Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
  • F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/04—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
  • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
  • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
  • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
  • F22B37/143—Panel shaped heating surfaces built up from tubes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a forced once-through steam generator for the use of steam temperatures of about 650 ° C, the forced flow steam generator having a combustion chamber and a subsequent end of the upper flue and this surrounding Um chargedsleton, wherein the Um chargedsbuild are formed from tube walls whose tubes the working fluid water / Steam lead, the combustion chamber has at least one burner and are arranged in the flue gas Nachschaltsammlungdon.
• Continuous or continuous flow steam generators are known from the publication "Kraftwerkstechnik", Springer-Verlag, 2nd edition 1994, Chapter 4.4.2.4-forced passage (page 1 71 to 1 74), Prof. Dr.-Ing
• the heating of the combustion chamber or the gas train forming pipe walls or enclosure walls leads - in contrast to a natural circulation or forced circulation steam generator with only partial evaporation of circulating water-steam mixture - to an evaporation of the flow or working medium in the tubes of the pipe walls or Um chargedsplin in a single pass.
• the highly stressed parts helical winding and vertical bore
• the surrounding walls which are designed as tube walls, are made of the special materials T23 (a material approved by ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)), T24 (7CrMoVTiB 10-10) or other materials of similar chemical composition, all belonging to the Type of modified, heat-resistant 2.25- 2.5% chromium steels count.
• the material T23 is listed, for example, in the VdTÜV material sheet 51 1/2, issue 06.2001 and the material T24 is listed, for example, in the standard sheet DIN EN 10216-2, October 2007 issue.
• These materials have the advantage that they are best suited for the aforementioned steam parameters and that they can be welded without post-heat treatment and thus the creation of the perimeter walls or pipe walls and their installation on the site are easy to carry out.
• Possible materials for these increased enclosure wall temperatures are martensitic 9-12% chromium steels such as T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1), T92 (X10CrWMoVNb9-2) and VM12-SHC (factory designation of the company Vallourec-Mannesmann) or Ni-base alloys such as Alloy 61 7 (NiCr23Col 2Mo) or Alloy 61 7mod.
• martensitic 9-12% chromium steels such as T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1), T92 (X10CrWMoVNb9-2) and VM12-SHC (factory designation of the company Vallourec-Mannesmann) or Ni-base alloys such as Alloy 61 7 (NiCr23Col 2Mo) or Alloy 61 7mod.
• the heat absorption in the evaporator is not limited in a forced once-through steam generator, since the medium temperature at the evaporator outlet in forced continuous operation is already overheated and the amount of overheating can be set variably.
• the associated temperature level of the steam or the associated calculation temperature in the enclosure walls is governed by a suitable choice of materials with respect to the enclosure walls.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide a forced once-through steam generator for the use of steam temperatures of over 650 ° C, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided or in terms of Um chargedsdorf or pipe walls of the once-through steam generator simple and not complicated and difficult to control manufacturing and assembly operations are to be carried out.
• the above object is solved by the entirety of the features of claim 1.
• the inventive solution creates a once-through steam generator for the use of steam temperatures above 650 ° C., which has the following advantages:
• An advantageous embodiment provides that in the region of the combustion chamber, a part of the enclosing walls covering Schottenmosisation between the upper edge of the uppermost situated burner and lower edge of the lowermost Nachschaltflowerization is arranged.
• a certain area of the combustion chamber is covered with a Schottenmosization on which otherwise a large part of the heat from the combustion chamber would reach the Um chargedsplin and their medium temperature in the enclosure wall and the wall temperature itself would increase so that higher quality materials would have to be used ,
• At least part of the enclosing walls is formed from one of the materials T23, T24 or another material having a similar chemical composition.
• at least the part of the surrounding walls is formed with the aforementioned materials, which is thermally highly loaded or higher than the remaining part of the surrounding walls.
• the materials T23, T24 or another material with a similar chemical composition are high-quality materials which are commercially available and which meet the desired requirements or, after their welding, no heat post-treatment must be carried out on them.
• An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for the SchottenMap
• the bulkhead heating medium is designed as a superheater or reheater heating surface.
• the bulkhead heating surface is efficiently integrated into the water / steam cycle of the once-through steam generator or into the water / steam cycle of a power plant which comprises such a forced-circulation steam generator.
• An advantageous embodiment provides that the bulkhead heating surface is arranged parallel to the surrounding wall. This ensures that the bulkhead heating surface as well as the surrounding wall is arranged vertically and offers the least possible attack surface for ash or slag from the combustion chamber.
• An expedient embodiment provides that the bulkhead heating surface extends adjacent to the surrounding wall. This ensures that the enclosure wall is optimally covered by the bulkhead heating surface and that the lowest possible amount of heat reaches the enclosure wall.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically a longitudinal section through a forced-circulation steam generator according to the invention, Fig. 2 as Figure 1, but alternative embodiment.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically a continuous flow or forced circulation steam generator
• the vertical throttle cable which is formed or bounded by gas-tight enclosure walls 4, includes in the lower region of the combustion chamber 2 and the subsequent flue 3.
