WO2011027905A1 - Film diffuseur de lumière et son procédé de fabrication, plaque de polarisation diffuseuse de lumière, et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Film diffuseur de lumière et son procédé de fabrication, plaque de polarisation diffuseuse de lumière, et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011027905A1
WO2011027905A1 PCT/JP2010/065362 JP2010065362W WO2011027905A1 WO 2011027905 A1 WO2011027905 A1 WO 2011027905A1 JP 2010065362 W JP2010065362 W JP 2010065362W WO 2011027905 A1 WO2011027905 A1 WO 2011027905A1
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Prior art keywords
light
film
fine particles
polarizing plate
resin
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PCT/JP2010/065362
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康弘 羽場
玉馨 金
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住友化学株式会社
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Priority to KR1020127007454A priority Critical patent/KR20120085755A/ko
Priority to CN201080039074.6A priority patent/CN102483475B/zh
Publication of WO2011027905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011027905A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0236—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element
    • G02B5/0242—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place within the volume of the element by means of dispersed particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
    • G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0268—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the fabrication or manufacturing method
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light diffusion film and a method for producing the same.
  • the present invention also relates to a light diffusing polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device using the light diffusing film.
  • a liquid crystal display device operates a liquid crystal in a display mode such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, a VA (Vertical Alignment) mode, an IPS (In-Plane Switching) mode, and electrically transmits light passing through the liquid crystal. Control and display the difference between light and dark on the screen and display characters and images.
  • TN Transmission Nematic
  • VA Very Alignment
  • IPS In-Plane Switching
  • JP2007-94369-A and JP2003-43218-A include a light diffusing film (light diffusing sheet) having a high haze light diffusing layer formed by applying a coating liquid containing fine particles on a substrate.
  • a light diffusing film light diffusing sheet
  • the viewing angle can be improved by reducing the contrast of the image and improving the gradation inversion phenomenon when the display screen of the liquid crystal display device is observed obliquely. It is possible to spread.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and the object thereof is that both sufficient light diffusibility and sufficient transmission sharpness are compatible, and thus when applied to a liquid crystal display device, A light diffusion film having a wide viewing angle, a high front contrast of a display image, and no whitening due to surface irregular reflection, and a method for producing the same.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a light diffusing polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device using the light diffusing film.
  • the present invention includes the following. ⁇ 1> A light diffusion film having a base film and a light diffusion layer laminated on the base film and having light-transmitting fine particles dispersed in a light-transmitting resin,
  • the translucent fine particles are one type or two or more types of first translucent fine particles having a weight average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 6 ⁇ m, and one or more types having a weight average particle size of 6 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. 2 or more kinds of second light-transmitting fine particles, and the difference between the weight average particle size of the first light-transmitting fine particles and the weight average particle size of the second light-transmitting fine particles is 2 ⁇ m or more.
  • the content of the translucent fine particles in the light diffusion layer is 22 parts by weight or more and 60 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the translucent resin,
  • the light-diffusion film whose centerline average roughness Ra of the surface of the said light-diffusion layer is 0.2 micrometer or less.
  • ⁇ 2> The light diffusing film according to ⁇ 1>, wherein the content of the light transmissive fine particles in the light diffusing layer is 25 parts by weight or more and 60 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the light transmissive resin.
  • ⁇ 3> The light diffusion according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein a sum of transmission clarity obtained through optical combs of 0.125 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 2.0 mm is 70% to 180%. the film.
  • ⁇ 4> The light diffusion film according to ⁇ 3>, wherein the sum of the transmission clarity is 70% or more and 150% or less.
  • the base film side From ⁇ 5> the base film side, to the intensity L 1 of the laser beam with a wavelength of 543.5nm incident in the normal direction of the light diffusion film, the normal direction from 40 ° inclined direction of the light diffusing layer side
  • the light diffusion film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, wherein the ratio L 2 / L 1 of the intensity L 2 of the transmitted laser light is 0.00008% to 0.001%.
  • the total haze is 40% or more and 70% or less
  • the internal haze is 40% or more and 70% or less
  • the surface haze resulting from the surface shape of the light diffusion layer is less than 2% ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 6>
  • the light-diffusion film in any one of.
  • ⁇ 8> The light diffusion film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 7>, wherein the center line average roughness Ra is 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • ⁇ 9> The light diffusion film according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the surface haze is 1% or less.
  • ⁇ 11> The method for producing a light diffusing film according to ⁇ 1>, the step of applying a resin liquid in which the translucent fine particles are dispersed on the base film, and the surface of the layer made of the resin liquid And a step of transferring a mirror surface or an uneven surface of the mold.
  • ⁇ 12> a polarizing plate having at least a polarizing film;
  • a liquid crystal display device comprising a backlight device, a light deflecting means, a backlight side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and the light diffusing polarizing plate according to ⁇ 12> or ⁇ 13> in this order.
  • the light deflection means includes two prism films each having a plurality of linear prisms on the surface facing the backlight side polarizing plate, One prism film is arranged such that the direction of the ridge line of the linear prism is substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the backlight side polarizing plate, and the other prism film has the direction of the ridge line of the linear prism described above.
  • the liquid crystal display device according to ⁇ 14> which is disposed so as to be substantially parallel to a transmission axis of the light diffusing polarizing plate.
  • the liquid crystal display device according to ⁇ 14> or ⁇ 15>, further including a light diffusing unit between the backlight device and the light deflecting unit.
  • a liquid crystal display device to which a light diffusing film or a light diffusing polarizing plate having such excellent optical characteristics is applied exhibits a wide viewing angle and a high front contrast, and can also prevent whitening due to surface irregular reflection.
  • the incident direction of the laser light when measuring the transmitted scattered light intensity of the laser light incident from the normal direction on the base film side and transmitted in a direction inclined by 40 ° from the normal direction on the light diffusion layer side It is the perspective view which showed typically the transmitted scattered light intensity
  • ⁇ Light diffusion film> 1 and 2 are schematic cross-sectional views showing preferred examples of the light diffusion film of the present invention.
  • the light diffusion films 100 and 200 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 according to the present invention include a base film 101 and a light diffusion layer 102 laminated on the base film 101.
  • the light diffusing layer 102 is a layer having the translucent resin 103 as a base material, and the translucent fine particles comprising the first translucent fine particles 104a and the second translucent fine particles in the translucent resin 103. 104 is distributed.
  • the first translucent fine particles 104a are fine particles having a weight average particle size in the range of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 6 ⁇ m, and the second translucent fine particles 104b have a weight average particle size of 6 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less. It is the fine particle which is the range.
  • the surface of the light diffusing layer 102 may be constituted by a flat surface as in the example shown in FIG. 1, or the center line described later as in the example shown in FIG. As long as average roughness Ra is 0.2 micrometer or less, you may comprise from an uneven surface.
  • the light diffusion film of the present invention will be described in more detail.
  • the substrate film 101 used in the present invention may be a light-transmitting film, and for example, glass or plastic film can be used.
  • the plastic film only needs to have appropriate transparency and mechanical strength. Specific examples include cellulose acetate resins such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose), acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, and polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
  • the layer thickness of the base film 101 is, for example, 10 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the light diffusion film of the present invention includes a light diffusion layer 102 laminated on a base film 101.
