WO2010108877A1

WO2010108877A1 - Relay, especially starting relay, for internal combustion engines, and method for the production thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2010108877A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/053664
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Stahl; Steffen Huemmer
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2009-03-23
Filing date: 2010-03-22
Publication date: 2010-09-30
Also published as: DE102009001729A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a relay, especially a starting relay (10) for internal combustion engines, said relay comprising a relay coil (11) and a magnet armature (16) that actuates a contact bridge co-operating with switching contacts (21a), by means of a switching axle (18), the switching axle and the magnet armature being coupled in such a way that they can move in relation to each other in a defined manner. In order to ensure that the welded contacts pull apart and the loose coupling between the switching axle (18) and the magnet armature (16) is adjusted, a rod (29) with an adjustable length is fixed to the magnetic armature (16) on the end of its driving element (17), inside the relay, said rod being guided through the switching axle (18) and provided with a head (29a) on its protruding end, which co-operates with the end of the switching axle (18).

Description

description

title

Relay in particular starting relay for internal combustion engines and method for his

manufacturing

State of the art

The invention relates to a relay, in particular a starting relay for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for its preparation according to the preamble of claim 3.

From the published patent application DE 199 51 166 Al a relay for a starting device of internal combustion engines is known, in which a coupling element, the switching axis of the relay and the magnet armature connected to each other limited slidably. About this coupling element welds of the contact bridge with the switch contacts of the relay when the relay is turned off by the accelerated by the armature return spring magnet armature again.

Due to the manufacturing and assembly tolerances of the starting relay and the starting device can be a sufficiently large tolerance range with a fixed, predetermined path of the armature until the response of the clutch difficult to realize. If the distance is too great, welded contacts may not be torn open because the magnet armature presses the engagement device against a rest stop via a fork lever before the driver of the magnet armature can actuate the coupling element. If too short distance of the armature reaches its predetermined via the coupling element rest position before the Einspurvorrichtung the starter has sufficiently sure spit out the starter pinion from the sprocket of the machine. Same disadvantages also arise in the known from US-PS 6,552,638 B2 execution of a start relay. There, the switching axis of the relay protrudes with a head in an axial bore of the relay armature. When switching on the relay, the relay armature is moved to the yoke and the switching axis is taken after a free travel of the relay armature of a pin used transversely to the anchor hole until reaching the working position. Conversely, after switching off the relay, the switching axis of a molded behind the head on the relay anchor shoulder is taken after the relay armature has passed through the free travel of the clutch thus formed.

The present solution seeks to design the coupling by constructive measures so that the predetermined by her clutch travel between armature and switching axis during assembly of the relay is individually adjustable.

Disclosure of the invention

The relay according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage over the prior art that a secure tearing together welded relay contacts is realized independently of the manufacturing and assembly tolerances of the relay by an individual adjustment of the clutch. Another advantage is that the coupling is located largely within the contact return spring in the switch cover of the relay, so that the dimensions of the relay remain unchanged.

The measures listed in the dependent claims, advantageous refinements and improvements of the main claim features. In this case, the head of the pin is to be provided with a larger diameter than the axial bore of the switching axis, so that the end face of the switching axis forms a stop for the head of the pin in an expedient manner on the novel coupling. As a result, the relay armature is held captive in an appropriate manner in the relay captive by in the rest position the relay of the relay armature is held in the axial direction on the driver and the pin, the head then rests on the front side of the switching axis.

For an individual adjustment of the coupling, the length of the pin is adjusted to the predetermined in the rest position distance between the switching axis and armature driver plus the length of the switching axis in an advantageous manner when assembling the relay. In the simplest way, the length of the pin is adjusted at the attachment point of the head or at the attachment point of the driver. It is advantageous if the length of the pin is adjusted by a corresponding Anprägen or upsetting the head at the end of the pencil. Alternatively, it is proposed to adjust the length of the pin by placing and securing the head at the end of the pin. As a further alternative, the pin is expediently inserted and fastened in a blind hole on the relay-internal end of the driver. Finally, it may be advantageous to manufacture the driver, pin and head individually, so that the length of the pin is adjusted during their assembly. For this purpose, it is proposed that in an expedient manner the head on the pin and / or the pin on the driver by welding, preferably by friction welding, by screwing, preferably with a cutting thread or by caulking, preferably after screwing together. Conveniently, the length of the pin is adjusted to a preassembled unit consisting of driver, pin, switching axis, contact pressure spring, contact bridge and head.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be explained in more detail below, for example, with reference to the figures. Show it:

