WO2011004906A1 - Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides et film de diffusion de lumière - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides et film de diffusion de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011004906A1
WO2011004906A1 PCT/JP2010/061855 JP2010061855W WO2011004906A1 WO 2011004906 A1 WO2011004906 A1 WO 2011004906A1 JP 2010061855 W JP2010061855 W JP 2010061855W WO 2011004906 A1 WO2011004906 A1 WO 2011004906A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
light
light diffusion
diffusion layer
display device
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PCT/JP2010/061855
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
羽場康弘
山原基裕
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住友化学株式会社
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Priority to CN201080029994XA priority Critical patent/CN102472912A/zh
Publication of WO2011004906A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011004906A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133604—Direct backlight with lamps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device having excellent viewing angle characteristics.
  • liquid crystal display devices have been widely used from portable small electronic devices such as cellular phones and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) to large electric devices such as personal computers and televisions, and their applications are expanding. Yes.
  • a liquid crystal display device does not emit light. For this reason, in a transmissive liquid crystal display device, a backlight device is provided on the back side of the liquid crystal display element, and the liquid crystal display element controls the transmitted light amount of illumination light from the backlight device for each pixel. An image is displayed.
  • liquid crystal display devices such as a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, an STN (Super Twisted Nematic) method, a VA (Vertical Alignment) method, and an IPS (In-plane Switching) method.
  • TN Transmission Nematic
  • STN Super Twisted Nematic
  • VA Very Alignment
  • IPS In-plane Switching
  • a narrow viewing angle direction exists due to light leakage due to the liquid crystal molecules having a retardation value, a shift of the axial angle of the polarizing plate when it is oblique, and the like.
  • a method for expanding the viewing angle a method of optical compensation to a liquid crystal cell or a polarizing plate using a retardation plate is widely adopted (for example, JPH04-229828-A and JPH04-258923-A).
  • a liquid crystal cell is illuminated with parallel or substantially parallel light source light, and the transmitted light of the liquid crystal cell is transmitted by a light diffusion layer having high haze.
  • Methods for diffusing are known (e.g. JPS 58-169132-A, JPS 60-202425-A and JUS 62-110977-A).
  • the light diffusion layer used in these techniques include a concave lens and a transparent base material having irregularities on the surface.
  • the liquid crystal display device has large irregularities on the outermost surface, which is outside the environment where the display device is placed. Reflecting the light, the screen became whitish and the display quality was not sufficient.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of realizing a display with a wide viewing angle and high color reproducibility even in the presence of external light from the environment.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of expanding the viewing angle without using a retardation plate, that is, without increasing the number of components.
  • the present invention includes the following.
  • a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal layer is provided between a pair of transparent substrates;
  • a backlight device provided on the back side of the liquid crystal cell;
  • a first light diffusion layer having a light diffusion function and / or a light deflection function disposed between the backlight device and the liquid crystal cell;
  • a first polarizing plate disposed between the first light diffusion layer and the liquid crystal cell;
  • a second light diffusion layer disposed on the front side of the liquid crystal cell;
  • a second polarizing plate disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the second light diffusion layer,
  • the second light diffusion layer has a normal direction relative to the intensity of the laser light incident in the normal direction of the second light diffusion layer when a laser beam having a wavelength of 543.5 nm is incident from the normal direction on the back side.
  • a light diffusion characteristic in which the relative intensity of laser light emitted in a direction inclined by 40 ° is 0.0002% to 0.001%;
  • the liquid crystal display device whose external haze of
  • the side (light emitting side) that becomes the display screen of the liquid crystal display device is referred to as “front side”, and the opposite side (light incident side) is referred to as “back side”.
  • liquid crystal display device according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the liquid crystal cell is any one of a TN liquid crystal cell, an IPS liquid crystal cell, and a VA liquid crystal cell.
  • the combination of the second light diffusion layer and the second support film is composed of a light diffusion film in which a light diffusion layer is formed directly on one surface of the transparent base film or via an adhesive layer.
  • the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizing plate back side of the liquid crystal cell
  • the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate It is preferable to further dispose a retardation plate on the front side of the liquid crystal cell.
  • the retardation plate may not be provided from the viewpoint of reducing the number of parts, improving the assembly of the apparatus and increasing the productivity.
  • the liquid crystal cell may be a TN liquid crystal and may not include a retardation plate.
  • liquid crystal display device of the present invention a wide viewing angle, high display quality, and excellent color reproducibility can be obtained. Further, viewing angle characteristics that do not hinder actual use can be obtained without using a retardation plate.
  • liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 1 is a normally white mode TN liquid crystal display device, and includes a liquid crystal cell 1 in which a liquid crystal layer 12 is provided between a pair of transparent substrates 11a and 11b, and a back surface of the liquid crystal cell 1.
  • a direct-type backlight device 2 provided with a plurality of cold-cathode tubes 21 provided in parallel at predetermined intervals is provided.
  • a first light diffusion layer 3 and a first polarizing plate 4 are arranged in this order from the backlight device side, and on the front side surface of the liquid crystal cell 1 from the liquid crystal cell 1 side.
  • the 2nd polarizing plate 6 and the 2nd light-diffusion layer 5 are arrange
  • the first light diffusing layer 3 includes a light diffusing plate 31 having a light diffusing function and prism sheets (light deflecting structure plates) 32 a and 32 b provided on the front side surface of the light diffusing plate 31 and having a light deflecting function. Is done.
  • the light emitted from the backlight device 2 is diffused by the light diffusion plate 31 of the first light diffusion layer 3, and then the light incident surface of the liquid crystal cell 1 by the prism sheet 32.
  • Predetermined directivity with respect to the normal direction is given.
  • the directivity with respect to the normal direction is set higher than that of the conventional apparatus.
  • the light having a predetermined directivity is polarized by the first polarizing plate 4 and enters the liquid crystal cell 1.
  • the light incident on the liquid crystal cell 1 is emitted from the liquid crystal cell 1 with its polarization plane controlled for each pixel by the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 12 controlled by the electric field.
  • the light emitted from the liquid crystal cell 1 is imaged and diffused by the second polarizing plate 6 and the second light diffusion layer 5.
  • the directivity in the normal direction of the light incident on the liquid crystal cell 1 in the first light diffusion layer 3 is higher than that in the conventional case, that is, the incident light on the liquid crystal cell 1.
  • the light emitted from the liquid crystal cell 1 is diffused by the second light diffusion layer 5.
  • a wide viewing angle and excellent color reproducibility can be obtained as compared with the conventional apparatus.
  • a liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of transparent substrates 11a and 11b arranged to face each other at a predetermined distance by a spacer (not shown), and the pair of transparent substrates 11a and 11b.
  • the liquid crystal layer 12 is provided.
  • a transparent electrode and an alignment film are laminated on each of the pair of transparent substrates 11a and 11b, and the liquid crystal is aligned by applying a voltage based on display data between the transparent electrodes.
  • the display method of the liquid crystal cell 1 is the TN method, but a display method such as an IPS method or a VA method may be adopted.
  • the backlight device 2 used in the present invention is not limited to the direct type shown in FIG. 1, but is a side-ride type in which a linear light source or a point light source is arranged on the side surface of the light guide plate, or a light source itself. Conventionally known ones such as a planar light source type can be used.
  • the first light diffusion layer 3 includes a light diffusion plate 31 and prism sheets 32a and 32b. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the first light diffusion layer 3 may have a configuration in which a prism sheet 32 is provided on the front side of the light diffusion plate 31.
  • the light diffusing plate 31 has a configuration in which a diffusing agent 312 is dispersed in a base material 311.
  • polycarbonate methacrylic resin, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer resin, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin, methacrylic acid-styrene copolymer resin, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, Polyolefins such as polymethylpentene, cyclic polyolefins, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate, polyamide resins, polyarylate, polyimide, and the like can be used.
  • the diffusing agent 312 dispersed in the base material 311 is fine particles made of a substance having a refractive index different from that of the material of the base material 311.
  • a kind of acrylic resin different from the material of the base material 311 Organic fine particles such as melamine resin, polyethylene, polystyrene, organic silicone resin, acrylic-styrene copolymer, and inorganic fine particles such as calcium carbonate, silica, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, glass, etc.
  • Organic polymer balloons and glass hollow beads can also be used as the diffusing agent 312.
  • the average particle size of the diffusing agent 312 is preferably in the range of 0.5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the shape of the diffusing agent 312 may be not only spherical but also flat, plate-like, and needle-like.
  • the prism sheet 32 has a flat surface on the back side (light incident surface side) and a prism surface in which V-shaped linear grooves 321 are arranged in parallel on the front side (light emission surface side).
  • the material of the prism sheet 32 include polycarbonate resin, ABS resin, methacrylic resin, methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer resin, polystyrene resin, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin, polyolefin resin such as polyethylene / polypropylene, or Examples include cured products of ionizing radiation curable resins such as ultraviolet curable resins and electron beam curable resins.