  • the light diffusing layer 102 is a layer having a translucent resin 103 as a base material, and the translucent resin 103 is composed of the first translucent fine particles 104a and the second translucent fine particles 104b. Fine particles 104 are dispersed.
  • the center line average roughness Ra according to JIS B 0601 on the surface of the light diffusion layer 102 (surface opposite to the base film 101) is 0.2 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • another layer may be provided between the base film 101 and the light diffusion layer 102.
  • the translucent resin 103 is not particularly limited as long as it has translucency.
  • an ionizing radiation curable resin such as an ultraviolet curable resin or an electron beam curable resin, or heat.
  • a cured product of a curable resin, a thermoplastic resin, a cured product of a metal alkoxide, or the like can be used.
  • an ionizing radiation curable resin is preferable because it has high hardness and can impart high scratch resistance as a light diffusion film provided on the surface of the liquid crystal display device.
  • the translucent resin 103 is formed by curing the resin by irradiation or heating with ionizing radiation.
  • the ionizing radiation curable resin examples include polyfunctional acrylates such as polyhydric alcohol acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ester; polyisocyanates synthesized from diisocyanate, polyhydric alcohol and acrylic acid or methacrylic acid hydroxy ester, and the like.
  • polyfunctional acrylates such as polyhydric alcohol acrylic acid or methacrylic acid ester
  • Examples include functional urethane acrylate.
  • polyether resins having an acrylate functional group polyester resins, epoxy resins, alkyd resins, spiroacetal resins, polybutadiene resins, polythiol polyene resins, and the like can also be used.
  • thermosetting resin examples include a phenol resin, a urea melamine resin, an epoxy resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, and a silicone resin in addition to a thermosetting urethane resin composed of an acrylic polyol and an isocyanate prepolymer.
  • thermoplastic resins include cellulose derivatives such as acetylcellulose, nitrocellulose, acetylbutylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and methylcellulose; vinyl acetate and copolymers thereof, vinyl chloride and copolymers thereof, vinylidene chloride and copolymers thereof, and the like.
  • Acetal resins such as polyvinyl formal and polyvinyl butyral; Acrylic resins and copolymers thereof, Acrylic resins such as methacrylic resins and copolymers; Polystyrene resins; Polyamide resins; Polyester resins; Polycarbonate resins Etc.
  • a silicon oxide matrix made of a silicon alkoxide material can be used. Specifically, it is tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, or the like, and can be made into an inorganic or organic-inorganic composite matrix (translucent resin) by hydrolysis or dehydration condensation.
  • the light diffusing layer 102 includes, as the translucent fine particles 104, one or two or more first translucent fine particles 104a having a weight average particle diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 6 ⁇ m, 1 type, or 2 or more types of 2nd translucent fine particles 104b whose weight average particle diameter is 6 micrometers or more and 15 micrometers or less.
  • the weight average particle diameter of the first translucent fine particles 104a is 0.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 6 ⁇ m, and preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the weight average particle diameter of the second light transmitting fine particles 104b is 6 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 6 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less.
  • the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later does not become 0.00008% or more, and as a result, a wide viewing angle may not be obtained. Further, when the weight average particle diameter of the second light-transmitting fine particles 104b exceeds 15 ⁇ m, the light scattering becomes too weak when the transmission clarity described later is adjusted to 70% or more and 180% or less. Similarly, the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later may not be 0.00008% or more. Further, the difference between the weight average particle diameter of the first light transmitting fine particles 104a and the weight average particle diameter of the second light transmitting fine particles 104b is set to 2 ⁇ m or more.
  • the difference in weight average particle diameter is less than 2 ⁇ m, the effect of combining translucent fine particles having different weight average particle diameters becomes insufficient, and sufficient light diffusibility and excellent transmission sharpness may not be compatible.
  • the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later is adjusted to a preferable range of 0.00008% or more and 0.001% or less, moire may occur as a result of the transmission sharpness described later exceeding 180%.
  • the first light-transmitting fine particles 104a may include fine particles having two or more different weight average particle diameters within a range of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and less than 6 ⁇ m.
  • the second light transmitting fine particles 104b may include fine particles having two or more different weight average particle diameters within a range of 6 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the weight average particle diameter of the translucent fine particles is measured using a Coulter Multisizer (manufactured by Beckman Coulter, Inc.) using the Coulter principle (pore electrical resistance method).
  • translucent fine particles 104 (the first translucent fine particles 104a and the second translucent fine particles 104b), translucent organic fine particles or inorganic fine particles can be used.
  • organic fine particles made of acrylic resin, melamine resin, polyethylene, polystyrene, organic silicone resin, acrylic-styrene copolymer, calcium carbonate, silica, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, glass, etc.
  • examples include inorganic fine particles.
  • Organic polymer balloons and glass hollow beads can also be used.
  • the first light transmitting fine particles 104a and the second light transmitting fine particles 104b may be made of the same material or different materials.
  • the 1st translucent fine particle 104a and / or the 2nd translucent fine particle 104b consist of microparticles
  • fine-particles which have 2 or more types of different weight average particle diameters these may be the same kind material, and different types. It may be a material.
  • the content of the translucent fine particles 104 in the light diffusion layer 102 is preferably 22 parts by weight or more and 60 parts by weight or less, and 25 parts by weight or more and 60 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the translucent resin 103. More preferably, it is 30 parts by weight or more and 50 parts by weight or less.
  • the content of the light-transmitting fine particles 104 is less than 22 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the light-transmitting resin, the light diffusion property of the light diffusion film becomes insufficient, and the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later. As a result, the wide viewing angle cannot be obtained, and as a result that the transmission sharpness described later exceeds 180%, moire may occur.
  • the content of the light-transmitting fine particles 104 exceeds 60 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the light-transmitting resin, the light scattering effect is too strong, and the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later is 0.
  • the front contrast may be lowered and the transparency of the light diffusion film may be lowered.
  • the content of the first light transmitting fine particles 104a is preferably 15 to 85 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the total content of the first light transmitting fine particles 104a and the second light transmitting fine particles 104b. More preferred is 20 to 65 parts by weight. When the amount is less than 15 parts by weight or exceeds 85 parts by weight, sufficient light diffusibility and excellent transmission definition may not be compatible. For example, when the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later is adjusted to a preferable range of 0.00008% or more and 0.001% or less, moire may occur as a result of the transmission sharpness described later exceeding 180%.
  • the refractive index of the translucent fine particles 104 is preferably larger than the refractive index of the translucent resin 103, and the difference is preferably in the range of 0.04 to 0.15.
  • the center line average roughness Ra according to JIS B 0601 of the surface of the light diffusing layer 102 is 0. .2 ⁇ m or less, preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
  • the center line average roughness Ra on the surface of the light diffusion layer 102 exceeds 0.2 ⁇ m, the whitishness becomes significant.
  • the centerline average roughness Ra means that only the reference length l (el) is extracted from the roughness curve in the direction of the average line, the x-axis is extracted in the direction of the average line of the extracted portion,
  • Y f (x)
  • Centerline average roughness Ra is a program software that can calculate Ra based on the above formula (1) using a confocal interference microscope (for example, “PL ⁇ 2300” manufactured by Optical Solution Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS B 0601. Can be calculated.