Figure 1 is a starting relay for internal combustion engines in longitudinal section with loose

Coupling of the switching axis to the relay anchor,

2 shows a preassembled unit of the relay from an anchor driver, the

Switching axis and its loose coupling,

Figure 3 shows the parts of Figure 2 with a pin and its head as a coupling before joining and FIG. 4 shows various joints between driver and pin or between pin and head.

Embodiments of the invention

1 shows a start relay 10 for a starting device of internal combustion engines in its structural design in longitudinal section. It has a relay coil 11, which is connected on the one hand via a connection in a switch cover 12 with a start switch of the motor vehicle, not shown, and on the other hand connected to the housing 13 of the starting relay 10. The relay coil 11 is first inserted into the pot-shaped housing 13 together with a guide sleeve 14 made of brass and a magnetic core 15. At the bottom of the housing 13, a magnet armature 16 is axially guided in an opening, which dips into the relay coil 11. In a central bore of the armature 16, a driver 17 is fixed, the axially outwardly projecting end portion acts as a so-called paddle with a fork lever, not shown, a starting device together. In a passage opening of the magnetic core 15, a switching axis 18 is guided by means of an insulating sleeve 19. At the outer end of the switching axis 18, a contact bridge 20 is received axially displaceable. The housing 13 of the starting relay 10 is completed by the switch cover 12. The protruding into the interior of the switch cover 12 ends of two contact pins 21 are formed as switching contacts 21 a, which cooperate with the contact bridge 20. The inner end of the switching axis 18 is in the rest position of the relay to the relay inner end of the driver 17 with a distance a (see Figure 2) opposite. In the switch cover 12 is a contact return spring 22, which is supported on the one hand at the bottom of the switch cover 12 and on the other hand to a support plate 23 attached to the outer end of the indexing shaft 18. In an axial blind bore 24 of the magnetic core 15, a contact pressure spring 25 is arranged, which is supported on the one hand via an insulating cap 26 on the contact bridge 20 and on the other hand on the front side of the insulating sleeve 19. Between the armature 16 and the magnetic core 15, an armature return spring 27 is inserted, which is supported on the one hand on the end face of the magnetic core 15 and on the other hand at the bottom of a blind hole 28 in the armature 16. All three springs are preloaded, with the stronger biased contact return spring 22 presses the contact bridge 20 against the bias of the contact pressure spring 25 in the rest position.

The switching axis 18 is limited to the armature 16 slidably coupled by the driver 17 carries at its relay inner end a pin 29 which is passed through an axial bore 30 of the indexing shaft 18 and provided at its over the switching axis 18 projecting end with a head 29a is, which cooperates with the end of the switching axis 18. From Figure 1 it can be seen that in the rest position of the starter relay 10 of the head 29a of the pin 29 rests on the front side of the switching axis 18 by the head 29a of the pin 29 has a larger diameter than the axial bore 30 of the indexing axis 18th

In the manufacture of the starting relay 10, a unit 40 shown in Figure 2 is pre-assembled, the sleeve from the driver 17, the pin 29 with its head 29 a, the switching axis 18 with the insulating material 19, the contact bridge 20 with the insulating cap 26, the support disk 23rd and the contact pressure spring 25 used. To compensate for the manufacturing tolerances of these parts 29 of the predetermined distance a between the indexing axis 18 and driver 17 in the rest position of the starting relay 10 is adjusted over the length of the pin. This Einjustierung done either at the junction of the pin 29 with its head 29a or at the junction of the pin 29 with the driver 17. The length of the pin 29 is the length of the switching axis 18 plus the predetermined distance a between the indexing axis 18 and driver 17th set.

