EP2286429B1 - Engaging relay for starters of internal combustion engines - Google Patents
Engaging relay for starters of internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2286429B1 EP2286429B1 EP09753840.9A EP09753840A EP2286429B1 EP 2286429 B1 EP2286429 B1 EP 2286429B1 EP 09753840 A EP09753840 A EP 09753840A EP 2286429 B1 EP2286429 B1 EP 2286429B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conductors
- resistance element
- relay
- engagement
- winding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,15S,18S,21R)-10,11,21-trihydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-14-methylidene-4-(prop-2-enylamino)-20-oxa-5-thia-3-azahexacyclo[9.7.2.112,15.01,9.02,6.012,18]henicosa-2(6),3-dien-13-one Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@]23C(C1=C)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]12C(N=C(NCC=C)S4)=C4CC(C)(C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@]3(O)OC2 UAOUIVVJBYDFKD-XKCDOFEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000269420 Bufonidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu] YOCUPQPZWBBYIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003371 toe Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
- H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
- H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
- H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
- H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices
- H01H50/543—Auxiliary switch inserting resistor during closure of contactor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C3/00—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids
- H01C3/02—Non-adjustable metal resistors made of wire or ribbon, e.g. coiled, woven or formed as grids arranged or constructed for reducing self-induction, capacitance or variation with frequency
Definitions
- the invention relates to an engagement relay for starters of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such contact relays usually have a pull-in winding and a holding winding.
- the starter pinion is initially slid axially into the ring gear of the internal combustion engine by energizing the two windings while simultaneously being slowly rotated by the starter motor.
- the relay armature then actuates a changeover contact with which the pull-in winding is switched off and the starter motor is connected directly to the electrical power supply.
- a disadvantage here is that the dynamic behavior of the engagement relay is influenced when the starter pinion meshes with the holding winding of the relay. This can lead to Einspurproblemen the starter pinion by the pinion too little twisted in too-fast toes or in too slow toads the pinion is too much twisted, which then leads to the toothed ring of the machine to a tooth-on-tooth position. Only with the full torque of the starter motor shoots then the pinion in the sprocket with correspondingly high wear and loud noise.
- an engagement relay is known in which the starter pinion is vorgespurt of the relay winding with optimized dynamics and in which is switched simultaneously via the normally closed contact of the relay, the starter motor for smooth start via a resistor to the electrical supply. After meshing, the resistor is then switched off via the changeover contact of the relay and the starter motor is switched directly to the electrical supply.
- the resistance is a meandering wound resistance wire. It is aligned with its connection ends to the changeover contact and placed around the relay winding outside. By this arrangement of the resistor, this acts at the same time as an inductive winding. This leads to an undesirable influence on the magnetic dynamics of the engagement relay.
- the present solution seeks to make the dynamics of the contactor as independent as possible of the series resistor of the starter motor, but still to integrate it in the engagement relay.
- An engagement relay with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that on the one hand the Einspurzeit the starter pinion is only determined or regulated by a corresponding dimensioning of the relay winding by the largely electromagnetically neutral design of the resistance element and that on the other hand, the gentle turning of the starter motor during Einspurvorgang exclusively done by the dimensioning of the resistive element A mutual vote of the two components is therefore no longer necessary.
- the resistance element on the support body of the relay winding can also be avoided larger outer dimensions of the relay.
- the two mutually parallel conductors and the end connection of a wound through and correspondingly bent Widerstansdraht are formed in the simplest way.
- a bare Widerstansdraht is preferably used for the preparation of the resistive element whose mutually parallel conductors are fixed at a distance from each other on the winding support of the relay winding.
- a spatially optimal arrangement of the resistance element with the shortest possible connection connections results from its arrangement on the changeover contacts facing end side of the winding support.
- the resistance element is arranged concentrically within an end region of the relay winding in a frontally open annular chamber of the winding carrier.
- the two conductors of the resistance element arranged around the longitudinal axis of the relay are concentric with one another and spaced apart by a web projecting axially at the bottom of the annular chamber and embedded in a potting compound filling the annular chamber and / or closed by a cover.
- the resistance element can also be integrated in a preassembled state in the engagement relay.
- the resistance element is fixed in a further development of the invention under a cover, preferably injected into plastic at least in several plastic sections, which can be used as a prefabricated component in the annular chamber of the winding support and having a free conductor ends receiving breakthrough.