  • the surface of the light diffusion layer (the surface on the side opposite to the base film 101) is formed only by the translucent resin 103. That is, it is preferable that the translucent fine particles 104 do not protrude from the surface of the light diffusion layer 102 and are completely buried in the light diffusion layer 102. Therefore, the layer thickness of the light diffusion layer 102 is preferably 1 to 3 times the weight average particle diameter of the translucent fine particles 104. When the layer thickness of the light diffusing layer 102 is less than 1 times the weight average particle diameter of the light transmissive fine particles 104, it is difficult to control the surface haze of the light diffusing film described later within a preferable range, and this causes whiteness There is a case.
  • the layer thickness of the light diffusing layer 102 exceeds three times the weight average particle diameter of the light transmissive fine particles 104, the film thickness of the light diffusing layer 102 becomes too thick, and the light diffusibility of the light diffusing film is strong accordingly. Therefore, the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 described later exceeds 0.001%.
  • the front of the liquid crystal display device The front contrast may be lowered and display quality may be deteriorated due to light leaking obliquely with respect to the direction and being scattered in the front direction by the light diffusion layer.
  • the “weight average particle diameter of the translucent fine particles 104” here means the weight average particle diameter of the second translucent fine particles 104b.
  • the layer thickness of the light diffusion layer 102 is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the layer thickness of the light diffusion layer 102 is less than 1 ⁇ m, sufficient scratch resistance required for the light diffusion film disposed on the viewing side surface of the liquid crystal display device may not be provided.
  • the layer thickness exceeds 30 ⁇ m, the amount of curl generated in the produced light diffusing film becomes large, and the handleability in pasting to other films or substrates is deteriorated.
  • Optical characteristics of light diffusion film (1) the light diffusing film of the relative scattered light intensity present invention, the base film 101 side, to the intensity L 1 of the laser beam with a wavelength of 543.5nm incident in the normal direction of the light diffusing film, a light diffusion layer 102 side
  • the ratio L 2 / L 1 (relative scattered light intensity) of the intensity L 2 of the laser light transmitted in a direction inclined by 40 ° from the normal direction is 0.00008% or more and 0.001% or less. It is preferable. That is, referring to FIG.
  • a laser beam having a wavelength of 543.5 nm and an intensity of L 1 in the direction of the normal A1 of the light diffusion film He-Ne laser Parallel light
  • L 1 is preferably in the range of 0.00008% to 0.001%.
  • a direction A3 inclined by 40 ° from the normal A2 direction on the light diffusion layer 102 side, which is a measurement direction of the transmitted scattered light intensity, is one direction in a plane including the normal directions (normal lines A1 and A2) of the light diffusion film. is there.
  • the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 is more preferably 0.0002% or more and 0.0009% or less, and further preferably 0.0003% or more and 0.0008% or less.
  • the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 is measured on a measurement sample in which a light diffusion film is bonded to a glass substrate on the base film 101 side using an optically transparent adhesive. Thereby, the curvature of the film at the time of a measurement can be prevented, and measurement reproducibility can be improved.
  • parallel light (wavelength 543.5 nm) of a He—Ne laser was incident in the normal direction of the light diffusion film, and was tilted by 40 ° from the normal direction on the light diffusion layer 102 side.
  • the intensity of the laser beam transmitted in the direction A3 is measured.
  • a value obtained by dividing the intensity of the transmitted scattered light by the light intensity of the light source is the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 .
  • an optical power meter for example, “3292 03 optical power sensor” manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation and “3292 optical power meter” manufactured by the same company) is used.
  • the light diffusion film of the present invention is a sum of transmission clarity obtained through optical combs of 0.125 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm (hereinafter simply referred to as “transmission definition”). ) Is preferably 70% or more and 180% or less. “The sum of transmitted sharpness obtained through optical combs of 0.125 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm” is based on JIS K 7105, and the ratio of the width between the dark part and the bright part is 1: 1 is the sum of transmitted sharpness (image sharpness) measured using four types of optical combs whose widths are 0.125 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 2.0 mm. Therefore, the maximum value of “transmission definition” here is 400%.
  • the transmission definition of the light diffusion film is less than 70%, light scattering is too strong. Therefore, when this light diffusion film is applied to a liquid crystal display device, for example, in white display, light in the front direction of the liquid crystal display device is light. The front contrast tends to decrease due to causes such as excessive scattering by the diffusion layer, and the display quality tends to deteriorate. Also, if the transmitted sharpness exceeds 180%, moire of transmitted light occurs due to interference between the surface uneven structure of the prism film on the backlight side of the liquid crystal display device and the regular matrix structure of the color filter of the liquid crystal cell. Tend to.
  • the transmission definition of the light diffusion film is more preferably 80% or more and 150% or less, and further preferably 90% or more and 140% or less.
  • the measurement of the transmission clarity is performed on a measurement sample in which a light diffusion film is bonded to a glass substrate on the base film 101 side using an optically transparent adhesive. .
  • a measuring device a image clarity measuring device (for example, “ICM-1DP” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS K 7105 can be used.
  • the light diffusion film of the present invention preferably has a total haze of 40% to 70% and an internal haze of 40% to 70%. Moreover, it is preferable that the surface haze resulting from the surface shape of the light-diffusion layer 102 is less than 2%.
  • total haze refers to the total light transmittance (Tt) representing the total amount of light transmitted through the light diffusion film and the diffused light transmittance (Td) diffused and transmitted by the light diffusion film.
  • Total haze (%) (Td / Tt) ⁇ 100 (2) It is calculated by.
  • the total light transmittance (Tt) is the sum of the parallel light transmittance (Tp) and the diffuse light transmittance (Td) that are transmitted coaxially with the incident light.
  • the total light transmittance (Tt) and the diffused light transmittance (Td) are values measured in accordance with JIS K 7361.
  • the “internal haze” of the light diffusion film is a haze other than the haze (surface haze) caused by the surface shape of the light diffusion layer 102 among all the hazes.
  • the total haze and / or internal haze When the total haze and / or internal haze is less than 40%, the light scattering property is insufficient and the viewing angle tends to be narrow. Further, when the total haze and / or internal haze exceeds 70%, light scattering is too strong. Therefore, when this light diffusion film is applied to a liquid crystal display device, for example, in black display, in the front direction of the liquid crystal display device. On the other hand, the light that leaks obliquely is scattered in the front direction by the light diffusion layer, and the front contrast is lowered and the display quality tends to deteriorate. Moreover, when the total haze and / or internal haze exceeds 70%, the transparency of the light diffusion film tends to be impaired. More preferably, the total haze and the internal haze are 50% or more and 65% or less, respectively.
  • the surface haze due to the surface shape of the light diffusion layer 102 exceeds 2%, there is a tendency for whitening to occur due to surface irregular reflection.
  • the surface haze is more preferably 1% or less.
  • the total haze, internal haze, and surface haze of the light diffusion film are specifically measured as follows. That is, first, in order to prevent warping of the film, an optically transparent adhesive is used to bond the light diffusion film to the glass substrate so that the light diffusion layer 102 is the surface. A measurement sample is prepared, and the total haze value of the measurement sample is measured. For the total haze value, the total light transmittance (Tt) and diffuse light transmittance are measured using a haze transmittance meter (for example, a haze meter “HM-150” manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS K 7136. The rate (Td) is measured and calculated by the above equation (2).
