WO2010149135A1 - Radarantennenanordnung, insbesondere zum einsatz in kraftfahrzeugen - Google Patents
Radarantennenanordnung, insbesondere zum einsatz in kraftfahrzeugen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010149135A1 WO2010149135A1 PCT/DE2010/000695 DE2010000695W WO2010149135A1 WO 2010149135 A1 WO2010149135 A1 WO 2010149135A1 DE 2010000695 W DE2010000695 W DE 2010000695W WO 2010149135 A1 WO2010149135 A1 WO 2010149135A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- antenna arrangement
- radar antenna
- arrangement according
- waveguide
- gap
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/26—Surface waveguide constituted by a single conductor, e.g. strip conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/28—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave comprising elements constituting electric discontinuities and spaced in direction of wave propagation, e.g. dielectric elements or conductive elements forming artificial dielectric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/246—Polarisation converters rotating the plane of polarisation of a linear polarised wave
- H01Q15/248—Polarisation converters rotating the plane of polarisation of a linear polarised wave using a reflecting surface, e.g. twist reflector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/02—Details
- H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/185—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
Definitions
- Radar antenna arrangement in particular for use in motor vehicles
- the invention relates to a radar antenna arrangement, in particular for use in motor vehicles.
- a radar antenna arrangement for a motor vehicle which has a waveguide of two spaced apart metallic plates and a dielectric solid body arranged therebetween.
- the dielectric solid has a higher dielectric constant compared to air, which shortens the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave coupled into the waveguide. This has a positive effect on the radiation behavior, since in particular the occurrence of so-called grating praise can be effectively suppressed.
- the disadvantage is that the structure of the waveguide is expensive.
- the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a radar antenna assembly, which has a simple structure and a good radiation behavior.
- a radar antenna arrangement having the features of claim 1.
- the construction of the radar antenna arrangement can be simplified without impairing the emission behavior if a dielectric gas, such as air, is arranged in the gap of the waveguide delimited by the metallic socket and, in addition, several structural elements on the metallic socket are arranged periodically, which extend into the gap. That instead of the dielectric solid too Air can be arranged in the waveguide, is in principle already known from WO 2006/039 896 Al. However, the mere replacement of the dielectric solid by air impairs the radiation behavior in an unacceptable manner.
- the disturbing first Gräting Lobe is emitted at half of the respective positive radiation angle.
- the guidance of the electromagnetic wave in the air-filled gap is worse than in a dielectric solid.
- the additional periodic arrangement of structural elements along the metallic frame shortens the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave, which corresponds to a greater dielectric constant. This dielectric constant is greater than that of the dielectric gas itself.
- the structure elements stimulate so-called floating modes in the gap, the wavelength of which is shortened depending on the geometry of the structural elements to a level required in comparison to the free space wavelength. Due to the effective shortening of the wavelength, the first Gräting Lobe is pushed into the invisible area, so that it is no longer disturbing. In this way, a simple construction of the radar antenna arrangement without impairment of the radiation behavior is achieved.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 2 has simple structure elements in the form of ribs.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 3 favors the radiation behavior.
- the structural elements can have different structural heights with each other.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 4 ensures a pure mode excitation of the Floquet mode. The formation of other disturbing modes is effectively prevented.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 5 ensures constant radiation properties along the waveguide.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 6 improves the coupling of the electromagnetic wave into the waveguide.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 7 favors the mode-pure excitation of the Floquet mode.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 8 leads to an advantageous elevation of the field strength in the gas-filled gap.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 9 is easy to produce.
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 10 acts as a Bragg reflector due to the axial grooves, whereby an advantageous field enhancement is achieved.
- a radar antenna arrangement additionally improves the radiation behavior. Since the disturbing first Gräting Lobe only occurs at non-negative emission angles, an occurrence is suppressed by the default structure. Positive beam angles are realized via a reflector system. - A -
- a radar antenna arrangement according to claim 12 enables a symmetrical radiation in the positive and the negative Abstrahl angle range. This is particularly desirable when used in motor vehicles.