• the combustion chamber 2 usually closes down with a combustion chamber funnel and extends up to to the lowest rear heating 7. In the lower part of the combustion chamber
• one or more burners 6 are arranged to increase the cost of a fossil fuel.
• the burners 6 can be arranged either in the corners (corner burners) or in the walls (wall burners) of the combustion chamber 2.
• the various Nachschaltsammlung lake 7 are arranged as Bermmungsflower lake. These are typically economizer heating surfaces, superheater and reheater heating surfaces.
• the flue 3 closes up with a ceiling and he has at its upper end laterally a flue gas outlet 9.
• the once-through steam generator 1 has at least one steam heating surface 8, which covers a part of the surrounding walls 4 in the region of the combustion chamber 2 and whose area-side size is determined so that the heat absorption of the surrounding walls 4 and consequently their temperature is reduced to a value which reduces the formation the perimeter wall 4 of modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels permits, which require no post-treatment after their welding technology processing.
• the surrounding wall 4 in the region of the combustion chamber 2 with a predetermined surface-side size covering Schotten heating surface 8 takes from the combustion chamber 2 so much heat that the heat absorption of the perimeter wall 4 is reduced due to the cover such that the maximum medium temperature at the perimeter wall 4 remains below a value indicating the use of modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels permits, which require no heat aftertreatment after their welding technical processing.
• T23 a material approved by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
• T24 7CrMoVTiB10-10
• another material of similar chemical composition covering steam temperatures up to about 500-510 ° C which are listed, for example, in the booklet "The T23 / T24 Book, New Grades for Waterwalls and Superheaters by Vallourec & Mannesmann Tubes” (booklet on modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels) in the enclosure wall 4 by means of the Schottenflower Tubes” (booklet on modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels) in the enclosure wall 4 by means of the Schottenflower Tubes 8 arranged according to the invention can be dispensed with the use of high temperature resistant materials such as martensitic, chromium-containing steels or nickel-base alloys for the enclosure wall 4, the heat treatment after their welding process elaborate heat treatment (martensitic, 9-1 2% chromium-containing steels) or because of the high shrinkage properties Be processed
• the now used high quality materials that require no heat after treatment or no elaborate processing after their welding processing can either be used anywhere on the Um chargedswand 4 or according to a commercially more advantageous variant, at least on the parts of the enclosing walls 4, their high thermal load this is required. These are, for example, the areas on the burners 6 and directly above the burners 6 within the combustion chamber 2. At the parts of the Um chargedsnova 4, the thermal load is lower, such as in the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 (below the burner 6 including combustor funnel) with Medium temperatures of about ⁇ 400-460 ° C in the tube walls are to reduce investment costs compared to the aforementioned high quality materials lower valued materials, such. B. 16Mo3 or 1 3CrMo45 used. These materials also need after their welding technology no postheat treatment or no further elaborate processing.
• the enclosing walls 4, which are formed as tube walls 5, are usually made of a welded pipe-web-tube combination, wherein the tubes of the Pipe walls 5 lead the working medium water / steam and can be formed within the enclosure walls 4 either obliquely or vertically or from a combination of oblique and vertical.
• the arranged in the Um drawnstentn 4 tubes are used in the lower and middle part of the combustion chamber 2 as evaporator tubes, ie, the fed and preheated water is evaporated in these evaporator tubes.
• the tubes arranged in the surrounding wall 4 can already be switched as a superheater heating surface.
• the Schotten heating surface 8 itself which now receives a portion of the heat from the combustion chamber 2 is formed according to the temperature requirements with suitable materials. Since very high temperatures are to be controlled, martensitic 9-1 2% chromium-containing steels, austenitic steels or nickel-based alloys have proven suitable for this purpose.
• the Schotten heating surface 8 may consist of individual, closely spaced and parallel tubes or pipe-web-tube construction.
• the tubes of the Schottenmosing composition 8 usually run horizontally within the heating surface, but can also extend vertically.
• the bulkhead heating surface 8 is preferably arranged parallel to the surrounding wall 4 and more preferably adjacent to the latter.
• the targeted arrangement of the bulkheads heating surface 8, especially in this area of the combustion chamber 2, allows the generally hottest region of the surrounding wall 4 or pipe wall 5 within the combustion chamber 2 to be covered in a very targeted manner.
• the Schottenflowering scene 8 can be advantageously used as a superheater heating within the forced flow steam generator 1. However, it is also possible to use it as a reheater heating surface.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
• Air Supply (AREA)
• Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
• Gas Burners (AREA)
• Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
• Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

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• 2009
  • 2009-09-04 DE DE102009040250.0A patent/DE102009040250B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2010
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  • 2010-08-20 WO PCT/DE2010/000981 patent/WO2011026461A2/de active Application Filing
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• 2012
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