  • the prism sheet 32 can be manufactured by a known method such as a profile extrusion method, a press molding method, an injection molding method, a roll transfer method, a laser ablation method, a mechanical cutting method, a mechanical grinding method, or a photopolymer process method. Each of these methods may be used alone, or two or more methods may be combined. Further, a light diffusing agent may be dispersed in the prism sheet 32.
  • the thickness of the prism sheet 32 is usually 0.1 to 15 mm, preferably 0.5 to 10 mm.
  • the light diffusing plate 31 and the prism sheet 32 may be formed integrally, or may be formed separately and then joined. Moreover, when producing and joining as a different body, you may make it contact between the light-diffusion plate 31 and the prism sheet 32 via an air layer.
  • a diffusing agent 312 is dispersed in a prism sheet 32 having a light deflection function, and the prism sheet 32 is further provided with a light diffusing function.
  • the light diffusing plate 31 may be omitted.
  • the light distribution characteristic of the light that has passed through the first light diffusion layer 3 is such that the luminance in a direction inclined by 70 ° from the normal direction is 20% or less with respect to the luminance in the normal direction, and from the first light diffusion layer.
  • the emitted light preferably includes non-parallel light.
  • a more preferable light distribution characteristic is an alignment characteristic in which there is no light in a direction inclined at an angle exceeding 60 ° from the normal direction.
  • the non-parallel light is parallel to the light emitting surface 71, as shown in FIG. 4, in which the light emitted from the circle 72 having a diameter of 1 cm on the light emitting surface 71 is separated by 1 m in the normal direction of the light emitting surface 71.
  • the light When viewed as a projected image 74 on a particular observation surface 73, the light has such emission characteristics that the minimum half-value width 75 of the in-plane luminance distribution of the projected image 74 is 30 cm or more. Note that the minimum half-value width here is the minimum value of the half-value width in all directions of the in-plane luminance distribution.
  • the shape of the prism portion 322 having a triangular cross section formed between the V-shaped linear grooves 321 of the prism sheet 32 may be adjusted.
  • the apex angle ⁇ (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) of the triangle which is the cross section of the prism portion 322 is preferably in the range of 60 to 120 °.
  • each side of this triangle may be either an equal side or an unequal side, and when concentrating in the front direction (normal direction) of the liquid crystal cell 1, the front side (light emission side) It is preferable that the two sides are equal isosceles triangles.
  • a plurality of prism portions 322 having such a triangular cross section are arranged so that the bases opposite to the apex angle ⁇ of the triangle are adjacent to each other, and the ridge lines (or the plurality of V-shaped portions) of the plurality of prism portions 322 are arranged.
  • the linear grooves 321) are preferably arranged so as to be substantially parallel to each other. In this case, as long as the light collecting ability is not significantly reduced, each vertex of the triangular shape of the prism portion 322 may have a curved shape or the like.
  • the distance d between the vertices (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) is usually in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, and preferably in the range of 30 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the first polarizing plate 4 used in the present invention one obtained by bonding a support film on both sides of a polarizer is usually used.
  • polarizers are those obtained by adsorbing and orienting dichroic dyes or iodine on polarizer substrates such as polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyvinyl acetate resins, ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) resins, polyamide resins, and polyester resins.
  • EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate
  • polyamide resins polyamide resins
  • polyester resins polyester resins.
  • a molecularly oriented polyvinyl alcohol film a polyvinyl alcohol / polyvinylene copolymer containing oriented molecular chains of a dichroic dehydrated product of polyvinyl alcohol (polyvinylene).
  • a polarizer substrate made of polyvinyl alcohol resin obtained by adsorbing and orienting a dichroic dye or iodine is preferably used as the polarizer.
  • the thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited, but in general, it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ m, still more preferably in the range of 25 to 35 ⁇ m for the purpose of reducing the thickness of the polarizing plate.
  • a film made of a polymer having low birefringence, excellent transparency, mechanical strength, thermal stability, moisture shielding property and the like is preferable.
  • films are cellulose acetate resins such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose), acrylic resins, fluorine resins such as tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymers, polycarbonate resins, polyethylene terephthalate.
  • a triacetyl cellulose film or a norbornene-based thermoplastic resin film whose surface is saponified with an alkali or the like can be preferably used from the viewpoints of polarization characteristics and durability.
  • the norbornene-based thermoplastic resin film is particularly suitable because the film becomes a good barrier from heat and wet heat, so that the durability of the polarizing plate 4 is greatly improved and the dimensional stability is greatly improved because of its low moisture absorption rate.