- a cover preferably injected into plastic at least in several plastic sections, which can be used as a prefabricated component in the annular chamber of the winding support and having a free conductor ends receiving breakthrough.
- the two mutually parallel conductors are expediently arranged at an angle of ⁇ > 180 ° and preferably of ⁇ ⁇ 360 ° around the longitudinal axis of the relay, in particular with uniform curvature.
- the size of the resistor element is primarily dependent on the starter motor. So it may be necessary that the two leaders of the Resistor element must be arranged with more than one complete turn around the longitudinal axis of the relay around.
- the two conductors are bent at an angle of ⁇ ⁇ 360 ° in the region of their axially angled free ends by more than one conductor thickness, preferably by at least two conductor thicknesses to an axially offset bend in the simplest way.
- the two conductors extend at an angle ⁇ > 360 ° in several turns spirally at a distance from each other.
- FIG. 1 shows the structural design of a designated 10 engagement relay for the starting system of an internal combustion engine in motor vehicles.
- the engagement relay 10 has a relay winding 11 on a winding support 12 made of plastic, which is mounted on a magnetic core 13.
- the relay winding 11 is inserted in a metallic housing 14, in the front, open end of the magnetic core 13 is added.
- an armature 15 of the relay is axially guided in an opening, which dips into the relay coil 11.
- a plunger 16 is fixed, whose head-side end has a so-called paddle 17 for receiving a Einschhebels for a starter pin, not shown.
- a shift rod 18 is guided by means of an insulating sleeve 19, wherein the front end of the shift rod 18 at a distance from the end of the plunger 16 is opposite.
- the shift rod 18 acting as a changeover 20 contact bridge is axially displaceable, on the one hand with unrecognizable rest contacts on an insulating plate on the back of the magnetic core 13 cooperates and on the other hand, two mating contacts 20a is opposite, which are mounted in a switch cover 21, which is fixed on the magnetic core 13 by a housing edge 14 a at the upper, open end of the housing 14.
- the two mating contacts 20a are screwed as terminals 30 and 45 in the switch cover 21.
- an armature return spring 23 is arranged, which cooperates in a known manner with a contact return spring 24 and a contact pressure spring 25. All three springs are biased so that the in FIG. 1 shown rest position.
- FIG. 2 shows a starter motor 31 is connected by a vehicle battery 32 as an electrical power supply via the terminals 30 and 45 of the contactor 10 directly from the changeover 20 of the contactor 10 to positive potential.
- the positive potential of the vehicle battery 32 is also located at a start switch 33, which is followed by a starter relay 34. Via the switching contact 34a of the starting relay 34, the positive potential of the vehicle battery 32 is switched to the engagement relay 10.
- engagement relay 10 the positive potential on the one hand to the grounded relay winding 11 and on the other hand via the normally closed contact 20 b to the resistance element 26 and from there via the terminal 45 to the starter motor 31.
- the resistance element 26 is shown as largely electromagnetic neutral winding. It consists of two mutually parallel conductors 27a, 27b, which is arranged around the longitudinal axis x of the engagement relay 10 around and whose ends are connected by an end connection 27c with each other in series.
- the two conductors 27a, 27b of the resistance element 26 and their end connection 27c consist of a continuous and correspondingly bent resistance wire, which in the present embodiment has a diameter of 2 mm and resistance R of approximately 1.5 ⁇ .
- the resistance wire made of a copper-nickel alloy has two angled in the axial direction of the contactor 10 free terminal ends 27d.
- the two mutually parallel conductors 27a, 27b are here with a uniform curvature in An angle ⁇ of about 350 ° about the longitudinal axis x of the engagement relay 10 around.
- FIG. 4 can be seen that the resistance element 26 of FIG. 3 on the upper end side of the winding carrier 12 shown enlarged in longitudinal section in a molded there, frontally open annular chamber 35 of the winding support 12 is inserted.
- the two concentric parallel conductors 27a, 27b are spaced apart in the annular chamber 35 fixed by being spaced apart by a at the bottom of the annular chamber 35 axially projecting web 35a.
- the annular chamber 35 is closed by a plastic cover 36 and fixed by a serving for receiving the armature 15 brass sleeve 37.
- the terminal ends 27 d of the resistance element 26 are guided through an axial collar 38 of the winding support 12.