- a motor vehicle according to claim 13 represents an advantageous application of the radar antenna arrangement according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a radar antenna assembly according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a side view of the radar antenna arrangement in FIG. 1, FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a waveguide of the radar antenna arrangement in FIG. 1,
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged section of the waveguide in Figure 3.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detail of the waveguide of a radar antenna arrangement according to a second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4.
- a radar antenna arrangement 1 which is used in particular in a motor vehicle, not shown, for detecting objects in its surroundings, has an extending in an x-direction waveguide 2, which is adjacent in a y-direction of a specification structure in the form of a drum 3 for specifying a radiation angle distribution of radar waves.
- the drum 3 is rotatably driven about a parallel to the waveguide 2 extending axis of rotation 4.
- the drum 3 On its surface, the drum 3 has periodically arranged default grooves 5, the distance p of which depends on the angle of rotation ⁇ about the axis of rotation 4.
- the distance p is also referred to as the azimuth-dependent groove period p ( ⁇ ).
- the radiation angle ⁇ is from the groove period p via the equation
- n is the order of the emission direction.
- the emission direction covers an emission angle range lying in an xy-radiation plane.
- the emission angle range is characterized in FIG. 1 by a zero angle line 6 running in the y direction and an arrow 7 which marks the maximum negative emission angle - ⁇ .
- the waveguide 2 has a metallic frame 8, which has two socket parts 9.
- the socket parts 9 are mirror-symmetrical to one another and are arranged symmetrically relative to an xy-symmetry plane and spaced apart in a z-direction, so that they delimit a gap 10 in the z-direction.
- a dielectric gas such as air
- the socket parts 9 are formed in a stepped manner in the y-direction with a first step 11 and a second step 12, so that the gap 10 tapers towards the drum 3.
- the gap 10 accordingly has a narrow first gap section 13 and a wide second gap section 14.
- a plurality of structural elements 15 are arranged in the form of ribs.
- the individual ribs 15 extend in the y-direction and are arranged periodically in succession in the x-direction.
- Each rib 15 has a constant structure height H along its extension in the y direction, wherein the structure heights H of the ribs 15 may be different from each other.
- the ribs 15 thus extend into the first gap section 13.
- a dielectric solid 16 is arranged within the first gap section 13.
- the dielectric solid 16 tapers in the x direction such that its dimension decreases in the z direction.
- the ribs 15 In the feed region E, the ribs 15 have an increasing structure height H in the x-direction. Outside of the feed region E, which is referred to as emission region A, the ribs 15 have constant structure heights H in the x-direction.
- the radar antenna arrangement 1 has a reflector system 17.
- the reflector system 17 has a sub-reflector 18 and a main reflector 19.
- the sub-reflector 18 is spaced from the waveguide 2 in the y-direction.
- the sub-reflector 18 is made of a dielectric material and has a metallic grid 20 on the side facing the waveguide 2. Subreflector 18 operates as a polarizer. The emission angle in a yz emission plane relative to the zero angle line 6 is denoted by ⁇ .
- the main reflector 19 is formed as a so-called Reflect-array.
- the main reflector 19 comprises a dielectric plate 21 which has metal structures 22 on a side facing the sub-reflector 18 and a continuous metal layer 23 on a side remote from the sub-reflector 18.
- the metal structures 22 effect a polarization rotation of the radar waves by 90 degrees and an alignment in the xy-radiation plane, so that the radiation angle range in the xy-radiation plane is symmetrized relative to the zero-angle line 6.
- the symmetrical alignment is characterized in FIG. 1 by the arrows 24, which after the orientation characterize the maximum negative emission angle - 0/2 and the maximum positive emission angle +0/2.
- an electromagnetic wave is coupled into the waveguide 2 via the dielectric solid 16, which is capable of propagation in the x direction.
- the dielectric solid 16 which is capable of propagation in the x direction.
- the wavelength ⁇ g is shortened compared to the free-space wavelength X 0 .