  • a conventionally known method such as a casting method, a calendar method, or an extrusion method can be used.
  • the thickness of the support film is not limited, but is usually preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably in the range of 5 to 300 ⁇ m, and still more preferably in the range of 5 to 150 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the polarizing plate 4.
  • the second polarizing plate 6 is paired with the first polarizing plate 4 disposed on the back side of the liquid crystal cell 1, and those exemplified for the first polarizing plate 4 can also be suitably used here.
  • the second polarizing plate 6 is usually arranged so that the deflection surface thereof is orthogonal to the deflection surface of the first polarizing plate 4 or in parallel.
  • the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate may be installed so that the deflection surfaces thereof are perpendicular to each other. What is necessary is just to install so that the polarizing surface of 2 polarizing plates may become parallel.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the second light diffusion layer 5 and the second polarizing plate 6 arranged in the liquid crystal display device of FIG.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate various forms of the second light diffusion layer 5.
  • the second polarizing plate 6 includes a polarizer 60, a first support film 61 disposed on the liquid crystal cell side of the polarizer 60, and the second light diffusion layer 5 side of the polarizer. It is comprised from the 2nd support film 62 arrange
  • the polarizer 60 is the same as the polarizer used for the second polarizing plate.
  • the 1st support film 61 and the 2nd support film 62 are the same as the support film used for the above-mentioned 2nd polarizing plate.
  • the second light diffusing layer 5 is obtained by applying a resin composition in which minute translucent fine particles 52 are dispersed on the second support film 62 of the second polarizing plate 6, and making the surface flat and curing.
  • the translucent resin layer 51 in which translucent fine particles 52 are dispersed is formed on the second polarizing plate 6 as the second light diffusion layer 5.
  • the dispersion of the translucent fine particles 52 in the resin composition is preferably isotropic dispersion.
  • a resin composition in which minute translucent fine particles 52 are dispersed is applied on the second support film 62 of the second polarizing plate 6 and cured.
  • a translucent resin layer 51 having irregularities on the surface where the translucent fine particles 52 are dispersed is formed on the second polarizing plate 6.
  • a hard coat layer 53 having a flat surface is formed by applying a resin composition similar to that of the light transmissive resin layer 51 containing no light transmissive fine particles thereon and then curing the surface with a flat surface.
  • the 2nd polarizing plate 6 is the same as that of Fig.5 (a).
  • the second light diffusing layer 5 having such a configuration is adapted to the intensity of the laser light incident in the normal direction of the second light diffusing layer when laser light having a wavelength of 543.5 nm is incident from the normal direction on the back side.
  • the light diffusion characteristic is such that the relative intensity of the laser light emitted in a direction inclined by 40 ° from the normal direction is 0.0002% to 0.001%. Furthermore, it is preferable that the angle (emitted angle) with respect to the normal direction where the relative intensity of the laser beam is 0.0008% or less is 40 ° or more.
  • the light transmitted from the liquid crystal cell 1 to the front side is scattered forward, and the viewing angle is suppressed while coloring of the image viewed from an oblique direction is suppressed while maintaining the sharpness of the image of the transmitted light in the front direction. Becomes wider.
  • the light-transmitting resin layer 51 in which the light-transmitting fine particles 52 are dispersed is used as the second light diffusion layer 5
  • What is necessary is just to adjust the shape, particle diameter, addition amount of the fine particles 52, the refractive index difference between the translucent fine particles 52 and the translucent resin layer 51, and the like.
  • any resin can be used as long as it is a transparent resin that can be cured by any method. It is preferable to use a product. And the method of hardening
  • the ultraviolet curable resin composition known ones can be used, but considering that the second light diffusion layer is disposed on the outermost side of the liquid crystal display device, the light diffusion layer has sufficient mechanical strength. Therefore, it is preferable that the ultraviolet curable resin composition also has characteristics as a resin composition for hard coat. As such an ultraviolet curable resin composition, an acrylic or epoxy hard coat resin composition is preferably used.
  • a polyfunctional acrylate such as trimethylolpropane triacrylate or pentaerythritol tetraacrylate alone or Mixtures of two or more with photopolymerization initiators such as “Irgacure 907”, “Irgacure 184” (from Ciba Specialty Chemicals), “Lucirin TPO” (from BASF), etc. It can be preferably used.
  • the translucent fine particles 52 are fine particles made of a material having a refractive index different from that of the translucent resin layer 51, and examples thereof include acrylic resin, melamine resin, polyethylene, polystyrene, organic silicone resin, and acrylic-styrene copolymer.