- the resistance element 26 is made of a bare resistance wire, its two conductors 27a, 27b can alternatively be embedded in a sealing compound 28 filling the annular chamber 35 as an alternative to the plastic cover 36, as shown in FIG. 4a is shown.
- the resistance element 26 also initially embedded in potting compound and then the annular chamber 35 are closed by a cover 36.
- FIG. 5 shows in a three-dimensional representation of a plastic lid 36 a, below which the resistance element 26 from FIG. 3 is fixed by being injected there in a plastic material 39.
- the plastic material 39 for a holding tool of the plastic lid 36 a plurality of recess 40.
- the free conductor ends 27d are passed through an opening arranged in the collar 38 of the plastic lid 36a.
- FIG. 6 shows one too FIG. 5 alternative embodiment of the plastic cover 36a turned upwards in a spatial representation, in which the resistance element 26 of FIG. 3 is embedded on the underside of the plastic lid 36a only in a plurality of mutually uniformly spaced plastic portions 39a.
- FIG. 7 is a spatial representation of a preassembled unit from the plastic lid 36a and the resistance element 26 recognizable.
- the two bare conductors 27a, 27b of the resistance element 26 on the back of the plastic lid 36a concentric with each other extending parallel to each other by an integrally formed on the cover, axially projecting web 41 from each other.
- the two free ends 27d of the conductors 27a, 27b of the resistance element 26 in the collar 38 of the plastic cover 36a are guided through an opening 42 to the outside.
- the pre-assembled in this way resistance element 26 is then according to FIG. 6 through the plastic sections 39a or by the almost complete embedding in the plastic material 39 according to FIG FIG. 5 fixed to finally into the annular chamber 35a of the bobbin according to FIG. 1 to be used.
- FIG. 8 a further embodiment of the resistive element is shown and designated 26a.
- the two concentric parallel conductors 27a, 27b arranged in almost two complete turns about the longitudinal axis x of the contactor 10 with uniform curvature.
- the two conductors 27a, 27b bent in the region of their axially bent free ends 27d by more than one conductor thickness to an axially offset bend 27e.
- the bend 27e here is about 1.5 times the conductor thickness in order to ensure a sufficient distance between the two turns of the bare conductors 27a, 27b.
- the end connection 27c of the two conductors 27a, 27b is located there below the offsets 27e.
- This resistance element 26a is in a correspondingly recessed annular chamber 35 of the winding support 12 according to FIG. 4 used or according to FIGS. 5 and 6 fixed at the bottom of the plastic lid 26a in plastic material 39 or 39a.
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of another, designated 26b embodiment of the resistance element 26.
- the two concentric parallel conductors 27a, 27b are arranged in almost two complete turns spirally spaced.
- Such a resistance element 26b can be in the simplest way on the upper end side of the winding support 12 FIG. 1 Attach.
- FIG. 9 shows, while a uniform curvature of the conductors 27a, 27b is not mandatory.
- FIG. 10 is a further embodiment of a resistive element 26c shown spatially.
- the two mutually parallel conductors 27a, 27b at an axial distance from one another with more than one turn ( ⁇ > 360 °) are threadedly injected about the longitudinal axis x of the contactor 10 in a Isolierstoffhülse 43. Consequently, the resistance element 26c in the insulating sleeve 43 can only be seen by dashed lines, since only the free, axially angled ends 27c on the upper end side of the insulating sleeve 43 emerge from the insulating material of the sleeve.
- the dimensions of the insulating sleeve 43 are selected so that they on the inside of the winding support 12 from FIG. 1 is axially usable.
- a resistance element 26d that consists of a continuous resistance wire with a rectangular cross-section in the form of a three / four-turn of the two concentric parallel conductors 27a, 27b.
- the resistance element 26d is formed with two right-angled bends U-shaped, wherein the two bare conductors 27a, 27b to each other at a distance.
- This resistance element 26d is also in a corresponding recess on the upper end side of the winding support 12 after FIG. 1 used.
- FIG. 12 is in a time chart of the magnetic flux ⁇ of the engagement relay 10 off FIG. 1 during one with the circuit arrangement FIG. 2 performed boot process shown.
- the start switch 33 is closed and the relay winding 11 of the engagement relay 10 is energized via the starter relay 34.
- the armature 15 of the engagement relay 10 is retracted until finally at time t2 the changeover contact 20 of the engagement relay 10 is actuated.
