. 1 is a partial cut-away side elevation view of an HRSG coupled in fluid communication with a gas turbine exhaust diffuser and an HRSG in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation view of an HRSG having an inlet duct and a structural array disposed upstream of the tubes of the HRSG in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 3a is a front view of the HRSG having a structural array secured thereto in accordance to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3b is a side elevation view of the structural array of Fig. 3a.
  • Fig. 4a is a front view of a grate-like panel of the structural array of Fig. 3a.
  • Fig. 4b is a side elevation view of the grate-like panel of Fig. 4a.
  • One such arrangement is shown in Figures 2 - 4b. Note that these figures show one possible arrangement. Other combinations could be used as long as the features discussed below are met by the design.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation view of an HRSG having an inlet duct and a structural array disposed upstream of the tubes of the HRSG in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an HRSG 40 with a structural array 10.
  • Fig. 3a is a front view of the HRSG having a structural array secured thereto in accordance to the present invention.
  • Fig. 3b is a side elevation view of the structural array of Fig. 3a.
  • structural array 10 is disposed upstream of the tube banks 42 of the HRSG 40.
  • the structural array 10 is mounted or secured to structural elements or supports 26 at the upstream end of the HRSG 40 to control the flow of the exhaust stream 14 from a turbine (not shown), e.g., a gas turbine.
  • a turbine e.g., a gas turbine.
  • the structural array 10 extends over the upstream end of the HRSG 40 over a sufficient area to engage or control the exhaust stream 14.
  • the structural array 10 comprises a plurality of gratelike panels 18.
  • Fig. 4a is a front view of a grate-like panel of the structural array of Fig. 3a.
  • Fig. 4b is a side elevation view of the grate-like panel of Fig. 4a.
  • Panels 18 are now described with reference to Figures 4a and 4b.
  • Panels 18 each have a plurality of horizontal bars 20 connected to a plurality of vertical bars 22.
  • the bars 20, 22 may be solid, hollow or generally U-shaped.
  • the cross section of each bar may be any geometric shape (i.e., round, oval, square, rectangular, octagonal, etc.) or U-shaped.
  • the grid openings 12 may be uniform or irregular.
  • the spacing of the vertical and horizontal bars of the array may be uniform or varied.
  • the vertical bars 22 of the panel 18 are U-shaped, wherein the orientation of the U-shaped bars are such that the openings of the bars open inwardly towards the center of the panel.
  • U-shaped vertical bars 22 are shown in such an orientation, the invention contemplates that the U-shaped bars may be disposed in any orientation.
  • Each of the panels 18 are mounted or secured (e.g., welded, bolted, or other means of attachment) to horizontal supports 24, which are in turn attach or secured to structural supports 26 of the HRSG 40.
  • the mounting of the panels 18 to the structural supports 26 and not the tubes 46 of the HRSG reduce fatigue on the tubes.
  • the horizontal supports 24 are formed of a pair of vertically disposed tubes 30 are welded together.
  • the present invention contemplates that the horizontal supports 24 may be formed from any support bean.
  • the structural array 10 is constructed of structural components 20, 22, 24 to withstand the forces imparted by the high velocity exhaust stream 14. Pined and/or slip connections are used where appropriate to allow for thermal expansion.
  • the size and spacing of the components 20, 22, 24 is arranged to provide sufficient resistance to redirect part of the high velocity exhaust stream 14 to the sections of the front row tubes 48 that would have had little or no gas flow, improving the distribution of gas flow into the HRSG 40.
  • the structural components 20, 22, 24 are also sized and spaced such that the remaining flow passing though the array 10 is distributed through grid openings 12 into a large number of smaller jets.
  • the smaller jets start with a diameter D the same as the grid openings 12. These are on the order of 1/10 of the distance from the structural array 10 to the tubes 46. This allows the small multiple jets to partially dissipate before reaching the tubes 46 and lowers the loading on the region of the tubes that would have been subjected to unacceptable velocities without the structural array 10.
  • structural array 10 is on adjustable mounts (50 of Figure 2) such that the distance from the structural array and tubes 46 may be adjusted. This allows for adjustment of more or less dissipation of the exhaust jets as they impinge upon the tubes 46. Since more diffusion of the exhaust stream 14 result in higher exhaust back pressure, the system can be interactively optimized for both backpressure and diffusion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
PCT/US2010/044496 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines WO2011028356A2 (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020127008258A KR20120058598A (ko) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 가스 터빈들을 구비한 열 회수 증기 발생기의 밀착 결합을 위한 장치 및 방법
IN2834DEN2012 IN2012DN02834A (forum.php) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05
AU2010289954A AU2010289954B8 (en) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines
EP10745054.6A EP2473781B1 (en) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines
CA2773092A CA2773092C (en) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines
RU2012112807A RU2620309C2 (ru) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Устройство и способ для близкого соединения теплоутилизационных парогенераторов с газовыми турбинами
KR1020157019607A KR20150091180A (ko) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 가스 터빈들을 구비한 열 회수 증기 발생기의 밀착 결합을 위한 장치
KR1020167030883A KR101850236B1 (ko) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 가스 터빈들을 구비한 열 회수 증기 발생기의 밀착 결합을 위한 장치
CN201080040389.2A CN102498343B (zh) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 用于热回收蒸汽发生器与燃气涡轮紧密联接的设备与方法
MX2012002554A MX2012002554A (es) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Aparato y metodo para acoplamiento apretado de generadores de vapor con recuperacion de calor con turbinas de gas.
IL218389A IL218389A (en) 2009-09-03 2012-02-29 A device and method for the close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US23960409P 2009-09-03 2009-09-03
US61/239,604 2009-09-03
US12/850,108 2010-08-04
US12/850,108 US10001272B2 (en) 2009-09-03 2010-08-04 Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011028356A2 true WO2011028356A2 (en) 2011-03-10
WO2011028356A3 WO2011028356A3 (en) 2011-07-21

Family

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PCT/US2010/044496 WO2011028356A2 (en) 2009-09-03 2010-08-05 Apparatus and method for close coupling of heat recovery steam generators with gas turbines

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US10001272B2 (forum.php)
EP (1) EP2473781B1 (forum.php)
KR (3) KR20150091180A (forum.php)
CN (1) CN102498343B (forum.php)
CA (1) CA2773092C (forum.php)
IL (1) IL218389A (forum.php)
IN (1) IN2012DN02834A (forum.php)
MX (1) MX2012002554A (forum.php)
RU (1) RU2620309C2 (forum.php)
WO (1) WO2011028356A2 (forum.php)

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CA2773092C (en) 2017-07-25
CN102498343B (zh) 2018-10-26
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MX2012002554A (es) 2012-06-01
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IL218389A0 (en) 2012-04-30
US20110048010A1 (en) 2011-03-03
EP2473781B1 (en) 2021-05-26
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EP2473781A2 (en) 2012-07-11
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US10001272B2 (en) 2018-06-19
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