  • Organic fine particles such as calcium carbonate, silica, aluminum oxide, barium carbonate, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, glass and the like, and one of these is used, or two or more are mixed. Can be used. Organic polymer balloons and glass hollow beads can also be used.
  • the average particle diameter of the translucent fine particles 52 is preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
  • the shape of the translucent fine particles 52 may be any of a spherical shape, a flat shape, a plate shape, a needle shape, and the like, but a spherical shape is particularly desirable.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of forming the second light diffusing layer 5 on the second polarizing plate 6 using the light diffusing film 54.
  • the light diffusion film 54 includes a light diffusion layer 54A and a transparent base film 54B.
  • the light diffusion layer 54A is the same as the second light diffusion layer described above.
  • the transparent substrate film 54B is not particularly limited as long as it is a transparent film.
  • the resin used for forming the transparent substrate film 54B include cellulose acetate resins such as TAC (triacetyl cellulose), Examples thereof include acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, and polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate.
  • Method 1 using a light diffusion film As shown in FIG. 6A, the transparent base film 54B side of the light diffusion film 54 is laminated directly or via an adhesive layer on the polarizer 60 (on the side opposite to the first support film 61). In this way, the light diffusion layer 54A and the transparent base film 54B of the light diffusion film 54 are used as the second light diffusion layer 5 and the second support film 62 of the liquid crystal display device, respectively, and the first support film 61, The second polarizing plate 6 in which the polarizer 60 and the second support film 62 are laminated in this order, and the second light diffusion layer 5 directly laminated on the second support film 62 are obtained.
  • the transparent base film 54 ⁇ / b> B side of the light diffusion film 54 is laminated on the second support film of the second polarizing plate 6 directly or via an adhesive layer.
  • an adhesive layer here is comprised from an adhesive or an adhesive agent.
  • the first support film 61, the polarizer 60, and the second support film 62 are laminated in this order, and the second support film 62 is directly or via an adhesive layer.
  • the transparent substrate film 54B is laminated, and the second light diffusion layer 5 laminated directly on the transparent substrate film 54B is obtained.
  • the “normal direction on the back side of the second polarizing plate” refers to the normal direction on the light incident side with respect to the flat surface of the second polarizing plate 6.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows the incident direction and the emission direction of the laser beam when measuring the relative intensity of the laser beam incident from the normal direction on the back side of the second polarizing plate and emitted to the second light diffusion layer side.
  • FIG. 7 the direction of the angle ⁇ from the normal direction 92 on the second light diffusion layer side with respect to the laser light 93 incident in the normal direction from the back side (the lower side in the figure) of the surface 91 of the second light diffusion layer.
  • the intensity of the laser beam 94 emitted from the laser beam is measured.
  • a value obtained by dividing the measured intensity of the laser beam 94 by the intensity of the incident laser beam 93 is the relative intensity. Note that the laser beam 94, the normal direction 92, and the incident laser beam 93 are all measured on the same plane (plane 95 in FIG. 7).
  • FIG. 8 is an example of a graph in which the relative intensity of laser light emitted from the second light diffusion layer side is plotted against the emission angle ⁇ .
  • the relative intensity has a peak in the outgoing angle of 0 °, that is, the normal direction 92 in FIG. 7, and the relative intensity tends to decrease as the outgoing angle ⁇ increases with respect to the normal direction 92.
  • the relative intensity is 0.0008% or less when the emission angle ⁇ is 41 ° or more.
  • FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
  • the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 9 is different from the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 1 in that a phase difference plate 8 is disposed between the first polarizing plate 4 and the liquid crystal cell 1.
  • This phase difference plate 8 has substantially zero phase difference in the normal direction of the surface of the liquid crystal cell 1 and has no optical effect on the normal direction (front direction) of the surface of the liquid crystal cell 1.
  • a phase difference appears in a direction oblique to the direction, and an attempt is made to compensate for the phase difference generated in the liquid crystal cell 1 when the liquid crystal display device is viewed obliquely.
  • the retardation plate 8 can be disposed between the first polarizing plate 4 and the liquid crystal cell 1 and between or between the second polarizing plate 6 and the liquid crystal cell 1.
  • phase difference plate 8 examples include those obtained by using a polycarbonate resin or a cyclic olefin polymer resin as a film, further biaxially stretching the film, and those obtained by fixing a molecular arrangement of a liquid crystalline monomer by a photopolymerization reaction. Since the phase difference plate 8 optically compensates for the alignment of the liquid crystal, it is preferable to use one having a refractive index characteristic opposite to that of the liquid crystal alignment.