- the normally closed contact 20b is opened and the mating contact 20a is closed.
- a metered current flows through the normally closed contact 20b of the contactor 10 and the series-connected resistance element 26 to the starter motor 31.
- the starter motor 31 is slightly turned during toe-in of the starter pinion to gently mesh the starter pinion in the ring gear of the internal combustion engine can.
- the resistance element 26 is turned off and the starter motor 31 is replaced now to crank the engine, the full voltage of the vehicle battery 32 via the mating contacts 20a of the changeover 20.
- the start switch 33 and the startup process is terminated.
- the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, since the design and arrangement of the resistance element 26 allows numerous alternatives.
- a circular or U-shaped design of the resistance element as an oval, polygonal or non-uniform design can be used.
- the two parallel conductors 27a, 27b connected as a single conductor with a separately prepared end connection 27c with each other to the resistance element 26 in series.
- various known materials for the resistance element 26 can also be used.
- a web arrangement between the two conductors 27a, 27b of the resistance element 26 increases the shock and vibration resistance of the resistance wire and in addition, when inserting the resistance element 26 in the annular chamber 35 of the winding support 12, the Head 27a, 27b jammed in the chamber and thus securely positioned for further assembly steps.
- the resistance element 26 can also be preassembled with separate spacer clips in the annular chamber 35 or on the plastic cover 36a.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Details Of Resistors (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Einrückrelais für Starter von Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an engagement relay for starters of internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
Derartige Einrückrelais haben üblicherweise eine Einzugswicklung und eine Haltewicklung. Gemäß der
Hierbei ist nachteilig, dass das dynamische Verhalten des Einrückrelais beim Einspuren des Starterritzels von der Haltewicklung des Relais mit beeinflusst wird. Das kann zu Einspurproblemen am Starterritzel führen, indem bei einem zu schnellen Vorspuren das Ritzel zu wenig verdreht oder bei einem zu langsamen Vorspuren das Ritzel zu viel verdreht wird, was sodann am Zahnkranz der Maschine zu einer Zahn-Auf-Zahn-Stellung führt. Erst mit dem vollen Drehmoment des Startermotors schießt danach das Ritzel in den Zahnkranz mit entsprechend hohen Verschleiß und lautem Geräusch ein.A disadvantage here is that the dynamic behavior of the engagement relay is influenced when the starter pinion meshes with the holding winding of the relay. This can lead to Einspurproblemen the starter pinion by the pinion too little twisted in too-fast toes or in too slow toads the pinion is too much twisted, which then leads to the toothed ring of the machine to a tooth-on-tooth position. Only with the full torque of the starter motor shoots then the pinion in the sprocket with correspondingly high wear and loud noise.
Aus der
Aus der
Mit der vorliegenden Lösung wird angestrebt, die Dynamik des Einrückrelais möglichst unabhängig von dem Vorwiderstand des Startermotors zu gestalten, ihn aber dennoch im Einrückrelais zu integrieren.The present solution seeks to make the dynamics of the contactor as independent as possible of the series resistor of the starter motor, but still to integrate it in the engagement relay.
Ein Einrückrelais mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass durch die weitgehend elektromagnetisch neutrale Ausbildung des Widerstandselementes einerseits die Einspurzeit des Starterritzels nur noch durch eine entsprechende Dimensionierung der Relaiswicklung bestimmt beziehungsweise geregelt wird und dass andererseits das sanfte Andrehen des Startermotors beim Einspurvorgang ausschließlich durch die Dimensionierung des Widerstandselements erfolgt Eine gegenseitige Abstimmung der beiden Bauteile ist dadurch nicht mehr erforderlich. Durch eine geschickte konstruktive Ausbildung und Anordnung des Widerstandselementes am Tragkörper der Relaiswicklung lassen sich ferner größere Außenabmessungen des Relais vermeiden.An engagement relay with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that on the one hand the Einspurzeit the starter pinion is only determined or regulated by a corresponding dimensioning of the relay winding by the largely electromagnetically neutral design of the resistance element and that on the other hand, the gentle turning of the starter motor during Einspurvorgang exclusively done by the dimensioning of the resistive element A mutual vote of the two components is therefore no longer necessary. By a clever structural design and arrangement of the resistance element on the support body of the relay winding can also be avoided larger outer dimensions of the relay.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen ergeben sich vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale.The measures listed in the dependent claims, advantageous embodiments and developments of the features specified in claim 1.