The Einjustieren the preassembled unit 40 of Figure 2 to the predetermined distance a can be done in different ways. Thus, in FIG. 1, a prefabricated pin 29 with its finished head 29a is axially pressed and caulked with its free end into a bore of the driver 17. Alternatively, it is possible to integrally form carrier 17 and pin 29 and to impose the head 29a on an extended end portion of the pin 29 or einzustauchen to Einjustieren the distance a according to Figure 2. Figure 3 shows a further alternative to Einjustieren the preassembled unit 40, an embodiment in which the pin 29 and head 29a are easy to produce items. Here, the pin can be fixed with its ends on the front side of the driver 17 on the one hand and on the head 29a on the other hand, for example by friction welding. Again, to adjust the distance a, the length of the pin is adjusted during assembly.

In Figures 4a to 4d different forms of connection between driver 17 and pin 29 on the one hand and between pin 29 and head 29a on the other hand are shown. Thus, in the solution 4a, the pin 29 is provided with its rear end 29b with a thread with which it is more or less screwed into a threaded bore 31 of the driver 17. After Einjustieren the distance a from Figure 2 driver 17 and pin 29 are caulked against loosening at the junction. According to solution 4b, the rear end 29b of the pin 29 is stamped into a triangular 32, the tips of which are provided with a self-tapping thread. This triangular 32 is inserted into a correspondingly large triangular blind hole 33 of the driver 17 and after Einjustieren the distance a from FIG

2, the pin 29 is fixed by turning the driver 17 by the three-pointed tips of the pin 29 dig into the walls of the triangular blind hole 33. Alternatively, the rear end 29b of the pin 29 may be fixed by friction welding in a correspondingly narrow bore of the driver 17 with the required length. The pin end 29b and the threaded hole 31 may be generally formed as a polygon. According to solution 4c, the extended front end 29c of the pin 29 is provided with a threaded portion on which a head 29a with a correspondingly large female thread 34 is screwed to adjust the required pin length. After Einjustieren the prefabricated unit according to Figure 2 or

3, pin 29 and head 29a are caulked together. Alternatively, here too, the threaded portion at the front end 29b of the pin 29 can be deformed into a triangular shape, which according to solution 4b is inserted into a correspondingly large triangular hole in the head 29a and then fixed by twisting. According to solution 4d, the end 29e of the front threaded portion on the pin 29 is compressed after adjusting the pin length and thereby the head 29a is fixed to the pin 29. Alternatively, at the front end 29c of the pin 29 in a correspondingly tight bore in the head 29 a pressed and optionally fixed by friction welding. Instead of a friction welding driver 17, pin 29 and head 29a can be welded together by laser even after Einjustieren the distance a at their joints.

After Einjustieren the prefabricated unit 40 of Figure 2, this is inserted into the through hole of the magnetic core 15 and then pushed the armature return spring 27 and the armature 16 on the driver 17.

Alternatively, it may be appropriate in the preassembly of the assembly 40 prior to Einjustieren even the magnetic core 15 postpone loosely to the indexing axis 18 and put the armature 16 together with the armature return spring 27 on the driver 17 and finally this structure together with the guide sleeve 14 and Insert relay coil 11 in the housing 13 of the starter relay 10 and to fix. Subsequently, the distance a is adjusted and finally the switch cover 12 with its contact pin 21 and with the contact return spring 22 placed on the housing opening and fixed there by caulking.