  • a haze transmittance meter for example, a haze meter “HM-150” manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.
  • a triacetyl cellulose film having a haze of approximately 0% is bonded to the surface of the light diffusion layer 102 using glycerin, and the haze is measured in the same manner as the above-described measurement of all hazes.
  • the light diffusing film of the present invention may have a resin layer 105 made of a translucent resin laminated on the light diffusing layer 102 as in the light diffusing film 300 shown in FIG.
  • the center line average roughness Ra of the surface of the resin layer 105 is 0.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the light diffusion film of the present invention may further include an antireflection layer laminated on the light diffusion layer 102 (surface opposite to the base film 101).
  • the antireflection layer is provided to reduce the reflectance as much as possible, and reflection on the display screen can be prevented by forming the antireflection layer.
  • As the antireflection layer a low refractive index layer composed of a material lower than the refractive index of the light diffusion layer 102; a high refractive index layer composed of a material higher than the refractive index of the light diffusion layer 102, and the high refractive index
  • a laminated structure with a low refractive index layer composed of a material lower than the refractive index of the layer can be exemplified.
  • the light diffusion film of the present invention is preferably produced by a method including the following steps (A) and (B).
  • the resin liquid used in the step (A) is the light-transmitting fine particles 104 formed of the first light-transmitting fine particles 104a and the second light-transmitting fine particles 104b, the light-transmitting resin 103 constituting the light diffusion layer 102, or the same.
  • the resin liquid includes a photopolymerization initiator (radical polymerization initiator).
  • photopolymerization initiator examples include acetophenone photopolymerization initiator, benzoin photopolymerization initiator, benzophenone photopolymerization initiator, thioxanthone photopolymerization initiator, triazine photopolymerization initiator, and oxadiazole photopolymerization initiator. An initiator or the like is used.
  • photopolymerization initiator examples include 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 2,2′-bis (o-chlorophenyl) -4,4 ′, 5,5′-tetraphenyl-1,2 '-Biimidazole, 10-butyl-2-chloroacridone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, benzyl, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, camphorquinone, methyl phenylglyoxylate, titanocene compound and the like can also be used.
  • the amount of the photopolymerization initiator used is usually 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin contained in the resin liquid.
  • the dispersion of the translucent fine particles 104 in the resin solution is an isotropic dispersion.
  • Application of the resin liquid onto the base film can be performed by, for example, a gravure coating method, a micro gravure coating method, a rod coating method, a knife coating method, an air knife coating method, a kiss coating method, a die coating method, or the like.
  • the coating film thickness is adjusted so that the film thickness of the light diffusion layer 102 is 1 to 3 times the weight average particle diameter of the translucent fine particles 104. It is preferable to do.
  • Various surface treatments may be applied to the surface of the base film 101 (surface on the light diffusion layer side) for the purpose of improving the coating property of the resin liquid or improving the adhesion with the light diffusion layer 102.
  • the surface treatment include corona discharge treatment, glow discharge treatment, acid surface treatment, alkali surface treatment, and ultraviolet irradiation treatment.
  • another layer such as a primer layer may be formed on the base film, and the resin liquid may be applied on the other layer.
  • the surface (light-diffusion) of the base film 101 is used. It is preferable to hydrophilize the surface opposite to the layer) by various surface treatments.
  • the mirror surface or uneven surface of the mold is transferred to the surface of the layer made of the resin liquid.
  • the mirror surface of a mold having a mirror surface is formed on the surface of the layer made of the resin liquid.
  • the mirror surface is transferred with close contact.
  • the uneven surface of a mold (embossing mold) having an uneven surface on the surface of the layer made of the resin liquid. Is transferred to the uneven surface.
  • the mirror surface mold may be a mirror surface metal roll, and the embossing mold may be an embossing metal roll.
  • thermosetting resin or metal alkoxide is used as the resin for forming the translucent resin 103, a layer composed of the resin liquid is formed and dried (removal of the solvent) if necessary. Irradiation with ionizing radiation (when ionizing radiation curable resin is used) or heating (thermosetting resin or with an ionizing radiation curable resin) in a state where the mirror surface or uneven surface of the mold is in close contact with the surface of the layer made of the resin liquid When the metal alkoxide is used, the layer made of the resin liquid is cured.
  • the ionizing radiation can be appropriately selected from ultraviolet rays, electron beams, near ultraviolet rays, visible light, near infrared rays, infrared rays, X-rays, etc. depending on the type of resin contained in the resin liquid.
  • ultraviolet rays An electron beam is preferable, and ultraviolet rays are particularly preferable because of easy handling and high energy.
  • a low pressure mercury lamp, a medium pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a metal halide lamp, a xenon lamp, or the like can be used.
  • An ArF excimer laser, a KrF excimer laser, an excimer lamp, synchrotron radiation, or the like can also be used.
  • an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a xenon arc, and a metal halide lamp are preferably used.
  • the electron beam 50 to 1000 keV emitted from various electron beam accelerators such as Cockloft Walton type, Bande graph type, resonance transformation type, insulation core transformation type, linear type, dynamitron type, and high frequency type, preferably 100
  • An electron beam having an energy of ⁇ 300 keV can be mentioned.
  • the step of continuously feeding the base film 101 wound in a roll shape the translucent fine particles 104 are dispersed.
  • coats the obtained resin liquid and dries as needed, the process of hardening the layer which consists of a resin liquid, and the process of winding up the obtained light-diffusion film are included.
  • Such a manufacturing method can be implemented, for example, using a manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the manufacturing method according to the preferred embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the base film 101 is continuously unwound by the unwinding device 501.
  • a resin liquid in which the translucent fine particles 104 are dispersed is applied onto the unwound base film 101 using a coating device 502 and a backup roll 503 facing the coating device 502.
  • the resin liquid contains a solvent
  • the resin liquid is dried by passing it through a dryer 504.
  • the base film 101 provided with the layer made of the resin liquid is placed between the mirror surface metal roll or the embossing metal roll 505 and the nip roll 506, and the layer made of the resin liquid is the mirror surface metal roll or It winds so that it may contact
  • the mirror surface of the mirror surface metal roll or the uneven surface of the metal roll for embossing is transferred to the surface of the layer made of the resin liquid.
  • a layer made of a resin liquid is obtained by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet irradiation device 508 through the base film 101 in a state where the base film 101 is wound around the mirror surface metal roll or the embossing metal roll 505. Is cured. Since the irradiated surface becomes hot due to ultraviolet irradiation, the mirror surface metal roll or the embossing metal roll 505 preferably includes a cooling device for adjusting the surface temperature to about room temperature to 80 ° C. .
  • one or a plurality of ultraviolet irradiation devices 508 can be used.
  • the base film 101 (light diffusion film) on which the light diffusion layer 102 is formed is peeled off from the mirror surface metal roll or the embossing metal roll 505 by the peeling roll 507.
  • the light diffusion film produced as described above is taken up by the take-up device 509.
  • it may be wound up with a protective film made of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, or the like attached to the surface of the light diffusing layer 102 through a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having removability. Good.
  • additional ultraviolet irradiation may be performed after peeling from the mirror surface metal roll or the embossing metal roll 505 by the peeling roll 507.