So sind in einfachster Weise die beiden zueinander parallel verlaufenden Leiter und deren Endverbindung aus einem durchgewickelten und entsprechend gebogenen Widerstansdraht gebildet. Außerdem wird vorzugsweise zur Herstellung des Widerstandselementes ein blanker Widerstansdraht verwendet, dessen zueinander parallel verlaufenden Leiter mit Abstand voneinander am Wicklungsträger der Relaiswicklung fixiert sind. Eine räumlich optimale Anordnung des Widerstandselementes mit möglichst kurzen Anschlussverbindungen ergibt sich durch seine Anordnung auf der den Umschaltkontakten zugewandten Stirnseite des Wicklungsträgers. Um zusätzlichen Platzbedarf zu vermeiden, wird das Widerstandselement konzentrisch innerhalb eines Endbereiches der Relaiswicklung in einer stirnseitig offenen Ringkammer des Wicklungsträgers angeordnet. In zweckmäßiger Weise werden dabei die beiden Leiter des um die Längsachse des Relais herum angeordneten Widerstandselementes konzentrisch zueinander parallel verlaufend durch einen am Boden der Ringkammer axial vorspringenden Steg voneinander beabstandet sowie in einer die Ringkammer ausfüllenden Vergussmasse eingebettet und/oder von einem Deckel verschlossen.Thus, the two mutually parallel conductors and the end connection of a wound through and correspondingly bent Widerstansdraht are formed in the simplest way. In addition, a bare Widerstansdraht is preferably used for the preparation of the resistive element whose mutually parallel conductors are fixed at a distance from each other on the winding support of the relay winding. A spatially optimal arrangement of the resistance element with the shortest possible connection connections results from its arrangement on the changeover contacts facing end side of the winding support. In order to avoid additional space requirement, the resistance element is arranged concentrically within an end region of the relay winding in a frontally open annular chamber of the winding carrier. In an expedient manner, the two conductors of the resistance element arranged around the longitudinal axis of the relay are concentric with one another and spaced apart by a web projecting axially at the bottom of the annular chamber and embedded in a potting compound filling the annular chamber and / or closed by a cover.
Alternativ dazu lässt sich das Widerstandselement auch in einem vormontierten Zustand im Einrückrelais integrieren. Zu diesem Zweck wird in Weiterbildung der Erfindung das Widerstandselement unter einem Deckel fixiert, vorzugsweise in Kunststoff zumindest in mehreren Kunststoffabschnitten eingespritzt, der als vorgefertigtes Bauteil in die Ringkammer des Wicklungsträgers einsetzbar ist und der einen die freien Leiterenden aufnehmenden Durchbruch aufweist. Zur Vormontage sind dabei die beiden blanken Leiter des Widerstandselementes auf der Rückseite des Deckels konzentrisch zueinander parallel verlaufend angeordnet und durch einen am Deckel angeformten, axial vorspringenden Steg voneinander beabstandet. Bei den vorerwähnten Ausführungsformen des Widerstandselementes sind die beiden zueinander parallel verlaufenden Leiter zweckmäßigerweise in einem Winkel von α > 180° und vorzugsweise von α < 360° um die Längsachse des Relais herum, insbesondere mit gleichförmiger Krümmung angeordnet.Alternatively, the resistance element can also be integrated in a preassembled state in the engagement relay. For this purpose, the resistance element is fixed in a further development of the invention under a cover, preferably injected into plastic at least in several plastic sections, which can be used as a prefabricated component in the annular chamber of the winding support and having a free conductor ends receiving breakthrough. For pre-assembly while the two bare conductor of the resistance element on the back of the lid are arranged concentrically parallel to each other and spaced apart by an integrally formed on the cover, axially projecting web. In the aforementioned embodiments of the resistance element, the two mutually parallel conductors are expediently arranged at an angle of α> 180 ° and preferably of α <360 ° around the longitudinal axis of the relay, in particular with uniform curvature.
