WO2011001824A1 - Détecteur de particules - Google Patents

Détecteur de particules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011001824A1
WO2011001824A1 PCT/JP2010/060176 JP2010060176W WO2011001824A1 WO 2011001824 A1 WO2011001824 A1 WO 2011001824A1 JP 2010060176 W JP2010060176 W JP 2010060176W WO 2011001824 A1 WO2011001824 A1 WO 2011001824A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dpf
sensor
amount
electrodes
capacitance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2010/060176
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正 内山
充宏 阿曽
哲史 塙
正文 野田
Original Assignee
いすゞ自動車株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by いすゞ自動車株式会社 filed Critical いすゞ自動車株式会社
Publication of WO2011001824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011001824A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/05—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a particulate sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0601—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing being estimated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1606—Particle filter loading or soot amount
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a PM sensor that can accurately detect the amount of PM accumulated in a DPF with a simple configuration.
  • a diesel particulate filter (hereinafter referred to as DPF) is installed in the exhaust gas exhaust passage from the internal combustion engine to the atmosphere, and the SOF contained in the exhaust gas, Particulate matter (Matter) such as SOOT is collected (hereinafter collectively referred to as PM).
  • the DPF is a member that temporarily collects PM in a filter having a honeycomb pore shape (including a square one) mainly made of ceramic.
  • DPF regeneration When PM collected in DPF accumulates, back pressure rises and engine characteristics deteriorate, so the accumulated PM is burned. This operation is called DPF regeneration. During DPF regeneration, the exhaust temperature is raised by fuel injection for raising the exhaust temperature, and the DPF is combusted by raising the temperature of the DPF.
  • DPF regeneration is performed every time the travel distance of the vehicle reaches a predetermined value because it is difficult to detect the amount of PM accumulated in the DPF (PM load; indicating the degree of filter clogging).
  • PM load indicating the degree of filter clogging
  • the amount of PM is detected from the pressure difference between exhaust gas upstream and downstream of the DPF.
  • the flow rate / temperature of the exhaust gas is constantly changing with the state change of the internal combustion engine, the amount of PM detected from the pressure difference is not accurate.
  • Patent Document 1 for the purpose of detecting the amount of PM, an air-fuel ratio change which is not necessary for vehicle travel is given, which is not preferable.
  • an analyzer for detecting the amount of PM accumulated in the DPF is known, but such an analyzer is large and cannot be mounted on a vehicle.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a PM sensor that can solve the above-described problems and can accurately detect the amount of PM accumulated in the DPF with a simple configuration.
  • the present invention provides two electrodes for forming a capacitor by sandwiching one or more of the partition walls in a diesel particulate filter (DPF) having a porous filter body partitioned by a number of partition walls.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • One of the two electrodes may be provided on the outer periphery of the filter body, and the other electrode may be provided inside the filter body.
  • the electrode on the outer periphery of the filter main body may be a metal case of the DPF.
  • FIG. 1A is a block diagram of a PM sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates a case where the amount of PM is small
  • FIG. 1B illustrates a case where the amount of PM is large.
  • FIG. 2A is a model (equivalent circuit) diagram of the PM sensor in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 2A shows a time when the amount of PM is small
  • FIG. 2B shows a time when the amount of PM is large.
  • It is a graph of the rate of change of the amount of PM versus capacitance in the PM sensor of the present invention.
  • 4A is a perspective view of a PM sensor showing an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4B is a conceptual diagram showing a half of the PM sensor of FIG. 4A.
  • It is a perspective view of DPF equipped with PM sensor which shows one embodiment of the present invention.
  • one PM sensor 1 is provided in a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 3 having a porous filter body 2 partitioned by a number of ceramic partition walls.
  • DPF diesel particulate filter
  • Two electrodes 4a and 4b forming a capacitor sandwiching the above partition walls are placed concentrically so that the amount of PM collected in the DPF 3 can be detected from the capacitance of the capacitor. It is.
  • a detection unit for detecting the capacitance of the capacitor formed by the electrodes 4a and 4b and a calculation unit for converting the capacitance to the amount of PM are provided inside the electronic control unit (ECU) 5. It shall be.
  • the PM sensor 1 shown in FIG. 1A is modeled as shown in FIG. That is, the capacitance detection unit 22 is connected to a capacitor 21 in which two flat electrodes having the same size are opposed to each other with a predetermined distance between the electrodes.
  • FIG. 1B shows that the amount of PM is large by making the hatching of the DPF 3 darker than that in FIG.
  • PM model of the sensor 1 the value the capacitance of the capacitor 21 is large as shown in FIG. 2 (b) from the state is a value C 0 low capacitance of the capacitor 21 as shown in FIG. 2 (a) changes to the state is a C 1 (C 1> C 0 ).
  • Detecting unit 22 detects the capacitance of capacitor 21. At this time, if the capacitance is C, the dielectric constant of the medium between the electrodes is ⁇ , the area of the electrodes is S, and the distance between the electrodes is d,
  • the capacitance C increases as the dielectric constant ⁇ increases or the inter-electrode distance d decreases.
  • the present inventors investigated through experiments how the capacitance C of the capacitor formed by the two electrodes 4a and 4b installed in the PM sensor 1 changes depending on the amount of collected PM. It was. That is, by sucking from the downstream of the PM sensor 1, air was flown from the upstream to the downstream, and PM was gradually added into the air upstream of the PM sensor 1, and the change in the capacitance C was recorded. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, it was found that the capacitance C increased almost linearly with respect to the amount of PM input. That is, the capacitance C accurately indicates the amount of PM collected by the PM sensor 1.
  • the reason why the capacitance C increases in proportion to the amount of collected PM is that the conductor carbon is inserted between the electrodes 4a and 4b, so that the inter-electrode distance d is apparently reduced and the capacitance is increased. It is conceivable that C increases or PM increases in the medium between the electrodes 4a and 4b and the dielectric constant ⁇ increases and the capacitance C increases.
  • the amount of PM collected can be accurately detected. Since the PM sensor 1 of the present invention has a simple configuration in which only the electrodes 4a and 4b are arranged, there are advantages that manufacturing is easy and cost is low.
  • the PM sensor 1 has an amount of PM trapped in the partition wall even if the two electrodes 4a and 4b are concentrically stacked with only one partition wall sandwiched from the operation principle described above. Detected from capacitance. However, in practice, it is desirable to install the electrodes 4a and 4b so as to sandwich a plurality of partition walls.
  • the PM sensor 41 of the present invention is provided with one polarity electrode (outer electrode) 42a on the outer periphery of the filter body 43 and the other polarity electrode ( The inner electrode) 42b is provided inside the filter body 43.
  • the filter main body 43 is formed in an elliptic cylinder shape having a predetermined length in the tube axis direction, and one electrode 42a is provided along the entire circumference of the filter main body 43 over the entire length in the tube axis direction.
  • the other electrode 42 b has the same tube axis length as that of the filter body 43, is formed in an elliptic cylinder shape having a diameter smaller than that of the filter body 43, and is disposed at the center of the filter body 43.
  • the outer electrode 42a and the inner electrode 42b are concentrically overlapped to form a coaxial capacitor.
  • the PM sensor 41 has a large capacitance C because the electrode 42a, 42b has a large surface area and the inter-electrode distance d is small. For this reason, it is easy to detect the capacitance C in the detection unit 22 of FIG.
  • the case 53 is an outer electrode 54a.
  • the inner electrode 54 b is formed in a columnar shape having a smaller diameter than the filter main body 55 housed in the case 53 and is installed at the center of the filter main body 55.
  • the PM sensor 51 is advantageous in that the outer electrode 54a is also used as the case 53, so that the number of parts is small, the number of assembly steps is small, and the cost is low.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un détecteur de particules de configuration simple mais capable de détecter avec précision une quantité de particules accumulées dans un FPD. Dans un filtre à particules diesel (FPD) (3) ayant un corps de filtre à ouvertures multiples (2) séparées par de nombreuses cloisons, deux électrodes (4a, 4b) forment un condensateur avec une ou plusieurs cloisons situées entre elles, et les deux électrodes (4a, 4b) sont disposées de manière concentrique. La quantité de particules collectées dans le FPD (3) est détectée d'après la capacité électrostatique du condensateur.
PCT/JP2010/060176 2009-06-30 2010-06-16 Détecteur de particules WO2011001824A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2009155944A JP5540585B2 (ja) 2009-06-30 2009-06-30 Ｐｍセンサ
JP2009-155944 2009-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011001824A1 true WO2011001824A1 (fr) 2011-01-06