  • additional ultraviolet irradiation may be performed instead of performing ultraviolet irradiation in a state of being wound around a mirror surface metal roll or an embossing metal roll 505, a base film 101 on which a layer made of an uncured resin liquid is formed is used as a mirror surface metal roll or After peeling from the metal roll 505 for embossing, it may be cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays.
  • the following method can be used to set the range of the physical properties of the light diffusion film.
  • the above-mentioned base film, translucent fine particles, translucent resin, or resin forming the translucent resin is arbitrarily selected, and a light diffusion film is produced by the above-described method.
  • Various physical properties (L 2 / L 1 , transmission clarity, total haze, internal haze, center line average roughness Ra, surface haze, etc.) are measured.
  • the value is compared with a target value or a range of values, and in the case of deviation, depending on each physical property, for example, the difference in refractive index between the translucent fine particle and the translucent resin, the content of the translucent fine particle, Adjust the thickness of the diffusion layer, the weight average particle diameter of the light-transmitting fine particles, the surface roughness of the light diffusion layer, or two or more of the conditions according to the following criteria (1) to (5)
  • a film is produced and its physical properties are measured. By repeating this operation until the obtained light diffusing film exhibits the target physical properties, a desired light diffusing film can be obtained.
  • the adjustment of the refractive index difference between the translucent fine particles and the translucent resin can be performed by changing the type of translucent fine particles and / or the translucent resin used.
  • the light diffusing film of the present invention described above can be made into a light diffusing polarizing plate by combining with the polarizing plate.
  • the light diffusing polarizing plate is a multifunctional film having a polarizing function and an antiglare (light diffusing) function.
  • the light diffusing polarizing plate of the present invention is a polarizing plate having at least a polarizing film and the above laminated on the polarizing plate via an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer so that the base film side faces the polarizing plate.
  • the light diffusing film of the present invention is provided.
  • a polarizing plate may be a conventionally well-known structure, for example, what has a protective film on the single side
  • the polarizing plate may be the polarizing film itself.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred example of the light diffusing polarizing plate of the present invention.
  • a light diffusing polarizing plate 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes a polarizing film 601, a protective film 602 attached to one surface of the polarizing film 601, and a light diffusing film 100 attached to the other surface. .
  • the light diffusion film 100 is stuck so that the base film 101 side faces the polarizing film 601 of the polarizing plate.
  • the light diffusion film 100 and the protective film 602 are attached to the polarizing film 601 via an adhesive layer (not shown).
  • an adhesive layer not shown.
  • Such a configuration in which the polarizing film and the light diffusing film are attached via the adhesive layer that is, the configuration in which the light diffusing film is used as a protective film for the polarizing film is used to reduce the thickness of the light diffusing polarizing plate. It is advantageous.
  • a dichroic dye or iodine is adsorbed and oriented on a film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, or the like.
  • a film made of polyvinyl alcohol resin polyvinyl acetate resin, ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) resin, polyamide resin, polyester resin, or the like.
  • EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate
  • PA polyamide resin
  • polyester resin or the like.
  • examples thereof include a polyvinyl alcohol / polyvinylene copolymer containing a molecular chain oriented with a dichroic dehydrated product of polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinylene) in a molecularly oriented polyvinyl alcohol film.
  • a film obtained by adsorbing and orienting a dichroic dye or iodine on a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin film is suitably used as a polarizing film.
  • the thickness of the polarizing film is not particularly limited, but is generally preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m, and still more preferably in the range of 25 to 35 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of thinning the polarizing plate.
  • the protective film 602 of the polarizing film 601 is preferably a film made of a polymer that has low birefringence and is excellent in transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture shielding properties, and the like.
  • films include cellulose acetate resins such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose); acrylic resins; fluorine resins such as tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymers; polycarbonate resins; polyethylenes Polyester resins such as terephthalate; polyimide resins; polysulfone resins; polyethersulfone resins; polystyrene resins; polyvinyl alcohol resins; polyvinyl chloride resins; polyolefin resins or polyamide resins What was formed and processed is mentioned.
  • a triacetyl cellulose film whose surface is saponified with alkali or the like, or a norbornene-based thermoplastic resin film can be preferably used from the viewpoints of polarization characteristics and durability.
  • the norbornene-based thermoplastic resin film is particularly suitable because it has high moisture and heat resistance and can greatly improve the durability of the polarizing plate and has high dimensional stability because of low hygroscopicity.
  • a conventionally known method such as a casting method, a calendar method, and an extrusion method can be used.
  • the thickness of the protective film is not limited, but is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the polarizing plate. More preferably, it is in the range of 5 to 300 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 150 ⁇ m.
  • the light diffusing polarizing plate having the above configuration typically has a liquid crystal panel through an adhesive layer or the like so that the light diffusing film is on the light emitting side (viewing side) when attached to a liquid crystal display device. It is attached to a glass substrate and incorporated into a liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises a backlight device, light deflecting means, a backlight side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and the light diffusing polarizing plate of the present invention in this order.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 7 is a normally white mode TN liquid crystal display device, and includes a backlight device 702, a light diffusion plate 703, two prism films 704a and 704b as light deflecting means, and a backlight side.
  • a polarizing plate 705, a liquid crystal cell 701 in which a liquid crystal layer 712 is provided between a pair of transparent substrates 711a and 711b, and a light diffusing polarizing plate comprising a viewing side polarizing plate 706 and the light diffusion film 707 according to the present invention. are arranged in this order.
  • the backlight side polarizing plate 705 and the viewing side polarizing plate 706 are arranged so that their transmission axes have a crossed Nicols relationship.
  • Each of the two prism films 704a and 704b has a flat surface on the light incident side (backlight device side) and a surface on the light emitting side (viewing side) (a surface facing the backlight side polarizing plate 705). ), A plurality of linear prisms 741a and 741b are formed in parallel.
  • the prism film 704a is arranged so that the direction of the ridge line 742a of the linear prism 741a is substantially parallel to the transmission axis direction of the backlight-side polarizing plate 705, and the prism film 704b is formed of the linear prism 741b. It arrange
  • the direction of the ridgeline 742b of the linear prism 741b of the prism film 704a is arranged so that the direction of the ridgeline 742b of the linear prism 741b of the prism film 704b is substantially parallel to the transmission axis direction of the backlight side polarizing plate 705.
  • the liquid crystal cell 701 includes a pair of transparent substrates 711a and 711b disposed to face each other with a predetermined distance by a spacer, and a liquid crystal layer 712 formed by sealing liquid crystal between the pair of transparent substrates 711a and 711b.
  • a pair of transparent substrates 711a and 711b are formed by laminating transparent electrodes and alignment films, respectively, and a liquid crystal is aligned by applying a voltage based on display data between the transparent electrodes.
  • the display method of the liquid crystal cell 701 is the TN method in the above example, but a display method such as an IPS method or a VA method is also used.
  • the backlight device 702 includes a rectangular parallelepiped case 721 having an upper surface opening, and a plurality of cold cathode tubes 722 as linear light sources arranged in parallel in the case 721.
  • the case 721 is formed of a resin material or a metal material, and at least the case inner peripheral surface is preferably white or silver from the viewpoint of reflecting the light emitted from the cold cathode tube 722 on the case inner peripheral surface.