Die Größe des Widerstandselements ist in erster Linie abhängig vom Startermotor. So kann es notwendig sein, dass die beiden Leiter des Widerstandselementes mit mehr als einer vollständigen Windung um die Längssachse des Relais herum angeordnet werden müssen. Für diesen Fall sind in einfachster Weise die beiden Leiter bei einem Winkel von α < 360° im Bereich ihrer axial abgewinkelten freien Enden um mehr als eine Leiterdicke, vorzugsweise um mindestens zwei Leiterdicken zu einer axial versetzten Abkröpfung gebogen. Bei ihrer Anordnung an der Stirnseite des Wicklungsträgers ist es ebenso zweckmäßig, wenn die beiden Leiter bei einem Winkel α > 360° in mehreren Windungen spiralig in Abstand zueinander verlaufen. Eine weitere Alternative mit wenig Platzaufwand ergibt sich, indem die beiden zueinander parallel verlaufenden Leiter in einem Winkel α > 180° gewindeartig um die Längsachse des Relais in einer Isolierstoffhülse fixiert bzw. eingespritzt sind, die vorzugsweise an die Innenseite des Wicklungsträgers axial einsetzbar ist.The size of the resistor element is primarily dependent on the starter motor. So it may be necessary that the two leaders of the Resistor element must be arranged with more than one complete turn around the longitudinal axis of the relay around. For this case, the two conductors are bent at an angle of α <360 ° in the region of their axially angled free ends by more than one conductor thickness, preferably by at least two conductor thicknesses to an axially offset bend in the simplest way. In their arrangement on the front side of the winding support, it is also expedient if the two conductors extend at an angle α> 360 ° in several turns spirally at a distance from each other. Another alternative with little space is obtained by the two mutually parallel conductors at an angle α> 180 ° are fixed or injected threadably about the longitudinal axis of the relay in a Isolierstoffhülse, which is preferably axially insertable on the inside of the winding support.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden beispielhaft anhand der Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
-
Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Einrückrelais für Starter von Brennkraftmaschinen, -
Figur 2 die Schaltung einer Startanlage mit dem Einrückrelais ausFigur 1 , -
Figur 3 ein ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines Widerstandselementes in raumbildlicher Darstellung, -
Figur 4 einen vergrößerten Längsschnitt des Wicklungsträgers ausFigur 1 undFigur 4a eine Variante zuFigur 4 mit Vergussmasse, -
Figur 5 einen Deckel mit eingespritztem Widerstandselement nachFigur 3 in raumbildlicher Darstellung, -
Figur 6 eine Variante des Deckels nachFigur 5 mit dem Widerstandselement, -
Figur 7 ein am Deckel vormontiertes Widerstandselement nachFigur 2 in raumbildlicher Darstellung, -
Figur 8 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des Widerstandselementes in raumbildlicher Darstellung, -
Figur 9 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des Widerstandselementes in schematischer Darstellung, -
ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel des Widerstandselementes in einer Isolierstoffhülse in raumbildlicher Darstellung,Figur 10 -
ein Widerstandselement mit U-förmig gebogenen Leitern undFigur 11 -
zeigt ein Flussdiagramm für den Magnetfluss im Einrückrelais bei einem Startvorgang.Figur 12
-
FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through an engagement relay for starters of internal combustion engines, -
FIG. 2 the circuit of a starting system with the contactorFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 A first embodiment of a resistive element in a spatial representation, -
FIG. 4 an enlarged longitudinal section of the winding carrierFIG. 1 andFIG. 4a a variant tooFIG. 4 with potting compound, -
FIG. 5 a lid with injected resistance element afterFIG. 3 in spatial representation, -
FIG. 6 a variant of the lid afterFIG. 5 with the resistance element, -
FIG. 7 a pre-assembled on the cover resistance elementFIG. 2 in spatial representation, -
FIG. 8 A second embodiment of the resistance element in a three-dimensional representation, -
FIG. 9 A third embodiment of the resistance element in a schematic representation, -
FIG. 10 A fourth embodiment of the resistance element in a Isolierstoffhülse in three-dimensional representation, -
FIG. 11 a resistor element with U-shaped bent conductors and -
FIG. 12 shows a flow chart for the magnetic flux in the engagement relay at a startup.