To set the so-called edge reserve now a corresponding distance A between the magnetic core 15 and armature 16 in the rest position of the relay according to Figure 1 must be adjusted. For this purpose, the driver 17 is moved to the right. After the distance a has passed through, the switching axis 18 is lifted with the contact bridge 20 until it rests against the switching contacts 21a. Now the driver 17 is pressed again to the right by the way the Abrandreserve. In addition, now the magnet armature 16 is pressed against the magnetic core 15 until it rests there frontally. In this position, driver 17 and armature 16 are caulked together at the rear end of the armature 16. With the release of the armature 16 this is now moved by the armature return spring 27 in its rest position shown in FIG. The distance A between the magnetic core 15 and magnet armature 16 is greater than the distance a between the driver 17 and the indexing axis 18 according to FIG. 2 by the amount of the margin reserve. The caused by the pin 29 with the head 29a loose coupling causes limited to the distance a axial displacement of armature 16 and switching axis 18 to each other. By this loose coupling, the magnet armature 16 is held in the rest position on the one hand. On the other hand, a possible welding of the contact bridge 20 at the switching contacts 21a is torn open again when switching off the starting relay 10 at too high a current load on small areas of the contacts. In this case, the magnet armature 16 is first accelerated by the force of the armature return spring 27 on its way to the rest position by switching off the start relay 10 by initially unhindered the way to the distance a between the indexing axis 18 and driver 17 travels. With the kinetic energy absorbed, the switching axis 18 is now taken from the head 29a of the pin 29 via the driver 17 from the armature 16. With the help of this kinetic energy and the additional force of the contact return spring 22, a welding of the switching contacts 21a with the contact bridge 20 is reliably torn open. The contact bridge 20 is then pressed into the rest position, in which the insulating cap 26 of the contact bridge 20 at the bottom of the blind hole 24 in the magnetic core 15 is supported.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiment, since the structural design of the starting relay 10, in particular with respect to the magnetic core 15 and magnet armature 16 is variable. In this case, if necessary, the driver 17 can be dispensed with completely and the pin 29 can be fastened directly to the armature 16. Thus, the invention is also quite generally realized in relays whose armature actuate only switch contacts, which may have to be forcibly opened via the pin 29 and its head 29a from the armature 16 when switching off the relay.

Claims

claims

1. relay, in particular starting relay (10) for starting devices of internal combustion engines, with a relay coil (11) and a magnet armature (16) movable by energizing the relay coil (11) from the rest position into a working position against the force of an armature return spring (27) is, and with a contact bridge (20) which cooperates with in a switch cover (12) of the relay mounted switch contacts (21a) and which is to be actuated via a switching axis (18) from the armature, wherein the switching axis to the armature retired by a predetermined distance (A) has and further wherein a clutch, the switching axis and the armature to each other limits slidably connects, characterized in that as a clutch on the relay inner end face of the armature (16), preferably at the end of a fixedly connected to the armature (16) driver ( 17) fastened, in its length einjustierter pin (29) through an axial bore (30 b) of the indexing axis (18) hindurchgefüh rt is provided and at its over the switching axis (18) projecting end (29c) with a head (29a) which cooperates with the end of the indexing axis (18).

2. Relay according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the rest position of the relay (10) of the head (29 a) of the pin (29) on the end face of the switching axis (18) rests by the head (29 a) of the pin (29) has a larger diameter than the axial bore (30) of the indexing axis (18).

3. A method for producing a relay (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during assembly of the relay (10) the length of the pin (29) to the predetermined in the rest position distance (a) between the switching axis (18) and Magnet armature (16), preferably the driver (17), plus the length of the switching axis (18) is adjusted.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the pin (29) at the junction of the head (29a) or at the junction of the driver (17) is adjusted.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the length of the pin (29) on a preassembled structural unit (40) from driver (17), pin (29), switching axis (18), contact pressure spring (25), contact bridge (20). and head (29a) is adjusted.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the length of the pin (29) by corresponding pressing or upsetting of the head (29a) at the pin end (29c) is adjusted.

7. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the length of the pin (29) by placing and securing the head (29 a) at the end (29 c) of the pin is adjusted.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the pin (29) in an axial bore (30) at the relay inner end of the driver (17) is inserted and fixed.

9. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that driver (17), pin (29) and head (29a) are produced separately and in their assembly, the length of the pin (29) is adjusted.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the head (29a) at the pin end (29c) and / or the pin (29) on the driver (17) by welding, preferably friction welding, by screwing, preferably with a cutting thread or by caulking, preferably after bolting together.