  • LEDs of various shapes such as a linear shape can be used in addition to a cold cathode tube.
  • the number of the linear light sources to be arranged is not particularly limited, but the distance between the centers of the adjacent linear light sources is in the range of 15 mm to 150 mm from the viewpoint of suppressing luminance unevenness on the light emitting surface. It is preferable.
  • the backlight device 702 used in the present invention is not limited to the direct type shown in FIG. 7, but is a sidelight type in which a linear light source or a point light source is arranged on the side surface of the light guide plate, or a flat surface type. Various types such as a shape light source type can be used.
  • the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can include a light diffusing plate 703 as a light diffusing unit disposed between the backlight device 702 and the light deflecting unit.
  • the light diffusing plate 703 is a film or sheet in which a diffusing agent is dispersed and mixed with a base material.
  • polycarbonate resin methacrylic resin, methyl methacrylate and styrene copolymer resin, acrylonitrile and styrene copolymer resin, methacrylic acid and styrene copolymer resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, Polyolefin resins such as polypropylene and polymethylpentene, cyclic polyolefin resins, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, polyamide resins, polyarylate resins, polyimide resins and the like can be used.
  • the light diffusing means may be a combination of a light diffusing plate and a light diffusing film.
  • the diffusing agent to be mixed and dispersed in the base material organic fine particles composed of acrylic resin, melamine resin, polyethylene resin, polystyrene resin, organic silicone resin, copolymer of acrylic and styrene, etc., which are different from the base material and inorganic fine particles composed of calcium carbonate, silica, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, glass and the like.
  • the kind of diffusing agent to be used may be one kind or two or more kinds.
  • Organic polymer balloons and glass hollow beads can also be used as the diffusing agent.
  • the weight average particle diameter of the diffusing agent is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the shape of the diffusing agent may be spherical, flat, plate-like, or needle-like, but is preferably spherical.
  • the prism films 704a and 704b have a flat surface on the light incident surface side (backlight device side), and a polygonal shape having a tapered cross section on the light emitting surface (surface facing the backlight side polarizing plate 705), preferably A plurality of triangular linear prisms 741a and 741b are formed in parallel.
  • Examples of the material of the prism films 704a and 704b include polycarbonate resin, ABS resin, methacryl resin, copolymer resin of methyl methacrylate and styrene, polystyrene resin, copolymer resin of acrylonitrile and styrene, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene
  • Examples of the resin include ionizing radiation curable resins such as ultraviolet curable resins and electron beam curable resins.
  • the prism film is manufactured by a known method such as a profile extrusion method, a press molding method, an injection molding method, a roll transfer method, a laser ablation method, a mechanical cutting method, a mechanical grinding method, or a photopolymer process method. Can do. Each of these methods may be used alone, or two or more methods may be combined.
  • the thickness of the prism films 704a and 704b is usually 0.1 to 15 mm, preferably 0.5 to 10 mm.
  • the apex angle ⁇ (see FIG. 8) of the vertices forming the ridge line is 90.
  • a range of ⁇ 110 ° is preferred.
  • this triangle may be either an equal side or an unequal side, but when concentrating in the front direction (the normal direction of the display surface of the liquid crystal display device), the triangle may have two sides on the light emitting side. It is preferably an isosceles triangle with equal sides.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the linear prism can be set in accordance with the characteristics of the light emitted from the surface light source, and may have a shape other than a triangle, such as a curved line.
  • a plurality of linear prisms 741a and 741b having a triangular cross section are sequentially arranged so that the bases relative to the apex angle ⁇ of the triangle are adjacent to each other.
  • the ridgelines 742a and 742b of 741a and 741b are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other.
  • each of the vertices of the triangular shape of the linear prisms 741a and 741b may have a curved shape.
  • the distance between the ridge lines is usually in the range of 10 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 30 to 200 ⁇ m.
  • ⁇ Polarizer ⁇ As the backlight side polarizing plate 705 constituting the light diffusing polarizing plate, those described above can be used. Moreover, as a visual recognition side polarizing plate 706, a conventionally well-known thing can be used.
  • the liquid crystal display device of the present invention can include a retardation plate 708.
  • the retardation film 708 is disposed between the backlight side polarizing plate 705 and the liquid crystal cell 701.
  • This phase difference plate 708 has a phase difference of almost zero in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the liquid crystal cell 701, has no optical effect from the front, and has a phase difference when viewed from an oblique direction. It is expressed and compensates for the phase difference generated in the liquid crystal cell 701. As a result, a wider viewing angle can be obtained, and better display quality and color reproducibility can be obtained.
  • the retardation film 708 can be disposed between the backlight side polarizing plate 705 and the liquid crystal cell 701 and between the viewing side polarizing plate 706 and the liquid crystal cell 701, or both.
  • phase difference plate 708 for example, a polycarbonate resin or a cyclic olefin polymer resin is used as a film, and this film is further biaxially stretched, or a liquid crystalline monomer is applied to the film, and its molecular arrangement is changed by a photopolymerization reaction. Immobilized ones are listed.
  • the retardation plate 708 optically compensates for the alignment of the liquid crystal, so that a retardation plate having a refractive index characteristic opposite to that of the liquid crystal alignment is used.
  • a TN mode liquid crystal cell for example, “WV film” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation)
  • STN mode liquid crystal display cell for example, “LC film” (manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation)
  • LC film manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation
  • IPS mode liquid crystal display cells for example, a biaxial retardation film
  • VA mode liquid crystal display cells for example, a retardation plate or a biaxial retardation film combining a A plate and a C plate
  • a ⁇ cell for the mode liquid crystal display cell, for example, “OCB WV film” (manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation) can be suitably used.
  • the light emitted from the backlight device 702 is diffused by the light diffusion plate 703 and then enters the prism film 704a.
  • a vertical cross section perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the backlight-side polarizing plate 705 light incident obliquely with respect to the lower surface of the prism film 704a is emitted with its path changed in the front direction.
  • the prism film 704b in the cross section orthogonal to the transmission axis direction of the viewing side polarizing plate 706, the light incident obliquely with respect to the lower surface of the prism film 704b is changed in the front direction in the same manner as described above. Are emitted. Therefore, the light that has passed through the two prism films 704a and 704b is condensed in the front direction in any vertical section, and the luminance in the front direction is improved.
  • the light imparted with directivity in the front direction is polarized by the backlight side polarizing plate 705 and enters the liquid crystal cell 701.
  • the light incident on the liquid crystal cell 701 is emitted from the liquid crystal cell 701 with the plane of polarization controlled for each pixel by the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 712 controlled by the electric field.
  • emitted from the liquid crystal cell 701 passes the visual recognition side polarizing plate 706, and further radiate
  • the directivity of the light incident on the liquid crystal cell 701 in the front direction can be further increased, thereby further increasing the luminance in the front direction. Can be improved.
  • the light-diffusion film of this invention is used, the outstanding light-diffusion and high permeation
  • the optical properties and surface shape of the light diffusing film, the layer thickness of the light diffusing layer, and the weight average particle diameter of the light-transmitting fine particles used are as follows.
  • the relative scattered light intensity L 2 / L 1 was calculated as a value obtained by measuring the intensity L 2 of the laser light transmitted through and dividing the intensity L 2 of the transmitted scattered light by the light intensity L 1 of the light source.