  • liquid crystal display cell of TN mode for example, “WV film” (manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.)
  • liquid crystal display cell of STN mode for example, “LC film” (manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation)
  • LC film manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation
  • IPS mode liquid crystal cell for example, biaxial retardation film
  • VA mode liquid crystal cell for example, retardation plate combining A-plate and C-plate, biaxial retardation film, ⁇ cell mode
  • OV WV film manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.
  • crosslinked siloxane-based resin particles (“Trefill DY33-719” manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd., refractive index of 1.42, Together with a weight average particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m), the mixture was melt kneaded by a first extruder and supplied to a feed block.
  • the addition amount of the crosslinked siloxane-based resin particles the total light transmittance Tt of the diffusion plate was adjusted, and a light diffusion plate having a total light transmittance Tt of 65% was produced.
  • the resin supplied from the first extruder to the feed block becomes an intermediate layer (base layer), and the resin supplied from the second extruder to the feed block becomes a surface layer (both sides).
  • the laminate is made of three layers having a thickness of 2 mm (intermediate layer 1.90 mm, surface layer 0.05 mm ⁇ 2).
  • the total light transmittance Tt was measured using a haze / transmittance meter (HR-100, manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS K 7361.
  • a styrene resin (refractive index: 1.59) was press-molded to produce a 1 mm thick flat plate. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a prism sheet having prism portions 322 having an isosceles triangle cross section in which the apex angle is ⁇ and the distance d between vertices is 50 ⁇ m, and V-shaped linear grooves 321 are arranged in parallel. Using a metal mold having a shape corresponding to 32, the styrene resin plate was re-press molded to produce a prism sheet.
  • the apex angle ⁇ has a luminance in a direction inclined by 70 ° with respect to the normal line direction when the prism sheet is incorporated as a member of the first light diffusion layer of the liquid crystal display device of an embodiment to be described later.
  • the brightness was adjusted to 0%, 10%, and 20% of the luminance in the line direction.
  • the light diffusing plate 31 and the prism sheets 32a and 32b are arranged in the arrangement shown in FIG.
  • the layers were laminated as follows. At this time, the V-shaped linear groove of one prism sheet is arranged so that the direction of the V-shaped linear groove is substantially parallel to the cold cathode tube 21 of the backlight device 2, and the V-shaped linear groove of the other prism film is arranged.
  • the prism sheets 32a and 32b were laminated so that the direction was orthogonal to the direction of the V-shaped linear groove of the former prism sheet.
  • Pentaerythritol triacrylate 60 parts by mass
  • polyfunctional urethanized acrylate reaction product of hexamethylene diisocyanate and pentaerythritol triacrylate, 40 parts by mass
  • the refractive index of the cured product after removing propylene glycol monomethyl ether from the composition and curing with ultraviolet rays was 1.53.
  • polystyrene particles having a weight average particle diameter of 12.0 ⁇ m (SBX-12 manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) are used as translucent fine particles.
  • 30 parts by mass 5 parts by mass of “Lucirin TPO” (BASF Corp., chemical name: 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide), which is a photopolymerization initiator, is added to a solid content ratio of 60% by mass.
  • a coating solution was prepared by diluting with propylene glycol monomethyl ether.
  • This coating solution was applied onto a flat triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film (second polarizer polarizing film 62 in the second polarizing plate) having a thickness of 80 ⁇ m and dried for 1 minute in a dryer set at 80 ° C. I let you.
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose
  • the TAC film on which the coating solution is dried and the ultraviolet curable resin composition layer is formed is a rubber roll so that the ultraviolet curable resin composition layer is on the mold side on the mirror surface of the mold prepared in (1) above. Press to make contact.
  • ⁇ Production Example 2 Second light diffusion layer in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that 40 parts by mass of polystyrene-based particles (SBX-6 manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) having a weight average particle size of 6.0 ⁇ m were used as the light-transmitting fine particles. Got. At this time, the thickness of the translucent resin layer 51 in which the translucent fine particles 52 were dispersed was 15.5 ⁇ m.
  • the UV curable resin composition layer is irradiated with light from a high pressure mercury lamp having an intensity of 20 mW / cm 2 from the UV curable resin side so as to be 300 mJ / cm 2 in terms of h-ray conversion amount without being pressed against the mirror surface of the mold.
  • a second light diffusion layer was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that was cured. At this time, the thickness of the translucent resin layer 51 in which the translucent fine particles 52 were dispersed was 27.2 ⁇ m.