- the shortening of the wavelength ⁇ g is dependent on the geometry of the ribs 15.
- the Floquet Mode has transversal evanescent fields in the surrounding airspace.
- the positioning of the drum 3 consisting of a conductive material with the periodic presetting grooves 5 results in a coupling of the floquet mode into at least one other mode, which is deliberately not capable of spreading on the waveguide 2 and is therefore emitted into free space.
- the emission direction ⁇ is dependent on groove period p ( ⁇ ) and results from equation (1). By rotating the drum 3, the emission angle ⁇ is pivoted over the emission angle range in the x-y emission plane.
- the first grating lobe occurs at all non-negative radiation angles ⁇ ⁇ , In a symmetrical Abstrahlwinkel Scheme then the first disturbing Gräting Lobe at the half of the respective positive radiation angle ⁇ is emitted.
- the periodic ribs 15 lead to an effective shortening of the wavelength ⁇ g .
- the wavelength ⁇ g is thus always smaller than the free space wavelength ⁇ o.
- the smaller the value of ⁇ g the greater the dielectric constant of the waveguide 2, whereby the occurrence of Gräting Lobe is pushed further into the range positive radiation angle ⁇ ⁇ .
- the emission angle range is shifted toward negative emission angles - ⁇ and aligned by means of the reflector system 17 in the desired emission angle range.
- the reflector system 17 is designed in particular in such a way the radiated radar waves are aligned symmetrically relative to the zero angle line 6.
- the drum 3 can in particular also be designed such that the radar waves are radiated only with negative emission angles - ⁇ .
- the waveguide 2 in the feed region E without the solid 16 may be formed.
- the socket parts 9a of the socket 8a have axial grooves 25 extending in the x-direction in the area of the second steps 12a.
- the axial grooves 25 act like a Bragg reflector, whereby an advantageous field enhancement is achieved.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112010000325.4T DE112010000325B4 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-06-16 | Radarantennenanordnung, insbesondere zum Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009030403A DE102009030403A1 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Radarantennenanordnung, insbesondere zum Einsatz in Kraftfahrzeugen |
DE102009030403.7 | 2009-06-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010149135A1 true WO2010149135A1 (de) | 2010-12-29 |
Family
ID=42635325
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2010/000695 WO2010149135A1 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-06-16 | Radarantennenanordnung, insbesondere zum einsatz in kraftfahrzeugen |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (2) | DE102009030403A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010149135A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10090602B2 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-10-02 | Sierra Nevada Corporation | Waveguide feed for steerable beam antenna |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4956620A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1990-09-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Waveguide mode converter and method using same |
WO2006039896A1 (de) | 2004-10-11 | 2006-04-20 | Adc Automotive Distance Control Systems Gmbh | Radarantennenanordnung |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3055004A (en) * | 1958-12-18 | 1962-09-18 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Horn radiator for spherical reflector |
CH660650A5 (de) * | 1983-02-25 | 1987-05-15 | Siemens Ag Albis | Rillenhornstrahler. |
WO2008040342A1 (de) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-10 | Adc Automotive Distance Control Systems Gmbh | Radarsystem mit nur einem sensor zur umfelderfassung eines kraftfahrzeugs |
US7667660B2 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2010-02-23 | Sierra Nevada Corporation | Scanning antenna with beam-forming waveguide structure |
-
2009
- 2009-06-25 DE DE102009030403A patent/DE102009030403A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-06-16 WO PCT/DE2010/000695 patent/WO2010149135A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-06-16 DE DE112010000325.4T patent/DE112010000325B4/de active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4956620A (en) * | 1989-07-17 | 1990-09-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Waveguide mode converter and method using same |
WO2006039896A1 (de) | 2004-10-11 | 2006-04-20 | Adc Automotive Distance Control Systems Gmbh | Radarantennenanordnung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102009030403A1 (de) | 2010-12-30 |
DE112010000325B4 (de) | 2023-06-22 |
DE112010000325A5 (de) | 2012-03-29 |
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