  • a “3292 03 optical power sensor” manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation and a “3292 optical power meter” manufactured by the same company were used.
  • a light source for irradiating a He—Ne laser was disposed at a position of 430 mm from the glass substrate.
  • the power meter which is a light receiver, was placed at a position 280 mm from the emission point of the laser beam, and the power meter was moved to the predetermined angle to measure the intensity of the emitted laser beam.
  • (E) Layer thickness of light diffusing layer The layer thickness of the light diffusing film is measured using DIGIMICRO MH-15 (main body) and ZC-101 (counter) manufactured by NIKON, and the substrate thickness of 80 ⁇ m is subtracted from the measured layer thickness. Thus, the layer thickness of the light diffusion layer was measured.
  • Example 1 (1) Production of mirror surface metal roll An industrial chromium plating process was performed on the surface of a 200 mm diameter iron roll (STKM13A by JIS), and then the surface was mirror-polished to produce a mirror surface metal roll.
  • the Vickers hardness of the chrome-plated surface of the obtained mirror surface metal roll was 1000.
  • the Vickers hardness was measured according to JIS Z 2244 using an ultrasonic hardness tester MIC10 (manufactured by Krautkramer) (the measurement method of Vickers hardness is the same in the following examples).
  • This coating solution was coated on a 80 ⁇ m thick triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film (base film) and dried for 1 minute in a dryer set at 80 ° C.
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose
  • the base film after drying was brought into close contact with the mirror surface of the mirror surface metal roll produced in (1) above with a rubber roll so that the ultraviolet curable resin composition layer was on the roll side.
  • light from a high-pressure mercury lamp having an intensity of 20 mW / cm 2 is irradiated from the base film side so as to be 300 mJ / cm 2 in terms of the amount of h-line conversion, and the ultraviolet curable resin composition layer is cured and flattened.
  • a light diffusing film having a structure shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the light scattering angle in the obtained light diffusion film (the tilt angle of the emission direction of the transmitted and scattered laser light with respect to the normal of the light diffusion film) and the relative scattered light intensity.
  • Example 2 10 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.39 ⁇ m as the first light-transmitting fine particles, and a weight average particle diameter of 7.2 ⁇ m as the second light-transmitting fine particles, standard A light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 30 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a deviation of 0.73 ⁇ m were used.
  • Example 3 20 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.39 ⁇ m as the first light-transmitting fine particles, and a weight average particle diameter of 8.0 ⁇ m as the second light-transmitting fine particles, standard A light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 20 parts by weight of polystyrene-based particles having a deviation of 0.672 ⁇ m were used.
  • Example 4 9.5 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.39 ⁇ m as the first light-transmitting fine particles, and a weight average particle diameter of 7.2 ⁇ m as the second light-transmitting fine particles
  • a light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 28.5 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a standard deviation of 0.73 ⁇ m were used.
  • Example 5 (1) Production of Embossing Metal Roll An iron roll having a diameter of 200 mm (STKM13A according to JIS) was prepared by applying copper ballad plating to the surface. Copper ballad plating consists of a copper plating layer / thin silver plating layer / surface copper plating layer, and the thickness of the entire plating layer was about 200 ⁇ m.
  • the copper-plated surface is mirror-polished, and further, zirconia beads TZ-B125 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, average particle size: 125 ⁇ m) are used on the polished surface, using a blast device (manufactured by Fuji Seisakusho) Blasting was performed at a blast pressure of 0.05 MPa (gauge pressure, the same applies hereinafter) and a fine particle usage amount of 16 g / cm 2 (a usage amount per 1 cm 2 of surface area of the roll, the same applies hereinafter) to form irregularities on the surface.
  • a blast pressure manufactured by Fuji Seisakusho
  • zirconia beads TZ-SX-17 manufactured by Tosoh Corp., average particle size: 20 ⁇ m
  • blast pressure 0.1 MPa using fine particles Blasting was performed at an amount of 4 g / cm 2 to finely adjust the surface irregularities.
  • the resulting copper-plated iron roll with unevenness was etched with a cupric chloride solution. The etching amount at that time was set to 3 ⁇ m.
  • chromium plating was performed to produce a metal roll for embossing. At this time, the chromium plating thickness was set to 4 ⁇ m.
  • the Vickers hardness of the chromium plating surface of the obtained metal roll for embossing was 1000.
  • 11 weight parts of polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.39 ⁇ m are used as the first light-transmitting fine particles with respect to 100 parts by weight of the solid content of the ultraviolet curable resin composition.
  • 11 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 7.2 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.73 ⁇ m as the second translucent fine particles, and “Lucirin TPO” (made by BASF, Chemical name: 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide) was added in an amount of 5 parts by weight, and diluted with propylene glycol monomethyl ether so that the solid content was 60% by weight to prepare a coating solution.
  • This coating solution was coated on a 80 ⁇ m thick triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film (base film) and dried for 1 minute in a dryer set at 80 ° C.
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose
  • the base film after drying was brought into close contact with the uneven surface of the embossing metal roll produced in (1) above with a rubber roll so that the ultraviolet curable resin composition layer was on the roll side.
  • the ultraviolet ray curable resin composition layer is cured by irradiating light from a high-pressure mercury lamp with an intensity of 20 mW / cm 2 so as to be 300 mJ / cm 2 in terms of the amount of h-ray converted from the base film side,
  • a light diffusing film having a structure shown in FIG.
  • Example 2 A light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 40 parts by weight of polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 7.2 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.73 ⁇ m were used as the light-transmitting fine particles.
  • Example 3 A light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 40 parts by weight of polystyrene-based particles having a weight average particle diameter of 3.0 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.39 ⁇ m were used as the light-transmitting fine particles.
  • Example 4 A light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 40 parts by weight of polystyrene-based particles having a weight average particle diameter of 8.0 ⁇ m and a standard deviation of 0.672 ⁇ m were used as the light-transmitting fine particles.
  • Example 5 A light diffusion film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the ultraviolet curable resin composition layer of the base film after drying was cured without being brought into close contact with the mirror surface of the mirror surface metal roll.
  • a liquid crystal display device was produced using the obtained light diffusion film, and the front contrast, the viewing angle, the degree of moire and the degree of whitening were evaluated.
  • a light diffusion whose luminance value in the direction of 70 ° with respect to the normal direction is 10% of the luminance value in the normal direction
  • Two prism films in which a plurality of linear prisms each having an apex angle of 95 ° were arranged in parallel were used, and these were arranged between the light diffusion plate and the backlight side polarizing plate.
  • one prism film (prism film close to the backlight device) is arranged so that the direction of the ridgeline of the linear prism is substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the backlight side polarizing plate, and the other prism film ( The prism film near the backlight side polarizing plate) was arranged so that the direction of the ridgeline of the linear prism was substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the viewing side polarizing plate described later.
  • the viewing-side polarizing plate was peeled off, and an iodine-based polarizing plate (“TRW842AP7” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was bonded to the backlight-side polarizing plate so as to be crossed Nicol.
  • the light diffusion film produced in 1-5 or Comparative Examples 1-5 was bonded via an adhesive layer to obtain a liquid crystal display device.
  • Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the front contrast, viewing angle, moire level and whiteness. These measurement methods and evaluation criteria are as follows.