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PCT/JP2010/060176 WO2011001824A1 (fr) 2009-06-30 2010-06-16 Détecteur de particules

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JP (1) JP5540585B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011001824A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3181844A4 (fr) * 2014-08-11 2018-02-07 Isuzu Motors Limited Capteur
EP3181845A4 (fr) * 2014-08-11 2018-02-07 Isuzu Motors Limited Capteur

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5874195B2 (ja) 2011-05-20 2016-03-02 いすゞ自動車株式会社 粒子状物質センサ
JP5736967B2 (ja) * 2011-05-27 2015-06-17 いすゞ自動車株式会社 Ｄｐｆ再生終了時期判定装置
JP2014145277A (ja) * 2013-01-28 2014-08-14 Isuzu Motors Ltd 内燃機関の排気浄化装置
JP6361314B2 (ja) * 2014-06-23 2018-07-25 いすゞ自動車株式会社 センサ
JP2016070077A (ja) * 2014-09-26 2016-05-09 いすゞ自動車株式会社 診断装置
CN108279334A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-13 国网北京市电力公司 监测方法及装置、系统

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007262973A (ja) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Ngk Insulators Ltd 微粒子量検出システム

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62204316U (fr) * 1986-06-16 1987-12-26
JP2743537B2 (ja) * 1989-12-15 1998-04-22 松下電器産業株式会社 分圧コンデンサ

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007262973A (ja) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Ngk Insulators Ltd 微粒子量検出システム

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3181844A4 (fr) * 2014-08-11 2018-02-07 Isuzu Motors Limited Capteur
EP3181845A4 (fr) * 2014-08-11 2018-02-07 Isuzu Motors Limited Capteur
US10126205B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2018-11-13 Isuzu Motors Limited Sensor
US10337434B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2019-07-02 Isuzu Motors Limited Particulate matter (PM) sensor

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Publication number Publication date
JP5540585B2 (ja) 2014-07-02
JP2011012577A (ja) 2011-01-20

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