  • the second light diffusion layer was formed in the same manner as in Production Example 5 except that 40 parts by mass of polystyrene-based particles having a weight average particle size of 6.0 ⁇ m (SBX-6 manufactured by Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) were used as the light-transmitting fine particles. Obtained. At this time, the thickness of the translucent resin layer 51 in which the translucent fine particles 52 were dispersed was 16.1 ⁇ m.
  • the TAC film side laminated on the second light diffusion layer is bonded to the glass substrate using an optically transparent adhesive so that the second light diffusion layer becomes the surface. In that state, the entire haze was measured by irradiating light from the glass substrate side.
  • a glass substrate and a TAC film do not influence the measurement of each haze value, and a measured value here is equivalent to the haze value of a 2nd light-diffusion layer.
  • the measurement of the internal haze was performed in the same manner as the measurement of the total haze by sticking a triacetyl cellulose film having a haze of almost 0 to the film surface with glycerin to eliminate the influence of the outside of the film.
  • the external haze was determined from the measured values of the total haze and internal haze according to the following formula.
  • External haze (%) Total haze (%)-Internal haze (%) ⁇ Measurement of laser light intensity at each emission angle>
  • the second light diffusion layer obtained in Production Examples 1 to 6 was bonded to a glass substrate, and from a He-Ne laser having a wavelength of 543.5 nm in the normal direction of the second light diffusion layer from the glass substrate side.
  • the light transmitting resin layer in which the light transmitting fine particles are dispersed among the layers constituting the second light diffusion layer is irradiated at a predetermined angle of 0 ° to 90 ° with respect to the normal direction of the glass substrate surface.
  • the intensity of the laser beam emitted at an angle (exit angle) was measured.
  • “3292 03 optical power sensor” and “3292 optical power meter” manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corporation were used.
  • the emission angle (°) and normal line where the intensity ratio (relative intensity) of the laser beam emitted at a predetermined emission angle to the intensity of the laser beam applied to the second light diffusion layer is 0.0008% or less.
  • Table 1 shows the relative intensity (%) emitted in a direction inclined by 40 ° from the direction.
  • a light source for irradiating a He—Ne laser was disposed at a position of 430 mm from the glass substrate.
  • the power sensor which is a light receiver, was placed at a position 280 mm from the emission point of the laser beam, and the power sensor was moved to the predetermined angle to measure the intensity of the emitted laser beam. Further, the intensity of the laser light irradiated to the second light diffusion layer, that is, the intensity of the laser light irradiated from the light source is determined from the light source without installing a glass substrate on which the second light diffusion layer is bonded. It was determined by measuring the intensity of light directly incident on the power sensor. In addition, the said intensity
  • positioning the said power sensor in the position of 710 mm ( 430mm + 280mm) from the said light source.
  • Example 1 As the liquid crystal display device, the luminance in the direction inclined by 70 ° from the normal direction is the luminance in the normal direction on the front side of the backlight device of the 32-inch liquid crystal television (LC-32D10-B) manufactured by Sharp Corporation in VA mode. A liquid crystal display device provided with the first light diffusion layer of 10% was used. Next, the polarizing plates on both sides and the retardation plate in the liquid crystal cell of the liquid crystal display device are peeled off, and an iodine-based normal polarizing plate (TRW842AP7) manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • TRW842AP7 iodine-based normal polarizing plate manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • the iodine-based normal polarization obtained by bonding the second light diffusion layer with the TAC film (the polarizer support film in the second polarizing plate) obtained in Production Example 1 to the front side.
  • Example 2 As the first light diffusion layer, the first light diffusion layer (Example 2) in which the luminance in the direction inclined by 70 ° from the normal direction is 0% of the luminance in the normal direction, and the first diffusion layer which is 20% A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that (Example 3) was used.
  • Example 4 A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the second light diffusion layer obtained in Production Example 2 was used as the second light diffusion layer.
  • Example 1 A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the second light diffusion layer obtained in Production Example 3 was used as the second light diffusion layer.
  • Example 2 A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the second light diffusion layer obtained in Production Example 4 was used as the second light diffusion layer.
  • the viewing angle with respect to the front direction (normal direction) of the liquid crystal screen is between 0 ° (front) and 60 °. No abnormality was observed in gradation inversion, gradation collapse, color tone, white floating in black display, and luminance change, and all were good. In the evaluation in the bright room, the display quality was good as in the evaluation in the dark room.