  • (A) Front contrast The obtained liquid crystal display device is activated in a dark room, and using a luminance meter BM5A type (manufactured by Topcon Co., Ltd.), the front luminance in the black display state and the white display state is measured, and the front contrast is obtained. Calculated.
  • the front contrast is a ratio of the front luminance in the white display state to the front luminance in the black display state.
  • (B) Viewing angle The display quality of the obtained liquid crystal display device was evaluated from the direction in which the viewing angle (angle formed with the front direction of the liquid crystal display device) was 40 °, 50 °, and 60 °.
  • the evaluation criteria are as follows. A: No abnormality is observed in the display quality. ⁇ : There is almost no abnormality in the display quality. ⁇ : Slightly crushed or reversed. X: Tone crushing and inversion are recognized.
  • the liquid crystal display devices using the light diffusing films of Examples 1 to 5 had high front contrast, excellent viewing angle and moiré-resolving properties, and no whitening occurred.
  • the liquid crystal display devices using the light diffusing films of Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are inferior in moiré resolving properties because the light diffusing films have high transmission clarity.
  • the liquid crystal display device using the light diffusing film of Comparative Example 5 has a large center line average roughness Ra of the light diffusing film, and the surface is rough, so that the transmission clarity is low, and as a result, the front contrast is lowered. The whitishness is also remarkable.
  • Example 6> (Preparation of water-soluble adhesive) 3 parts of carboxyl group-modified polyvinyl alcohol [KL-318 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.] is dissolved in 100 parts of water, and a polyamide-epoxy additive [Sumika Chemtex Co., Ltd.] which is a water-soluble epoxy compound is dissolved in the aqueous solution. 1.5 parts of Sumire's Resin 650 (30), aqueous solution with a solid content concentration of 30%] was added to obtain a water-soluble adhesive.
  • KL-318 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.
  • the light diffusing film prepared in Example 1 subjected to saponification treatment is bonded to one surface of a polarizer in which iodine is adsorbed and oriented on a polyvinyl alcohol film, and the other surface is transparent on the liquid crystal side.
  • a transparent protective film [KC4UEW manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto Co., Ltd.] made of 40 ⁇ m thick triacetyl cellulose subjected to saponification treatment was bonded to prepare a light diffusion polarizing plate.
  • the polarizer and the transparent protective film were bonded by using the water-soluble adhesive prepared above and drying at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes after the bonding.
  • the acrylic adhesive (with a separate film) prepared above was bonded to the 40 ⁇ m thick transparent protective film side of this polarizing plate on the adhesive side to obtain a polarizing plate with an adhesive.
  • Example 7> (Preparation of antireflection film) 10 parts by weight of dipentaerythritol triacrylate, 10 parts by weight of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, 30 parts by weight of urethane acrylate (“UA-306T” manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), “Irgacure 184” (manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.) as a photopolymerization initiator ) 2.5 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone and 50 parts by weight of butyl acetate as a solvent were mixed to prepare a coating liquid for forming a hard coat layer which is an ultraviolet curable resin composition.
  • U-306T manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Irgacure 184 manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.
  • This coating solution was applied onto a transparent resin film (refractive index: 1.49), which is a TAC film having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m, with a wire bar coater and dried in a dryer set at 80 ° C. for 1 minute.
  • a hard coat layer was formed by irradiating the transparent resin film after drying with ultraviolet rays at a power of 120 W for 10 seconds from a distance of 20 cm using a metal hydride lamp.
  • the obtained hard coat layer had a thickness of 5 ⁇ m and a refractive index of 1.52.
  • ATO antimony-doped tin oxide
  • the TAC film on which the hard coat layer is formed is immersed in a 1.5N-NaOH aqueous solution at 50 ° C. for 2 minutes for alkali treatment, washed with water, and then washed with a 0.5 wt% H 2 SO 4 aqueous solution at room temperature. It was neutralized by dipping for 30 seconds, further washed with water, and dried.
  • the antistatic layer-forming coating solution was applied onto the alkali-treated hard coat layer with a wire bar coater and dried in a dryer set at 120 ° C. for 1 minute to form an antistatic layer.
  • the resulting antistatic layer had a thickness of 163 nm, a refractive index of 1.53, and an optical film thickness of 250 nm.
  • an oligomer is formed by adding isopropyl alcohol and 0.1N hydrochloric acid to a 95: 5 (molar ratio) mixture of tetraethoxysilane and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane and hydrolyzing the mixture.
  • a solution containing a polymer of an organosilicon compound was obtained.
  • the obtained coating solution for forming a low refractive index layer was coated on the antistatic layer with a wire bar coater and dried in a dryer set at 120 ° C. for 1 minute to form a low refractive index layer.
  • the obtained low refractive index layer had a thickness of 91 nm, a refractive index of 1.37, and an optical film thickness of 125 nm.
  • an antireflection film comprising a hard coat layer, an antistatic layer and a low refractive index layer on a transparent resin film was produced.
  • a liquid crystal display device was produced using the obtained light diffusable polarizing plate, and the viewing angle, the degree of moire and the degree of whitening were evaluated. Similar to the above evaluation, except that the viewing side polarizing plate was peeled off and the light diffusing polarizing plate produced in Examples 6 and 7 was bonded to the backlight side polarizing plate so as to be crossed Nicol.
  • a liquid crystal display device was obtained by using a mode Panasonic 32 type liquid crystal television “VIERA TH-32LZ85”. The evaluation method and the evaluation criteria are the same as the above evaluation.
  • Table 3 shows the evaluation results of viewing angle, degree of moire and whiteness.
  • the liquid crystal display devices using the light diffusing polarizing plates of Examples 6 and 7 have the same display characteristics as those of Example 1, are excellent in viewing angle and moire elimination, and are white. There was no injury.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un film diffuseur de lumière disposé sur un film substrat et présentant une couche de diffusion de lumière dans laquelle des microparticules émettrices de lumière sont diffusées dans une résine émettrice de lumière. Elle concerne également un procédé de fabrication du film diffuseur de lumière, et une plaque de polarisation diffuseuse de lumière et un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides utilisant le film diffuseur de lumière. Ces microparticules émettrices de lumière comprennent de premières microparticules émettrices de lumière dont le diamètre moyen en poids est supérieur ou égal à 0,5 μm et inférieur à 6 μm; et de secondes microparticules émettrices de lumière dont le diamètre moyen en poids est compris entre 6 et 15 μm. La différence entre le diamètre moyen en poids des premières microparticules émettrices de lumière et celui des secondes microparticules émettrices de lumière est d'au moins 2 μm. Les microparticules émettrices de lumière constituent 22 à 60 parties en poids de la couche de diffusion pour 100 parties en poids de la résine émettrice de lumière. La rugosité moyenne de la ligne médiane de la surface de la couche de diffusion de lumière est d'au plus 0,2 μm.
PCT/JP2010/065362 2009-09-04 2010-09-01 Film diffuseur de lumière et son procédé de fabrication, plaque de polarisation diffuseuse de lumière, et dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides WO2011027905A1 (fr)

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CN201080039074.6A CN102483475B (zh) 2009-09-04 2010-09-01 光扩散膜及其制造方法、光扩散性偏振板以及液晶显示装置

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