Bei einem Startvorgang wird beim Einspuren des Starterritzels in den Zahnkranz der Brennkraftmaschine der Startermotor über ein Widerstandselement 26 leicht gedreht. Dieses Widerstandselement 26 ist im Einrückrelais 10 integriert, indem es unter dem Magnetkern 13 auf der dem Umschaltkontakt 20 zugewandten Stirnseite des Wicklungsträgers 12 fixiert ist.During a starting process, when the starter pinion meshes with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine, the starter motor is slightly rotated via a
In einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist in
In
Da das Widerstandselement 26 aus einem blanken Widerstanddraht hergestellt ist, können seine beiden Leiter 27a, 27b alternativ zum Kunststoffdeckel 36 auch in einer die Ringkammer 35 ausfüllenden Vergussmasse 28 eingebettet werden, wie dies in
In
In
In
In
In
An den verschiedenen Ausführungsbeispielen des Widerstandselementes 26 gemäß
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, da die Gestaltung und Anordnung des Widerstandselementes 26 zahlreiche Alternativen zulässt. So kann anstelle einer kreisrunden oder u-förmigen Ausbildung des Widerstandselementes ebenso eine ovale, polygone oder ungleichförmige Ausführung verwendet werden. Ebenso ist es möglich, anstelle eines durchgewickelten Widerstandsdrahtes die beiden parallel verlaufenden Leiter 27a, 27b als Einzelleiter mit einer separat hergestellten Endverbindung 27c miteinander zu dem Widerstandselement 26 in Reihe zu schalten. Dabei sind je nach Belastung auch verschiedene bekannte Materialien für das Widerstandselement 26 verwendbar. Durch die Fixierung des Widerstandselements 26 am Wicklungsträger 12 des Einrückrelais 10 wird auf eine Lackisolierung des Widerstandsdrahtes verzichtet. Zusätzlich erhöht eine Steganordnung zwischen den beiden Leitern 27a, 27b des Widerstandselementes 26 die Stoß- und Schüttelfestigkeit des Widerstandsdrahtes und zusätzlich werden beim Einsetzen des Widerstandselementes 26 in die Ringkammer 35 des Wicklungsträgers 12 die Leiter 27a, 27b in der Kammer verklemmt und dadurch für weitere Montageschritte sicher positioniert. Anstelle des Steges 35a in der Ringkammer 35 nach
Claims (9)
- Engagement relay (10) for starters of internal combustion engines in which a starter pinion can be initially axially displaced by current being applied to a relay winding (11) and can engage into a ring gear of the internal combustion engine in the event of simultaneous slow rotation, in order to then be driven by the starter motor (31) with full power until the end of the starting process, wherein the engagement relay is designed with a changeover contact (20) which, for slow rotation, connects the starter motor to the electrical power supply by means of a resistance element (26) in the first part of the engagement path and connects said starter motor directly to the electrical power supply at the end of the engagement path, wherein the resistance element (26), as a largely electromagnetic neutral winding with two conductors (27a, 27b) which run in parallel to one another, is arranged around the longitudinal axis (x) of the relay (10), and wherein the ends of the two conductors (27a, 27b) are connected to one another, wherein the two conductors (27a, 27b) and the end connection (27c) of said conductors comprise a continuous and correspondingly bent resistance wire, wherein the conductors (27a, 27b) of the preferably blank resistance wire are fixed to the winding support (12) of the relay winding (11) at a distance from one another, wherein the resistance element (26) is fixed to that end face of the winding support (12) which faces the changeover contact (20), wherein the resistance element (26) is arranged concentrically within the relay winding (11) in a ring chamber (35) of the winding support (12), which ring chamber is open at an end face.
- Engagement relay according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two conductors (27a, 27b) of the resistance element (26) run concentrically in parallel in relation to one another, are spaced apart from one another by a web (35a) which projects axially from the base of the ring chamber (35) and also are embedded in a potting compound (28) which fills the ring chamber (35) and/or are closed by a cover (36).
- Engagement relay according to Claim 1, characterized in that the resistance element (26) is fixed beneath a cover (36a), preferably in plastic material (39), is injection-moulded at least into several plastic sections (39a), and in that the cover (36a) can be inserted into the ring chamber (35) of the winding support (12) and has an aperture (42) which receives the free conductor ends (27c).
- Engagement relay according to Claim 3, characterized in that the two blank conductors (27a, 27b) of the resistance element (26) run in parallel concentrically in relation to one another on the rear face of the cover (36a) and are spaced apart from one another by an axially projecting web (41) which is integrally formed on the cover.
- Engagement relay according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two conductors (27a, 27b) which run in parallel in relation to one another are arranged at an angle α > 180° and preferably α < 360° about the longitudinal axis (x) of the relay (10), in particular with a uniform curvature.