  • the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 1 had a low luminance when viewed from an oblique direction and an insufficient viewing angle. Further, the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 2 had low luminance when viewed from the front, and display quality was insufficient. Further, the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 had sufficient display quality in the dark room, but the screen became whitish in the bright room, and the display quality was insufficient.
  • Example 5 As a liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 26-inch liquid crystal television (TL2686TW) manufactured by TECO in TN mode was used, and visual evaluation was performed in a dark room and a bright room. In both the dark room and the bright room, when the viewing angle is between 0 ° (front) and 60 °, there are no abnormalities in gradation inversion, gradation collapse, color tone, white floating in black display, and luminance change. The display quality was good.
  • TECO 26-inch liquid crystal television
  • Example 6 A liquid crystal display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a 32-inch liquid crystal television (VIERA TH-32LZ85) manufactured by Panasonic Corporation in IPS mode was used as the liquid crystal display device, and visual evaluation was performed in a dark room and a bright room. In both the dark room and the bright room, when the viewing angle is between 0 ° (front) and 60 °, there are no abnormalities in gradation inversion, gradation collapse, color tone, white floating in black display, and luminance change. The display quality was good.
  • VIPERA TH-32LZ85 32-inch liquid crystal television manufactured by Panasonic Corporation in IPS mode

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides qui comprend : une cellule de cristaux liquides qui est obtenue par l'agencement d'une couche de cristaux liquides entre une paire de substrats transparents ; une unité de rétroéclairage qui est agencée sur le côté surface arrière de la cellule de cristaux liquides ; une première couche de diffusion de lumière qui est agencée entre l'unité de rétroéclairage et la cellule de cristaux liquides et a une fonction de diffusion de la lumière et/ou une fonction de déviation de la lumière ; une première plaque polarisante qui est agencée entre la première couche de diffusion de lumière et la cellule de cristaux liquides ; une seconde couche de diffusion de lumière qui est agencée sur le côté surface avant de la cellule de cristaux liquides ; et une seconde plaque polarisante qui est agencée entre la cellule de cristaux liquides et la seconde couche de diffusion de lumière. La seconde couche de diffusion de lumière a des caractéristiques de diffusion de lumière telles que, lorsqu'une lumière laser ayant une longueur d'onde de 549 nm est incidente sur celle-ci, à partir du côté de surface arrière dans la direction de ligne perpendiculaire, l'intensité relative de la lumière laser sortant de celle-ci, dans la direction qui est inclinée à 40°, par rapport à la direction de ligne perpendiculaire, par rapport à l'intensité de la lumière laser incidente sur celle-ci dans la direction de ligne perpendiculaire, est de 0,0002-0,001 %. Le flou extérieur de la seconde couche de diffusion de lumière est de moins de 1,0 %. Le dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides est capable d'obtenir un affichage avec un grand angle de visualisation et une reproduction des couleurs élevée même lorsqu'une lumière extérieure provenant de l'environnement est présente.
PCT/JP2010/061855 2009-07-09 2010-07-07 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides et film de diffusion de lumière WO2011004906A1 (fr)

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US20140063413A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-06 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
CN111175868A (zh) * 2020-01-22 2020-05-19 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 扩散板、液晶显示屏及拼接墙显示屏

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CN102879949B (zh) * 2012-10-23 2015-03-04 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 液晶显示模组
TWI489179B (zh) * 2012-12-14 2015-06-21 Wistron Corp 製造導光板的方法、治具以及相關的導光板
JP2019053168A (ja) * 2017-09-14 2019-04-04 日東電工株式会社 光学積層体
JP6994647B2 (ja) * 2018-06-28 2022-02-04 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 照明装置

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JPH05313156A (ja) * 1992-05-14 1993-11-26 Sony Corp 薄型液晶ディスプレイ装置
WO1995031737A1 (fr) * 1994-05-18 1995-11-23 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Film anti-reflechissant
JP2004133355A (ja) * 2002-10-15 2004-04-30 Nitto Denko Corp 偏光板、光学素子および画像表示装置

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WO1995031737A1 (fr) * 1994-05-18 1995-11-23 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Film anti-reflechissant
JP2004133355A (ja) * 2002-10-15 2004-04-30 Nitto Denko Corp 偏光板、光学素子および画像表示装置

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US20140063413A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-06 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
US9690132B2 (en) * 2012-09-06 2017-06-27 Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
CN111175868A (zh) * 2020-01-22 2020-05-19 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 扩散板、液晶显示屏及拼接墙显示屏

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TW201109800A (en) 2011-03-16
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CN102472912A (zh) 2012-05-23

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