- Engagement relay according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two conductors (27a, 27b) are injection-moulded into an insulation sleeve (43), which is preferably axially inserted on the inside of the winding support (12), in the manner of a thread about the longitudinal axis (x) of the relay (10) given an angle α > 360°.
- Engagement relay according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, given an angle α > 360°, the two conductors (27a, 27b) are bent by more than one conductor thickness, preferably by 1.5 conductor thicknesses, to form an axially offset bent portion (27e) in the region of their axially angled free ends (27c).
- Engagement relay according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two conductors (27a, 27b) run at a distance from one another in a spiral manner in several turns given an angle of α > 360°.
- Starter for internal combustion engines comprising an engagement relay according to one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL09753840T PL2286429T3 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-05-25 | Engaging relay for starters of internal combustion engines |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008002098A DE102008002098A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2008-05-30 | Engagement relay for starters of internal combustion engines |
PCT/EP2009/056271 WO2009144185A1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-05-25 | Engaging relay for starters of internal combustion engines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2286429A1 EP2286429A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2286429B1 true EP2286429B1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
Family
ID=40974658
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09753840.9A Active EP2286429B1 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2009-05-25 | Engaging relay for starters of internal combustion engines |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2286429B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5254434B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102113078B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008002098A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2286429T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009144185A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011014023B4 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2013-08-14 | Auto-Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Starting current limiting system, method for limiting a starting current and use of a starting current limiting system |
DE102011014022A1 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-20 | Auto-Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh | Start current limiting device |
DE102011088722A1 (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2013-06-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starter relay for starter of internal combustion engine, has shift drum that is movable with respect to contact pin |
JP6057677B2 (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2017-01-11 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Electromagnetic switch |
DE102013010166A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2015-01-08 | Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh | Polish integrated starting current limiter |
DE202014010575U1 (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2016-01-07 | Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh | Power relay for a vehicle |
FR3024586A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-05 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | STARTER SWITCH, STARTER AND STARTING SYSTEM |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR930980A (en) * | 1943-07-14 | 1948-02-10 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Improvements to wirewound electrical resistors |
FR1022487A (en) * | 1950-07-25 | 1953-03-05 | Method of manufacturing wirewound electrical resistors and resistors obtained by this process | |
DE4117242C1 (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-07-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De | |
DE19814504A1 (en) | 1997-11-18 | 1999-06-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Engagement relay for starters |
DE59813555D1 (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 2006-06-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | RELAY RELAY FOR STARTER |
US6452477B1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-09-17 | Marconi Medical Systems, Inc. | High voltage low inductance circuit protection resistor |
US20020158519A1 (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-10-31 | Delco Remy America, Inc. | Multiple coil pull-in coil for a solenoid assembly for a starter motor assembly |
FR2827342B1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-08-13 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | STARTER FOR MOTOR VEHICLE |
DE102004007393A1 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-09 | Denso Corp., Kariya | Machine starter with a starter motor |
US20040196136A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-07 | Tai-Her Yang | Low-inductance resistance device with bi-directional archimedian spiral layout |
DE102004032373B4 (en) | 2004-06-30 | 2018-05-24 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Electromagnetic auxiliary drive and device for displacing a drive element with such an electromagnetic auxiliary drive |
JP5168128B2 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2013-03-21 | 株式会社デンソー | Electromagnetic switch |
DE102008001750A1 (en) * | 2008-05-14 | 2009-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starter for an internal combustion engine |
DE102008002114A1 (en) * | 2008-05-30 | 2009-12-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Single track relay and starter |
JP5569349B2 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-08-13 | 株式会社デンソー | Electromagnetic relay |
JP5504899B2 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2014-05-28 | 株式会社デンソー | Electromagnetic relay |
-
2008
- 2008-05-30 DE DE102008002098A patent/DE102008002098A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-05-25 CN CN200980130283.9A patent/CN102113078B/en active Active
- 2009-05-25 WO PCT/EP2009/056271 patent/WO2009144185A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-05-25 JP JP2011510965A patent/JP5254434B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-05-25 EP EP09753840.9A patent/EP2286429B1/en active Active
- 2009-05-25 PL PL09753840T patent/PL2286429T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102113078A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
JP5254434B2 (en) | 2013-08-07 |
EP2286429A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
CN102113078B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
DE102008002098A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
JP2011523761A (en) | 2011-08-18 |
WO2009144185A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
PL2286429T3 (en) | 2017-04-28 |
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